TW579422B - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
TW579422B
TW579422B TW089109915A TW89109915A TW579422B TW 579422 B TW579422 B TW 579422B TW 089109915 A TW089109915 A TW 089109915A TW 89109915 A TW89109915 A TW 89109915A TW 579422 B TW579422 B TW 579422B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
tubes
refrigerant
patent application
heat
Prior art date
Application number
TW089109915A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yoshinori Watanabe
Ryousaku Akimoto
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd
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Publication of TW579422B publication Critical patent/TW579422B/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05341Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05391Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00321Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
    • B60H1/00328Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-air type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0426Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
    • F28D1/0435Combination of units extending one behind the other
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F28F9/0204Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
    • F28F9/0209Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only transversal partitions
    • F28F9/0212Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only transversal partitions the partitions being separate elements attached to header boxes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/028Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using inserts for modifying the pattern of flow inside the header box, e.g. by using flow restrictors or permeable bodies or blocks with channels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • F28F9/262Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators for radiators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B60H1/00021Air flow details of HVAC devices
    • B60H2001/00114Heating or cooling details
    • B60H2001/00121More than one heat exchanger in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D2001/0253Particular components
    • F28D2001/026Cores
    • F28D2001/0266Particular core assemblies, e.g. having different orientations or having different geometric features
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D2001/0253Particular components
    • F28D2001/026Cores
    • F28D2001/028Cores with empty spaces or with additional elements integrated into the cores
