201039683 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 種基於奈米碳管之立 本發明涉及一種立體熱源，尤其涉及一 體熱源。 【先前技術】 熱源在人們之生產、生活、科研中起著重要之作用。立體熱 源係熱源之-種，其特點為立體熱源具有—立體結構，從而謂 〇待加熱物體設置於其内部進行加熱。由於立體熱源可對待加熱物 體之各個部位同時加熱’ 立體熱源具有加熱面廣、加熱均句 且效率較高紐點。立體熱源已成於工_域、科研領域或 生活領域等，如工廒管道、實驗室加熱爐或廚具電烤箱等。 立體熱源之基本結構通常包括—加熱元件。先前之立體熱源 之加熱元件通常採用金屬絲，如鉻鎳合金絲、銅絲、銦絲或鶴絲 等通過鋪設或纏繞之方式形成。然而，採用金屬絲作為加熱元件 ”有以下缺點.其-，金屬絲面容易被氧化，導致局部電阻增 〇 加’從而被燒斷，故使用壽命短；其二，金屬絲為灰錄射，故， 熱輻射效率低，輕射距離短，且輻射不均勻；其三，金屬絲密度 較大，重量大，使用不便。 為解決金屬絲作為加熱元件存在之_，碳纖_為其具有 良好，黑難雜能，密度小點成為加熱元件材料研究之熱 =。碳纖維作為加熱元_，通纽碳_紙之形式存在。所述 ^纖維紙包括紙基材和纖分佈於該紙基射之时基碳纖維。 、中、°氏基材包括纖維素纖維和樹脂等的混合物，瀝青基碳鐵雉 之直被為3絲〜6毫米’長度為5微米〜2晴米。然而，採用碳鐵維 3 201039683 •、'讀為加熱元件具有以下缺點：其-’由於該碳纖維紙中之瀝青 基=維魏分佈’所賴韻雜之強度較小，紐較差，容 易破4 ’同樣具有壽命較短之缺點；其二，碳纖維紙之電熱轉換 效率較低，不利於節能環保。 、 自九十年代初以來，以奈米碳管(請參見Heiicai 如此uies时 graphitic carbon，Nature，SumiG Iijima，vgI 354, p56(1991))為代表之 奈米材料以其觸之結構及性質狀了人們極大之關注。近幾年 ❹來’隨著奈米碳管及奈料料研究之不斷深人，其廣闊之應用前 景不斷顯現出來。范守善等人於民國95年6月16日申請的，於民國 97年1月1曰公開之一篇公開號為2〇〇8〇〇793之台灣公開專利申請 ^公開了 -種奈米柔性電熱材料。該電熱材料包括—柔性基體及 錄在所述紐基體巾之複數奈祕管。該複絲米碳管以粉末 態存在，彼關結合力鄉，無法形成—具有特定形狀之自支擇 結構。將該粉末態之奈米碳管與聚合物溶液混合時，該粉末態之 奈米碳管極㈣聚’從*導致奈米碳管在基體巾分散不均句。為 ❹ 了避免奈米碳管在聚合物溶液中分散時之團聚現象，—方面，在 分散之過程中需要通過超聲波振盪處理該奈米碳管與聚合物溶液 之混合物，另一方面，該電熱材料中奈米碳管之質量百分含量不 能太而，僅為0.1〜4%。 而且’奈米碳管在經過上述分散處理之後，即使奈米碳管彼 此間能夠相互接觸，其結合力也較弱，無法形成一自支撐之奈米 碳管結構。由於奈米碳管含量少，熱電材料之熱回應速度不夠^^ 電熱轉換效率不夠高，故該電熱材料之發熱溫度不夠高，限制、了 其應用範圍。另外，為了使奈米碳管在液相中分散，製備電熱材 4 201039683 .Γ:=:_合物材料’聚合物材料耐熱溫度較 基趙材米碟管形成電熱材料之方法限制了 【發明内容】 有蓉於此，確有必要提供—種雜轉換效率高， 乾圍較寬之立體熱源。 知…W皿度 一種立體熱源包括-加熱元件及至少兩- ο 包括基體及複數奈米碳管分佈於該基體中。該至少個2、、70件 設置且分別與該加熱元件電連接。所述加熱元件構成—個 二維結構，該加熱元种之複㈣米碳管城 : 米碳管結構。 :體熱源包括一加熱元件及至少兩個電極。該加敎元件 碳管複合結構。該至少兩㈣極與該加熱元件 加熱元件構成-個中空之三維結構，所述奈 構包括至少-自支撐之奈米碳管結構以及與該 米碳管結構複合之基體。 文筏之奈 一種立體熱源包括-中空之三較撐結構，—域元件盥至 少兩個電極。該加熱元件設置於該中空之三 奈未石厌官結構及與該至少-奈米碳管結構複合之基體。 與先前技術相比較，所述之立體熱源具有以下優點：由於該 奈米碳管結構為-自支標結構，該自支撐之奈米碳管基體: 直接複合，可《錢形狀域轉中料碳 _ 持-奈米碳管結構之形態，從而使加熱元件中奈米職= 5 201039683 .分触彡成導電纟驟，又衫奈純红加w財職狀溶液 ^分散濃度之_，進硫奈米碳f在加熱元件中之質量百分含 使該熱源具有較高之賴轉換效率，且發熱溫度 軌圍較寬。 【實施方式】 ο 以下將結合附圖詳細說明本發明之立體熱源及 請參酬〗及圖2,為本發明第—實施例提供:種 ⑻。該立體熱請包括-中空之三維支撐結構脱一祕元 於:1Γ第一電極110及一第二電極112。該加熱元件104設置 極二I之Γ維支樓結構102之絲。該第1極110和第二電 電源從而流過電流。 接，用於使所迷加熱元件⑽接通 :中=之三維支撐結構1〇2用於支樓加熱元件鮮使加熱 70 械立體結構，該立體結構定義-*門，#加埶-杜 1〇4矸作益叙士 a人从 餅又我工間’使加熱7G件 〇 Γ主rf ，從懈加熱元件·之加孰 效率。中空之三維支撐 々刀.、、、 者該中*之1古^ 硬性材料或柔性材料製成。 二樹ίΓΐΓΓ102選擇硬性材料時，其可為陶变、玻 2=等中之一種或幾種。當中空之三維支樓結 中之-種或幾種。當該巾空 纖，准辜 其在使用時還可根據需要f折;102選擇柔性材料時， 二，由硬:材料製成。所述中空之三維支撑結 構，其具體可根據實際結構’也可為半封閉結 而要如被加熱兀件之結構進行改變。該中 201039683 空之三維支撐結構102 空之三維支撐結構搬之；•狀、雜、長方體狀等。中 長方形等。在本==形狀亦 曼管，錢截面為-圓形。I二維支撐結構102為一空心陶 =口熱元件撕可設置於中空之三維 結構搬之外表面。所IΓ 04設置於中空之三維支擇 Ο Ο 該奈米碳管複Μ士構可、/…70件104包括一奈来碳管複合結構， 支撐結構102口之絲°;:: _未示）設置於中空之三維 合結構也啊職财齡in射為雜。錄米碳管複 ΐ=。縣料料細歡長度、寬纽厚度不t #人® 2二敎#結構為可選擇結構，#加熱元件104可自 支撐3圍形成-立體結構時，可無需三維支樓結構102。 私η米碳管複合結構包括—奈米碳管結構以及基體材料。 為—自她構。所謂“自支撐結構，，即該奈米碳 hi a過-支撐財撐，也能縣 過凡德瓦爾力相互則，如使奈米碳管結構具树定之形Γ 所述奈未碳官結射之奈米碳管包括單壁奈米碳f、雙壁太米石户 管及多壁奈米碳管中之—種或多種。所述_奈米碳管之^徑為人 0.5奈米〜5G奈米’所述雙壁奈米碳管之直徑為1G奈米〜如 所述多壁絲碳管之直徑為L5奈米〜料米。本發财，^米 碳官結構為層狀或線狀結構。由於該奈米嫂管結構具有自支撐 性，在不通過支顧支撐時仍可保持層狀或線狀結構。該奈米^ 7 201039683 管結構中奈米碳管之間具有大量間隙，從而使該奈米碳管結構具 有大里孔隙，所述基體材料渗入該孔隙中，與所述奈米碳管結構 緊密結合。所述孔隙之直徑小於10微米。所述奈米碳管結構之單 位面積熱容小於2χΐσ4焦耳每平方厘米_文。優選地，所述奈 米碳官結構之單位面積熱容可小於等於.7χ1〇-6焦耳每平方厘米開 爾文。