CN116430639A - 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板 - Google Patents

用于电光显示器的可渗透背板 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN116430639A
CN116430639A CN202310413051.6A CN202310413051A CN116430639A CN 116430639 A CN116430639 A CN 116430639A CN 202310413051 A CN202310413051 A CN 202310413051A CN 116430639 A CN116430639 A CN 116430639A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
electro
electrode
substrate
optic
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310413051.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
J·W·安塞斯
R·J·小保利尼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
E Ink Corp
Original Assignee
E Ink Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by E Ink Corp filed Critical E Ink Corp
Publication of CN116430639A publication Critical patent/CN116430639A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/16755—Substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/0073—Optical laminates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1676—Electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B32B2037/243—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
    • B32B2457/206—Organic displays, e.g. OLED
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1303—Apparatus specially adapted to the manufacture of LCDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/16757—Microcapsules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
    • G02F1/1681—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells having two or more microcells partitioned by walls, e.g. of microcup type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/17—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
    • G02F1/172—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169 based on a suspension of orientable dipolar particles, e.g. suspended particles displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/344—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices

Abstract

用于电光显示器的背板包括电极和基底。基底可以渗透例如水的液体，并可由纤维素或类似的亲水性聚合物形成。电极理想地也能渗透与基底相同的液体，使得电极不在基底上形成不透液体的区域。例如，当液体是水(或水溶液)时，电极可由亲水性碳黑形成，亲水性碳黑可被涂布或丝网印刷到基底上。

Description

用于电光显示器的可渗透背板
相关申请
本申请是申请日为2018年3月27日、申请号为201880016236.0、发明名称为“用于电光显示器的可渗透背板”的申请的分案申请。
本申请要求于2017年3月28日提交的美国临时申请No.62/477,505的优先权，该临时申请的全部内容通过引用被并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于电光显示器、特别是电泳显示器的背板。
发明内容
本发明提供用于电光显示器的背板，背板包括布置在基底上的至少一个电极，其中基底或电极或两者是能渗透液体的。背板可以是例如能渗透水的，且基底可例如由纤维素或类似的亲水性聚合物形成。
在本发明的背板中，电极理想地是具有能渗透与基底相同的液体的类型，使得电极不在基底上形成不透液体的区域。例如，当液体是水(或水溶液)时，电极可由亲水性碳黑形成，亲水性碳黑可被涂布或丝网印刷到基底上。
本发明还提供一种电光显示器，其包括：电光材料层，其包括连续相，连续相包括液体；以及背板，其包括与该电光材料层接触的至少一个(背板)电极和能渗透所述液体的基底。电光材料可以是包括布置在流体中并能够在电场的影响下移动穿过流体的多个带电粒子的电泳材料。带电粒子和流体可被限制在多个囊体或微单元内。可替换地，带电粒子和流体可被呈现为由包括聚合物材料的连续相包围的多个分立液滴。
本发明的电光显示器还可包括从背板电极与该电光材料层的相对侧接触的至少一个(前)电极，且还可包括布置成支撑前电极的前基底。可替换地，显示器可包括没有前电极的前基底。背板和前电极中的至少一个(通常是后者)应是透光的(该术语在本文用于意指该层透射足够的光以使观察者穿过那层能够观察到在电光介质的显示状态中的变化)，且如果前电极是透光的，则存在的任何前基底也应是透光的。
本发明还提供用于形成电光显示器的第一工艺，该工艺包括：
提供前基底；
在前基底上形成包括液体的电光材料层；
使该电光材料层的被暴露表面与包括布置在基底上的至少一个电极的背板接触，基底是能渗透该液体的；以及
其后对包括前基底、该电光材料层和背板的组合组件施加条件，以有效地使液体穿过可渗透基底扩散并从组合组件移除，从而使该电光材料层形成将前基底和背板固定到彼此的连贯层。
本发明还提供用于形成电光显示器的第二工艺，该工艺包括：
提供前基底，其具有在其中的多个腔；
将电光材料布置在腔内；
在腔内的电光材料之上形成密封材料层，密封材料包括液体；
使密封材料的被暴露表面与包括布置在基底上的至少一个电极的背板接触，基底是能渗透该液体的；以及
其后对包括前基底、电光材料、密封材料和背板的组合组件施加条件，以有效地使液体穿过可渗透基底扩散并从组合组件移除，从而使该密封材料层形成将前基底和背板固定到彼此的连贯层。
本发明的第一和第二工艺在液体的移除之后，可包括将背板基底和电极切块以形成多个分立电极的额外步骤。
附图说明
附图的图1是通过本发明的第一工艺中的第一步骤的示意性横截面并示出在前基底上形成的电光材料层。
图2是类似于图1的示意性横截面但示出第一工艺的第二步骤的示意性横截面，在该第二步骤中背板与电光层的被暴露表面接触。
图3是示出图1和2的工艺可如何在卷到卷基础上被执行的示意性横截面。
图4是类似于图1和2的示意性横截面但示出本发明的第二工艺的第一步骤的示意性横截面，在该第一步骤中电光材料被填充到基底中的腔内且密封材料被施加。
图5是类似于图3的示意性横截面但示出本发明的第二工艺的第二步骤的示意性横截面，在该第二步骤中背板与密封材料的被暴露表面接触。
具体实施方式
如上面所指示的，本发明提供用于电光显示器的背板和用于生产这样的显示器的工艺，背板包括布置在能渗透液体的基底上的至少一个电极，电光显示器包括这样的背板。
本发明被设计成解决或减轻在固态电光显示器的生产中长时间遇到的某些问题，固态电光显示器是在本文用于意指显示器的术语，其中电光材料在它具有固态外表面的意义上是固态的，虽然该材料可以且常常具有内部液体或气体填充的空间。因此，术语“固态电光显示器”包括旋转双色构件显示器、封装电泳显示器、微单元电泳显示器和封装液晶显示器。
存在关于这样的固态电光显示器和用于它们的生产的工艺的大量的文献。例如，在美国专利No.5,808,783、5,777,782、5,760,761、6,054,071、6,055,091、6,097,531、6,128,124、6,137,467以及6,147,791中描述了旋转双色构件型显示器(尽管这种类型的显示器通常被称为“旋转双色球”显示器，但术语“旋转双色构件”优选为更精确，因为在以上提到的一些专利中，旋转构件不是球形的)。这种显示器使用许多小的主体(通常球形或圆柱形的)和内部偶极子，主体包括具有不同光学特性的两个或更多个部分。这些主体悬浮在基质内的填充有液体的空泡内，空泡填充有液体以使得主体自由旋转。显示器的外观通过以下而改变：将电场施加至显示器，由此将主体旋转至各个位置，并改变通过观察表面看到的主体的哪一部分。
在Hayes,R.A.等人的"Video-Speed Electronic Paper Based onElectrowetting",Nature,425,383-385(2003)和美国专利No.7,420,549中描述了电润湿显示器。
在转让给麻省理工学院(MIT)、伊英克(E Ink)公司、伊英克加利福尼亚有限责任公司和相关公司或以它们的名义的许多专利和申请中描述了封装的和微单元电泳和其他电光介质。封装的电泳介质包括许多小囊体，每一个小囊体本身包括内部相以及包围内部相的囊壁，其中所述内部相含有在流体介质中的可电泳移动的粒子。通常，这些囊体本身保持在聚合粘合剂中以形成位于两个电极之间的连贯层。通常，电极之一是透光的，即，电极透射足够的光以使穿过电极看的观察者能够观察在电光介质的显示状态中的变化。在微单元电泳显示器中，带电粒子和流体不被封装在微囊体内，而是保持在载体介质(通常为聚合物薄膜)内形成的多个腔内。在这些专利和申请中描述的技术包括：
(a)电泳粒子、流体和流体添加剂；参见例如美国专利No.7,002,728和7,679,814；
(b)囊体、粘合剂和封装工艺；参见例如美国专利6,922,276和7,411,719；
(c)微单元结构、壁材料和形成微单元的方法；参见例如美国专利No.7,072,095和9,279,906；
(d)用于填充和密封微单元的方法；参见例如美国专利No.7,144,942和7,715,088；
(e)包含电光材料的薄膜和子组件；参见例如美国专利No.6,825,829、6,982,178、7,112,114、7,158,282、7,236,292、7,443,571、7,513,813、7,561,324、7,636,191、7,649,666、7,728,811、7,729,039、7,791,782、7,839,564、7,843,621、7,843,624、8,034,209、8,068,272、8,077,381、8,177,942、8,390,301、8,482,835、8,786,929、8,830,553、8,854,721、9,075,280和9,238,340以及美国专利申请公开No.2007/0237962、2009/0109519、2009/0168067、2011/0164301、2014/0115884和2014/0340738；
