TWI254651B - Contact and adsorbent granules - Google Patents
Contact and adsorbent granules Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI254651B TWI254651B TW090123515A TW90123515A TWI254651B TW I254651 B TWI254651 B TW I254651B TW 090123515 A TW090123515 A TW 090123515A TW 90123515 A TW90123515 A TW 90123515A TW I254651 B TWI254651 B TW I254651B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- solidified
- adsorbent
- water
- oxyhydroxide
- Prior art date
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- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- CUPCBVUMRUSXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].OOO Chemical class [Fe].OOO CUPCBVUMRUSXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021519 iron(III) oxide-hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical class OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021506 iron(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 16
- MSNWSDPPULHLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-K ferric hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Fe+3] MSNWSDPPULHLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical class [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical class N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010416 TiO(OH)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous carbonate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012056 semi-solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical class [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNCDBCXTXVGGRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.[O-2].[Fe+2] Chemical compound O.O.[O-2].[Fe+2] QNCDBCXTXVGGRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UMABOEXDTSGDQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L [OH-].[OH-].O.O.O.[Fe+2] Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].O.O.O.[Fe+2] UMABOEXDTSGDQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical class [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010213 iron oxides and hydroxides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004407 iron oxides and hydroxides Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMWMWYBEJWFCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);trioxido(oxo)-$l^{5}-arsane Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O BMWMWYBEJWFCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012533 medium component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012256 powdered iron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0211—Compounds of Ti, Zr, Hf