具體地，所述絲碳管結構可包括至少—奈米碳管膜、^ 少一奈米碳管線狀結構或其組合。201039683 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The invention relates to a stereo heat source, and more particularly to a monolithic heat source. [Prior Art] Heat sources play an important role in people's production, life, and research. The three-dimensional heat source is a kind of heat source, which is characterized in that the three-dimensional heat source has a three-dimensional structure, so that the object to be heated is disposed inside the body for heating. Since the three-dimensional heat source can simultaneously heat various parts of the object to be heated, the three-dimensional heat source has a wide heating surface, a heating sentence, and a high efficiency. Stereoscopic heat sources have been established in the field of engineering, research or life, such as industrial pipes, laboratory furnaces or kitchen ovens. The basic structure of a three-dimensional heat source typically includes a heating element. The heating element of the previous three-dimensional heat source is usually formed by laying or winding a wire such as a chrome-nickel wire, a copper wire, an indium wire or a crane wire. However, the use of a wire as a heating element has the following disadvantages: - the wire surface is easily oxidized, resulting in local resistance increase and 'burning, so the service life is short; second, the wire is gray-shot, Therefore, the heat radiation efficiency is low, the light-lighting distance is short, and the radiation is uneven; thirdly, the wire has a large density, a large weight, and is inconvenient to use. In order to solve the problem that the wire is used as a heating element, the carbon fiber has good, Black hard energy, small density becomes the heat of research on heating element materials. Carbon fiber exists as heating element _, Tongxin carbon_paper. The fiber paper includes paper substrate and fiber distributed on the paper base. Time-base carbon fiber. The medium- and low-temperature substrate consists of a mixture of cellulose fibers and resin. The pitch-based carbon iron is straightened to 3 filaments to 6 mm' length of 5 micrometers to 2 square meters. However, carbon iron is used.维3 201039683 •, 'Reading as a heating element has the following disadvantages: it - 'Because the pitch of the carbon fiber paper = Wei Wei distribution' is less intense, the New Zealand is poorer, and it is easy to break 4 ' Shortcomings; Second, carbon fiber paper has low electrothermal conversion efficiency, which is not conducive to energy conservation and environmental protection. Since the early 1990s, carbon nanotubes have been used (see Heiicai such uies when graphitic carbon, Nature, SumiG Iijima, vgI 354, p56 (1991) )) The nanomaterials represented by the company have attracted great attention due to their structure and properties. In recent years, with the deep research of nano carbon tubes and naphthalene materials, its broad application prospects continue. It was revealed that Fan