(f)用于显示器中的背板、粘合剂层和其他辅助层以及方法；参见例如美国专利No.D485,294、6,124,851、6,130,773、6,177,921、6,232,950、6,252,564、6,312,304、6,312,971、6,376,828、6,392,786、6,413,790、6,422,687、6,445,374、6,480,182、6,498,114、6,506,438、6,518,949、6,521,489、6,535,197、6,545,291、6,639,578、6,657,772、6,664,944、6,680,725、6,683,333、6,724,519、6,750,473、6,816,147、6,819,471、6,825,068、6,831,769、6,842,167、6,842,279、6,842,657、6,865,010、6,873,452、6,909,532、6,967,640、6,980,196、7,012,735、7,030,412、7,075,703、7,106,296、7,110,163、7,116,318、7,148,128、7,167,155、7,173,752、7,176,880、7,190,008、7,206,119、7,223,672、7,230,751、7,256,766、7,259,744、7,280,094、7,301,693、7,304,780、7,327,511、7,347,957、7,349,148、7,352,353、7,365,394、7,365,733、7,382,363、7,388,572、7,401,758、7,442,587、7,492,497、7,535,624、7,551,346、7,554,712、7,583,427、7,598,173、7,605,799、7,636,191、7,649,674、7,667,886、7,672,040、7,688,497、7,733,335、7,785,988、7,830,592、7,843,626、7,859,637、7,880,958、7,893,435、7,898,717、7,905,977、7,957,053、7,986,450、8,009,344、8,027,081、8,049,947、8,072,675、8,077,141、8,089,453、8,120,836、8,159,636、8,208,193、8,237,892、8,238,021、8,362,488、8,373,211、8,389,381、8,395,836、8,437,069、8,441,414、8,456,589、8,498,042、8,514,168、8,547,628、8,576,162、8,610,988、8,714,780、8,728,266、8,743,077、8,754,859、8,797,258、8,797,633、8,797,636、8,830,560、8,891,155、8,969,886、9,147,364、9,025,234、9,025,238、9,030,374、9,140,952、9,152,003、9,152,004、9,201,279、9,223,164、9,285,648和9,310,661；以及美国专利申请公开No.2002/0060321、2004/0008179、2004/0085619、2004/0105036、2004/0112525、2005/0122306、2005/0122563、2006/0215106、2006/0255322、2007/0052757、2007/0097489、2007/0109219、2008/0061300、2008/0149271、2009/0122389、2009/0315044、2010/0177396、2011/0140744、2011/0187683、2011/0187689、2011/0292319、2013/0250397、2013/0278900、2014/0078024、2014/0139501、2014/0192000、2014/0210701、2014/0300837、2014/0368753、2014/0376164、2015/0171112、2015/0205178、2015/0226986、2015/0227018、2015/0228666、2015/0261057、2015/0356927、2015/0378235、2016/077375、2016/0103380和2016/0187759；以及国际申请公开No.WO 00/38000；欧洲专利No.1,099,207B1和1,145,072B1；
(g)颜色形成和颜色调节；参见例如美国专利No.7,075,502和7,839,564；
(h)用于驱动显示器的方法；参见例如美国专利No.7,012,600和7,453,445；
(i)显示器的应用；参见例如美国专利No.7,312,784和8,009,348；以及
(j)非电泳显示器，如在美国专利No.6,241,921和美国专利申请公开No.2015/0277160中所述；以及除了显示器之外的封装和微单元技术的应用；参见例如美国专利No.7,615,325；以及美国专利申请公开No.2015/0005720和2016/0012710。
前述的很多专利和申请认识到，在封装的电泳介质中围绕离散的微囊体的壁可以由连续相代替，因而产生所谓的聚合物分散的电泳显示器，其中电泳介质包含多个离散的电泳流体微滴以及连续相的聚合物材料，并且即使没有与每个单独的微滴关联的离散的囊膜，也可以把这种聚合物分散的电泳显示器中的电泳流体的离散微滴看作囊体或微囊体；参见例如前述的美国专利No.6,866,760。因此，为了本申请的目的，将这样的聚合物分散的电泳介质看作是封装的电泳介质的子类。
电光显示器通常包括电光材料层和设置在电光材料的相对侧上的至少两个其他层，这两个层中的一个是电极层。在大多数这样的显示器中，两个层都是电极层，并且一个或两个电极层被图案化以限定显示器的像素。例如，一个电极层可以被图案化成细长的行电极，而另一个电极层被图案化成与行电极成直角延伸的细长的列电极，这些像素由行电极和列电极的交叉点限定。可替换地，并且更常见地，一个电极层具有单个连续电极的形式，另一个电极层被图案化为像素电极的矩阵，每个像素电极限定显示器的一个像素。在另一种类型的电光显示器中，其旨在与触笔、打印头或与显示器分离的类似可移动电极一起使用，与电光层相邻的层中只有一个层包括电极，电光层的相对侧上的层通常是用于防止可移动电极损坏电光层的保护层。
几种不同的方法用于产生这样的三层结构。例如，在美国专利No.6,839,158和6,982,178以及几个其它前面提到的专利和申请中，描述了一种工艺，其中将包含可流动粘合剂中的囊体的封装电泳介质涂布到在塑料薄膜上包含氧化铟锡(ITO)或类似的导电涂层(其用作最终显示器的一个电极)的柔性基底上，囊体/粘合剂涂层被干燥以从粘合剂移除液体(通常为水)并形成牢固地粘附到基底上的电泳介质的连贯层。单独地，制备背板，其包含像素电极阵列和适当的导体布置以将像素电极连接到驱动电路。为了形成最终显示器，使用层压粘合剂将其上具有囊体/粘合剂层的基底层压到背板上。(通过用简单的保护层(例如塑料薄膜)替换背板，可以使用非常类似的工艺来制备可与触笔或类似的可移动电极一起使用的电泳显示器，触笔或其他可移动电极可以在保护层上滑动。)在这种工艺的一种优选形式中，背板本身是柔性的，并且通过在塑料薄膜或其它柔性基底上印刷像素电极和导体来制备。通过该工艺大规模生产显示器的明显层压技术是使用层压粘合剂进行辊层压。
美国专利No.6,866,760和7,079,305描述了用于形成聚合物分散的电泳显示器的类似工艺。在这种情况下，使用在含水粘合剂中的内相(电泳粒子加上分散介质)的乳剂来形成初始涂层。粘合剂如前面所述地干燥，永久地封装内相并形成连贯层。
在描述所谓的“双释放片”、特别是前面提到的美国专利No.6,982,178的前平面层压板的简化版本的美国专利No.7,561,324中描述了这个工艺的一个变形。一种形式的双释放片包括夹在两个粘合剂层之间的固态电光介质层，粘合剂层中的一个或两个由释放片覆盖。另一形式的双释放片包括夹在两个释放片之间的固态电光介质层。在通常与使用已经描述的前平面层压板的工艺的类似但涉及两次单独层压的工艺中使用这两种形式的双释放薄膜；通常，在第一次层压中，双释放片被层压到前电极以形成前子组件，以及然后在第二次层压中，前子组件被层压到背板以形成最终显示器，虽然这两次层压的顺序可以根据需要反转。(当没有粘合剂层的双释放片的形式被使用时，必要的粘合剂层必须设置在前子组件或背板的面向电光介质的表面上。)
在美国专利No.7,839,564中描述了该工艺的另一变形；这个变形使用所谓的“反转的前平面层压板”——上面所述的前平面层压板的一种变形。这个反转的前平面层压板按顺序包括透光保护层和透光导电层中的至少一个、粘合剂层、固态电光介质层、以及释放片。这个反转的前平面层压板用于形成具有在电光层和前电极或前基底之间的层压粘合剂层的电光显示器；粘合剂的第二通常薄的层可以或可以不存在于电光层和背板之间。这样的电光显示器可组合良好的分辨率与良好的低温性能。
微单元显示器以稍微不同的方式被制造。首先通常通过在包含开放腔或凹槽的阵列的半固态聚合物层上压花来制备基底。通常通过使介质跨越基底流动并用刮片移除多余的介质来用电光介质填充腔。密封层在腔的开口之上形成并被干燥或以其他方式硬化以形成连贯密封层。最后，在密封层之上层压粘合剂层(通常被支撑在释放片上)。在该工艺的后一步骤中，移除释放片(如果存在)且将粘合剂层层压到背板。
所有这些工艺遭受两个问题。第一个问题是每个工艺涉及至少两个且在一些情况下三个层压步骤；最低限度地，存在将粘合剂层附着到电光层的一个层压步骤和将粘合剂层层压到背板的第二步骤。这些层压步骤是慢的，通常以0.5ft/min(大约2.S mm/sec)和在200-250°F(94-121℃)的高温下被进行。这些层压条件可能以稍微不可预测的方式影响在所层压的薄膜中的水分含量，取决于所使用的层压条件以及环境温度和湿度，且电泳和其它电光显示器的电光特性对显示器的水分含量是高度敏感的。第二个问题是每个工艺留下在最终显示器中的电极之间的至少一个且在一些情况下两个层压粘合剂层。该层压粘合剂层具有与电光层本身的电阻串联的相当大的电阻，使得在电极之间的可用电压降的相当大的一部分在整个层压粘合剂中被“浪费”且不可用于驱动电光层。层压粘合剂的电阻可改变(参见例如美国专利No.7,012,735，其描述将离子掺杂剂添加到层压粘合剂以减小它的电阻)，但这样的掺杂涉及它自己的问题，例如在层压粘合剂层外部的移动物质的不需要的迁移，且在任何情况下层压粘合剂层的电阻不能减小得太多或在层压粘合剂层内的横向传导将影响在电光显示器上产生的图像。
企图通过使用辐射固化粘合剂来避免前面提到的问题，辐射固化粘合剂在电光层被涂布和干燥之后通过轧辊层压工艺被施加。然而，该工艺仍然需要辅助层压且仍然留下在最终显示器中的电极之间的粘合剂层，且因此涉及已经讨论的电压降问题。
还企图通过涂布电光层和一个电极通过使用各种涂布方法(包括喷涂)在导电薄膜之上涂布来避免前面提到的问题。然而，难以使用喷涂来涂布很多电光层(例如封装电泳层)而不留下在所涂布的电光层中的一些间隙或“针孔”，且如果电极层随后被涂布在包含针孔的电光层之上，则所涂布的电极层将与导电薄膜短路，不利地影响或破坏显示器的电光特性。此外，在干燥的电光层之上的电极层的喷涂不可避免地涉及用液体重新润湿干燥的电光层，这可使电光层的液体含量改变，导致前面讨论的问题。
