TWI270959B - Production method for SIMOX substrate - Google Patents

Production method for SIMOX substrate Download PDF

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TWI270959B
TWI270959B TW094124383A TW94124383A TWI270959B TW I270959 B TWI270959 B TW I270959B TW 094124383 A TW094124383 A TW 094124383A TW 94124383 A TW94124383 A TW 94124383A TW I270959 B TWI270959 B TW I270959B
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substrate
heat treatment
oxygen
gas
temperature
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TW200608515A (en
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Naoshi Adachi
Yukio Komatsu
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Sumitomo Mitsubishi Silicon
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Description

1270959 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關藉由對注入氧離子的矽基板進行熱處理 來取得SIMOX基板之SIMOX基板的製造方法。 本案是根據2004年7月20日申請的日本特願2004-211127號主張優先権,將其内容援用於此。 ^ 【先前技術】 以往,在矽氧化物之類的絕緣物上具有單結晶矽層的 SOI ( silicon on insulator)基板,主要有 SIMOX 基板。 . SIMOX基板是在單結晶矽基板内部注入氧離子後,接著實 • 施氧化性環境下的高温熱處理,藉此來使被注入的氧離子 與矽原子化學反應而使形成埋入氧化膜之SOI基板。由於 形成於該等 SOI層的裝置具有高放射線耐性,栓鎖( latchup )耐性,及抑止短通道效應(Short-Channel φ Effects),以及低消耗電力動作,因此SOI基板被期待作 爲次世代高機能半導體基板。 在此,一般針對藉由柴式法(Czochralski method ) 育成的矽單結晶進行加工而取得的鏡面硏磨基板,例如在 COP ( Crystal Originated Particle )等的結晶育成時所被 導入的結晶缺陷會成爲閘極氧化膜耐壓劣化的要因。因此 ,裝置製造商會使用令結晶缺陷密度降低的基板,例如矽 磊晶成長基板或藉由低速拉伸條件來使所被育成的結晶缺 陷大幅度降低的基板,而得以實施閘極氧化膜的絕緣不良 -4- (2) 1270959 之良率改善。 有關SOI基板也是同樣的,在SIMOX基板也會因爲 COP或孔缺陷存在於基板表面或表面附近,造成在最終製 品的S 01層表面上誘發針孔缺陷等,而使得裝置特性劣化 。就不使在該SOI層表面上誘發針孔缺陷等之SIM0X基 板的製造方法而言,例如有提案使用含lxlOMat〇ms/Cm3 〜1 X 1017atoms/cm3的之矽單結晶(例如參照日本特開平 φ 10-648 3 7號公報)。該SIM0X基板的製造方法是在含氮 的矽基板中注入氧離子,然後以1 3 5 0°C,0.5 %的氧氣體進 行4小時熱處理,更以氧濃度70%再進行4小時熱處理, , 藉此於SOI層表面上0.3 μηι以上所謂熱坑的凹處爲形成0 【發明內容】 (發明所欲解決的課題) Φ 但,在含氮的矽基板中注入氧離子而進行熱處理後的 基板的SOI層表面上,雖0.3 μιη以上所謂熱坑的凹處爲形 成0個,但其表面附近未滿〇 . 3 μπι的尺寸的缺陷會高密度 存在。