Shoushan and others applied for the Taiwan Open Patent Application No. 2〇〇8〇〇793 published in the Republic of China on January 16, 1995. The flexible electric heating material comprises: a flexible substrate and a plurality of navel tubes recorded in the neon body towel. The multifilament carbon tube exists in a powder state, and the bonding strength is not formed. Self-selective structure. When the powdered carbon nanotubes are mixed with the polymer solution, the powdered carbon nanotubes (four) poly' from * causes the carbon nanotubes to disperse in the base towel. Avoiding carbon nanotubes in polymers In the process of agglomeration in the dispersion of liquid, in the process of dispersion, the mixture of the carbon nanotube and the polymer solution needs to be treated by ultrasonic vibration, and on the other hand, the mass percentage of the carbon nanotube in the electrothermal material It can't be too much, only 0.1~4%. Moreover, after the above-mentioned dispersion treatment, even if the carbon nanotubes can contact each other, the bonding force is weak, and a self-supporting nanocarbon cannot be formed. Tube structure. Due to the low content of carbon nanotubes, the thermal response speed of thermoelectric materials is not enough ^^ The electrothermal conversion efficiency is not high enough, so the heating temperature of the electrothermal materials is not high enough, which limits its application range. In addition, in order to make nano carbon The tube is dispersed in the liquid phase to prepare an electric heating material. 4 201039683 . Γ:=: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ It is indeed necessary to provide a three-dimensional heat source with high conversion efficiency and wide dry circumference. Knowing that a three-dimensional heat source includes a heating element and at least two - ο comprising a matrix and a plurality of carbon nanotubes distributed in the matrix. The at least two, 70 pieces are disposed and electrically connected to the heating element, respectively. The heating element constitutes a two-dimensional structure, and the heating element is a complex (four) meter carbon tube city: a carbon tube structure. The body heat source includes a heating element and at least two electrodes. The twisting element carbon tube composite structure. The at least two (four) poles and the heating element heating element form a hollow three-dimensional structure comprising at least a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure and a matrix composited with the carbon nanotube structure. A three-dimensional heat source consists of a hollow three-support structure, and a domain element has at least two electrodes. The heating element is disposed on the hollow three-dimensional structure and a matrix composited with the at least-carbon nanotube structure. Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional heat source has the following advantages: since the carbon nanotube structure is a self-supporting structure, the self-supporting carbon nanotube substrate: direct compounding, and the "money shape domain transfer material" Carbon _ holding - the shape of the carbon nanotube structure, so that the heating element in the nano-service = 5 201039683. Touching the 彡 into a conductive 纟, and the 奈 奈 pure red plus w financial position solution ^ dispersion concentration _, into The mass percentage of the thiocarbon carbon f in the heating element is such that the heat source has a higher conversion efficiency and the heating temperature rail circumference is wider. [Embodiment] The following is a detailed description of a three-dimensional heat source of the present invention and FIG. 2 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which is provided in the first embodiment of the present invention: (8). The three-dimensional heat includes a hollow three-dimensional support structure for removing a first element 110 and a second electrode 112. The heating element 104 is provided with a wire of the pole structure 1 of the pole. The first pole 110 and the second electric power source thereby flow a current. Connected, used to turn on the heating element (10): the medium-sized three-dimensional support structure 1〇2 is used for the heating element of the branch building to heat the 70-dimensional three-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional structure defines - * door, #加埶-杜1 〇 4 矸 益 叙 a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a The three-dimensional support of the hollow is made of a hard material or a flexible material. When the second tree 选择 102 selects a hard material, it may be one or more of ceramic change, glass 2 =, and the like. When the hollow three-dimensional branch is in the species or several. When the towel is hollowed out, it can be folded as needed during use; 102 when the flexible material is selected, and second, made of hard: material. The hollow three-dimensional support structure may be specifically changed according to the actual structure 'or a semi-closed junction as the structure of the heated element. The three-dimensional support structure of the empty three-dimensional support structure 102 of 201039683 is moved; • shape, miscellaneous, rectangular shape and the like. Medium rectangle, etc. In this == shape also MAN tube, the money cross section is - round. The two-dimensional support structure 102 is a hollow ceramic = the hot element tear can be disposed on the outer surface of the hollow three-dimensional structure. The IΓ 04 is set in the hollow three-dimensional selection Ο Ο The nano carbon tube complex gentleman structure, /... 