已知(参见美国专利No.7,110,164和9,470,950)提供具有粘合剂的封装电泳显示层，粘合剂也可以起层压粘合剂的作用。这需要当被干燥时将在不大于大约150℃的温度下流动的粘合剂。这极大地限制可被使用的粘合剂的范围，且可能因此在找到与电泳层的其它成分相容的粘合剂时造成问题。此外，这样的粘结剂/粘合剂用于形成电光显示器所借助于的工艺非常不同于本发明的工艺。包括这样的粘结剂/粘合剂的电泳层以正常方式被涂布并被干燥。在干燥和冷却之后，电泳显示器层然后通常在与背板接触的热层压机中被重新加热，以形成最终显示器。相反，如已经提到的，在本发明的第一工艺中，包含粘结剂的电光层被涂布，且当这个所涂布的层仍然是湿的时，背板与其接触。只有在背板处于适当的位置之后，电光层才被干燥以将背板固定到电光层。
如已经提到的，本发明的背板包括布置在能渗透液体的基底上的至少一个电极。背板能渗透的液体应是存在于电光材料或密封材料的连续相中的液体，而不是可能存在于电光材料内的内腔或微囊体中的液体。例如，连续相可包括水溶性聚氨酯，其粘度(和导电率)是水含量的函数。大部分电泳材料使用存在于内腔或微囊体内的内相中的疏水性(和通常碳氢化合物)液体，因为这样的疏水性材料具有高电阻(因而减小显示器的功耗)且不易受电解的影响。这样的电泳材料的粘结剂或连续相通常是含水的，且因此背板基底应该是能渗透水的。各种亲水性聚合物(包括纤维素和类似的多糖)中的任一种可因此用作背板聚合物。
背板的尽可能大的部分能渗透液体显然是合乎需要的，因为任何不能渗透的区域的存在可能导致电光材料的不均匀干燥，对其电光特性的均匀性有随之而来的不利影响。因此，一般应避免在背板上的常规金属电极的存在。优选类型的电极包括导电亲水性颗粒状材料(例如亲水碳黑)的大量小粒子，电极通过涂布或印刷工艺来形成，涂布或印刷工艺留下能渗透液体的电极。尽管如此，在某些应用中，透明金属栅电极，例如蚀刻的高透射金属丝网、穿孔纳米线组件和接触印刷纳米粒子薄膜也可用作适当的可渗透电极。在一些实施方式中，将结合透明金属栅电极来使用单独的初轧层以产生电泳介质的更均匀的切换。
在本发明的电光显示器中使用的前基底可具有在现有技术中已知的任何类型，如例如在上面提到的专利和所公布的申请中描述的。通常，前基底将包括在例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的聚合物薄膜上的薄透光导电层(例如常常通过溅射而施加的氧化铟锡层或类似的陶瓷；导电有机聚合物、石墨或金属微丝可代替陶瓷来被使用)，虽然在一些情况下，如例如在被预期用触笔或类似装置被写入的显示器中，可省略导电层。可以用在现有技术中已知的任何方式来实现在前基底上的电光层的涂布。此外，可在本发明的显示器中使用任何已知的密封材料，假定密封材料与电极和在背板中使用的基底材料相容。
涂布到前基底上的封装电泳材料层的暴露表面常常是非平面的，因为单独的囊体倾向于在粘结剂的表面之上突出，且在现有技术的电泳显示器中，与电泳材料层接触的粘合剂或其它层用于平面化电泳材料的表面。在本工艺中使用的背板可实现这样的平面化，但应小心确保用足够的压力将背板施加到电泳材料层以确保电泳材料层被平面化以及其所有部分与背板接触，因为在这两层之间的任何空隙可能不利地影响显示器的电光性能。
在本发明的工艺中，在原则上以与在现有技术中相同的方式实现液体从电光材料或密封材料的移除。然而，可能必须(例如通过使用较长的干燥时间和/或较高的干燥温度)稍微调节用于液体移除的条件，以考虑到对液体通过背板基底而扩散的需要。当然也必须确保用于干燥步骤的条件与用于形成电极和背板的基底的材料相容，以便避免例如在干燥步骤期间电极或基底材料的氧化。如果必要，则干燥步骤可在惰性气体中被执行以避免这样的氧化。
现在将参考附图(虽然仅作为例证)描述本发明的优选实施方式。
附图的图1是通过本发明的第一工艺的第一步骤的示意性横截面，示出借助于狭缝式涂布设备(通常被指定为100)来沉积在基底108上的封装电泳介质。设备100包括涂布模具102，囊体104和粘结剂106的混合物通过涂布模具102被涂布在基底108上，基底108如图1所示相对于模具102从右移到左，如由箭头指示的。如在现有技术的工艺中的，基底108包括在它的上表面(如图1所示)上支承的聚合物薄膜、导电层，但为了说明起见，该导电层在图1中没有单独地被示出。囊体104和粘结剂106被沉积到基底108的导电层上以在基底108上形成基本均匀的粘性层。
图2示出可渗透背板施加到在图2中产生的所涂布的基板。如可在图2中看到的，可渗透背板包括优选地由亲水性碳黑形成的连续可渗透电极120(多个分立电极可以可替换地被提供)和优选地由纤维素形成的可渗透基底122。可替换地，可渗透电极可由被预先图案化以具有开口的导电亲水性聚合物(例如聚吡咯)形成。可替换地，导电亲水性聚合物可以是掺杂聚合物，例如掺杂有导电材料(例如碳黑、石墨或导电纳米线/纳米管)的聚(乙二醇)。可替换地，可渗透基底可以是纤维玻璃或另一惰性纺织材料。可渗透背板120、122在压力下被层压到粘结剂/囊体层104、106的被暴露表面。如图2所示，每个囊体104包括在电场的存在下移动的带电电泳粒子。在上面列出的专利中描述了用于形成带电电泳介质的囊体的技术。带电电泳粒子可具有不同的颜色，取决于它们的电荷的大小和极性。组合组件然后在足以使存在于粘结剂106中的水的相当大的部分穿过背板120、122扩散并从其被暴露表面蒸发的时间段内被加热到大约60℃，从而使粘结剂106干燥并将背板牢固地粘附到粘结剂/囊体层和前基底以形成本发明的完成的显示器。
在可替换的结构(即，前平面层压板)中，基底108可以是被涂布有一层粘合剂的释放片。在该结构中，因而得到的组件包括连续可渗透电极120、可渗透基底122、以及囊体104和在基底108(即，释放片)上涂布的粘结剂106的混合物。在这个实施方式中，可能是优选的是，连续可渗透电极120和可渗透基底122都是透光的。例如，连续可渗透电极120和可渗透基底122可以是包括用激光器(即，直写激光图案化)钻出的微米尺寸的孔的氧化铟锡(ITO)涂布的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)。可替换地，可使用湿法蚀刻和光刻法来实现图案化的PET-ITO。因此，可渗透基底122和可渗透电极120构成前电极，且因而得到的前平面层压板使用在前面的专利中描述的技术耦合到有源矩阵电极背板。
这样形成的图2所示的显示器只包括单个像素，因为可渗透电极120在整个显示器上是连续的。然而，基底122和电极120可以如在图2中由粗虚线指示的以后被切块(切断或切割)成几片以形成多像素显示器。切块可由激光吻切或其它适当的技术实现。连接器可接着被提供到例如以在美国专利No.6,232,950中描述的方式由此形成的几个分立电极。因而得到的显示器将具有各种分段电极，其可独立地被控制以在显示器的观察侧上提供例如设计、字母、数字或字符。
对在电光显示器的制造中的技术人员来说将容易明显的是，上面参考图1和2所述的工艺可容易地组合到连续的卷到卷操作中，且这样的操作在图3中示意性地示出。如图3所示，从辊(未示出)取出的一片前基底108(例如包括透光前电极和基底)在涂布台302之下经过，涂布台302将囊体/粘结剂涂层304沉积到基底108上。当仍然是湿的时，涂层304与连续的一片可渗透背板320接触且然后立即穿过在两个辊322、324之间的夹持点以将可渗透背板320固定到涂层304。由此产生的基底/涂层/背板组件穿过干燥区326且缠绕到辊328上。显然，如果需要，额外操作(例如激光切割以从背板电极形成分立电极，导体到由此产生的分立电极的供应)可在干燥区326和辊328之间实现。可替换地，从干燥区326出现的连续片的显示器可由适当的切割装置(未示出)切断以形成分立的显示器，且辊328由分立显示器的适当堆叠装置代替。
图4示意性示出用电泳内相填充微单元。对于关于微单元的形成、填充和密封的背景信息，读者参考美国专利No.7,715,088和9,346,987。在图4中，微单元基底402(其中形成多个腔404)如所示从左移到右，如由箭头所指示的。来自储藏器406的内相向下流动并在基底402的表面上形成珠子408。多余的内相由刮刀410移除以留下与分割这些腔的壁的顶部确切地齐平地填充的腔404。
在图4中产生的所填充的基底然后被馈送到图5所示的密封台，其中基底再次如所示从左移到右，如由箭头指示的。来自储藏器412的可流动的密封材料在所填充的基底的表面上形成珠子414。不是用刮刀移除多余的密封材料，如在前面提到的美国专利No.7,715,088中的，被涂布有密封材料的所填充的基底立即与可渗透背板416接触，且该片所填充的基底、密封材料和背板在辊418之下经过，辊418用来控制该层密封材料的厚度。该片可接着如上面参考图3所述的穿过干燥台并接着以片形式卷起或被切断以形成如前所述的单独显示器。
从前文中将看到，本发明可提供电光显示器，其中粘合剂不需要存在于电极之间，因而使在用于驱动电光介质的电极之间的整个电位差成为可能。本发明还消除或减小对在电光显示器的制造期间的缓慢层压步骤的需要。
对本领域中的技术人员将明显的是，可在不偏离本发明的范围的范围的情况下在上面所述的本发明的特定实施方式中做出很多变化和修改。因此，前述描述的全部将在示例性意义上而不是在限制性意义上被解释。

Claims (20)

1.一种电光显示器，包括：
透光前电极；
电光材料层，其相邻于所述透光前电极而布置，所述电光材料包括：(a)包括聚合物材料和液体的连续相，和(b)包含带电粒子和流体的多个囊体，其中，所述带电粒子布置在所述流体中，所述多个囊体分散在所述连续相中，所述带电粒子能够在电场的影响下移动穿过所述流体；以及
背板，其相邻于所述电光材料层并与所述透光前电极相对地布置，所述背板包括背板电极和背板基底，其中所述背板电极与所述电光材料层接触，以及所述背板基底能渗透所述液体。
2.如权利要求1所述的电光显示器，其中所述流体不同于所述液体。
3.如权利要求1所述的电光显示器，其中所述流体是疏水性的。
4.如权利要求1所述的电光显示器，其中所述液体包括水。
5.如权利要求1所述的电光显示器，还包括布置成支撑所述透光前电极的前基底。
6.如权利要求1所述的电光显示器，其中所述背板基底包括可渗透亲水性聚合物。
7.如权利要求6所述的电光显示器，其中所述背板基底包括纤维素。
8.如权利要求1所述的电光显示器，其中所述背板电极包括碳黑。
9.如权利要求8所述的电光显示器，其中所述背板电极被涂布或丝网印刷到所述背板基底上。
10.如权利要求1所述的电光显示器，其中所述背板电极是可渗透的。
11.如权利要求10所述的电光显示器，其中所述背板电极是金属栅电极。
12.如权利要求10所述的电光显示器，其中所述背板电极选自由蚀刻的高透射金属丝网、穿孔纳米线组件、接触印刷纳米粒子薄膜和导电聚合物电极构成的组。
13.一种电光显示器，包括：
透光前电极；
电光材料层，其相邻于所述透光前电极而布置，所述电光材料包括：(a)包括聚合物材料和液体的连续相，和(b)包含带电粒子和流体的分立液滴，其中，所述带电粒子布置在所述流体中，所述流体中的带电粒子的所述分立液滴被所述连续相包围，所述带电粒子能够在电场的影响下移动穿过所述流体；以及
背板，其相邻于所述电光材料层并与所述透光前电极相对地布置，所述背板包括背板电极和背板基底，其中所述背板电极与所述电光材料层接触，以及所述背板基底能渗透所述液体。
14.一种用于形成电光显示器的工艺，所述工艺包括：
提供前基底；
在所述前基底上形成电光材料层，所述电光材料包括：包括聚合物材料、液体的连续相，和分散在所述连续相中的多个囊体，所述多个囊体包含带电粒子和流体，其中，所述带电粒子布置在所述流体中，所述带电粒子能够在电场的影响下移动穿过所述流体，其中所述流体不同于所述液体；
使所述电光材料层的被暴露表面与包括布置在背板基底上的至少一个背板电极的背板接触，所述背板基底是能渗透所述液体的；以及