亦即,此現象意味著在微量氧濃度的氣體環境中結 , 晶缺陷不會消滅,在上述以往的製造方法中存在無法使未 滿0.3 μηι的尺寸的缺陷消滅之尙未解決的課題。 本發明是在於提供一種連SOI層表面上之較小尺寸的 缺陷也可以消滅之SIM0X基板的製造方法。 (3) 1270959 (用以解決課題的手段) 本發明的製造方法,係於氬與氧的混合氣體環境中對 注入氧離子的矽基板進行1 3 0 0〜1 3 5 0 °c的熱處理,藉此來 取得SIMOX基板之SIMOX基板的製造方法,其特徵爲: 在氧離子的注入後’上述熱處理以前,在惰性氣體或 還原性氣體或者惰性氣體與還原性氣體的混合氣體環境中 以1 0 0 0 °C〜1 2 8 0 °C的温度範圍來對上述矽基板進行5分〜 4小時的前熱處理。 本發明之SIMOX基板的製造方法是在氧離子的注入 後,熱處理以前,藉由對矽基板進行前熱處理,可使在非 氧化性氣體環境下的熱處理之結晶缺陷,特別是所謂 Grown-in缺陷之空洞缺陷的内壁氧化膜溶解,然後藉由在 被去除内壁氧化膜的空洞缺陷内擴散格子間矽原子之塡孔 效果來縮小表面附近的Grown-in缺陷,而使消滅。因此 ,亦可使〇 . 3 μπι未満的尺寸之缺陷消滅。 又,SIMOX基板的製造方法中,被注入氧離子的矽基 板係孔缺陷或由COP所構成的結晶缺陷密度爲ΙχΙΟ'ηΓ3 以上,且上述結晶缺陷的尺寸分布最頻繁爲〇 · 1 2 μ m以下 〇 此情況,因爲使用具有小尺寸的結晶缺陷之基板,所 以氧離子行程的不均會變小,具有可縮小其次的步驟之氬 與氧的混合氣體環境之熱處理的埋入氧化膜的不均之效果 又,SIMOX基板的製造方法中,在前熱處理後,在惰 (4) 1270959 性氣體或還原性氣體或者惰性氣體與還原性 體環境中使矽基板降溫至6 0 0 t〜11 0 〇 °C後 混合氣體環境之熱處理。 一般在初期段階的非氧化性氣體環境下 的熱處理終了後,若在該温度下切換成氬與 環境,則會引起矽基板表面的微粗糙度的劣 的發明是在前熱處理後使溫度下降至可防止 φ 的温度,具體而言1100 °C以下,因此明顯具 度的劣化之效果。 〔發明的效果〕 本發明之SIMOX基板的製造方法是在 後,熱處理以前,在惰性氣體或還原性氣體 與還原性氣體的混合氣體環境中以1〇〇〇 °C〜 範圍來對矽基板進行5分〜4小時的前熱處 在非氧化性氣體環境下的熱處理之結晶缺陷 Grown-in缺陷之空洞缺陷的内壁氧化膜溶解 被去除内壁氧化膜的空洞缺陷内擴散格子間 效果來縮小表面附近的Grown-in缺陷’而 況,若被注入氧離子的矽基板之孔缺陷或由 的結晶缺陷密度爲1 xlO5 cnT3以上’且其結 分布最頻繁爲0.12 μηι以下,則可形成使用 缺陷之基板,氧離子行程的不均會變小’進 次的步驟之氬與氧的混合氣體環境之熱處理 氣體的混合氣 進行氬與氧的 之1 2 5 0 °C以下 氧的混合氣體 化,但此情況 微粗糙度劣化 有可防止粗糙 氧離子的注入 或者惰性氣體 1 2 8 0 °C的温度 理,因此可使 ,特別是所謂 ,然後藉由在 砂原子之塡孔 使消滅。此情 COP所構成 晶缺陷的尺寸 小尺寸的結晶 而可以縮小其 的埋入氧化膜 (5) (5)
1270959 的不均。另一方面,在初期段階的非氧化性氣體 1 25 0 °C以下的熱處理終了後’若在該温度下切換 的混合氣體環境’則會引起矽基板表面的微粗縫 ,但若在前熱處理後使溫度下降至可防止微粗糙 温度,具體而言1100°C以下’則可明顯防止粗縫 【實施方式】 其次,根據圖面來說明用以實施本發明的最佳 本發明是在氬及氧的混合氣體環境中對注入拳 矽基板進行1 3 00〜1 3 5 0°C的熱處理’藉此來取得 基板之SIMOX基板的製造方法。其特徵是在氧葡 入後,其熱處理以前,在惰性氣體或還原性氣體窜 氣體與還原性氣體的混合氣體環境中,於1〇〇〇°C-的温度範圍,對矽基板進行5分〜4小時的前熱虔 了形成氧化膜,而注入氧離子,然後進行以往氬與 合氣體環境之熱處理的前段處理,亦即在惰性氣i 性氣體或者惰性氣體與還原性氣體的混合氣體環境 施加熱處理來使凹坑發生起因之小結晶缺陷消滅。 使在非氧化性氣體環境下的熱處理之結晶缺陷,转 謂Grown-in缺陷之空洞缺陷的内壁氧化膜溶解, 由在被去除内壁氧化膜的空洞缺陷内擴散格子間形 塡孔效果來縮小表面附近的Grown-in缺陷,而使 此刻,同時亦可使在離子注入附著的矽系或二氧 境下之 Μ與氧 的劣化 劣化的 的劣化 形態。 離子的 SIMOX 子的注 者惰性 ,1 280〇C 理。爲 氧的混 或還原 中藉由 而且, 別是所 然後藉 原子之 消滅。 矽系粒 -8- (6) 1270959 子降低或消滅,因此可使最終SIM OX基板表面上的凹坑 更爲降低。 在此,就惰性氣體而言,例如有氬氣,氨氣等,就還 原性氣體而言,例如有氫氣。就惰性氣體與還原性氣體的 混合氣體環境而言,例如有氫氣與氬氣的混合氣體環境, 或者氦氣與氫氣的混合氣體環境。此時的混合比例並無特 別加以限定。 I 此外,之所以前熱處理的温度範圍爲1 〇 〇 〇 °C〜1 2 8 0 °c