70 pieces 104 including a carbon nanotube composite structure, the support structure 102 wire °;:: _ not shown ) It is set in the hollow three-dimensional structure. Recorded carbon nanotubes ΐ=. The length of the material and the thickness of the wide material are not t #人® 2二敎# The structure is an optional structure. When the heating element 104 can form a three-dimensional structure from the support, the three-dimensional structure 102 can be omitted. The private η m carbon tube composite structure includes a carbon nanotube structure and a matrix material. For - from her constitution. The so-called "self-supporting structure, that is, the nano carbon hi a-support financial support, can also pass the van der Waals force to each other, such as the shape of the carbon nanotube structure." The carbon nanotubes include one or more kinds of single-walled nano carbon f, double-walled smectite household pipes, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The diameter of the carbon nanotubes is 0.5 nm. The diameter of the double-walled carbon nanotube of 5G nanometer is 1G nanometer~ The diameter of the carbon nanotube of the multi-walled wire is L5 nanometer-meter rice. The wealth of the carbon nanotube structure is layered or Linear structure. Due to the self-supporting structure of the nanotube, the layered or linear structure can be maintained without supporting the support. The nanometer has a large number of carbon nanotubes in the tube structure. a gap, such that the carbon nanotube structure has a large inner pore, the matrix material infiltrates into the pore, and is tightly bonded to the carbon nanotube structure. The pore has a diameter of less than 10 micrometers. The carbon nanotube structure The heat capacity per unit area is less than 2 χΐ σ 4 joules per square centimeter. Preferably, the unit area heat of the nano carbon official structure is May be less than or equal .7χ1〇-6 Joules per square centimeter Kelvin Specifically, the carbon filament tube structure may comprise at least - a carbon nanotube film, a carbon nanotube ^ less linear structure, or a combination thereof.
所述奈米碳讀合結構可包括—層狀奈米碳管複合結構或至 少-線狀奈米碳管複合結構設置在中空之三維支撐結構ι〇2 面。 所述層狀奈米碳管複合結構為二維結構。該層狀奈来碳管複 合結構可包裹或纏繞在中空之三維支樓結構1〇2之外表面也可 通過枯結劑或機械方絲附或固定於中空之三維支樓結構ι〇2之 内表面。爾麵碳钱構絲體材料之複合方紅獨， 狀奈米碳管複合結構之具體結構包括以下兩種情形. 第:種情形’請參閱圖3，所述層狀奈米礙管複合結構包括一 2044 2042 不未0結構2G44中。該層狀之奈米碳管結構綱巾具有大量 =’ ’_層狀之奈米碳管結構綱4之 結_4包括複數奈米碳管膜時， 當該層狀之奈米碳管結構綱4 4 g線狀、4時，該概料碳管線狀結構可平彳·設置、 8 201039683 •交又設置士或編織成一層狀自支撐結構。當該層狀奈求碳管結構 2044同時包括奈米喊管膜和奈米碳管線狀結構時，所述奈求碳管 線狀=構設=於至少—奈米碳管膜之至少一表面。 第種f月幵凊參閱圖4，所述層狀奈米石炭管複合結構包括一 土體1〇42以及奈麵管結構2G44複合⑽基體測2中。該基 $綱2為層狀結構’且該奈米碳管結構綱分佈於絲體搬 二優選地’該奈米碳管結構2〇44在基體旗2中均勻分佈。請 ο 太11閱圓1胃該奈米碳管結構2044為複數平行且聽設置之 =碳管線狀結構時’該奈米碳管線狀結構由第1極加延伸 ϋ極m ’本實施例中，奈米碳管線狀結構由中空之 撐結構102之-端延伸至另一端。 又 所述線狀奈米碳管複合結構包 基體材料滲透於該太半夢給心 木厌S線狀結構以及一 構之砉。_ τ ^ S線狀、、，。構令或包覆於奈米碳管線狀結 合姓構時。圖5，當該加熱元件104為單個線狀奈米碳管複 ο 之= 管複合結構可直接纏繞於所述中空 第之内表面或外表面。請-併參閱圖1， 結構之_』：：=；：：：^嶋米碳管複合 9 1 大致+仃。请參閱圖6,當 2 米碳管複合結構時，該複數線狀;f複數線狀奈 編織成-層狀結構，然_繞或f設置或 102表面。 H於所述中空之三維支撐結構 201039683 •、，所述奈米碳管膜可包括奈米碳管拉膜、奈料管絮化膜或奈 米碳=賴膜。所述奈米碳管線狀結構可包括至少—個奈米碳管 線、稷數奈米碳管線平行排顺成之絲結構或複數奈米碳管線 相互扭轉組成之絞線結構。 、所述奈米碳管膜包括均勻分佈之奈米碳管，奈米碳管之間通 過凡德瓦爾^緊密結合。該奈米碳f膜中之奈米碳管為無序或有 序排列。坆裏無序指奈米碳管之排列方向無規律，這裏有序指至 >多數奈米碳管之刺方向具有—定規律。具舰 ❹軌括無序_之奈米碳管時，奈米碳管相互賴或者各向^ 當奈米碳管結構包括有賴狀奈米碳管時，奈米碳管沿 向或者複數方向擇優取向排列。本實施例中，優選地，所 包括複朗4設置之奈米碳㈣，麟奈米碳管 敎©雍、、為G，5奈米〜1絲。可以理解，奈米碳管結構之 之厚ί越Γ與ί厚度有關。在相同面積之情況Τ，奈米碳管結構 ❹熱回應速度越快。私反之不未石反官結構之厚度越小， 述二米喊拉臈為從—奈米碳管_中拉取所獲得之奈米 反吕、述奈米碳管結構可包括一層夺+碳;膜·、 奈米碳管拉膜。