TWI386313B - 用於光電顯示器之多層薄片 - Google Patents
用於光電顯示器之多層薄片 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI386313B TWI386313B TW97102284A TW97102284A TWI386313B TW I386313 B TWI386313 B TW I386313B TW 97102284 A TW97102284 A TW 97102284A TW 97102284 A TW97102284 A TW 97102284A TW I386313 B TWI386313 B TW I386313B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- film
- multilayer film
- display
- moisture barrier
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G02B1/105—
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
- G02F1/133311—Environmental protection, e.g. against dust or humidity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13356—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
- G02F1/133562—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements on the viewer side
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/50—Protective arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
本申請案係相關於::(a)美國專利No. 6,982,178; (b)美國專利No. 7,236,292; (c)美國專利公開No. 2004/0155857; (d)美國專利No. 7,110,164; (e)美國專利公開No. 2007/0109219; (f)美國專利公開No. 2007/0152956; (g)美國專利公開No. 2007/0211331; (h)美國申請案序號11/850,831,於2007年9月6日申請;及(i)美國申請案序號11/951,489,於2007年12月6日申請。
為了便於說明,前述申請案及專利以下可簡稱為「光電顯示器製造」或「EODM」之專利及申請案。
關於光電顯示器之背景用語及技藝之陳述已在美國專利No.7,012,600中詳細討論,讀者可自其獲得進一步資訊。因此,此技藝之用語及陳述將簡要摘錄如下。
本發明係相關於用於光電顯示器之多層薄片。此光電顯示器典型上含有一光電介質,其為固態(為了方便起見,以下此種顯示器可簡稱為「固態光電顯示器」),在觀念上光電介質具有固態的外表面,雖然該材料可以、並且經常具有
一內部填充液體或氣體的空間。因此,「固態光電顯示器」一詞,包括囊封電泳顯示器(encapsulated electrophoretic display)、囊封液晶顯示器(encapsulated liquid crystal display),以及將在下文中討論的其它類型的顯示器。
「光電」一詞(應用於材料或顯示器),在此處係使用其在顯示器技藝的習知意義,以代表一材料具有至少一光學性質不同之第一及第二顯示狀態,藉由對該材料施加電場而將該材料從其第一顯示狀態變為第二顯示狀態。
「雙穩態的」(bistable)以及「雙穩性」(bistability)一詞在本文中係用以表示其在習知技術中代表的意義,係指包括具有至少有一種光學性質相異之第一及第二顯示狀態的顯示元件之顯示器,並且係藉由一有限期間的尋址脈衝驅動任何給定的元件(given element)之後,可以呈現其第一或者第二顯示狀態,並且在該尋址脈衝終止之後,狀態將會持續至少數次,例如至少四次,其為欲改變該顯示元件的該狀態,該尋址脈衝所需要的最小期間。
已知數種類型之光電顯示器,例如:(a)旋轉雙色構件顯示器(參閱,例如美國專利No. 5,808,783;5,777,782;5,760,761;6,054,071;6,055,091;6,097,531;6,128,124;6,137,467;及6,147,791);(b)電色顯示器(參閱,例如O'Regan, B.,等人,Nature 1991, 353, 737; Wood, D.,資訊顯示器,18(3), 24 (2002年3月);Bach, U.,等人,Adv. Mater., 2002,14(11), 845;及美國專利Nos. 6,301,038;6,870.657;及6,950,220);
(c)電濕顯示器(參閱Hayes, R.A.,等人,「Video-Speed Electronic Paper Based on Electrowetting」, Nature, 425,383-385(2003年9月25日)及美國專利公開No. 2005/0151709);(d)粒子系電泳顯示器,其中多數個已充電之粒子,在電場的影響下移動穿越一流體。(參閱美國專利No. 5,930,026;5,961,804;6,017,584;6,067,185;6,118,426;6,120,588;6,120,839;6,124,851;6,130,773;及6,130,774;美國專利申請案公開No. 2002/0060321;2002/0090980;2003/0011560;2003/0102858;2003/0151702;2003/0222315;2004/0014265;2004/0075634;2004/0094422;2004/0105036;2005/0062714;及2005/0270261;與國際申請案公開No. WO 00/38000;WO 00/36560;WO 00/67110;及WO 01/07961;及歐洲專利No. 1,099,207 B1;及1,145,072 B1;及其他在前述美國專利No. 7,012,600所討論之MIT與E Ink專利及申請案)。
有數種不同種類之電泳介質。電泳介質可使用液體或氣態流體;氣態流體可參閱,例如Kitamura, T.,等人,「Electrical toner movement for electronic paper-like display」,IDW日本,2001,論文HCS1-1,及Yamaguchi, Y.,等人,「Toner display using insulative particles charged triboelectrically」,IDW日本,2001, Paper AMD4-4);美國專利公開No. 2005/0001810;歐洲專利申請案1,462,847;1,482,354;1,484,635;1,500,971;1,501,194;1,536,271;1,542,067;1,577,702;1,577,703;及1,598,694;
及國際申請案WO 2004/090626;WO 2004/079442;及WO 2004/001498。此介質可以被囊封,包括數個小膠囊(capsules),其本身各自包括一內部相(phase),其包含可以電泳方式移動的粒子,懸浮在一液體懸浮介質中,以及環繞在該內部相周圍之囊壁(capsule wall)。典型地,彼等膠囊本身係固定在一聚合物黏結劑之中,以形成位於兩個電極之間的一黏合層;參閱前述MIT及E Ink之專利與申請案。或者,在一囊封電泳介質中,環繞該等之各自離散的微膠囊(microcapsules)之壁可以利用連續相(continuous phase)來取代,因此能夠製作所謂的聚合物-分散(polymer-dispersed)電泳顯示器,其中該電泳介質包含電泳流體的複數個離散微滴(droplets),以及聚合原料的連續相,;參閱,例如美國專利No. 6,866,760。為了本申請案之目的,此種聚合物-分散電泳介質被視為囊封電泳介質之亞物種(sub-species)。另一種不同者係所謂的「微胞電泳顯示器」,其中該帶電粒子以及該流體係維持在形成在一載體介質內的多數個腔體之內,該載體介質(carrier media)典型上為聚合物薄膜;參閱,例如美國專利No. 6,672,921及6,788,449。
電泳介質可在「快門模式」(shutter mode)中操作,其中的一種顯示狀態實質上係不透明的,而另一種係可以透光的。參閱,例如美國專利No. 6,130,774及6,172,798,及美國專利No. 5,872,552;6,144,361;6,271,823;6,225,971;及6,184,856。介質電泳顯示器可以在一類似的
模式下操作;參閱美國專利No. 4,418,346。其他型態之光電顯示器亦能夠在快門模式中操作。
其他型態之光電介質,例如囊封液晶介質,亦可用於本發明。
光電顯示器通常包括:一光電材料層及至少二配置在該光電材料之相反側的其他層,此兩層之一為電極層。在大多數此種顯示器此兩層均為電極層,且電極層之一或二者係經圖樣化以界定顯示器之像素。例如,一電極層可加上延伸的列圖樣之電極(elongate row electrodes),而另一電極層可以加上走向與彼等列電極成直角之延伸的行圖樣之電極(elongate column electrodes),而彼等像素係由這些列與這些行電極的交點所定義。或者,且更為普遍,一電極層具有單一連續電極的形式,並且另一電極層係經圖樣化為矩陣的像素電極,其各自定義該顯示器的一個像素。在另一形式之光電顯示器中,其係傾向於與尖筆、印刷頭或者類似的與該顯示器分離之可移動電極一起使用,這一類型的光電顯示器僅在與該光電層相連接的彼等層之其中一層包含電極,在該光電層之對側的該層典型地係保護層,以避免該可移動電極,損傷該光電層。
三層光電顯示器之製造通常牽涉至少一壓合操作(lamination operation)。如前述美國專利No. 6,982,178所討論,許多用於固態光電顯示器之成分,及用於製造此種顯示器之方法係由用於液晶顯示器(LCD's)之技術所驅動,其當然亦為光電顯示器,雖然使用了液體而非固態介
質。然而,用於裝配LCD's之方法無法用於固態光電顯示器。LCD's通常係藉由以下方法予以裝配:在不同的玻璃基底上,分別形成底板以及前置電極,之後再將這些元件穩固地黏著在一起,並且在它們之間留下一個小隙孔(aperture),在將所得到的組件置於真空中,並且將該組件浸入裝滿該液晶的容器中,使得該液晶可以流過介於該底板以及該前置電極之間的該隙孔。最後,在該液晶到位之後,密封該隙孔以提供該最終之顯示器。
此LCD's裝配方法無法直接被轉換至固態光電顯示器。由於該光電材料係固態的,它必須在該底板以及該前置電極這兩個完整的個體互相固定在一起之前,即已出現在兩者之間。此外,與液晶材料相反地,其僅需簡單地放置於該前置電極以及該底板之間,而不需要裝在其中任一個之上,固態光電介質通常需要固定於兩者之上;在大部分的情況下,該固態光電介質通常需要確認與兩者相接;在某些情況下,該固態光電介質係在該前置電極上形成,因為一般說來這比在含電路之該底板上形成該介質要容易的多,並且該前置電極/光電介質組合之後再層壓於該底板上,典型地係在熱、壓力以及可能是真空下,在該光電介質的整個表面上覆蓋黏著劑並層壓。
大部分用於電泳顯示器之最終壓合的先前技藝之方法基本上為批次法,其中該光電介質、該壓合黏著劑、及該底板僅在即將進行最終裝配之前被放在一起,因此提供較適於大量生產的方法是目前所期望的。
前述之美國專利No. 6,982,178描述了一種裝配固態光電顯示器(包括囊封電泳顯示器)之方法,其係能夠良好地適合大量生產。基本上,此專利描述了一種所謂的「前置面板壓合」(front plane lamination 「FPL」),其依序包括一透光導電層;一固態光電介質層,與導電層電連接;一黏著層;及一離型薄片。典型地,該透光導電層將被載持於一透光基材上,該基材較佳為可撓性,認為該基材能夠用手捲繞在一直徑(約莫)10英吋(254毫米)的滾筒(drum)上而無固定形變。本專利及此處所用之「透光」一詞意指如此標示的該層可以透過足夠的光線,以使得看著該層的一觀測者(或者觀測器,observer),可以觀察該光電介質之顯示狀態的變化,其通常係透過該導電層以及相鄰的基材(若有的話)來觀察的;在該光電介質顯示器改以非可視波長反射的情況下,術語「透光」當然被解釋為代表相關之非可視波長的透過。該基材典型地為聚合物薄膜,而且通常具約有1至約25密耳(mil)(25至634微米)的範圍內之厚度,較佳係大約2至大約10密耳(51至254微米)。該導電層較方便的係例如鋁或者ITO的薄金屬或金屬氧化物層,或者可以為導電聚合物。塗布有鋁或者ITO之聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)薄膜為市售可得,例如E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company,Wilmington DE的「aluminized Mylar」(Mylar為註冊商標),而且此等市售材料使用於該前置面板壓合中,可以得到良好的結果。
前述之2004/0155857描述一種所謂之「雙面離型
膜」,其基本上為前述美國專利No. 6,982,178之前置面板壓合的簡化版。該雙面離型膜的一種形式,包含一固態光電介質層,夾在兩層黏著層之間,離型薄片覆蓋在該黏著層中的一個或者兩者之上。該雙面離型膜的另一種形式,包含固態光電介質層,夾在兩片離型薄片之間。兩種該雙面離型膜之形式均傾向於用於通常係類似用以由前述之前置面板壓合,裝配光電顯示器的之方法,但是牽涉到兩個分離的壓合;典型地,在第一壓合中,該雙面離型膜係在前置電極上形成一前配件(front sub-assembly),以及之後在第二壓合中,該前配件係壓合至底板上以形成最終顯示器,雖然這兩次壓合的順序,係可視需要反過來的。
使用前述前置面板壓合或雙面離型膜製造之光電顯示器通常在光電層與底板之間具有壓合黏著層,而且此壓合黏著層的存在影響了該顯示器之光電特性。特別是該壓合黏著層之導電性同時影響了顯示器之低溫性能及解析度。顯示器之低溫性能(其已憑經驗發現)可以藉由增加壓合黏著層之導電性予以改善,例如,藉由以六氟磷酸四丁基銨或其他前述之美國專利No. 7,012,735及7,173,752所敘述之材料浸漬該層。然而,以此種方式增加壓合黏著層之導電性,引起畫素暈染(pixel blooming)增加(一種現象,其導致光電層之區域(其依像素電極之電壓改變而改變光學狀態)大於像素電極本身),且此暈染引起顯示器之解析度降低。因此,此類型之顯示器明顯地在本質上需要在低溫效能與顯示器解析度之間妥協,且實用上其通常犧牲低溫效
能。
前述2007/0109219描述了一種所謂的「反轉式前置面板壓合」,其係在前述的美國專利No. 6,982,178中所敘述的該前置面板壓合的一種變體。此反轉式前置面板壓合依序包括:至少一透光保護層及一透光導電層;一黏著層;一固態光電介質層;及一離型薄片。此反轉式前置面板壓合係用以形成具有壓合黏著劑層介於該光電層以及該前置電極或者前置基材之間的光電顯示器;第二,典型地黏著薄層,可以存在於,也可以不存在於該光電層以及底板之間。這些光電顯示器可以同時具有良好的解析度以及良好的低溫性能。
某些新興市場需求光電顯示器為薄、可撓性且可捲繞之顯示器,使得該顯示器能夠重複地在捲繞於心軸(心軸)之存放位置(其可具有僅數微米之直徑)與操作位置之間移動,其中該顯示器形成一相當大之平面顯示螢幕。例如,已提議(參閱前述2006/0194619)提供一種行動電話,具有此類型之可撓性顯示器,以幫助閱讀該電話接收到之電子郵件。為了提供最有用於此目的之螢幕尺寸,此可撓性顯示器需要具有不大於約0.2毫米2厚度。
提供此種薄型顯示器最大的一個挑戰為密封光電介質不接觸環境,包括照射。如前述數個E Ink之專利及申請案所討論,一些光電介質係對氧及濕氣敏感,而因此使用此種介質之顯示器必須包括一障蔽層(barrier layer)以避免氧及濕氣擴散至(且,若為濕氣時,避免擴散出)該光電
介質。亦期望提供一屏障以避免紫外線輻射接觸該光電層。為了提供一種具有商業可接受之外觀與機械損害抗性的顯示器,顯示器的觀察表面應該(至少在某些情況下)具有一防昡硬塗層。最後,在該光電介質與該觀察表面之間的顯示器結構部分(以下為了方便起見,簡稱為顯示器之「前配件」)需要提供一導電層,其形成了該顯示器之前置電極。
在前配件內提供所有此等功能,且夠薄以用於高度可撓性顯示器為相當困難的事情。理論上,期望在單一、單獨層中提供所有必要功能,但是似乎沒有已知材料能夠在單一層內提供所有此等功能,且即使能夠發展此種材料,其用於高度可撓性顯示器可能會是非實用上的昂貴。因此,必須使用一種多層前配件。
雖然使用此多層前配件,然而,卻加重了另一個高度可撓性顯示器之製造的問題,即,由於此種基材缺乏剛性(stiffness),在非常薄的基材上進行製造操作(包括塗布、處理、層壓及裝配操作)之困難。無論是否可能,此等困難能夠藉由使用疊層體製程(web process)予以一定程度地減低,但是高度可撓性顯示器之最後裝配需要將該薄的配件,包括該前配件、該光電介質及(典型的)一壓合黏著層層壓至一薄底板,而此壓合通常無法使用疊層體製程來進行。
在設計高度可撓性顯示器之另一個問題為「蠕變」現象。通常其係期望在儲存為輥狀或包裹狀組態(configuration)
(例如,該顯示器能捲繞一圓筒狀心軸或繞著行動電話或是類似電子裝置的外側來儲存。當使用該可撓性顯示器時,其可不捲起或不屈曲而成為實質上平面狀之組態,然後在使用後再次捲起或再次屈曲。除非該可撓性顯示器係經仔細地設計,否則重複的不捲起或不屈曲此可撓性顯示器可能引起該前與後基材相對於彼此通常地呈現微小的移動(蠕變)。此蠕變係高度不希望者,由於其可能導致顯示器各層彼此之不重疊(delamination),或引起顯示器不同部分之間光電性質之相異。在使用彩色濾光片之彩色顯示器中蠕變尤其是問題,因為配置在毗鄰觀察表面之彩色濾光片與存在於接近顯示器背面之像素電極之間的任何移動,均會破壞介於彩色濾光片元件與用於準確地再產生顏色之該像素電極之排列,因此有害地影響顯示器生成之顏色。
迄今,該光電顯示器之前置電極典型地係自濺鍍金屬氧化物陶瓷來形成,例如,氧化銦錫(ITO)。此種濺鍍陶瓷層係昂貴的,且會構成顯示器之整體成本之實質部分。因此,期望以能夠降低成本之連續或濕塗布導電層取代濺鍍陶瓷層,但是其亦會降低該前配件之障蔽性質,因為ITO其本身提供了一些有用之障蔽性質。本發明之較佳具體實施例能夠使用此連續或濕塗布導電層,同時仍維持良好的障蔽性質。
本發明尋求提供一種在薄、可捲繞之光電顯示器中用以做為前配件之多層薄片,此薄片降低或消除至少部分的
前述問題。
本發明提供一種用以做為光電顯示器中之前配件之多層薄片,其係薄的且可捲繞的。本發明亦提供一種壓合方法,其能夠用以形成多層薄片(其係允許各獨立的層最適化以滿足各層彼此之獨立性能之方式)。彼等層亦可經濟地製造用於彼等之特別功能。
因此,此發明係提供一種多層薄膜,其係用以作為光電顯示器中之前配件,該多層薄膜特徵在於其依序包括:透光導電層;透光第一保護層;透光防潮層;及透光第二保護層。
此多層薄膜可被製為相當薄;典型地,本發明之多層薄膜具有不大於約150微米之總厚度,且期望為不大於約100微米;此總厚度係不包括任何在薄膜被併入功能性光電顯示器前已被移除之層。例如,如下更詳細敘述,其通常期望提供具有一可移除之遮蔽薄片的薄膜,以在多層薄膜之製造期間促進薄片干涉之處理,此遮蔽膜典型地在該薄膜被併入最終光電顯示器前被移除,而此遮蔽膜之厚度在計算本發明之多層薄膜的厚度時係被忽略的。
在本發明之多層薄膜中,該透光導電層包括氧化銦錫或濕塗布導電層。當然可使用其他透光導電層,例如,非常薄的金屬濺鍍層,如鋁。由於通常期望保護最終顯示器