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0225—Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
- B01J20/0229—Compounds of Fe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/0018—Mixed oxides or hydroxides
- C01G49/0036—Mixed oxides or hydroxides containing one alkaline earth metal, magnesium or lead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/0018—Mixed oxides or hydroxides
- C01G49/0045—Mixed oxides or hydroxides containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Description
1254651
五、發明說明(/ ) 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 本發明關於以含少量無機A1及/或Mg的氧化物或 (氧)氫氧化物為黏合劑之具有大比表面積(依照BET為 50至大於200平方公尺/克)之以氧化鐵及/或氧氫氧化 鐵的任何變形為基礎之顆粒狀物或顆粒,其製造及其轉 5化為具高耐機械性之顆粒狀物形式的方法,以及其用作 供化學反應催化、供從液體去除不純物及/或供氣體純 化用之接觸劑及/或吸附劑/觸媒。 接觸及吸附顆粒,含以氧化鐵及/或氧氫氧化鐵為 基礎者,業已揭示。其主要用於連續製程中,藉以其在 傳統上主要在塔式或柱式單元中發現,其中欲處理的介 質流過此處’且化學或物理反應或吸附製程在顆粒的外 及内表面發生。基於此目的無法使用粉末材料,因為其 朝著介質流動方向緊密結合,因此提高流動阻力直到單 元阻塞為止。倘若利用反沖洗(參見以下)清洗單元,則 將排出及損失大量的粉末或造成無法接受之廢水污染。 然而流動介質亦施力於顆粒上,此將導致磨蝕及/ 或移動現象使顆粒激烈授動。因此顆粒相撞,造成不想 要的磨蝕現象。此造成接觸或吸附材料之漏失及欲處理 之介質的污染作用。 含鐵氧化物及氫氧化物之吸附劑/觸媒可有利地用 於例如水純化或氣體純化之領域。在水純化作用中,此 藥劑用於水平或垂直流體過濾器或吸附柱中,或加至欲 處理的水中,以便從例如飲用水、製程水、工業及城市 廢水、礦質、潔身及藥水,以及河流、花園池塘及農業 10 15 20 25 水中除去經溶解、懸浮或乳化之有機或無機磷、绅、錄 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 χ 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -1 --I----—訂---------丨一 90. 11. 2,000 1254651 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(2·) 硫、砸、碲、鈹、氰及重金屬化合物。其亦可用於所謂 的反應性壁中,以便從地下水及受污染區域(廢棄物處 理場)之渗流水含水土層分離所述的污染物。 於氣體純化作用中,此藥劑用於吸附器中供黏附不 5 想要的成分,例如硫化氫、硫醇及氰化氫,以及其他廢 氣中的填、砷、銻、硫、硒、碲、氰及重金屬化合物。 亦可吸附例如HF、HC1、H2S、S0X、Ν0Χ氣體。 從廢油及其他受污染的有機溶劑中去除磷、砷、 録、晒、碲、氰及重金屬化合物亦可能。 10 以氧化鐵及/或氧氫氧化鐵為基礎之接觸及吸附顆 粒亦可用於氣相或液相之化學反應催化作用。 許多以吸附劑辅助從水性系統去除微量組分及污 染物的方法亦已知。 例如,德國專利DE-A 3 120 891揭示一種方法, 15 其中過濾作用係使用具粒徑為1至3毫米之活性氧化鋁 進行,以便從地面水分離大部分的磷酸鹽。 德國專利DE-A 3 800 873揭示一種以多孔材料(例 如具微細至中等粒徑之疏水性白堊)為基礎之吸附劑, 以便從水中去除污染物。 20 德國專利DE_A 3 703 169揭示一種製造顆粒化過 濾介質的方法以處理天然水。此吸附劑之製造係藉由在 流體化床中加入粉狀白雲石使高嶺土的水性懸浮液顆粒 化。接著使顆粒在900至950°C下烘烤。 自德國專利DE-A 40 34 417已知一種製造及使用 25供廢氣及廢水純化用之高反應性藥劑。此中揭示由 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂· -·線· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 297公釐) 90. 11. 2,000 1254651
10 15 五、發明說明(3 )