奈_管_包括概 行於奈米碳管拉模表面排列之奈米碳管二二==平 凡德瓦爾力首尾柄連。請來閱圖7及=/从奈未叙官之間通過 複數連續且定―}" 圖8 ’母一奈米碳管拉膜包括 ⑷通卿钢段143。該複編破管片段 互平行之奈奸其百尾相連。每一奈来碳管片段143包括複數相 y、心5,该複數相互平行之奈米碳管145通過凡德 201039683 ==接所=姆片段143具有任意的寬度、厚度、 寬I拉取f拉膜之厚度為α5奈米〜娜微米， 寬度”拉取.亥不米碳管拉膜之奈米碳管陣列之 97 ^8"16 Ο Ο ΓΛ辦請“奈米碳麵結構及其製備方法，，，申, 切帛精紅業（深圳）有限公司。為節省篇幅，僅引用於 ^但ΐ述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發日科請技術揭露之二 理解的是’當該奈米碳管結構由奈米碳管拉膜组成， 且奈米碳管結構之厚度比較小時，例如小於 太乎 =有报好的_度，聽光衬_ 9G%，可胁製;:卡= 當所述奈米碳管結構包括兩相上之奈米碳管拉膜時 數層奈米碳錄_互疊加設置纽般置。轉兩層奈 拉膜中之擇優取向排列之奈米碳管之間形成一交又角度α，^ 2於〇度且小於等於90度（〇。通。）。所述複數層奈米碳管 拉膜之間或-個奈米碳管拉膜之中之相鄰之奈米碳管之間且有— 定間隙’從而在奈米碳管結射形賴數絲，絲之尺寸约小 於1〇微米以使所述基體滲入這些孔隙中。 1斤述不米奴g·絮化膜為通過—絜化方法形成之奈米碳管膜， ，奈米碳管絮倾包括相·繞且均勻分佈之奈米碳管。奈米碳 官之長度大於10微米，優選為200微米〜900微米。所述奈米碳^ 之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引、纏繞，形成網絡狀結構。所述: 米碳管絮化膜各向職。所述奈米碳管絮化财之奈米碳管為二 11 201039683The nanocarbon read structure may include a layered carbon nanotube composite structure or a at least a linear carbon nanotube composite structure disposed on a hollow three-dimensional support structure ι2 surface. The layered carbon nanotube composite structure has a two-dimensional structure. The layered carbon nanotube composite structure can be wrapped or wound around the outer surface of the hollow three-dimensional branch structure 1〇2, and can also be attached or fixed to the hollow three-dimensional branch structure by the dry agent or the mechanical square wire. The inner surface. The composite structure of the carbonaceous structure of the surface carbon material is the same, and the specific structure of the composite structure of the carbon nanotubes includes the following two cases. The first case: 'Please refer to FIG. 3, the layered nano-barrier composite structure Includes a 2044 2042 not 0 structure in 2G44. The layered carbon nanotube structure skeleton has a large number of layers of the carbon nanotube structure 4 of the layer _4 including the plurality of carbon nanotube films, when the layered carbon nanotube structure Outline 4 4 g linear, 4 o'clock, the carbon line structure of the material can be flat and set, 8 201039683 • The cross is set or woven into a layer of self-supporting structure. When the layered carbon nanotube structure 2044 includes both a nanotube membrane and a nanocarbon line-like structure, the carbon nanotubes are linearly patterned to at least one surface of at least the carbon nanotube membrane. Referring to FIG. 4, the layered nano-carboniferous composite structure includes a soil body 〇42 and a surface tube structure 2G44 composite (10) matrix. The base 2 is a layered structure ' and the carbon nanotube structure is distributed to the filament body. 2 The carbon nanotube structure 2〇44 is evenly distributed in the base flag 2. Please ο too 11 read round 1 stomach, the carbon nanotube structure 2044 is a plurality of parallel and listen to the setting = carbon line-like structure 'the nanocarbon line-like structure from the first pole plus extension pole m ' in this embodiment The nanocarbon line-like structure extends from the end of the hollow support