中之光電介質免於過多地曝曬紫外線照射,第一及第二保護層中之至少一者可含有紫外線吸收劑。該防潮層可包含氧化鋁。該薄膜可在第二保護層對透光導電層的相反側上具有防昡硬塗層。或者或此外,該薄膜可在遠離該透光導電層的該第二保護層相反側上進一步含有遮蔽膜,該遮蔽膜從其所接觸的該層移除時,對該層沒有實質上的傷害;顯然地,若防昡硬塗層與遮蔽膜兩者均存在,該遮蔽膜在該硬塗層的外側。本發明之薄膜可進一步包括配置於第一保護層與防潮層之間的黏著層。在該多層薄膜的一些型態中,為了提供額外的防潮保護,該防潮層可包括第一及第二防潮次層,由一非障壁之中間層分隔。此中間層可為黏著層。
本發明亦提供一種一種裝配光電顯示器之方法,其使用本發明之多層薄膜。此種裝配方法可以數種不同方式實施。例如,該多層薄膜可以被轉換為前述美國專利No. 6,982,178所述方式之前置面板壓合,藉由直接在多層薄膜的透光導電層上塗布一光電層,分別地在離型薄片上塗布一黏著層,然後藉由以該光電層接觸該黏著層,以層壓該二所得之組件,典型地在加熱或加壓下形成該前置面板壓合。然後可將該離型薄片從該前置面板壓合剝離,並將殘餘的層壓合至底板以形成最終顯示器。
然而,如前述2007/0109219所述,通常較佳為將該多層薄膜轉換為經由使用反轉式前置面板壓合之光電顯示器。因此本發明提供一種裝配光電顯示器之方法,其包括:
提供一本身依序包括下列各層之多層薄膜:透光導電層;透光第一保護層;透光防潮層;及透光第二保護層;提供一雙面離型膜,其包括夾在第一及第二黏著層之間的光電介質層;提供包括至少一像素電極之底板,將該雙面離型膜壓合至該多層薄膜,使該第一黏著層接觸該導電層,藉以將該雙面離型膜固定於該多層薄膜;並且將該雙面離型膜層壓至該底板,使該第二黏著層接觸該底板,藉以將該雙面離型膜固定於該底板,該兩次壓合可以任意順序實施。
在本發明之方法中,該多層薄膜可進一步在該第二保護層對該透光導電層的相反側上含有遮蔽膜,該遮蔽膜從其所接觸的該層移除時,對該層沒有實質上的傷害,且在多層薄膜固定至該雙面離型膜後,自該層移除該遮蔽膜。在本方法中,該多層薄膜典型地具有不大於約100微米之總厚度,其不包括任何在薄膜被併入功能性光電顯示器前已被移除之層,且該經壓合之多層薄膜、雙面離型膜及底板之總厚度典型地不大於約300微米。
本發明亦提供兩種用以形成本發明之較佳多層薄膜之方法。兩個方法中之第一個包括:提供含有紫外線吸收劑
且在其一面上具有透光導電層之第一聚合物薄片;提供在其一面上具有防潮層之第二聚合物薄片;在第二聚合物薄片經塗布防潮層之表面、或第一聚合物薄片未具有防潮層之表面上塗布黏著層;且使該第一聚合物薄片與該第二聚合物薄片接觸,且使該導電層露出,並且該黏著層及該防潮層係被配置在該二片聚合物薄片之間。本方法可進一步包括提供一防昡硬塗層在第二聚合物薄片之遠離該防潮層的表面上。
兩個方法中之第二個包括:提供含有紫外線吸收劑且在其一面上具有防潮層之第一聚合物薄片;提供在其一面上具有防潮層且在其相反面上具有導電層之第二聚合物薄片;在防潮層之一上塗布一黏著層;且使第一聚合物薄片及第二聚合物薄片一起接觸黏著層,且該二防潮層被配置在二片聚合物薄片之間。此第二方法可進一步包括提供提供一防昡硬塗層在第一聚合物薄片之遠離該防潮層的表面上。
隨附圖示並非精確地按比例繪製。尤其是為了易於描述,不同層之厚度相對於其側向尺寸,係經大幅地誇大。本發明能夠良好地適於製造薄、可撓性之光電顯示器;典型地,下述之多層薄片具有不大於約100微米之厚度(未測量遮蔽膜,其係用於最終顯示器之前),且可能不大於約25微米,而且此薄片可被層壓至相似厚度之可撓性底板。已發現本發明之薄多層薄片,當與薄的光電介質與底板使用時,有益於減低蠕變。
隨附圖示之第1圖為本發明之第一多層薄片(通常標示為100)之示意截面圖。該薄片100包括厚度大約2密耳(51微米)之遮蔽膜102、及與遮蔽膜102相接觸之防昡硬塗層104。該遮蔽膜102,其係用於最終顯示器之前,並且可在薄片100層壓至可撓性底板(未示出)以形成最終顯示器前被移除,用以保護該硬塗層102免於該薄片100製造期間之損害。該遮蔽膜102亦用以增加該薄片100之厚度與剛性,因而促進其處理性。
薄片100進一步包括0.5密耳(13微米)之聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)層106,其在其遠離硬塗層104之表面上載持氧化鋁(AlOx
)障蔽層108。該障蔽層108係與一薄的(大約5微米)經硬化之黏著層110相接觸,其使該障蔽層108固定至一0.5密耳(13微米)之第二PET層112。與該PET層106不同,該PET 112含有紫外線吸收劑。最後,該薄片100包括一ITO層114,其作為一障蔽層並且亦形成最終顯示器之前置電極。因此,ITO層114係位於薄片100一側的外表面上,使其能夠盡可能地接近光電介質。相反地,薄片100之結構係將AlOx
層108置於層之堆疊的中間,介於該二PET層106及112之間。此種薄AlOx
層108之配置降低了對此障蔽層機械損害的機會。
用於製造該示於第1圖之薄片100之方法如下。將紫外線吸收劑併入PET薄片112,然後在所得之UV-吸收PET層的一面上濺鍍ITO層114。分別地,將AlOx
濺鍍至第二PET薄片106。將可硬化濕黏著層110塗布在第二PET
薄片106的該經塗布AlOx
之表面、或第一PET薄片110的該未塗布ITO之表面,而將該二PET薄片固定在一起,形成了第1圖中之包括層106-114之配件。最後,將防昡硬塗層104塗布至該PET層106露出之表面,並且將遮蔽膜102(其係作為預形成薄膜,典型地為滾筒形式)施加至該硬塗層104露出的表面,以增加該薄片100的處理厚度及保護該硬塗層104。
薄片100之總厚度(不含該可移除之遮蔽膜102)可為小於50微米。如同已指明,該二PET層106及112係各0.5密耳厚,因此彼等之總厚度為1密耳或25微米。黏著層110為約5微米厚。防昡硬塗層104典型地具有5微米或以下之厚度。經濺鍍之障蔽層108及ITO層114各具有大約1微米之厚度。因此,薄片100之總厚度為約37微米。在習知的連續式操作下操控此厚度之薄片具有相當大的困難,因此期望一相對地厚之遮蔽薄片102,典型地具有約50微米之厚度,以提供具有降低在傳統之疊層體製程裝置上塗布之困難的厚度之薄片。
提供所有必要之障蔽、紫外線保護及硬塗層(機械保護及防昡)功能於此厚度之單一薄片中,能夠製造比先前技藝之設計薄得多之光電顯示器,其中薄片100之各種功能係由個別的層提供。如已提示,薄片100可具有約37微米之厚度。典型上,雙面離型膜可包括一25微米之電泳層,被夾在約7微米之黏著層(其係被壓合至薄片100)及1微米之黏著層(其係被壓合至底板)之間,為約33微米之總厚度(不
包括離型膜,其在雙面離型膜被併入最終顯示器之前已必然被移除)。藉由在聚合薄膜上印刷有機半導體,能夠製造總厚度(即使包括任何額外需要之障蔽層)不大於約50微米之底板。由該薄片100與此雙面離型膜所製得之光電顯示器與底板可具有約120微米之總厚度,且物理特性與市售之5密耳(127微米)PET薄膜沒有很大不同。因此該顯示器能夠輕易地捲繞於直徑(約)10毫米之心軸、或捲繞於行動電話或類似厚度之電子裝置。
第1圖所示之結構可有數種變體。視需要可省略遮蔽膜102。在一些申請案中,亦可省略硬塗層104,留下PET層106之一面當作薄片100之觀察表面。根據該特定光電介質對紫外線照射之敏感度、及預期使用之顯示器(例如,可捲繞之顯示器傾向於用作階梯式教室之顯示螢幕,即可不需要紫外線保護),可自PET層112省略紫外線吸收劑,或紫外線吸收能夠以其他方式提供,如前述共申請案序號No. 2007/0109219所敘述。該AlOx
障蔽層可被任何濺鍍或蒸鍍金屬或陶瓷層、或具有足夠透明度及障蔽特性之聚合物所取代;適合材料之實例可包括ITO、鋁、碳化矽、及商業上販售之註冊商標為CLARIS、ACLAR及SARAN之均聚物。類似地,該ITO層114可被任何濺鍍或蒸鍍金屬或陶瓷層、或具有足夠透明度及導電性之聚合物所取代;適合材料之實例包括鋁、導電聚合物,如PEDOT(聚(3,4-伸乙二氧基噻吩))及碳奈米管(carbon nanotubes)。
AlOx
層108與ITO層114之組合提供了比一層更有效
之障蔽層。濺鍍薄膜之障蔽性質因必然存在於濺鍍層之針孔而受限制。藉由將兩片濺鍍薄膜層壓在一起,如上述該薄片100之製作所進行,形成一額外的障蔽層,其中在二障蔽層中隨機分佈的針孔被重疊是極不可能的。
薄片100亦為機械耐久性的。機械應力會引起AlOx
與ITO障蔽層中之裂痕,但是額外之障蔽層的存在,且事實上此等障蔽層係被施加至不同的聚合物(PET)薄膜上,由一薄的黏著層分隔開,易於將在二障蔽層中產生之裂痕隔開。如第1圖所示之薄片100(具有或不具有遮蔽膜102)經捲繞在直徑15毫米之心軸10,000次,相對於該薄片在經歷任何捲繞之前,在障,蔽性質上未顯示任何衰退。
雖然前述討論主要針對具有約25微米之厚度的極薄前配件,但是能夠藉由提高該組件之厚度而增加額外的衝擊保護。此可藉由提高該PET層一者或兩者之厚度、層壓額外的層(例如,PET、PEN或聚碳酸酯)、或提供較薄的輔助層,如黏著及障蔽層而予以作用。
乍看之下似乎具有類似於薄片100之性質的主要為單層、非經壓合之薄片可藉由下述步驟來製造:在單一聚合物層的對側濺鍍二障蔽層,紫外線吸收劑係提供在聚合物層內或作為一額外的塗層覆蓋非電極障蔽層(即,薄片100中之AlOx
層),視需要塗布防昡硬塗層並施加遮蔽膜。然而,此方法具有嚴重的缺點,即,由於濺鍍與塗布步驟係在相同的聚合物層相繼地實施,因此在不同步驟之產率誤差(yield loss)是被複合的,其可能使薄片變貴。此外,聚
合物層中之缺陷,局部凝聚(nucleate)的不良屏障性質,可能影響在相同聚合物層上之兩側的障蔽層,而使得障蔽性能受損害。類似地,機械應力引起之裂痕可能在二障蔽層的相同位置發生。
隨附圖示之第2圖為本發明之第二多層薄片(通常標示為200)之示意截面圖。該薄片200包括厚度大約2密耳(51微米)之遮蔽膜202、及與遮蔽膜202相接觸之防昡硬塗層204。該遮蔽膜202與該硬塗層204均與第1圖所示之薄片100相對應的層相同,且當作相同功能。薄片200進一步包括一0.5密耳(13微米)之聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)層206;然而,在薄片200中,是此層206載持紫外線吸收劑。該層206遠離該硬塗層204之表面,載持一AlOx
障蔽層208A,其係藉由一薄的(大約5微米)經硬化之黏著層210固定至第二AlOx
障蔽層208B。障蔽層208B係被載持於第二0.5密耳(13微米)之PET層212上。最後,該薄片200包含一濕塗布導電層214,其形成了最終顯示器之前置電極。
用於製造如第2圖所示之薄片200之較佳方法如下。將紫外線吸收劑併入PET薄片206,其已在其上形成有AlOx
層208A;具有AlOx
塗層之PET薄片係市售可得。分別地,將該導電層214濕塗布在第二PET薄片212之一面上,其上已形成有AlOx
層208B。在PET薄片206與212之經塗布AlOx
之表面之一上,塗布該經硬化之濕黏著層210,並將該二PET薄片層壓在一起以形成第2圖中之包括
層206-214的配件。最後,將防昡硬塗層204塗布在PET層206露出的表面上,並將遮蔽膜202施加至硬塗層104露出的表面上。
將注意到,在薄片200中,AlOx
障蔽層208A與208B均被掩埋在二PET層之間,因此均良好地受到保護免於機械損害。
如同第1圖所示之薄片100,第2圖所示之薄片200亦可具有數種變體。所有薄片100提及之變體亦可用於薄片200中。此外,紫外線吸收劑可被併入任一PET層。視期望可省略遮蔽膜102。在一些申請案中,亦可省略硬塗層104,留下PET層106之一表面當作薄片100之觀察表面。根據該特定光電介質對紫外線照射之敏感度、及預期使用之顯示器,可自PET層112省略紫外線吸收劑,或紫外線吸收能夠以其他方式提供,如前述共申請案序號No.2007/0109219所敘述。該AlOx
障蔽層可被任何濺鍍或蒸鍍金屬或陶瓷層、或具有足夠透明度及障蔽特性之聚合物所取代;適合材料之實例可包括ITO、鋁、碳化矽、及商業上販售之註冊商標為CLARIS、ACLAR及SARAN之均聚物。類似地,該導電層214可被任何濺鍍或蒸鍍金屬或陶瓷層、或具有足夠透明度及導電性之聚合物所取代;適合材料之實例包括鋁、導電聚合物,如PEDOT(聚(3,4-伸乙二氧基噻吩))及碳奈米管。在薄片200中,裝配的順序對降低產率誤差係為重要。
如前所提及,在第1圖所示之薄片100中,該ITO層
114同時提供了導電與障蔽功能。相反地,濕製造之導電層,如薄片200中之層214,典型地具有不良之障蔽性質。因此,為了維持良好的障蔽性質,薄片200具有二AlOx
層208A與208B(與薄片100中單一的AlOx
層相反),以提供類似於薄片100中AlOx
層108與ITO層114之組合的障蔽性質。在薄片200中提供二AlOx
層208A與208B是經濟上可行的,因為經塗布AlOx
之聚合物薄膜相對上並不昂貴,然而ITO是昂貴的。薄片200之機械性質係非常類似於該等薄膜100。
由上可知,本發明能夠提供一種具有優異障蔽性質的機械上強固之前配件,用以用於光電顯示器。特徵,如,防昡硬塗層、紫外線吸收劑、厚度與採用之遮蔽膜形式(若有的話)能夠簡便地改變,以適合於各客戶需求。
由上述討論明顯可知,本發明之薄膜可與任何具有固態外表面之光電層一起使用,該薄膜可黏附於該固態外表面。因此,本發明之方法能夠使用上述任何形式之光電介質來實施。例如,本發明之方法能夠利用旋轉雙色構件、電色或電泳介質,且在最後一個情況之電泳介質可為囊封、聚合物-分散、或微胞形式。使用本發明之薄膜所製造之顯示器能夠用於任何使用先前技藝之固態光電顯示器的申請案。因此,例如,本發明之顯示器可用於電子書閱讀器(electronic book readers)、攜帶型電腦、平板型電腦(tablet computers)、行動電話、智慧卡(smart card)、標誌牌(sign)、手錶、架標號(shelf label)或者快閃式驅動器
(flash drive)。
100、200‧‧‧多層薄片
102、202‧‧‧遮蔽膜
104、204‧‧‧防眩硬塗層
106、112、206、212‧‧‧聚合物薄片
108、208A、208B‧‧‧障蔽層
110、210‧‧‧黏著層
114、214‧‧‧導電層
第1圖為本發明之第一多層薄片之示意截面圖
第2圖為本發明之第二多層薄片之示意截面圖
100‧‧‧多層薄片
102‧‧‧遮蔽膜
104‧‧‧防眩硬塗層
106‧‧‧PET層
108‧‧‧障蔽層
110‧‧‧黏著層
112‧‧‧第二PET層
114‧‧‧ITO層
Claims (16)
- 一種多層薄膜(100;200),其係用以作為光電顯示器中之前配件(front sub-assembly),該多層薄膜(100;200)特徵在於其依序包括:透光導電層(114;214);透光第一保護層(112;212);透光防潮層(108;208A,208B);及透光第二保護層(106;206),其在第二保護層(106;206)背離該透光導電層(114,214)之側,進一步包括遮蔽膜(102;202),該遮蔽膜(102;202)自其所接觸之層被移除時,對此層無實質上的損害。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之多層薄膜,其於不包括在此薄膜被併入功能性光電顯示器前已被移除之任何層時之總厚度係不大於150微米。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之多層薄膜,其於不包括在併入功能性光電顯示器前已被移除之任何層時之總厚度不大於100微米。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之多層薄膜,其中透光導電層(114)包括氧化銦錫。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之多層薄膜,其中透光導電層(214)包括濕塗布導電層。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之多層薄膜,其中第一及第二保 護層(112;206)之至少一者包括紫外線吸收劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之多層薄膜,其中防潮層(108;208A,208B)包括氧化鋁。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之多層薄膜,其在遠離該透光導電層(114,214)的第二保護層(106;206)之相反側上,進一步包括防昡硬塗層(104;204)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之多層薄膜,其進一步包括配置在第一保護層(112)及防潮層(108)之間的黏著層(110)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至9項中任一項之多層薄膜,其中防潮層包括由一非障蔽中間層(210)所分隔之第一及第二防潮次層(208A,208B)。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之多層薄膜,其中中間層(210)為黏著層。
- 一種裝配光電顯示器之方法,該方法特徵在於:提供一種如申請專利範圍第1至11項中任一項之多層薄膜(100;200);提供一雙面離型膜,其包括夾在第一及第二黏著層之間的光電介質層;提供包括至少一像素電極之底板(backplane),將該雙面離型膜壓合至該多層薄膜(100;200),使該第一黏著層接觸該導電層(114;214),藉以將該雙面離型膜固定於該多層薄膜(100;200);並且將該雙面離型膜壓合至該底板,使該第二黏著層接觸該底板,藉以將該雙面離型膜固定於該底板, 該兩次壓合可以任意順序實施。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之方法,其中多層薄膜(100;200)在遠離該透光導電層(114,214)的第二保護層(106;206)之相反側上,進一步包括遮蔽膜(102;202),該遮蔽膜(102;202)自其所接觸之層被移除時,對此層無實質上的損害,且在多層薄膜(100;200)固定於該雙面離型膜後,自該層移除該遮蔽膜(102;202)。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之方法,其中多層薄膜(100;200)具有不大於100微米之總厚度,不包括在併入功能性光電顯示器前已自薄膜(100;200)被移除之任何層,並且該壓合多層薄膜(100;200)、雙面離型膜及底板之總厚度不大於300微米。
- 一種用以做為光電顯示器中之前配件的多層薄膜(100)之製法,該製法特徵在於:提供含有紫外線吸收劑且在其一面上具有透光導電層(114)之第一聚合物薄片(112);提供在其一面上具有防潮層(108)之第二聚合物薄片(106);在第二聚合物薄片(106)經塗布防潮層之表面、或第一聚合物薄片(112)未具有導電層(114)之表面上塗布黏著層(110);且使該第一聚合物薄片(112)與該第二聚合物薄片(106)接觸,且使該導電層(114)露出,並且該黏著層(110)及該防潮層(108)係被配置在該二片聚合物薄片(112, 106)之間。