Ca(OH)2加入白土、石塵、夾帶的粉塵及飛灰所組成的 混合物,使呈多孔性且具有約200平方公尺/克之表面 積。 此中所提到的方法及所用的接觸有共同的缺點,為 5 在每一情形中負責選擇性吸附欲清潔之介質組分之成分 (換言之為真正的吸附劑)必須補充大量的添加劑,俾使 其得以成型為顆粒。此大大地降低欲去除之水污染物的 黏附容量。再者,由於用作黏合劑之外來物質首先必須 分開的緣故,因此接續的再處理或材料的再利用是有問 題的。 德國專利DE-A 4 214 487揭示一種從水中去除不 純物的方法及反應器。介質水平地流經一個漏斗狀的反 應器(其中以絮凝形式之細分散的氫氧化鐵用作水不純 物之吸著劑)。此方法的缺點在於使用絮凝形式之氫氧 化鐵,意即由於水與氫氧化鐵間之密度差有稍微的差異 性之緣故,因此,此類型的反應器可在僅相當低的流率 下操作,同時對吸著劑(可能已充滿污染物)有順著水排 出反應器的風險。 曰本專利JP-A 55 132 633揭示顆粒化之紅泥(一種 銘製造過程之副產物)作為砷的吸附劑。此由Fe2〇3、 A1203及Si02所組成。顆粒或顆粒化製程之穩定性貝,j未 提及。此種吸附劑額外的缺點為缺少產物組成一致性及 其不可靠的利用性。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------線丨! 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 20 德國專利DE-A 19 826 186揭示一種製造含氫氧化 鐵之吸附劑的方法。將水性的聚合物分散液合併於水可 25
1254651
五、發明說明(V ) 分散形式的氫氧化鐵中。接著使該混合物乾燥直到達到 固怨為止且接著使固態材料機械地粉碎為所欲之形狀及 /或尺度,或者使混合物視情況在初步乾燥階段後且接 著進行最終乾燥階段(在此過程中得到固態)成型。依此 5方式得到一種材料,其中氫氧化鐵穩固地包含於聚合物 中,且據稱對傳統上含於廢水及廢氣中的污染物顯示出 10 南黏附容量。 此方法的缺點在於使用有機黏合劑,由於有機物質 濾瀝及/或磨蝕的緣故,其進一步地污染欲處理的水。 再者,在擴大用途中無法保證吸附劑複合物的安定性。 細菌及其他微生物亦可以有機黏合劑為營養媒介,造成 微生物可能在接觸劑上繁殖因而污染介質的風險。 外來有機輔助物質(於所用吸附劑之再處理、再循 環或再利用過程,製造吸附劑所必須的)之存在理論上 是不利的,因為純物質的再利用較混合物質的再利用更 無問題。例如,當以氧化鐵為基礎之吸附材料經再利用 為混凝土著色之顏料時,聚合黏合劑是不佳的,因為這 些黏合劑可抑制液態混凝土中之顏料的分散作用。 德國專利DE_A 4 32G G03揭示一種於膠體或顆粒 狀氫氧化鐵辅助下從地下水去除溶解砷的方法。於使用 細懸浮的氫氧化鐵_時,此中建議將氫氧化鐵懸浮液 放在填充顆粒材料或其他具高外部或内部孔隙之載體之 固定床過濾器中。此方法同樣地有一個缺點,相對於吸 附劑”基材+氫氧化鐵”,僅可得到特定的負載容量。再 者於基材與氫氧化鐵之間僅有弱鍵,表示氮氧化鐵或 6 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 15 --------^---------^1 » 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 20 25 本紙張尺^適用中關家標⑽x 297公釐· 90. 11. 2,000 1254651
10 五、發明說明(Γ ) 砷酸鐵在接續處理含砷水期間有被排放的風險。此公 開文獻亦指出顆粒化之氫氧化鐵用作固定床反應器之吸 附材料。顆粒化之氫氧化鐵係藉由在溫度低於_5下冷 凍調節(冷凍乾燥)以酸性鐵(111)鹽溶液中和所得之氫氧 化鐵而製造。此製造方法相當耗能且造成嚴重的鹽污染 之廢水。再者,此製造方法之結果為僅可能具低耐機械 性的極小顆粒。當用於固定床反應器時,其代表藉由操 作過程顆粒的機械磨蝕作用粒徑範圍相當地降低,其亦 造成經污染或未污染之吸附劑的細分散顆粒從反應器被 排出。這些顆粒額外的缺點在於一個事實,倘若顆粒經 長期間儲存乾燥相失水分,則相對於化合物之吸附容量 明顯地降低。 連續式吸附器(其通常成組並聯操作)較佳用於水處 理作用。例如,為了使飲用水不含有機不純物,此種吸 附器填滿活性碳。在尖峰消耗期間,接著並聯操作可利 用的吸附器,以避免流率增加超過特定配置所容許的最 大里。於低水消耗期間,例如個別的吸附器可進行操作 或可進行檢修,藉以吸附材料受到特定的負載,如以下 詳述者。 顆粒(可藉由使用高線性力壓實例如粉狀氧化鐵而 製造)的用途亦已被考慮到。此種顆粒經描述為一種均 相著色之液態混凝土的手段。使用高線性力壓實相當昂 貴及耗能,同時經壓實之材料的安定性對延長於吸附器 甲使用是不適當的。於吸附器(例如特別是連續模式)中 使用此種材料進行水純化作用因而僅引起有限的座趣 90* 11 2,〇〇〇 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 15 -%-------訂---------線丨» 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 20
n I I 社 印 Μ 25 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) n I I - 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 社 印 製 1254651r-—__ 五、發明說明u ) 一 ~— < I附器工廠藉由特別為反沖洗(參見以下)之維修或清 潔過程,由於相關攪動的緣故,此類顆粒損失大量的物 質。經磨蝕的材料促使來自反沖洗的廢水相當混濁。基5於許多理由,這是不能接受的··首先,重載不純物且^ 而長期使用具毒性的吸附材料漏失;其次,廢水流裝載 經磨蝕之材料,其可能沉降、破壞管線系統及最終使廢 棄物處理工廠受到不想要的物理及毒物壓迫(指出幾個 理由)。 本發明之目的因而提供一種以顆粒狀物形式之鐵_ 10氧化合物為基礎接觸劑或一種吸附劑/觸媒,其顯示出 兩耐機械性以及對含於液體及氣體中的污染物高黏附容 量,不需使用有機黏合劑,以達到適當的耐機械性,以 及藉此介質操作之工廠。 此複雜的目的係藉由根據本發明之接觸劑或吸附 劑/觸媒、其製備、其用途及以之填滿之單元而達成。 考慮中之由氧化鐵及/或(氧)氫氧化鐵材料結合少 量鎮或紹氧化物及/或(氧)氫氧化物所組成的材料一如試 驗所示—具有對傳統上含於廢水或廢氣中的污染物之高 黏附谷Ϊ ’且已顯不出適當的财機械及水力性,不需加 入有機黏合劑或無機外來物質。 