其后对包括所述前基底、所述电光材料层和背板的组合组件施加干燥时间和干燥温度，以有效地使所述液体穿过所述可渗透背板基底扩散并从所述组合组件移除，从而使所述电光材料层形成将所述前基底和所述背板固定到彼此的连贯层。
15.如权利要求14所述的工艺，还包括移除所述液体的一部分，以及将所述背板基底和所述背板电极切块以形成多个分立背板电极。
16.如权利要求15所述的工艺，其中所述背板基底和所述背板电极用激光器被切块。
17.如权利要求14所述的工艺，其中所述液体包括水。
18.如权利要求14所述的工艺，所述背板基底包括可渗透亲水性聚合物。
19.如权利要求14所述的工艺，其中所述背板电极包括碳黑。
20.如权利要求14所述的工艺，其中所述背板电极被涂布或丝网印刷到所述背板基底上。
CN202310413051.6A 2017-03-28 2018-03-27 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板 Pending CN116430639A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762477505P 2017-03-28 2017-03-28
US62/477505 2017-03-28
PCT/US2018/024438 WO2018183240A1 (en) 2017-03-28 2018-03-27 Porous backplane for electro-optic display
CN201880016236.0A CN110383165B (zh) 2017-03-28 2018-03-27 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201880016236.0A Division CN110383165B (zh) 2017-03-28 2018-03-27 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116430639A true CN116430639A (zh) 2023-07-14

Family

ID=63670372

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201880016236.0A Active CN110383165B (zh) 2017-03-28 2018-03-27 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板
CN202310413051.6A Pending CN116430639A (zh) 2017-03-28 2018-03-27 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201880016236.0A Active CN110383165B (zh) 2017-03-28 2018-03-27 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US10466565B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3602193A4 (zh)
JP (2) JP6994047B2 (zh)
CN (2) CN110383165B (zh)
TW (1) TWI670556B (zh)
WO (1) WO2018183240A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (193)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS561920A (en) * 1979-06-19 1981-01-10 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Electrochromic display device
US6137467A (en) 1995-01-03 2000-10-24 Xerox Corporation Optically sensitive electric paper
US6639578B1 (en) 1995-07-20 2003-10-28 E Ink Corporation Flexible displays
US6664944B1 (en) 1995-07-20 2003-12-16 E-Ink Corporation Rear electrode structures for electrophoretic displays
US7411719B2 (en) 1995-07-20 2008-08-12 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof
US7259744B2 (en) 1995-07-20 2007-08-21 E Ink Corporation Dielectrophoretic displays
US6866760B2 (en) 1998-08-27 2005-03-15 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof
US7106296B1 (en) 1995-07-20 2006-09-12 E Ink Corporation Electronic book with multiple page displays
US7167155B1 (en) 1995-07-20 2007-01-23 E Ink Corporation Color electrophoretic displays
US7352353B2 (en) 1995-07-20 2008-04-01 E Ink Corporation Electrostatically addressable electrophoretic display
US7327511B2 (en) 2004-03-23 2008-02-05 E Ink Corporation Light modulators
US8089453B2 (en) 1995-07-20 2012-01-03 E Ink Corporation Stylus-based addressing structures for displays
US6120588A (en) 1996-07-19 2000-09-19 E Ink Corporation Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof
US7079305B2 (en) 2001-03-19 2006-07-18 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof
US6124851A (en) 1995-07-20 2000-09-26 E Ink Corporation Electronic book with multiple page displays
US5760761A (en) 1995-12-15 1998-06-02 Xerox Corporation Highlight color twisting ball display
US5808783A (en) 1996-06-27 1998-09-15 Xerox Corporation High reflectance gyricon display
US6055091A (en) 1996-06-27 2000-04-25 Xerox Corporation Twisting-cylinder display
AU726057B2 (en) 1996-07-19 2000-10-26 E-Ink Corporation Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof
US5930026A (en) 1996-10-25 1999-07-27 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Nonemissive displays and piezoelectric power supplies therefor
US5777782A (en) 1996-12-24 1998-07-07 Xerox Corporation Auxiliary optics for a twisting ball display
US6980196B1 (en) 1997-03-18 2005-12-27 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Printable electronic display
US6177921B1 (en) 1997-08-28 2001-01-23 E Ink Corporation Printable electrode structures for displays
US6232950B1 (en) 1997-08-28 2001-05-15 E Ink Corporation Rear electrode structures for displays
US6825829B1 (en) 1997-08-28 2004-11-30 E Ink Corporation Adhesive backed displays
US7002728B2 (en) 1997-08-28 2006-02-21 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof
US6252564B1 (en) 1997-08-28 2001-06-26 E Ink Corporation Tiled displays
US6839158B2 (en) 1997-08-28 2005-01-04 E Ink Corporation Encapsulated electrophoretic displays having a monolayer of capsules and materials and methods for making the same
US6054071A (en) 1998-01-28 2000-04-25 Xerox Corporation Poled electrets for gyricon-based electric-paper displays
US7075502B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2006-07-11 E Ink Corporation Full color reflective display with multichromatic sub-pixels
EP1105772B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2004-06-23 E-Ink Corporation Electronic displays using organic-based field effect transistors
US6241921B1 (en) 1998-05-15 2001-06-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Heterogeneous display elements and methods for their fabrication