- 一種用以做為光電顯示器中之前配件的多層薄膜(200)之製法,該製法特徵在於:提供含有紫外線吸收劑且在其一面上具有防潮層(208A)之第一聚合物薄片(206);提供在其一面上具有防潮層(208B)且在其相反面上具有導電層(214)之第二聚合物薄片(212);在防潮層(208A,208B)之一上塗布一黏著層(210);且使第一聚合物薄片(206)及第二聚合物薄片(212)一起接觸黏著層(210),且該二防潮層(208A,208B)被配置在二片聚合物薄片(206,212)之間。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US88600507P | 2007-01-22 | 2007-01-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW200838698A TW200838698A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
TWI386313B true TWI386313B (zh) | 2013-02-21 |
Family
ID=39640917
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW97102284A TWI386313B (zh) | 2007-01-22 | 2008-01-22 | 用於光電顯示器之多層薄片 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US7667886B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2111562B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101256709B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101836167B (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1143424A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI386313B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2008091850A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (89)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7999787B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2011-08-16 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces |
US7848006B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2010-12-07 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment |
US7583251B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2009-09-01 | E Ink Corporation | Dielectrophoretic displays |
US8040594B2 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2011-10-18 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-color electrophoretic displays |
US20020113770A1 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2002-08-22 | Joseph M. Jacobson | Methods for achieving improved color in microencapsulated electrophoretic devices |
AU2002250304A1 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-24 | E Ink Corporation | Apparatus for displaying drawings |
US7679814B2 (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2010-03-16 | E Ink Corporation | Materials for use in electrophoretic displays |
US8390918B2 (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2013-03-05 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment |
US20090009852A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2009-01-08 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic particles and processes for the production thereof |
US7223672B2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2007-05-29 | E Ink Corporation | Processes for forming backplanes for electro-optic displays |
US8363299B2 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2013-01-29 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof |
US20040031167A1 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2004-02-19 | Stein Nathan D. | Single wafer method and apparatus for drying semiconductor substrates using an inert gas air-knife |
US7839564B2 (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2010-11-23 | E Ink Corporation | Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays |
US20130063333A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2013-03-14 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays |
US8177942B2 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2012-05-15 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein |
US20110164301A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2011-07-07 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein |
US11250794B2 (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2022-02-15 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces |
US7843624B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2010-11-30 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof |
US8390301B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2013-03-05 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof |
TWI386313B (zh) | 2007-01-22 | 2013-02-21 | E Ink Corp | 用於光電顯示器之多層薄片 |
US7688497B2 (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2010-03-30 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-layer sheet for use in electro-optic displays |
JP4503030B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-13 | 2010-07-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置用マイクロカプセルの保存方法 |
US7826129B2 (en) | 2007-03-06 | 2010-11-02 | E Ink Corporation | Materials for use in electrophoretic displays |
US8034209B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2011-10-11 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof |
US20090122389A1 (en) | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-14 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic assemblies, and adhesives and binders for use therein |
KR20100126427A (ko) * | 2008-02-21 | 2010-12-01 | 마리센스 오이 | 디스플레이 모듈 및 관련 제조 방법 |
WO2009117730A1 (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays and color filters |
EP2277162B1 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2020-08-26 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electro-optic displays |
TWI484273B (zh) * | 2009-02-09 | 2015-05-11 | E Ink Corp | 電泳粒子 |
US8098418B2 (en) | 2009-03-03 | 2012-01-17 | E. Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and color filters for use therein |
WO2011059748A2 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2011-05-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays with touch sensors |
US8654436B1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2014-02-18 | E Ink Corporation | Particles for use in electrophoretic displays |
US20110195187A1 (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-11 | Apple Inc. | Direct liquid vaporization for oleophobic coatings |
EP2553522B1 (en) | 2010-04-02 | 2016-03-23 | E-Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic media |
TWI484275B (zh) | 2010-05-21 | 2015-05-11 | E Ink Corp | 光電顯示器及其驅動方法、微型空腔電泳顯示器 |
TWI405020B (zh) * | 2010-05-26 | 2013-08-11 | Au Optronics Corp | 電泳顯示裝置 |
CN103299448B (zh) * | 2010-09-29 | 2016-09-07 | Posco公司 | 使用辊形状母基板的柔性电子器件的制造方法、柔性电子器件及柔性基板 |
US8715779B2 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2014-05-06 | Apple Inc. | Enhanced glass impact durability through application of thin films |
DE102011079101A1 (de) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Organisches optoelektronisches bauteil und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
US9087488B1 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2015-07-21 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Producing electro-optic display with seamless front surface |
US20130314774A1 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-11-28 | Cool Earth Solar Inc. | Inflated tubular solar concentrators |
CN103137245B (zh) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-09-09 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | 透明导电膜及其制造方法、电子装置 |
US11467466B2 (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2022-10-11 | E Ink Corporation | Illumination systems for reflective displays |
US10190743B2 (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2019-01-29 | E Ink Corporation | Illumination systems for reflective displays |
US9715155B1 (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2017-07-25 | E Ink Corporation | Electrode structures for electro-optic displays |
US9726957B2 (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2017-08-08 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display with controlled electrochemical reactions |
US20160131957A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-05-12 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Electrophoretic display having charged fluorescent dendrimer particles |
WO2015120288A1 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-08-13 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display backplane structures |
US10317767B2 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2019-06-11 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display backplane structure with drive components and pixel electrodes on opposed surfaces |
US10446585B2 (en) | 2014-03-17 | 2019-10-15 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-layer expanding electrode structures for backplane assemblies |
KR20150110848A (ko) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-10-05 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 장치 |
US10901125B2 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2021-01-26 | Eyesafe, Llc | Light emission reducing compounds for electronic devices |
US10642087B2 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2020-05-05 | Eyesafe, Llc | Light emission reducing compounds for electronic devices |
CN107077040B (zh) | 2014-11-07 | 2021-06-29 | 伊英克公司 | 电光显示器的应用 |