由於此材料顯示出僅有少含量的外來黏合劑,相較 於先前技藝之吸附劑有額外的優點,在已吸附之污染物 必要時脫離或清除後,其可經完全地處理或用於其他應 用中,例如經研磨後其可用於著色混凝土及其他建築材 料以及用於傳統的顏料塗敷(於塑料、塗料及漆)或供著 8 八 15 20 25 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 90. 11. 2,000 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -線- A7 10 15 1254651 五、發明說明(7 ) 色其他基材(例如樹皮護根層或碎木),由於添加物的量 對著色無太不利的影響之緣故。 β為了製備此種吸附劑,#先製備氧氣氧化鐵及/或 氧化鐵及氫氧化鐵之水性懸浮液,使其乾燥直到固態為 5止同時接著使固態㈣視情況機械地粉碎為所欲之形狀 及/或尺度,或者另-選擇方式為使分散液經機械成型, 視情況預先乾燥為半固態,且接著(進一步)乾燥直到達 固態為止。 、依此方式所得的產物接著可例如藉由粗磨或研磨 進一步粉碎。但是,由於於首度接觸到水時(例如當新 近填充吸附器單元首度充滿水時)產物自然發生尺度減 小的現象,此通常是不必要的。 本發明因而亦關於一種製造含氧化鐵/氧氫氧化鐵 之顆粒狀物形式之吸附劑/觸媒的方法。 根據本發明之材料之製得係藉由混合不同相的氧 化鐵及/或氧氫氧化鐵(包含Fe(0H)2,藉由加入帶有可 變水含量之懸浮或凝膠形式之八1(011)3及/或Mg(0H)2 以固態、半m態、或懸浮形式之純物質形式或任何混合物 形式存在),且接著使該混合物完全脫水或保留某些水 含量(例如藉由過濾作用或蒸發作用),且接著使該固態 或半固態材料經機械粉碎為所欲的形狀及/或尺度, 者使分散液經機械成型,視情況預先乾燥為半固態, 著(額外地)乾燥直到達固態為止。在此方式中,氧化 及/或氧氫氧化鐵穩固地嵌入外來的氧化物或氫氧化2 25基質中。 . I_ 9 本紙張尺度_ +關家標格咖x 297公爱 --------^--------- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 20 90. 11. A7 1254651 B7__ 五、發明說明(没) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 氧化鐵及/或(氧)氫氧化鐵顆粒亦可當場固化··藉 由製備氧化鐵及/或(氧)氫氧化鐵之鹼性懸浮液、加入 Al3+、Mg2+、Ti4+之水性鹽類或其混合物直到充分的 A1(0H)3、Mg(OH)2、TiO(OH)2之難溶性沉澱物或老化 5 產物及其經脫水之二級產物沉澱至懸浮的氧化鐵及/或 (氧)氫氧化鐵顆粒上為止;或者,相反地,藉由加入鹼, 例如 NaOH、Ca(OH)2、KOH、CaC03、Na2C03、K2C03、 NH4OH,使例如 A1(0H)3、Mg(OH)2、TiO(OH)2 之難溶 性沉澱物或老化產物及其經脱水之二級產物沉澱至懸浮 10 於Al3+、Mg2+、Ti4+溶液中的氧化鐵及/或(氧)氫氧化鐵 顆粒上。氧化鋁或(氧)氫氧化鋁亦可從鋁酸鹽懸浮液(例 如NaA102)沉澱在氧化鐵及/或(氧)氫氧化鐵顆粒上。 倘若欲脫水的懸浮液主要不含鹽及/或倘若對操作 中所生成之最終產物的機械強度的需求較低,則較佳為 15 藉由蒸發作用脫水。 --線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 另一選擇方式為可藉由過濾作用進行脫水。可藉由 使用習用的過濾改良措施改善懸浮液的過濾效能,例如 揭示於 Solid-Liquid Filtration and Separation Technology (固-液過渡及分離技術),A· Rushon,A.S· 20 Ward, R.G. Holdich,第 2 版,2000, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim,&KHandbuchderIndustriellenFest/Fltissig-Filtr at ion(工業固 /液分離手冊),H. Gasper,D· 0chsle,E· Pongratz,第 2 版,2000,Wiley-VCH,Weinheim。舉例 來說,因此可將促凝劑加至懸浮液中。 25 欲脫水的懸浮液亦可含碳酸鐵。 10 90. 11. 2,000 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1254651 r--— I_ 五、發明說明(y ) " " ^ -- 。根據本發明之產物可經空氣中及/或真空中及/或乾 燥二中及/或在帶式乾燥器上或在喷霧乾燥器中乾燥: 皿度乾圍為5至300。〇。此材料亦可經冷康乾燥。 根據本發明之產物較佳為具有小於2〇重 5餘水含量。 較佳為藉由研磨將材料粉碎至粒徑範圍在介於〇.5 及20毫米之間❶半固態材料較佳為在造粒或製粒工廠 中或在擠壓機中機械成型,藉以可得到直徑尺度範圍在 介於〇·5及20毫米之間之成型體。 1〇 據發現以此方式所得之顆粒狀物或顆粒具有對含 於水、液體或氣體中的污染物之高黏附容量,且就機械 及水力應力而論,其額外地具有適當地高耐流動介質 性。 特別令人感到驚許的是,在乾燥過程,以Fe(〇H)3、 15處理之氧氫氧化鐵或氧化鐵固化為極硬的附聚物,其不 需加入黏合劑而具有對接觸流動水之高耐機械磨蝕性級 高耐水力性,且其具有對含於水中之污染物及微量組分 之高黏附容量。 氧風氧化鐵顏料(例如針鐵礦)及氧化鐵顏料(例如 20赤鐵礦、磁鐵礦)及/或碳酸鐵適用於本發明。氧化鐵顏 料之製造屬於先前技藝,其係藉由從鐵(11)鹽溶液及氫 氧化鐵之ί儿厥作用及氧化作用及penniman反應及藉由 從鐵(III)鹽溶液之沉澱作用而得。此種顏料可含以α、ρ、 γ、δ、δ’、ε相及Fe(OH)2以及其混合及中間相為基礎之 25 結構。黃氧氫氧化鐵可緞燒為紅氧化鐵。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1^. --線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 90. 11. 2,000