CA2333358A1 (en) 1998-06-22 1999-12-29 E Ink Corporation Means of addressing microencapsulated display media
USD485294S1 (en) 1998-07-22 2004-01-13 E Ink Corporation Electrode structure for an electronic display
CA2336744A1 (en) 1998-07-22 2000-02-03 Jonathan D. Albert Electronic display
US7256766B2 (en) 1998-08-27 2007-08-14 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic display comprising optical biasing element
WO2000020923A1 (en) 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 E Ink Corporation Illumination system for nonemissive electronic displays
US6128124A (en) 1998-10-16 2000-10-03 Xerox Corporation Additive color electric paper without registration or alignment of individual elements
US6097531A (en) 1998-11-25 2000-08-01 Xerox Corporation Method of making uniformly magnetized elements for a gyricon display
US6147791A (en) 1998-11-25 2000-11-14 Xerox Corporation Gyricon displays utilizing rotating elements and magnetic latching
US6506438B2 (en) 1998-12-15 2003-01-14 E Ink Corporation Method for printing of transistor arrays on plastic substrates
US6312304B1 (en) 1998-12-15 2001-11-06 E Ink Corporation Assembly of microencapsulated electronic displays
US6724519B1 (en) 1998-12-21 2004-04-20 E-Ink Corporation Protective electrodes for electrophoretic displays
WO2000038000A1 (en) 1998-12-22 2000-06-29 E Ink Corporation Method of manufacturing of a discrete electronic device
WO2000054101A1 (fr) 1999-03-05 2000-09-14 Seiko Epson Corporation Afficheur pour electrophorese et son procede de production
US6842657B1 (en) 1999-04-09 2005-01-11 E Ink Corporation Reactive formation of dielectric layers and protection of organic layers in organic semiconductor device fabrication
US6498114B1 (en) 1999-04-09 2002-12-24 E Ink Corporation Method for forming a patterned semiconductor film
US7012600B2 (en) 1999-04-30 2006-03-14 E Ink Corporation Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein
US8009348B2 (en) 1999-05-03 2011-08-30 E Ink Corporation Machine-readable displays
US7030412B1 (en) 1999-05-05 2006-04-18 E Ink Corporation Minimally-patterned semiconductor devices for display applications
JP5394601B2 (ja) 1999-07-01 2014-01-22 イー インク コーポレイション スペーサが提供された電気泳動媒体
JP4744757B2 (ja) 1999-07-21 2011-08-10 イー インク コーポレイション アクティブマトリクス駆動電子ディスプレイの性能を高めるための蓄電キャパシタの使用
JP4948726B2 (ja) 1999-07-21 2012-06-06 イー インク コーポレイション 電子ディスプレイを制御するための電子回路素子を作製する好適な方法
WO2001017040A1 (en) 1999-08-31 2001-03-08 E Ink Corporation A solvent annealing process for forming a thin semiconductor film with advantageous properties
AU7091400A (en) 1999-08-31 2001-03-26 E-Ink Corporation Transistor for an electronically driven display
US7158282B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2007-01-02 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture
US7715088B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2010-05-11 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display
US20070237962A1 (en) 2000-03-03 2007-10-11 Rong-Chang Liang Semi-finished display panels
EP1275156B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2009-08-05 E Ink Corporation Process for fabricating thin film transistors
US7893435B2 (en) 2000-04-18 2011-02-22 E Ink Corporation Flexible electronic circuits and displays including a backplane comprising a patterned metal foil having a plurality of apertures extending therethrough
US6683333B2 (en) 2000-07-14 2004-01-27 E Ink Corporation Fabrication of electronic circuit elements using unpatterned semiconductor layers
US6816147B2 (en) 2000-08-17 2004-11-09 E Ink Corporation Bistable electro-optic display, and method for addressing same
US7030854B2 (en) 2001-03-13 2006-04-18 E Ink Corporation Apparatus for displaying drawings
US7679814B2 (en) 2001-04-02 2010-03-16 E Ink Corporation Materials for use in electrophoretic displays
US20020188053A1 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-12-12 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Composition and process for the sealing of microcups in roll-to-roll display manufacturing
ATE349028T1 (de) 2001-07-09 2007-01-15 E Ink Corp Elektrooptische anzeige und kleberzusammensetzung
WO2003007066A2 (en) 2001-07-09 2003-01-23 E Ink Corporation Electro-optical display having a lamination adhesive layer
US6982178B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2006-01-03 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
US7535624B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2009-05-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display and materials for use therein
US7110163B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2006-09-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display and lamination adhesive for use therein
US6967640B2 (en) 2001-07-27 2005-11-22 E Ink Corporation Microencapsulated electrophoretic display with integrated driver
US6819471B2 (en) 2001-08-16 2004-11-16 E Ink Corporation Light modulation by frustration of total internal reflection
US6865010B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2005-03-08 E Ink Corporation Electrophoretic electronic displays with low-index films