W ,該前熱處理的時間爲5分〜4小時的範圍,那是爲了使 在非氧化性氣體環境下的熱處理之結晶缺陷,特別是所謂 Grown-in缺陷之空洞缺陷的内壁氧化膜溶解,然後藉由在 被去除内壁氧化膜的空洞缺陷内擴散格子間矽原子之塡孔 效果來縮小表面附近的Grown-in缺陷,而使消滅時所必 要者。若該前熱處理的温度未滿1 〇〇〇度,則難以使結晶 缺陷消滅,若其温度超過1 2 8 0 °C,則矽表面的矽原子的昇 φ華會變得劇烈,矽基板表面的粗糙度會有劣化的情形。在 此最好温度範圍爲1100〜1250 °C。又,若該前熱處理的時 間爲未滿5分,則難以充分消滅結晶缺陷,若該時間超過 4小時,則會因爲矽原子的昇華或被離子注入之氧離子的 外方擴散而使得埋入氧化膜的品質劣化。在此,最好前熱 處理的時間爲3 0分〜2小時。 另外,被注入氧離子的矽基板,最好孔缺陷或由COP 所構成的結晶缺陷密度爲1 x105cm_3以上,且結晶缺陷的 尺寸分布最頻繁爲0 · 1 2 μηι以下。亦即,若使用具有小尺 -9- (7) 1270959 寸的結晶缺陷之基板,則氧離子行程的不均會變小,可縮 小其次的步驟之氬與氧的混合氣體環境之熱處理的埋入氧 化膜的不均。在此,之所以結晶缺陷密度必須爲1 X 1 〇5 cnT3以上,那是因爲若結晶缺陷密度未滿lxl05cnT3未満 ,則結晶缺陷尺寸會變大,難以消滅在前熱處理的缺陷, 最好缺陷密度爲lxl〇5cnT3〜lxl07cm·3。又,之所以結晶 缺陷的尺寸分布最頻繁必須爲0.12 μιη以下,那是因爲若 φ 超過 0.1 2μπι,則會難以充分消滅結晶缺陷,更理想爲 0.0 7 μιη 以下。 另一方面,可知在初期段階的非氧化性氣體環境下之 125 (TC以下的熱處理終了後,若在該温度下切換成氬與氧 * 的混合氣體環境,則會引起矽基板表面的微粗糙度的劣化 。因此,在前熱處理後,最好在惰性氣體或還原性氣體或 者惰性氣體與還原性氣體的混合氣體環境中使矽基板降溫 至600 °C〜11〇〇 °C之後,進行氬與氧的混合氣體環境之熱 處理。亦即,將溫度降低至可防止微粗糙度的劣化之温度 ,具體而言降低至noo°c以下,只要實施氧化性氣體導入 之埋入氧化膜形成熱處理,便可取得與通常SIMOX品同 等級的粗糙度。 上述S IΜ Ο X基板的製造方法,例如圖4的工程圖所 示,經由氧離子注入工程與前熱處理工程來進行。首先’ 如圖4 ( a)所示,在矽基板1中注入氧離子2。然後,如 圖4 ( b )所示,在惰性氣體或還原性氣體或者惰性氣體與 還原性氣體的混合氣體環境3中以1 000°C〜1 280 °C的温度 -10- (8) 1270959 範圍來對矽基板進行5分〜4小時的前熱處理。 <實施例 開始材料爲準備直徑200mm之針對藉由柴式法( Czochral ski method )所育成的矽單結晶進行加工而取得 之以下的3種類的基板。亦即,準備(1 )具有結晶缺陷 尺寸峰値爲0.13〜0·15μηι,最大密度〇.5xl〇4cnl-2的基板 I , (2)具有結晶缺陷尺寸峰値爲〇·〇9〜〇·ΐ2μηι,最大密 度l.〇xl〇5cnT2的基板,(3 )具有結晶缺陷尺寸峰値爲 0.05〜〇·〇7μπι,最大密度l.〇xl〇7cm·2的基板。 在該等3種類的各個基板中,以能夠形成注入能量 180KeV,摻雜量4.0xl017cnT2之方式來實施氧離子注入。 其次,如圖1所記載,在Ar氣體100%環境下700°C投入 後,升溫至1 150°C,然後在保持1小時之後,在1%氧環 境-氬氣基礎下升溫至1 3 5 0 °C,然後在保持4小時之後, φ在70%氧環境下更保持4小時,降溫至700 °C。然後,以 HF水溶液來去除表面氧化膜之後,經由SC-1洗浄來形成 最終SIMOX製品。以該等的SIMOX基板作爲實施例1。 <實施例2> 分別準備與實施例1的3種類基板同樣的基板。在該 等3種類的各個基板中以和實施例1相同的條件來實施氧 離子注入。其次,如圖2所記載,在Ar氣體100%環境下 7〇〇°C投入後,升溫至1150°C,然後保持1小時之後’使 -11 - (9) 1270959 降溫至1 000°c。然後,在1 %氧環境-氬氣基礎下升溫至 1 3 5 (TC,然後使保持4小時保持之後在7 0 %氧環境下更保 持4小時,使降溫至700 °C。然後,以HF水溶液來去除表 面氧化膜之後,經由S C -1洗浄來形成最終S IΜ Ο X製品。 以該等的SIMOX基板作爲實施例2。 <比較例1 > 分別準備與實施例1的3種類基板同樣的基板。在該 等3種類的各個基板中以和實施例1相同的條件來實施氧 離子注入。其次,如圖3所記載,7 0 0 °C投入後,在1 %氧 環境-氬氣基礎下升溫至1 3 50 °C,然後保持4小時之後, 在70%氧環境下更保持4小時,使降溫至700 °C。然後, 以HF水溶液來去除表面氧化膜之後,經由SC-1洗浄來形 成最終SIMOX製品。以該等的SIMOX基板作爲比較例1 <評價試驗及評價> 以表面缺陷檢測裝置來分別觀察實施例1,實施例2 及比較例1之(1 )〜(3 )的基板。其結果如以下所述。 就比較例1而言,在與開始基板中發生COP的區域 (密集於基板中央部)相同位置觀察到凹坑。當然越是結 晶缺陷密度高的基板(3 ),凹坑密度越會變高,在 SIMOX製品表面約存在10個/cm2以上。並且,測定表面 霧度水準(Haze Level) ’全部樣品約顯不1〜4ppb的値 -12- (10) 1270959 相對的,就實施例1而言,基板(1 )〜(3 )全部爲 0.3〜0.5個/cm2的凹坑數,測定霧度水準的結果,全部樣 品霧度水準在熱處理爐内約於Ippb〜l〇20ppb的範圍中形 成不均。而且,特別是越往舟皿下側越會觀察到霧度劣化 〇 另外,就實施例2而言,基板(1)〜(3)全部爲 | 0.3〜〇· 5個/cm2的凹坑數’且測定霧度水準的結果,可知 全部樣品霧度水準約爲1〜5ppb的範圍,與以往SIMOX 同等。由以上結果可知,依本發明所使用低成本基板的 SIMOX基板的品質與使用高價基板的SIMOX基板的品質 同等級。 〔産業上的利用可能性〕 在SIMOX基板的製造方法中,可使在非氧化性氣體 φ環境下的熱處理之結晶缺陷,特別是所謂Grown-in缺陷 之空洞缺陷的内壁氧化膜溶解,然後藉由在被去除内壁氧 化膜的空洞缺陷内擴散格子間矽原子之塡孔效果來縮小表 面附近的Grown-in缺陷,而使消滅。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是表示本發明的實施例1的温度條件。 圖2是表示本發明的實施例2的温度條件。 圖3是表示比較例1的温度條件。 -13- (11)1270959 圖4是表示本發明的實施形態的工程圖。
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Claims (1)

  1. (1) 1270959 十、申請專利範圍 1· 一種SIMOX基板的製造方法,係於氬與氧的混合 氣體環境中對注入氧離子的矽基板進行1300〜135(TC的熱 處理,藉此來取得SIMOX基板者,其特徵爲·· 在氧離子的注入後,上述熱處理以前,在惰性氣體或 還原性氣體或者惰性氣體與還原性氣體的混合氣體環境中 以1 000°C〜1 280°C的温度範圍來對上述矽基板進行5分〜 4小時的前熱處理。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項之SIMOX基板的製造方法 ,其中被注入氧離子的矽基板,係孔缺陷或由COP所構 成的結晶缺陷密度爲lxl 05cnT3以上,且上述結晶缺陷的 尺寸分布最頻繁爲〇.12μπι以下。 3·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之SIMOX基板的製造 方法,其中在前熱處理後,在惰性氣體或還原性氣體或者 惰性氣體與還原性氣體的混合氣體環境中使矽基板降溫至 6 0(TC〜1 1〇〇 °C後進行氬與氧的混合氣體環境之熱處理。 -15·
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