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0084Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0085Evaporators

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

A7 A7
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 [發明所屬之領域] 本發明係關於配備於車輛々 鞠用二乳碉節裝置之熱交換器。 [以往之技術] 以往,在車輛用空氣調節裝置中,爲使車室内空氣冷卻 或暖和,設有將車室内空氣在循環過程中加以 之熱交換裝置。 … 忑’為人換裝置’具備氣化器(evaporator)與加熱器 (ter) ’、中’氣化益具有蒸發器之功能,可使流通於冷 媒循環系統之冷媒與空氣間進行熱交換,以冷卻空氣。加 熱器則可使流通於引擎冷卻水循環系統之引擎冷卻水與空 氣間進行熱交換;以加熱空氣。 L年來卩过著環境保護意識鬲羅,電動汽車則受到注 目。由於電動汽車係替代屬於内燃機之引擎而搭載電動機 以作爲驅動源,因此,不會排放會造成大氣污染之廢氣, 可實現乾淨不〉亏染的行車。 在搭載於電動汽車的空氣調節裝置之開發上,所遭遇的 障礙’莫非是由於電動汽車不搭載引擎,致不能對於空氣 週節裝置上之加熱器提供引擎冷卻水以作爲熱源之問題。 於是曾經被檢討過試圖以採取利用習知的熱力泵(heat pump) 式全氣调節裝置之方法,惟,這麼一來,以往,只不過是 當做蒸發器而僅供作冷卻空氣之用的熱交換器(氣化器), 則非使其也須兼備能當做用以加熱空氣的加熱器使用的結 構不可。 於圖7顯示以往之氣化器結構。圖中,符號1爲冷媒流 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準(CNS)A4規格⑽χ 297公
- ---------s'Μ--------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 579422 A7 -- B7 五、發明說明(3 ) 如果將如上述結構之冷凝器佈置於車室内,不用説,當 然可發揮凝聚器應有之功能,惟,倘若將之當作蒸發器使 用時,空氣中濕氣受到冷卻而附在散熱片之凝聚水即將侵 入散熱片之間隙,造成不易除去且妨礙散熱片間之空氣流 通進而使熱交換能力下降之問題。 [欲解決之問題] 如上所述,對於以搭載於電動汽車爲目標之熱力栗方式 空氣調節裝置而言,於以往之車輛用空氣調節裝置中當做 蒸發器或凝聚器使用之氣化器(evap〇rat〇r)或冷凝器 (condensor) ’則不能直接使用,因此,勢必另需以可搭載 於電動汽車爲前提的新穎結構之熱交換器。 本發明乃鑑於上述問題所完成,其目的乃在於提供一種 適合於以供搭載於電動汽車作爲目標之熱力泵(heat pump) 式空氣調節裝置之熱交換器。 [解決問題之手段] 爲解決上述問題之手段,則採用如下列結構之熱交換 器。亦即,申請專利範圍第1項之熱交換器係一種供作搭 配於車輛用2氣調節裝置而用以車室内空氣之冷卻、加熱 炙熱交換器,而以具備:以上下離開而佈設之一對收集管 (header);以縱向佈設在該收集管間,兩端各自連通於兩 收集管内邵之複數支之管(tube);以及佈設在該管間之散 熱片爲其特徵。 於此熱交換器,由於管係佈設成縱向,將該熱交換器當 做蒸發器使用時,可使附著於散熱片表面之凝聚水容易沿 \---------i^w— — — — — — — I— ^« — — — — — — 1— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -6-
579422 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(4 ) 著管而流落於下方,可順利予以除去。 申請專利範圍帛2项之熱交換器,係於申請專利範圍第 1項所述 < 熱父換器中,在上述收集管内設置隔板,使冷 媒之流通路徑往返於上述—對收集管者。 於此熱父換器,在收集管内設置隔板,便可自由自在的 設計構成冷媒之流通路徑,於實際裝配於空氣調節裝置 時,可按照各種條件適當地布局流通路徑。 申請專利範圍第3項之熱交換器,係於申請專利範園第 1項或第2項所述之熱交換器中,更具備有:與上述一對 收集管中任一方成上下離開而佈設之第三收集管;以縱向 佈設在該第三收集管與上述一方之收集管之間,兩端各自 連通於兩收集管内部之複數支之管;以及佈設在該管間之 散熱片者。 於此熱交換器’設置第三收集管,即可使熱交換器之形 狀,除了以往之矩形以外也可造形爲L字型或]字型,因 此搭載於車輛時可避開與其他裝備之干擾而布局。 申請專利範圍第4項之熱交換器,係於申請專利範園第 1 、2或3項所述之熱交換器中,更設有空間佔有部,用 以佔據上述收集管内部之一部分以減少供冷媒流通的區域 之容積者。 於此熱交換器,在收集箱内設置空間佔有部,即可抑制 冷媒滯留現象,可提高冷媒循環效率,使空氣調節裝置運 轉初期的上升時間(到達正常運轉所需時間)縮短。另外, 也能減少流通於冷媒循環系統中之冷媒需要量。 先 閲 讀 背 之 注
Ψ |I# 填聚裝 頁I I訂 % 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 579422 A7 ---- B7 五、發明說明(5 ) 申請專利範圍第5項之熱交換器,係將複數個如申請專 利範園第1、2、3或4項所述之熱交換器疊合而佈置, 且使各熱交換器彼此連接而形成依序循環該熱交換器的冷 媒流通路徑者。 於此熱交換器,將熱交換器疊合佈置,即可在不致使熱 交換器整體的容積增加下獲得所期望之熱交換能力。 [發明之實施形態] 將本發明之熱交換器第1實施形態顯示於圖1及圖2並 説明如下。 圖1所示熱交換器,係將幷流型(parallel flow type)熱交 換器A、B予以疊合,並形成依序循環兩熱交換器a、 B的冷媒之流通路徑所構成之層積型熱交換器。該幷流型 熱交換器A、B ,係具備··以上下離開而佈設之一對收 集管10、11 、佈設在該收集管10、Π間,兩端各自連 通於兩收集管10 、 11内部之複數支之管12 、 12 、 …’;以及佈設在該管間之散熱片13、13、…。 收集管10 、 11由具有圓形剖面之無缝鋼管(seamless pipe)構成,其兩端係以圓形端板密封之。管12係由具有 寬度比收集管10、11之直徑較小的形狀扁平而内部具有 以寬度方向分割成複數個流路之多孔擠出成形管構成,而 以其端邵***於形成在收集管1 〇 、11上之***孔(省略 圖示)並施予硬焊固定,俾能由收集管10 、11分別對其 各個分配冷媒。至於散熱片13 ,其係將帶狀板材予以折 曲加工成波形,使其波形頂部接觸於相鄰近的管12間並 11 裝--------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