structure 102 to the other end. Further, the linear carbon nanotube composite structure package base material is infiltrated into the smear structure and the structure of the structure. _ τ ^ S line, ,,. When the structure is ordered or coated with a nanocarbon line to form a surname. Figure 5, when the heating element 104 is a single linear carbon nanotube, the tube composite structure can be wound directly onto the hollow inner surface or outer surface. Please - and refer to Figure 1, the structure of the _"::=;:::^ 嶋米 carbon tube composite 9 1 roughly + 仃. Referring to Fig. 6, when the 2 m carbon tube composite structure, the plural linear shape; f complex linear nepheline is woven into a layered structure, and then _wrap or f set or 102 surface. H in the hollow three-dimensional support structure 201039683 •, the carbon nanotube film may include a carbon nanotube film, a tube frit film or a nano carbon film. The nanocarbon line-like structure may comprise a strand structure in which at least one carbon nanotube line, a tantalum nano carbon line parallel lined filament structure or a plurality of nano carbon lines are twisted to each other. The carbon nanotube film comprises uniformly distributed carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes are tightly bonded by van der Waals. The carbon nanotubes in the nanocarbon film are disordered or ordered. The disorder in the scorpion refers to the irregular arrangement of the carbon nanotubes. Here, the order of the carbon nanotubes has a certain regularity. When the ship's rails are disordered, the carbon nanotubes are mutually dependent or in each direction. When the carbon nanotube structure includes the laminar carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes are preferentially oriented in the direction of the direction or the plural. Orientation. In the present embodiment, preferably, the nano carbon (4), the lining carbon tube 敎©雍, and the G, 5 nm to 1 wire are provided. It can be understood that the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure is related to the thickness of the ί. In the case of the same area, the carbon nanotube structure is hotter and faster. Privately, the smaller the thickness of the stone anti-official structure, the second meter shouting is the nano-anti-Lu, which can be obtained from the carbon nanotube _, and the carbon nanotube structure can include a layer of carbon + carbon. ; membrane ·, carbon nanotube film. Nai_tube_includes the carbon nanotubes that are arranged on the surface of the carbon nanotube die. The second and the second are the first and last handles. Please refer to Figure 7 and =/ from the Naiwei Xuguan through the plural continuous and set "}" Figure 8 'mother-nano carbon tube film including (4) Tongqing steel section 143. The replica of the broken pipe fragments are parallel to each other. Each of the carbon nanotube segments 143 includes a plurality of phases y, a core 5, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes 145 parallel to each