US7223672B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2007-05-29 E Ink Corporation Processes for forming backplanes for electro-optic displays
TWI240842B (en) 2002-04-24 2005-10-01 Sipix Imaging Inc Matrix driven electrophoretic display with multilayer back plane
TW574538B (en) 2002-04-24 2004-02-01 Sipix Imaging Inc Compositions and processes for format flexible roll-to-roll manufacturing of electrophoretic displays
EP1497867A2 (en) 2002-04-24 2005-01-19 E Ink Corporation Electronic displays
US7190008B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2007-03-13 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and components for use therein
TW583497B (en) 2002-05-29 2004-04-11 Sipix Imaging Inc Electrode and connecting designs for roll-to-roll format flexible display manufacturing
US9470950B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2016-10-18 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof
US8049947B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2011-11-01 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
US7649674B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2010-01-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display with edge seal
US7110164B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2006-09-19 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof
US7843621B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2010-11-30 E Ink Corporation Components and testing methods for use in the production of electro-optic displays
US7554712B2 (en) 2005-06-23 2009-06-30 E Ink Corporation Edge seals for, and processes for assembly of, electro-optic displays
US7583427B2 (en) 2002-06-10 2009-09-01 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
US6842279B2 (en) 2002-06-27 2005-01-11 E Ink Corporation Illumination system for nonemissive electronic displays
US20060255322A1 (en) 2002-07-17 2006-11-16 Wu Zarng-Arh G Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance
US8547628B2 (en) 2002-07-17 2013-10-01 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance
US7347957B2 (en) 2003-07-10 2008-03-25 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance
TWI314237B (en) 2002-07-17 2009-09-01 Sipix Imaging Inc Novel methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance
JP2005534996A (ja) 2002-08-06 2005-11-17 イー−インク コーポレイション 熱影響に対する電気光学表示装置の保護
US7839564B2 (en) 2002-09-03 2010-11-23 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
CN101109885B (zh) 2002-09-03 2012-06-13 伊英克公司 电光显示器
TW575646B (en) 2002-09-04 2004-02-11 Sipix Imaging Inc Novel adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays
TWI229230B (en) 2002-10-31 2005-03-11 Sipix Imaging Inc An improved electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture
WO2004047057A1 (ja) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-03 Ishikawa Seisakusho,Ltd. 画素制御素子の選択転写方法、画素制御素子の選択転写方法に使用される画素制御素子の実装装置、画素制御素子転写後の配線形成方法、及び、平面ディスプレイ基板
EP1573389B1 (en) 2002-12-16 2018-05-30 E Ink Corporation Backplanes for electro-optic displays
US6922276B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2005-07-26 E Ink Corporation Flexible electro-optic displays
US9346987B2 (en) 2003-01-24 2016-05-24 E Ink California, Llc Adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays
TWI337679B (en) 2003-02-04 2011-02-21 Sipix Imaging Inc Novel compositions and assembly process for liquid crystal display
CN100399109C (zh) 2003-03-27 2008-07-02 伊英克公司 电光学组件
EP1631857B1 (en) 2003-06-06 2007-03-07 Sipix Imaging, Inc. In mold manufacture of an object with embedded display panel
US20050122563A1 (en) 2003-07-24 2005-06-09 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays
US8514168B2 (en) 2003-10-07 2013-08-20 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display with thermal control
ATE405916T1 (de) 2003-10-08 2008-09-15 E Ink Corp Elektro-benetzungs-displays
JP2007509379A (ja) 2003-10-24 2007-04-12 イー インク コーポレイション 電気光学ディスプレイ
US20050122306A1 (en) 2003-10-29 2005-06-09 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays with single edge addressing and removable driver circuitry
US20110187683A1 (en) 2003-10-30 2011-08-04 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays with single edge addressing and removable driver circuitry
US20110164301A1 (en) 2003-11-05 2011-07-07 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
US7672040B2 (en) 2003-11-05 2010-03-02 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
US8177942B2 (en) 2003-11-05 2012-05-15 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
US7551346B2 (en) 2003-11-05 2009-06-23 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
US7173752B2 (en) 2003-11-05 2007-02-06 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
US7206119B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2007-04-17 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and method for driving same
US7075703B2 (en) 2004-01-16 2006-07-11 E Ink Corporation Process for sealing electro-optic displays
US7388572B2 (en) 2004-02-27 2008-06-17 E Ink Corporation Backplanes for electro-optic displays
US7453445B2 (en) 2004-08-13 2008-11-18 E Ink Corproation Methods for driving electro-optic displays