579422 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明(8 而且,在各收集管10、u内設置隔板16,便可自由 自在地構成冷媒之流通路徑,尤於實際裝置於空氣調節裝 置時,則可因應各種條件而以增多分區數等方法自由布局 流通路徑。 圖2只不過是其一例子,讲兮為 > 说 J卞,忒该熱父換器而言,於熱交換 器A側,則將管12、12、 八忐-彻八广 ···分成二個分區,於熱交換器 B侧,則分成四個分區,而分配於各分區的管Η之支數 及以熱交換器A (-邊爲多,而比較各分區的流路剖面積 總計時,則以位於流通路徑上游的熱交換A側爲大,而以 位於下游的熱交換器B側爲小。就是説,沿著冷媒之流通 方向,流路剖面積則變得小。 該熱交換器若當做凝聚器使用,則因流通的冷媒之乾度 並非一定,將於凝聚液化之過程中逐漸下降,因此,流路 剖面%依然沿著冷媒泥動方向爲一定時,冷媒壓力則在上 游側爲咼’在下游側爲低。因此,就熱交換器全體來説, 並不一定能稱得起可獲得高耐熱率。同樣地,壓力損失也 不見得能抑得小(在冷媒乾度高而變得高壓之上游侧,壓 力損失將變大,在乾度低而變得低壓之下游側,耐熱率將 下降)。 於是,流路剖面積若能使之如圖2所示般沿著冷媒流動 方向而變得小的話,即能配合冷媒乾度使上游側壓力下 降’使下游侧壓力上升,藉此,熱交換器整體即能獲得高 耐熱率,且也能抑低壓力損失。 該熱交換器若當做蒸發器使用,則因流通的冷媒之乾度 -11- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 x 297公釐) !. 裳--------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 五、發明說明(9 ) 並非主一足,將於蒸發氣化之過程中逐漸升高,因此,流 各d面知依然沿著冷媒流動方向爲一定時,冷媒壓力則在 上游側爲低,在下游側爲高(在冷媒乾度低而變得低壓之 上游側,耐熱率將下降,在乾度高而變得高壓之下游侧, 壓力損失將增大)。 夂而,此種情形下,冷媒之流動方向係循與圖2所示流 通路徑相反方向而流,使得流路剖面積得以沿冷媒流動方 向而變大。因此,能配合冷媒乾度使上游側壓力上升,使 下游側壓力下降,藉此,以熱交換器整體計,不但能獲得 南耐熱率,也能抑低壓力損失。 此外,本實施形悲係就以兩段方式變更冷媒流路剖面積 之情形加以説明,惟只要改變隔板之佈置即可更加以細分 成如三段或四段方式。 將本發明足熱交換器第2實施形態顯示於圖3及圖4並 説明如下。另夕卜,對於上述第1實施形態中已加以説明之 構成要素則附以同一符號並省略其説明。 本實施形態之熱交換器,與第1實施形態同樣,係-種 將并流型熱交換器A、B予以疊合而構成之層積型為交 換器,惟如圖3所示,熱交換器A則呈宛如將其包含下收. 集管11A的-部分切除而變短,並在其宛如被切除般之部 分,則設有與上收集管1()A相對而位於兩收集# i〇a、 UA間之中間收集管(第三收集管)nA。並且,將複數支 管12、12、…佈設於上收集管1〇八與中間收集管之 間,再在各管12間佈設散熱片13、13、。 579422 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明(10 ) 相對地,在熱交換器B也同樣u喑古士 l丨』m地叹有中間收集管ιγΒ, 並將複數支管12、12、…佈設於上收隹其 π又1上收集管10Β與中間收 集管17Β之間,再在各管12間佈設散熱片η 、13 並且,構成熱交換器A的巾間收集管17A與構成熱交換 器B的中間收集管17B,係使其另—端互相連通而連接, 將這些熱交換器A 、 B疊合而成之層積型熱交換器,以 平面視之則呈宛如切除一部分般之L字狀形狀。 圖4顯示於熱交換器A、b間所形成冷媒之流通路 徑。惟爲使冷媒路徑更臻明確,在圖4則將兩熱交換器 A、B予以展開之形態而顯示。 如圖上所示,於各收集管10A、UA、1〇B、nB之内 部,則在各處設有隔板16。 接著,循冷媒流動方向説明繞行熱交換器A、B的流 通路徑如下。首先,經由冷媒輸出輸入管14流入熱交換 器A的上收集管i〇A之冷媒,則爲隔板16ι所阻擋而分開 流入佔據熱交換器A的一側方in之分區PAr之各管12。 流經分區PARi冷媒則流入下收集管11A,而爲下收集管 11A之另一端所阻擋而分開流入佔據熱交換器A的中央 1/3之分區PAC之各管12。流經分區PAc之冷媒則再度流 入上收集管10A ,並爲上收集管10A之另一端所阻擋而分 開流入佔據熱交換器A之另一端側方1/3之分區pal之各 管12 〇 流經分區PAL之冷媒則流入中間收集管17A,然後流入 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 X 297公釐) i*!----------^ - -----訂·----I--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 579422 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明(l2 ) 説明如下。另外’對於上述各實施 分I施形毖中已加以説明之構 成要素則附以同一符號並省略其説明。 