US9835925B1 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2017-12-05 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof |
US9684339B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 | 2017-06-20 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Bendable display assembly |
US10997930B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2021-05-04 | E Ink Corporation | Methods and circuitry for driving display devices |
CN113759630B (zh) | 2015-06-29 | 2024-04-26 | 伊英克公司 | 用于机械和电气地连接到显示器电极的方法 |
JP2017032666A (ja) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-09 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置および電子機器 |
EP3465339A4 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2019-04-17 | E Ink Corporation | REAR PANELS FOR ELECTROOPTICAL INDICATIONS |
WO2018160546A1 (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | E Ink Corporation | Writeable electrophoretic displays including sensing circuits and styli configured to interact with sensing circuits |
CN116430639A (zh) | 2017-03-28 | 2023-07-14 | 伊英克公司 | 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板 |
CN112860018A (zh) | 2017-05-19 | 2021-05-28 | 伊英克公司 | 包含数字化及触控感测的可折叠电光显示器 |
TWI752233B (zh) | 2017-05-30 | 2022-01-11 | 美商電子墨水股份有限公司 | 電光顯示器及用於自電光顯示器排放殘餘電壓之方法 |
US11404013B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 | 2022-08-02 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays with resistors for discharging remnant charges |
US10241377B1 (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2019-03-26 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Self-healing flexible electrophoretic displays |
US10882042B2 (en) | 2017-10-18 | 2021-01-05 | E Ink Corporation | Digital microfluidic devices including dual substrates with thin-film transistors and capacitive sensing |
US10824042B1 (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2020-11-03 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display and composite materials having low thermal sensitivity for use therein |
EP4137884A3 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2023-04-19 | E Ink Corporation | Processes for producing electro-optic displays |
US11081066B2 (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2021-08-03 | E Ink Corporation | Via placement for slim border electro-optic display backplanes with decreased capacitive coupling between t-wires and pixel electrodes |
US11175561B1 (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2021-11-16 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic display media with network electrodes and methods of making and using the same |
TWI727374B (zh) * | 2018-07-25 | 2021-05-11 | 美商電子墨水股份有限公司 | 可撓性透明膨脹型塗佈物及包含其之複合物 |
CN109062446A (zh) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-21 | 深圳市易快来科技股份有限公司 | 一种触显装置及其制造方法 |
US11353759B2 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2022-06-07 | Nuclera Nucleics Ltd. | Backplanes with hexagonal and triangular electrodes |
US11511096B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2022-11-29 | E Ink Corporation | Digital microfluidic delivery device |
TWI733246B (zh) | 2018-11-09 | 2021-07-11 | 美商電子墨水股份有限公司 | 電光顯示器 |
US10955697B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2021-03-23 | Eyesafe Inc. | Light emission modification |
US11126033B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2021-09-21 | Eyesafe Inc. | Backlight unit with emission modification |
US11810532B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2023-11-07 | Eyesafe Inc. | Systems for monitoring and regulating harmful blue light exposure from digital devices |
US11592701B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2023-02-28 | Eyesafe Inc. | Backlight unit with emission modification |
EP3894934A4 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2022-07-20 | E Ink Corporation | LIGHTING SYSTEMS FOR REFLECTIVE DISPLAYS |
US11521565B2 (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2022-12-06 | E Ink Corporation | Crosstalk reduction for electro-optic displays |
KR102647463B1 (ko) | 2018-12-30 | 2024-03-13 | 이 잉크 코포레이션 | 전기 광학 디스플레이들 |
US10971660B2 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2021-04-06 | Eyesafe Inc. | White LED light source and method of making same |
CA3163679A1 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-01 | E Ink Corporation | Transferable light-transmissive electrode films for electro-optic devices |
CA3163699A1 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic display layer with thin film top electrode |
EP4162318A1 (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2023-04-12 | E Ink Corporation | Foldable electrophoretic display module including non-conductive support plate |
KR20240027817A (ko) | 2021-08-18 | 2024-03-04 | 이 잉크 코포레이션 | 전기-광학 디스플레이들을 구동하기 위한 방법들 |
US11830449B2 (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2023-11-28 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6407847B1 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2002-06-18 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic medium having a color stability |
US6743524B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2004-06-01 | General Electric Company | Barrier layer for an article and method of making said barrier layer by expanding thermal plasma |
US20040155857A1 (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-08-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays |
US20050168801A1 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-08-04 | E Ink Corporation | Process for sealing electro-optic displays |
Family Cites Families (236)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3892568A (en) | 1969-04-23 | 1975-07-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrophoretic image reproduction process |
US3870517A (en) * | 1969-10-18 | 1975-03-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Color image reproduction sheet employed in photoelectrophoretic imaging |
US3668106A (en) | 1970-04-09 | 1972-06-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrophoretic display device |
US3767392A (en) | 1970-04-15 | 1973-10-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrophoretic light image reproduction process |
US3792308A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1974-02-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrophoretic display device of the luminescent type |
JPS4917079B1 (zh) | 1970-12-21 | 1974-04-26 | ||
US4418346A (en) | 1981-05-20 | 1983-11-29 | Batchelder J Samuel | Method and apparatus for providing a dielectrophoretic display of visual information |
US4640583A (en) * | 1983-07-22 | 1987-02-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Seiko Epson | Display panel having an inner and an outer seal and process for the production thereof |
US4857393A (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1989-08-15 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Waterproof water-vapor-permeable laminated structure and applications of the same |
EP0646611B1 (en) | 1993-09-30 | 1999-01-27 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Gas barrier laminated material |
US5745094A (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1998-04-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electrophoretic display |
US6137467A (en) | 1995-01-03 | 2000-10-24 | Xerox Corporation | Optically sensitive electric paper |
US6120588A (en) | 1996-07-19 | 2000-09-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof |
US6710540B1 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2004-03-23 | E Ink Corporation | Electrostatically-addressable electrophoretic display |
US6262706B1 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2001-07-17 | E Ink Corporation | Retroreflective electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same |
US6120839A (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2000-09-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-osmotic displays and materials for making the same |
US6124851A (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2000-09-26 | E Ink Corporation | Electronic book with multiple page displays |
US6639578B1 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2003-10-28 | E Ink Corporation | Flexible displays |
US7956841B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2011-06-07 | E Ink Corporation | Stylus-based addressing structures for displays |
US7167155B1 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2007-01-23 | E Ink Corporation | Color electrophoretic displays |
US6118426A (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2000-09-12 | E Ink Corporation | Transducers and indicators having printed displays |