US7301693B2 (en) 2004-08-13 2007-11-27 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Direct drive display with a multi-layer backplane and process for its manufacture
US7304780B2 (en) 2004-12-17 2007-12-04 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Backplane design for display panels and processes for their manufacture
JP2008521065A (ja) 2005-01-26 2008-06-19 イー インク コーポレイション ガス状流体を用いる電気泳動ディスプレイ
US8576162B2 (en) 2005-03-14 2013-11-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Manufacturing processes of backplane for segment displays
US8159636B2 (en) 2005-04-08 2012-04-17 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Reflective displays and processes for their manufacture
US7880958B2 (en) 2005-09-23 2011-02-01 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Display cell structure and electrode protecting layer compositions
US7746534B2 (en) * 2006-12-07 2010-06-29 Gentex Corporation Thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporating these elements
US7843624B2 (en) 2006-03-08 2010-11-30 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof
US8390301B2 (en) 2006-03-08 2013-03-05 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof
US8610988B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2013-12-17 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display with edge seal
US20150005720A1 (en) 2006-07-18 2015-01-01 E Ink California, Llc Electrophoretic display
US7492497B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2009-02-17 E Ink Corporation Multi-layer light modulator
US8362488B2 (en) 2006-09-12 2013-01-29 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Flexible backplane and methods for its manufacture
US7986450B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2011-07-26 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display and materials for use therein
US7905977B2 (en) 2006-11-17 2011-03-15 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Post conversion methods for display devices
US7649666B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2010-01-19 E Ink Corporation Components and methods for use in electro-optic displays
KR101256709B1 (ko) 2007-01-22 2013-04-19 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기-광학 디스플레이에서 사용하기 위한 다층 시트
US7688497B2 (en) 2007-01-22 2010-03-30 E Ink Corporation Multi-layer sheet for use in electro-optic displays
US7826129B2 (en) 2007-03-06 2010-11-02 E Ink Corporation Materials for use in electrophoretic displays
US8034209B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2011-10-11 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays, and materials and methods for production thereof
US8743077B1 (en) 2007-08-01 2014-06-03 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Front light system for reflective displays
US20090122389A1 (en) 2007-11-14 2009-05-14 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic assemblies, and adhesives and binders for use therein
US7830592B1 (en) 2007-11-30 2010-11-09 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Display devices having micro-reflectors
US8237892B1 (en) 2007-11-30 2012-08-07 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Display device with a brightness enhancement structure
KR20090061471A (ko) 2007-12-11 2009-06-16 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 전기영동표시장치 및 그 제조방법
US8437069B2 (en) 2008-03-11 2013-05-07 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Luminance enhancement structure for reflective display devices
CN105137643A (zh) 2008-03-11 2015-12-09 希毕克斯影像有限公司 用于反射型显示器的辉度增强结构
WO2009134889A1 (en) 2008-05-01 2009-11-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Color display devices
US8441414B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2013-05-14 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Luminance enhancement structure with Moiré reducing design
TWI395017B (zh) * 2008-12-15 2013-05-01 Ind Tech Res Inst 可重複加工之液晶膜及其製造方法
JP2010145711A (ja) 2008-12-18 2010-07-01 Seiko Epson Corp 電気光学装置およびその製造方法
US8797258B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2014-08-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Highlight color display architecture using enhanced dark state
US20160077375A1 (en) 2009-01-13 2016-03-17 E Ink California, Llc Asymmetrical luminance enhancement structure for reflective display devices
US20100177396A1 (en) 2009-01-13 2010-07-15 Craig Lin Asymmetrical luminance enhancement structure for reflective display devices
US9025234B2 (en) 2009-01-22 2015-05-05 E Ink California, Llc Luminance enhancement structure with varying pitches
US8120836B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2012-02-21 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Luminance enhancement structure for reflective display devices
US8714780B2 (en) 2009-04-22 2014-05-06 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Display devices with grooved luminance enhancement film
US8797633B1 (en) 2009-07-23 2014-08-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Display device assembly and manufacture thereof