如圖5所示,於上收集管1〇A、 <内郅,則以各收 集管長度方向使其中心轴—致之方式佈設 (空間佔有部)2〇。管2G内部之空間係與各收集管内部之 冷媒流路隔絕。此外,雖未圖示,在下收集管HA、 也有佈設管20。 於如上述結構之熱交換器中,由於在各自收集管内部設 置管20 ,可使各收集管内部之冷媒流通區域之容積減 少。因而收集管内部的冷媒滯留現象即受到抑制,使得冷 媒循環效率提高,縮短空氣調節裝置在運轉初期的升起時 間(rising time) 〇 此外,採用剖面爲圓形的管20之理由乃在於在當做空 間佔有部的使用上,因考量其耐壓強度之結果。若將熱交 換器當做凝聚器使用’高溫高壓之冷媒將流入於上游側收 集f 10A ,惟管20若爲圓形的話,就對於由周圍起作用 之高壓力也能充分發揮其耐壓強度。 另外,不一定是限於圖5之管20 ,而如圖6所示設置 以長度方向可把收集管10A隔開之隔板21 ,也能獲得同 樣之效果。但使用平板時不易獲得足夠的耐壓強度,因此 另需考慮增加板厚或加設肋骨等因應措施。 [發明之效果] 如上所陳述,依照本發明之申請專利範圍第1項所述之 熱交換器,由於其管係佈設成縱方向,因此,該熱交換器 -15- 表紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) I" Μ----------------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 22 22 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 B7 五、發明說明(l3.) 富做蒸發器使用時’附著於、 管& & 、 、欢热片表面〈凝聚水容易沿著 去。二流"使凝聚水得以有效率地從散熱片間予以除 下降。、土 ’散熱片間之空氣流通順暢’可防止熱交換能力 依照中請專利範圍第2項所述之熱交換器,由於在收 木皆内設置隔板,可自由自左的杯音蕃 卜 邱目在的任思構成冷媒之流通路 ^ 因此’實際裝配於空翁七用祐世罢RT J·、 ^ Λ凋即衣置時可按照各種條件適 當地布局流通路徑。 依照申請專利範圍帛3項所述之熱交換器,由於設置 了第三收集管,可將熱交換器形狀除以往之短形以外改變 成L孚型或3字型,因此,搭載於車輛時可避開與其他 裝備之干擾而佈置。 依照申請專利範圍第4項所述之熱交換器,由於收集 #内設置空間佔有部,可抑制冷媒滯留現象,提高冷媒之 循環效率,縮短空氣碉節裝置於運轉初期之升起時間。此 外’也可使流通於冷媒循環系統之冷媒需要量減少。 依照申清專利範圍第5項所述之熱交換器,由於將熱 交換器疊合而佈置,可以不致使熱交換器整體之體積增加 下獲得所期望之熱交換能力。 [圖式之簡單說明] 圖1為顯示本發明之熱交換器第1實施形態之斜视圖。 圖2為顯示圖1所示熱交換器中冷媒路徑之展開圖。 圖3為顧示本發明之熱交換器第2實施形態之斜视圖。 圖4為顯示圖3所示熱交換器中冷媒路徑之展開圖。 -16- ^氏張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公愛) ^裝--------訂---------^9— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)

Claims (1)

  1. 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種熱交換器,係搭配在車輛用空氣調節裝置,用以 車室内空氣之冷卻及加熱,其特徵為具備·· 以上下離開而佈設之一對收集管; 佈設在該收集管之間’兩端各自連通於兩收集管内 部之複數支管;以及 以縱向佈設在該管間之散熱片。 2. 如申請專利範圍第i項之熱交換器,其中在上述收集 管内設X隔板使冷媒之流通路徑纟返於上述—對 管間而形成者。 3·如申請專利範圍$ !或2項之熱交換器,其中更具 備·· 〃 以與上述一對收集管中任—方上下離開而佈設之第 三收集管; 以縱向佈設在該第三收集管與上述—方之收集管之 間,兩端各自連通於兩收集管内部之複數支管;以及 佈設於該管間之散熱片者。 4·如申請專利範圍第1或2嚷之熱交換器,其中設有用 以佔據上述收集管内部空間之—部分以使供冷媒流通 之區域的容積減少之空間佔有部。 5.如申請專利範圍第3項之熱交換器,其中設有用以佔 據上述收集管内部空間之一部分以使供冷媒流通之區 域的容積減少之空間佔有部。 …X換器,其特欲為將複數套如申請專利範圍第 1、2、3、4或5項所述之熱交換器疊合而佈置,且使 本紙張尺錢财g g家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 579422 8 8 8 8 A BCD
    ^、申請專利範圍 各熱交換器彼此連接而形成依序循環該熱交換器的冷 媒流通路徑者。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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KR20000077372A (ko) 2000-12-26
DE60012822T2 (de) 2005-08-18
AU740183B2 (en) 2001-11-01
US20030116308A1 (en) 2003-06-26
CA2310360A1 (en) 2000-11-30
DE60012822D1 (de) 2004-09-16
CN1275709A (zh) 2000-12-06
KR100365996B1 (ko) 2002-12-26
CN1254656C (zh) 2006-05-03
EP1058080A1 (en) 2000-12-06
JP2000346568A (ja) 2000-12-15
AU3781600A (en) 2000-12-21
EP1058080B1 (en) 2004-08-11

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