US7106296B1 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2006-09-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electronic book with multiple page displays |
WO1998003896A1 (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 1998-01-29 | E-Ink Corporation | Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof |
US7071913B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2006-07-04 | E Ink Corporation | Retroreflective electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same |
US7259744B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2007-08-21 | E Ink Corporation | Dielectrophoretic displays |
US7411719B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2008-08-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof |
US7583251B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2009-09-01 | E Ink Corporation | Dielectrophoretic displays |
US7848006B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2010-12-07 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment |
US7327511B2 (en) * | 2004-03-23 | 2008-02-05 | E Ink Corporation | Light modulators |
US7304634B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2007-12-04 | E Ink Corporation | Rear electrode structures for electrophoretic displays |
US7999787B2 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2011-08-16 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces |
US6459418B1 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2002-10-01 | E Ink Corporation | Displays combining active and non-active inks |
US6515649B1 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2003-02-04 | E Ink Corporation | Suspended particle displays and materials for making the same |
US6017584A (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2000-01-25 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-color electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same |
US8139050B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2012-03-20 | E Ink Corporation | Addressing schemes for electronic displays |
US7352353B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2008-04-01 | E Ink Corporation | Electrostatically addressable electrophoretic display |
US7109968B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2006-09-19 | E Ink Corporation | Non-spherical cavity electrophoretic displays and methods and materials for making the same |
US7193625B2 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2007-03-20 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein |
US7079305B2 (en) | 2001-03-19 | 2006-07-18 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof |
US6664944B1 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2003-12-16 | E-Ink Corporation | Rear electrode structures for electrophoretic displays |
US8089453B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2012-01-03 | E Ink Corporation | Stylus-based addressing structures for displays |
US6866760B2 (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 2005-03-15 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof |
US6727881B1 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2004-04-27 | E Ink Corporation | Encapsulated electrophoretic displays and methods and materials for making the same |
US5760761A (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1998-06-02 | Xerox Corporation | Highlight color twisting ball display |
US5808783A (en) | 1996-06-27 | 1998-09-15 | Xerox Corporation | High reflectance gyricon display |
US6055091A (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 2000-04-25 | Xerox Corporation | Twisting-cylinder display |
US6538801B2 (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 2003-03-25 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays using nanoparticles |
US6721083B2 (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 2004-04-13 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays using nanoparticles |
US6323989B1 (en) | 1996-07-19 | 2001-11-27 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays using nanoparticles |
US5930026A (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1999-07-27 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Nonemissive displays and piezoelectric power supplies therefor |
US5777782A (en) | 1996-12-24 | 1998-07-07 | Xerox Corporation | Auxiliary optics for a twisting ball display |
ATE298098T1 (de) | 1997-02-06 | 2005-07-15 | Univ Dublin | Elektrochromes system |
US5961804A (en) | 1997-03-18 | 1999-10-05 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Microencapsulated electrophoretic display |
US6980196B1 (en) | 1997-03-18 | 2005-12-27 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Printable electronic display |
US7242513B2 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2007-07-10 | E Ink Corporation | Encapsulated electrophoretic displays having a monolayer of capsules and materials and methods for making the same |
US6067185A (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2000-05-23 | E Ink Corporation | Process for creating an encapsulated electrophoretic display |
US6300932B1 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2001-10-09 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays with luminescent particles and materials for making the same |
US6825829B1 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2004-11-30 | E Ink Corporation | Adhesive backed displays |
US6130774A (en) | 1998-04-27 | 2000-10-10 | E Ink Corporation | Shutter mode microencapsulated electrophoretic display |
US6177921B1 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2001-01-23 | E Ink Corporation | Printable electrode structures for displays |
US7247379B2 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2007-07-24 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof |
US6839158B2 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2005-01-04 | E Ink Corporation | Encapsulated electrophoretic displays having a monolayer of capsules and materials and methods for making the same |
US7002728B2 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2006-02-21 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof |
US6252564B1 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2001-06-26 | E Ink Corporation | Tiled displays |
US6232950B1 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2001-05-15 | E Ink Corporation | Rear electrode structures for displays |
JPH11137954A (ja) * | 1997-11-10 | 1999-05-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 重質油焚ボイラ排ガスの処理装置 |
US6054071A (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 2000-04-25 | Xerox Corporation | Poled electrets for gyricon-based electric-paper displays |
DE69917441T2 (de) | 1998-03-18 | 2004-09-23 | E-Ink Corp., Cambridge | Elektrophoretische anzeige |
US6704133B2 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 2004-03-09 | E-Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display overlays and systems for addressing such displays |
US6753999B2 (en) | 1998-03-18 | 2004-06-22 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays in portable devices and systems for addressing such displays |
US7075502B1 (en) * | 1998-04-10 | 2006-07-11 | E Ink Corporation | Full color reflective display with multichromatic sub-pixels |
WO1999053371A1 (en) * | 1998-04-10 | 1999-10-21 | E-Ink Corporation | Electronic displays using organic-based field effect transistors |
US6473072B1 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 2002-10-29 | E Ink Corporation | Microencapsulated electrophoretic electrostatically-addressed media for drawing device applications |
US6241921B1 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 2001-06-05 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Heterogeneous display elements and methods for their fabrication |
DE69907744T2 (de) | 1998-06-22 | 2003-11-20 | E Ink Corp | Verfahren zur adressierung mikrogekapselter anzeigemedia |
DE69904185T2 (de) * | 1998-07-08 | 2003-03-27 | E Ink Corp | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum messen des zustandes einer elektrophoretischen anzeigevorrichtung |
US20020113770A1 (en) | 1998-07-08 | 2002-08-22 | Joseph M. Jacobson | Methods for achieving improved color in microencapsulated electrophoretic devices |
US20030102858A1 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2003-06-05 | E Ink Corporation | Method and apparatus for determining properties of an electrophoretic display |
DE69901120T2 (de) | 1998-07-22 | 2002-12-19 | E Ink Corp | Elektronische anzeige |
USD485294S1 (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2004-01-13 | E Ink Corporation | Electrode structure for an electronic display |