US8456589B1 (en) 2009-07-27 2013-06-04 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Display device assembly
US8754859B2 (en) 2009-10-28 2014-06-17 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic displays with touch sensors and/or tactile feedback
US9620066B2 (en) 2010-02-02 2017-04-11 E Ink Corporation Method for driving electro-optic displays
US9140952B2 (en) 2010-04-22 2015-09-22 E Ink California, Llc Electrophoretic display with enhanced contrast
US9030374B2 (en) 2010-05-06 2015-05-12 E Ink California, Llc Composite display modules
TWI484275B (zh) * 2010-05-21 2015-05-11 E Ink Corp 光電顯示器及其驅動方法、微型空腔電泳顯示器
US20110292319A1 (en) 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 E Ink Corporation Dual mode electro-optic displays
KR20120071542A (ko) 2010-12-23 2012-07-03 에스케이씨 주식회사 전자종이 표시소자의 제조방법
JP5741122B2 (ja) 2011-03-28 2015-07-01 ソニー株式会社 電気泳動素子、表示装置および電子機器
TWI582509B (zh) 2012-03-26 2017-05-11 達意科技股份有限公司 一種電泳式顯示面板及其結構
WO2013159093A1 (en) 2012-04-20 2013-10-24 E Ink Corporation Illumination systems for reflective displays
EP2864836B1 (en) 2012-06-20 2017-05-24 E Ink California, LLC Piezo electrophoretic display
US8797636B2 (en) 2012-07-17 2014-08-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Light-enhancing structure for electrophoretic display
CN104583853B (zh) 2012-07-27 2018-01-26 伊英克公司 用于生产电光显示器的工艺
US9279906B2 (en) 2012-08-31 2016-03-08 E Ink California, Llc Microstructure film
KR101361163B1 (ko) 2012-09-04 2014-02-10 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 전기영동 디스플레이 장치와 이의 제조방법
JP2014071247A (ja) 2012-09-28 2014-04-21 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 光学シートの製造方法
TWI478327B (zh) 2012-11-01 2015-03-21 Sipix Technology Inc 顯示裝置
US10037735B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2018-07-31 E Ink Corporation Active matrix display with dual driving modes
JP5966885B2 (ja) * 2012-11-27 2016-08-10 ソニー株式会社 電気泳動素子および表示装置
WO2014110394A1 (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-07-17 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display with controlled electrochemical reactions
TW201428569A (zh) 2013-01-10 2014-07-16 Sipix Technology Inc 包含電泳觸控面板之顯示系統
TWI502265B (zh) 2013-01-25 2015-10-01 Sipix Technology Inc 電泳顯示器
TWI502266B (zh) 2013-02-20 2015-10-01 Sipix Technology Inc 降低被動式矩陣耦合效應的電泳顯示器
US9666142B2 (en) 2013-02-20 2017-05-30 Sipix Technology, Inc. Display capable of reducing passive matrix coupling effect
TWI502429B (zh) 2013-06-13 2015-10-01 Sipix Technology Inc 觸控式顯示裝置及其製作方法
TWI532599B (zh) 2013-06-21 2016-05-11 達意科技股份有限公司 顯示面板以及顯示面板的製作方法
US9223164B2 (en) 2013-08-02 2015-12-29 Sipix Technology, Inc. Display
TWI502574B (zh) 2013-10-09 2015-10-01 Sipix Technology Inc 光電裝置及其驅動方法
WO2015109223A1 (en) 2014-01-17 2015-07-23 E Ink Corporation Electro-optic display with a two-phase electrode layer
KR20160119195A (ko) 2014-02-07 2016-10-12 이 잉크 코포레이션 전기-광학 디스플레이 백플레인 구조들
KR102116283B1 (ko) * 2014-03-04 2020-05-29 삼성전자주식회사 디스플레이 장치 및 그 제조 방법
US10446585B2 (en) 2014-03-17 2019-10-15 E Ink Corporation Multi-layer expanding electrode structures for backplane assemblies
US10444553B2 (en) 2014-03-25 2019-10-15 E Ink California, Llc Magnetophoretic display assembly and driving scheme
TWI613498B (zh) 2014-06-27 2018-02-01 電子墨水加利福尼亞有限責任公司 用於電泳顯示器的各向異性傳導介電層
TWI559915B (en) 2014-07-10 2016-12-01 Sipix Technology Inc Smart medication device
CN106257702A (zh) * 2015-06-20 2016-12-28 东莞日阵薄膜光伏技术有限公司 防止湿气、氧对钙钛矿吸收层侵蚀及延长电池寿命的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3602193A1 (en) 2020-02-05
JP7038793B2 (ja) 2022-03-18
CN110383165B (zh) 2023-05-02
US11016358B2 (en) 2021-05-25
WO2018183240A1 (en) 2018-10-04
JP2021063995A (ja) 2021-04-22
EP3602193A4 (en) 2021-01-06
CN110383165A (zh) 2019-10-25
US20200026144A1 (en) 2020-01-23
TWI670556B (zh) 2019-09-01
TW201841039A (zh) 2018-11-16
JP2020515897A (ja) 2020-05-28
US10466565B2 (en) 2019-11-05
US20180284556A1 (en) 2018-10-04
JP6994047B2 (ja) 2022-01-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11022854B2 (en) Method of forming a top plane connection in an electro-optic device
US9910337B2 (en) Electro-optic media produced using ink jet printing
US20160048054A1 (en) Processes for the production of electro-optic displays, and color filters for use therein
US8643939B2 (en) Electrophoretic display sheet and manufacturing method therefor
US10254621B2 (en) Electro-optic displays, and processes for the production thereof
JP2018028675A (ja) 電気光学ディスプレイ
WO2007002452A2 (en) Edge seals and processes for electro-optic displays
US20070205979A1 (en) Electro-optical modulating display devices comprising and array of microcells and a method for making such devices
KR102308588B1 (ko) 라미네이트된 전기-광학 디스플레이들 및 이를 제조하는 방법들
EP3543783B1 (en) Electrophoretic display module with electrophoretic fluid barrier array and method for manufacturing the same
KR101913709B1 (ko) 전기영동 디스플레이 장치 및 이의 제조방법
CN110383165B (zh) 用于电光显示器的可渗透背板
KR101256713B1 (ko) 전기-광학 디스플레이용 컴포넌트
KR102337332B1 (ko) 전기 광학 디스플레이를 제조하기 위한 프로세스
JP2010054816A (ja) 表示媒体、表示素子、表示装置、及び表示媒体の製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 40087310

Country of ref document: HK