Claims (1)
- 奶4651 六、 申請專利 申請案第90123515號* 修正後㈣ _ΛΓΠβΓ>(ΐΜ f |ρ1ηΊς: ·„ rhinpgp _ Fnrl 广m (s^ 5 2. 10 15 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 20 8. 在種用於讓介質通流(through-flow)的吸附顆粒,特徵 物;/、、3有由氧化鐵及/或氧氫氧化鐵所組成之顆粒狀 你Γ式之吸附劑,其以元素A1、Mg及/或Ti之氧化士 /或(氧)氫氧化物固化。 申明專利範圍第丨項之吸附顆粒,特徵在於,該介 為為氣體。 t申請專利範81第1項之㈣馳,特徵在於,該介 質為液體。 4·如申請專利範圍第1及3項中任-項之吸附顆粒,特 徵在於,該介質為水。 5·根據申請專利範圍第i項之吸附顆粒,其用於水處理 〇 6·根據申請專利範圍第i項之吸附顆粒,其用於供 統。 /、 7· 一種製造吸附劑的方法,特徵在於 ⑻將鋁、鎂及/或鈦的氧化物及/或(氧)氫氧化物或其老 化產物及經脫水之二級產物合併至氧氫氧化鐵,含 Fe(OH)2 ’之水性懸浮液中,且接著 (bl)使該懸浮液乾燥直到達固態為止,且接著使該固 態材料機械地粉碎至所欲的形狀及/或尺度,或者 (b2)使該懸洋液經機械成型,視情況預先乾燥為半固 悲後,接著(額外的)乾燥直到達固態為止。 如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,特徵在於,該氧化鐵 及/或氧氫氧化鐵含以α、β、γ、δ、δ,、ε相及/或 訂 -20 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇χ297公釐) 90444Β-接 2 1254651 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 Fe(OH)2相、含氫鐵礦以及其混合及中間相為基礎之 結構。 9. 如申請專利範圍第7至8項中任一項之方法,其中氧 氫氧化鐵在乾燥期間固化成附聚物及所得之附聚物係 5 用於如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之吸附顆 粒。 10. 如申請專利範圍第7至8項中任一項之方法,其中氧 氫氧化鐵在乾燥期間固化成附聚物及所得之附聚物係 用於氣體純化作用。 10 11.如申請專利範圍第7至8項中任一項之方法,其中氧 氫氧化鐵在乾燥期間固化成附聚物及所得之附聚物係 用於液體純化作用。 12. 如申請專利範圍第7至8項中任一項之方法,其中氧 氫氧化鐵在乾燥期間固化成附聚物及所得之附聚物係 15 用於水處理。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 13. 如申請專利範圍第7至8項中任一項之方法,其中氧 氫氧化鐵在乾燥期間固化成附聚物及所得之附聚物係 用於從水中去除重金屬以及磷、銻、鈹、硒、碲及氰 化合物。 20 14.如申請專利範圍第7至8項中任一項之方法,其中氧 氫氧化鐵在乾燥期間固化成附聚物及所得之附聚物係 用於從水中去除珅。 -21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210x297公釐)
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EP1328478B1 (de) | 2011-03-30 |
ATE503728T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
AU2002218177A1 (en) | 2002-04-08 |
BR0114166B1 (pt) | 2014-10-14 |
CN1466547A (zh) | 2004-01-07 |
DE50115836D1 (de) | 2011-05-12 |
KR100788119B1 (ko) | 2007-12-21 |
JP2012161797A (ja) | 2012-08-30 |
BR0114166A (pt) | 2003-07-29 |
JP2004509751A (ja) | 2004-04-02 |
JP5150033B2 (ja) | 2013-02-20 |
CN1216807C (zh) | 2005-08-31 |
JP5755176B2 (ja) | 2015-07-29 |
US7811360B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 |
KR20030036831A (ko) | 2003-05-09 |
US20020077249A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
CA2423173C (en) | 2013-08-06 |
EP1328478A1 (de) | 2003-07-23 |
US20080271601A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
CA2423173A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 |
WO2002026631A1 (de) | 2002-04-04 |
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