US7256766B2 (en) | 1998-08-27 | 2007-08-14 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic display comprising optical biasing element |
US6184856B1 (en) * | 1998-09-16 | 2001-02-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Transmissive electrophoretic display with laterally adjacent color cells |
US6144361A (en) | 1998-09-16 | 2000-11-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Transmissive electrophoretic display with vertical electrodes |
US6271823B1 (en) | 1998-09-16 | 2001-08-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Reflective electrophoretic display with laterally adjacent color cells using a reflective panel |
US6225971B1 (en) | 1998-09-16 | 2001-05-01 | International Business Machines Corporation | Reflective electrophoretic display with laterally adjacent color cells using an absorbing panel |
AU6295899A (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2000-04-26 | E-Ink Corporation | Illumination system for nonemissive electronic displays |
US6262833B1 (en) | 1998-10-07 | 2001-07-17 | E Ink Corporation | Capsules for electrophoretic displays and methods for making the same |
US6128124A (en) | 1998-10-16 | 2000-10-03 | Xerox Corporation | Additive color electric paper without registration or alignment of individual elements |
EP1127309A1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 2001-08-29 | E Ink Corporation | Broadcast system for display devices made of electronic ink |
US20070285385A1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 2007-12-13 | E Ink Corporation | Broadcast system for electronic ink signs |
US6097531A (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2000-08-01 | Xerox Corporation | Method of making uniformly magnetized elements for a gyricon display |
US6147791A (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2000-11-14 | Xerox Corporation | Gyricon displays utilizing rotating elements and magnetic latching |
US6506438B2 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 2003-01-14 | E Ink Corporation | Method for printing of transistor arrays on plastic substrates |
US6312304B1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 2001-11-06 | E Ink Corporation | Assembly of microencapsulated electronic displays |
US6724519B1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2004-04-20 | E-Ink Corporation | Protective electrodes for electrophoretic displays |
US6327072B1 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2001-12-04 | E Ink Corporation | Microcell electrophoretic displays |
JP4582914B2 (ja) * | 1999-04-06 | 2010-11-17 | イー インク コーポレイション | カプセルベースの起電ディスプレイにおける使用のための液滴を作製するための方法 |
US6498114B1 (en) | 1999-04-09 | 2002-12-24 | E Ink Corporation | Method for forming a patterned semiconductor film |
US6842657B1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2005-01-11 | E Ink Corporation | Reactive formation of dielectric layers and protection of organic layers in organic semiconductor device fabrication |
US7119772B2 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2006-10-10 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein |
US6531997B1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2003-03-11 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for addressing electrophoretic displays |
US6504524B1 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2003-01-07 | E Ink Corporation | Addressing methods for displays having zero time-average field |
US7012600B2 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2006-03-14 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein |
US7119759B2 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2006-10-10 | E Ink Corporation | Machine-readable displays |
US6693620B1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2004-02-17 | E Ink Corporation | Threshold addressing of electrophoretic displays |
US7038655B2 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2006-05-02 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic ink composed of particles with field dependent mobilities |
US8115729B2 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2012-02-14 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic display element with filler particles |
US8009348B2 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2011-08-30 | E Ink Corporation | Machine-readable displays |
US7030412B1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2006-04-18 | E Ink Corporation | Minimally-patterned semiconductor devices for display applications |
DE60045738D1 (de) | 1999-07-01 | 2011-04-28 | E Ink Corp | Elektrophoretisches medium versehen mit abstandselementen |
EP1196814A1 (en) * | 1999-07-21 | 2002-04-17 | E Ink Corporation | Use of a storage capacitor to enhance the performance of an active matrix driven electronic display |
ATE450895T1 (de) | 1999-07-21 | 2009-12-15 | E Ink Corp | Bevorzugte methode, elektrische leiterbahnen für die kontrolle eines elektronischen displays herzustellen |
EP1208603A1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2002-05-29 | E Ink Corporation | Transistor for an electronically driven display |
AU7094400A (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2001-03-26 | E-Ink Corporation | A solvent annealing process for forming a thin semiconductor film with advantageous properties |
CA2385721C (en) * | 1999-10-11 | 2009-04-07 | University College Dublin | Electrochromic device |
US6672921B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2004-01-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Manufacturing process for electrophoretic display |
US6788449B2 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2004-09-07 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
AU2001253209A1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-23 | Add-Vision, Inc. | Graphic sign display with integral electroluminescent lamp |
DE60139463D1 (de) | 2000-04-18 | 2009-09-17 | E Ink Corp | Prozess zur herstellung von dünnfilmtransistoren |
US7893435B2 (en) | 2000-04-18 | 2011-02-22 | E Ink Corporation | Flexible electronic circuits and displays including a backplane comprising a patterned metal foil having a plurality of apertures extending therethrough |
US20020060321A1 (en) | 2000-07-14 | 2002-05-23 | Kazlas Peter T. | Minimally- patterned, thin-film semiconductor devices for display applications |
US7236290B1 (en) | 2000-07-25 | 2007-06-26 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium with improved stability |
US6816147B2 (en) | 2000-08-17 | 2004-11-09 | E Ink Corporation | Bistable electro-optic display, and method for addressing same |
TW490563B (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-06-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Regulable test integrated circuit (IC) system for signal noise and its measurement method |
EP1340216A2 (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2003-09-03 | E Ink Corporation | Addressing circuitry for large electronic displays |
US20020090980A1 (en) | 2000-12-05 | 2002-07-11 | Wilcox Russell J. | Displays for portable electronic apparatus |
AU2002250304A1 (en) | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-24 | E Ink Corporation | Apparatus for displaying drawings |
EP1390810B1 (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2006-04-26 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium with improved image stability |
US8390918B2 (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2013-03-05 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment |
US7679814B2 (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2010-03-16 | E Ink Corporation | Materials for use in electrophoretic displays |
US7230750B2 (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2007-06-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic media and processes for the production thereof |
US20050156340A1 (en) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-07-21 | E Ink Corporation | Preparation of capsules |
US6580545B2 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2003-06-17 | E Ink Corporation | Electrochromic-nanoparticle displays |
WO2002093245A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays containing magnetic particles |
JP4188091B2 (ja) | 2001-05-15 | 2008-11-26 | イー インク コーポレイション | 電気泳動粒子 |
US7110163B2 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2006-09-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display and lamination adhesive for use therein |
US6982178B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2006-01-03 | E Ink Corporation | Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays |
WO2003007066A2 (en) | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-23 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optical display having a lamination adhesive layer |
US7535624B2 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2009-05-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display and materials for use therein |
EP1407320B1 (en) | 2001-07-09 | 2006-12-20 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display and adhesive composition |
US6967640B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2005-11-22 | E Ink Corporation | Microencapsulated electrophoretic display with integrated driver |
US6819471B2 (en) | 2001-08-16 | 2004-11-16 | E Ink Corporation | Light modulation by frustration of total internal reflection |
US6825970B2 (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2004-11-30 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for addressing electro-optic materials |
EP1429178A4 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2005-11-02 | Bridgestone Corp | PARTICLES AND IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE |
US8125501B2 (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2012-02-28 | E Ink Corporation | Voltage modulated driver circuits for electro-optic displays |
US7528822B2 (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2009-05-05 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electro-optic displays |
US7202847B2 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2007-04-10 | E Ink Corporation | Voltage modulated driver circuits for electro-optic displays |
US7952557B2 (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2011-05-31 | E Ink Corporation | Methods and apparatus for driving electro-optic displays |
US8558783B2 (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2013-10-15 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays with reduced remnant voltage |
US20050259068A1 (en) | 2001-12-10 | 2005-11-24 | Norio Nihei | Image display |
WO2003050607A1 (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic electronic displays with films having a low index of refraction |
US6900851B2 (en) | 2002-02-08 | 2005-05-31 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays and optical systems for addressing such displays |
KR100639547B1 (ko) | 2002-02-15 | 2006-10-30 | 가부시키가이샤 브리지스톤 | 화상표시장치 |
AU2003213409A1 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2003-09-16 | Bridgestone Corporation | Image displaying apparatus and method |
US6950220B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2005-09-27 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same |
CN1653694B (zh) | 2002-04-17 | 2010-11-24 | 株式会社普利司通 | 图像显示设备 |
US7223672B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2007-05-29 | E Ink Corporation | Processes for forming backplanes for electro-optic displays |
US7190008B2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2007-03-13 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and components for use therein |
EP1497867A2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2005-01-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electronic displays |
AU2003235215A1 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2003-11-10 | Bridgestone Corporation | Particle for image display and its apparatus |
US6958848B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2005-10-25 | E Ink Corporation | Capsules, materials for use therein and electrophoretic media and displays containing such capsules |
US7180949B2 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2007-02-20 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | High-speed chip-to-chip communication interface |
US7843621B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2010-11-30 | E Ink Corporation | Components and testing methods for use in the production of electro-optic displays |
US7649674B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2010-01-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display with edge seal |
US7583427B2 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2009-09-01 | E Ink Corporation | Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays |
US7110164B2 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2006-09-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof |
US20080024482A1 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2008-01-31 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electro-optic displays |
WO2004001498A1 (ja) * | 2002-06-21 | 2003-12-31 | Bridgestone Corporation | 画像表示装置及び画像表示装置の製造方法 |
US6842279B2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2005-01-11 | E Ink Corporation | Illumination system for nonemissive electronic displays |
US7030750B2 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2006-04-18 | Bert Taeho Lee | Detachable entrance and exit gate with a combined commodity burglarproofing and small arms detecting system |
JPWO2004008239A1 (ja) * | 2002-07-17 | 2005-11-10 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 画像表示装置 |
EP1527371B1 (en) | 2002-08-06 | 2012-10-03 | E Ink Corporation | Protection of electro-optic displays against thermal effects |
US7312916B2 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2007-12-25 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic media containing specularly reflective particles |
JP4564355B2 (ja) | 2002-09-03 | 2010-10-20 | イー インク コーポレイション | 気体状懸濁流体を有する電気泳動媒体 |
US7839564B2 (en) | 2002-09-03 | 2010-11-23 | E Ink Corporation | Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays |
JP2004151528A (ja) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-27 | Bridgestone Corp | 薄膜表示素子保護用バリヤー膜 |
WO2004059378A2 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2004-07-15 | E Ink Corporation | Backplanes for electro-optic displays |
JP4657727B2 (ja) | 2002-12-17 | 2011-03-23 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 画像表示パネルの製造方法、画像表示装置の製造方法、及び、画像表示装置 |
US6922276B2 (en) | 2002-12-23 | 2005-07-26 | E Ink Corporation | Flexible electro-optic displays |
US20060214906A1 (en) | 2002-12-24 | 2006-09-28 | Bridgestone Corporation | Image display |
US6987603B2 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-01-17 | E Ink Corporation | Construction of electrophoretic displays |
US7036290B1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2006-05-02 | Martin Wendell S | Lifter ring rotation control |
EP2423740A3 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2012-05-30 | Bridgestone Corporation | Image display panel and image display device |
JP2004258209A (ja) | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Bridgestone Corp | 反射防止フィルム |
US7910175B2 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2011-03-22 | E Ink Corporation | Processes for the production of electrophoretic displays |
US7339715B2 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2008-03-04 | E Ink Corporation | Processes for the production of electrophoretic displays |
WO2004088395A2 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2004-10-14 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic assemblies |
US7236291B2 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2007-06-26 | Bridgestone Corporation | Particle use for image display media, image display panel using the particles, and image display device |
EP1623405B1 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2015-07-29 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays |
EP1634697B1 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2014-08-27 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Transparent gas barrier multilayer film, electroluminescent light-emitting device using same, electroluminescent display, and electrophoretic display panel |
US8174490B2 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2012-05-08 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electrophoretic displays |
US20050122563A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2005-06-09 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays |
US7321916B2 (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2008-01-22 | Intel Corporation | Methods and apparatus for extracting integer remainders |
EP1656658A4 (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2009-12-30 | E Ink Corp | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRIC OPTICAL DISPLAYS |
WO2005029458A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-03-31 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for reducing edge effects in electro-optic displays |
US8300006B2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2012-10-30 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic display unit |
JP4739218B2 (ja) | 2003-10-08 | 2011-08-03 | イー インク コーポレイション | エレクトロウェッティングディスプレイ |
US20050122306A1 (en) | 2003-10-29 | 2005-06-09 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays with single edge addressing and removable driver circuitry |
JP5337344B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-05 | 2013-11-06 | イー インク コーポレイション | 電気光学ディスプレイ |
US8177942B2 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2012-05-15 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein |
US7551346B2 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2009-06-23 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein |
US7672040B2 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2010-03-02 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein |
GB0327093D0 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2003-12-24 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Active matrix displays and other electronic devices having plastic substrates |
US8928562B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2015-01-06 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same |
WO2005052905A1 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2005-06-09 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | A display apparatus with a display device and a cyclic rail-stabilized method of driving the display device |
US7206119B2 (en) | 2003-12-31 | 2007-04-17 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and method for driving same |
US7388572B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2008-06-17 | E Ink Corporation | Backplanes for electro-optic displays |
US20080130092A1 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2008-06-05 | E Ink Corporation | Light modulators |
US7492339B2 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2009-02-17 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays |
US8289250B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2012-10-16 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electro-optic displays |
US20050253777A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-11-17 | E Ink Corporation | Tiled displays and methods for driving same |
WO2006015044A1 (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2006-02-09 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays |
US20080136774A1 (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2008-06-12 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces |
US7453445B2 (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2008-11-18 | E Ink Corproation | Methods for driving electro-optic displays |
WO2006081305A2 (en) | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-03 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays using gaseous fluids |
JP4718859B2 (ja) | 2005-02-17 | 2011-07-06 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動装置とその駆動方法、及び電子機器 |
JP4690079B2 (ja) | 2005-03-04 | 2011-06-01 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動装置とその駆動方法、及び電子機器 |
WO2007002452A2 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2007-01-04 | E Ink Corporation | Edge seals and processes for electro-optic displays |
US20080043318A1 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2008-02-21 | E Ink Corporation | Color electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof |
US20070091417A1 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-04-26 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic media and displays with improved binder |
US7733554B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2010-06-08 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof |
US8390301B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2013-03-05 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof |
US7843624B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2010-11-30 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof |
US8610988B2 (en) | 2006-03-09 | 2013-12-17 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic display with edge seal |
US7952790B2 (en) | 2006-03-22 | 2011-05-31 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic media produced using ink jet printing |
US7903319B2 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2011-03-08 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium and display with improved image stability |
US8018640B2 (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2011-09-13 | E Ink Corporation | Particles for use in electrophoretic displays |
US20080024429A1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-31 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays using gaseous fluids |
US7492497B2 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2009-02-17 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-layer light modulator |
US7477444B2 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2009-01-13 | E Ink Corporation & Air Products And Chemical, Inc. | Electro-optic display and materials for use therein |
US7649666B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2010-01-19 | E Ink Corporation | Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays |
TWI386313B (zh) | 2007-01-22 | 2013-02-21 | E Ink Corp | 用於光電顯示器之多層薄片 |
US7688497B2 (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2010-03-30 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-layer sheet for use in electro-optic displays |
CN101681211A (zh) | 2007-05-21 | 2010-03-24 | 伊英克公司 | 用于驱动视频电光显示器的方法 |
US9199441B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2015-12-01 | E Ink Corporation | Processes for the production of electro-optic displays, and color filters for use therein |
US8034209B2 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2011-10-11 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-01-22 TW TW97102284A patent/TWI386313B/zh active
- 2008-01-22 CN CN2008800027882A patent/CN101836167B/zh active Active
- 2008-01-22 WO PCT/US2008/051629 patent/WO2008091850A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-01-22 EP EP08728037.6A patent/EP2111562B1/en active Active
- 2008-01-22 KR KR1020097015374A patent/KR101256709B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2008-01-22 US US12/017,586 patent/US7667886B2/en active Active
-
2009
- 2009-12-10 US US12/635,082 patent/US8009344B2/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-10-18 HK HK10109864A patent/HK1143424A1/xx unknown
-
2011
- 2011-07-28 US US13/193,050 patent/US8498042B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6407847B1 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2002-06-18 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic medium having a color stability |
US6743524B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2004-06-01 | General Electric Company | Barrier layer for an article and method of making said barrier layer by expanding thermal plasma |
US20040155857A1 (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-08-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays |
US20050168801A1 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-08-04 | E Ink Corporation | Process for sealing electro-optic displays |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100118384A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
US8009344B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 |
US20080174853A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
US7667886B2 (en) | 2010-02-23 |
EP2111562A2 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
US20110286086A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
CN101836167A (zh) | 2010-09-15 |
WO2008091850A2 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
KR20090102823A (ko) | 2009-09-30 |
US8498042B2 (en) | 2013-07-30 |
TW200838698A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
WO2008091850A3 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
EP2111562A4 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
KR101256709B1 (ko) | 2013-04-19 |
HK1143424A1 (en) | 2010-12-31 |
EP2111562B1 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
CN101836167B (zh) | 2013-11-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI386313B (zh) | 用於光電顯示器之多層薄片 | |
US7688497B2 (en) | Multi-layer sheet for use in electro-optic displays | |
JP6545769B2 (ja) | 電気光学ディスプレイ | |
KR101819411B1 (ko) | 에지 시일을 구비한 전기-광학 디스플레이 | |
US7791782B2 (en) | Electro-optics displays, and processes for the production thereof | |
JP2009529711A (ja) | エッジシールを有する電気光学表示素子 | |
JP2012042794A (ja) | 電子ペーパー用カラーフィルタ部材、電子ペーパー、およびそれらの製造方法 | |
US20220334448A1 (en) | Electrophoretic display with low profile edge seal | |
TW202349076A (zh) | 用於經由電泳介質產生影像之包含圖案化壓電極性的壓電電泳膜 | |
CN117063116A (zh) | 具有窄型边缘密封件的电泳显示器 |