other pass through the van der 201039683 == joint = the segment 143 has an arbitrary width, thickness, width I, f The thickness of the film is α5 nm~na micron, and the width is “pull.” The carbon nanotube array of the black carbon nanotube film is 97^8"16 Ο Ο ΓΛ 请 “Nano carbon surface structure and its preparation Method,,, Shen, Chee Hong Kong (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. In order to save space, only the reference to ^ but the application of all technical disclosures should also be regarded as the second day of the technical disclosure. The understanding of the second carbon tube structure is composed of nano carbon tube film, and nano The thickness of the carbon tube structure is relatively small, for example, less than too = there is a good _ degree, the light lining _ 9G%, can be threatened;: card = when the carbon nanotube structure includes two phases of nano carbon When the tube is pulled, the number of layers of nanometer carbon is recorded. The alternating carbon nanotubes of the preferred orientation alignment in the two-layered Naira film form an intersection angle α, ^ 2 in the twist and less than or equal to 90 degrees (〇. pass.). Between the plurality of layers of carbon nanotubes or between adjacent carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube film and having a certain gap, thereby forming a number in the carbon nanotubes The filaments, the size of the filaments are less than about 1 micron to allow the matrix to penetrate into the pores. 1 kg of non-minu g·flocculation membrane is a carbon nanotube membrane formed by the method of deuteration, and the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotubes comprise phase-coiled and uniformly distributed carbon nanotubes. The length of the nanocarbon is greater than 10 microns, preferably from 200 microns to 900 microns. The nanocarbons are attracted to each other and entangled by van der Waals forces to form a network structure. Said: m-carbon tube flocculation film is a job. The carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotubes are two carbon nanotubes 11 201039683
勻分佈，無規則排列，形成大量之孔隙結構，孔隙尺寸約小於l〇 微米。所述奈米碳管絮化膜之長度和寬度不限。請參閱圖9,由於 在奈米碳管絮化膜中，奈米碳管相互纏繞，故該奈米碳管絮化膜 具有很好的柔韌性，且為一自支撐結構，可彎曲折疊成任意形狀 而不破裂。所述奈米碳管絮化膜之面積及厚度均不限，厚度為丄 微米〜1毫米，優選為100微米。所述奈米碳管絮化膜及其製備方 法請參見范守善等人於民國96年5月11日申請的’於民國97年 11月16曰公開之公開號為200844041之台灣公開專利申請“奈米 碳官薄膜之製備方法”，申請人：鴻富錦精密工業（深圳）有限公 司。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此’但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視 為本發明申請技術揭露之一部分。 所述奈米碳管碾壓膜為通過碾壓一奈米碳管陣列形成之奈米 碳管膜。該絲鮮雜膜包括柄分佈之絲碳管，奈米碳管 沿同-方向或不同方向擇優取向排列。奈米碳管也可係各向同 性。所述奈米碳管贼财之奈米碳管相互部分交疊，並通過凡 2爾力相互吸5丨，緊密結合，使得該奈米碳管結構具有很好的 2性，可曲折疊成任意形狀而树裂。且由於奈米碳管礙壓 半山^奈米碳官之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引，緊密結合，使奈 壓為-自支#之結構。所述奈米碳f賴财通過礦 :二=列獲得。所述奈米碳管賴膜中之奈米碳管與形 ===_，，該夾_加在奈Li 1力越大，该夾角越小，優選地，該太乎浐其 塗臈中之奈米碳管平行於該生錄底排列。依據賴 12 201039683 • 同，該奈米碳管碾壓膜中之奈米碳管具有不同之排列形式。請參 閱圖ίο，當沿同一方向碾壓時，奈米碳管沿一固定方向擇優取向 排列。請參閱圖11，當沿不同方向碾壓時，奈米碳管沿不同方向 擇優取向湖。當從奈米碳管_之上方垂直賴奈米碳管陣列 時，奈米碳管碾壓膜係各向同性的。該奈米碳管碾壓膜中奈米碳 管之長度大於50微米。 ο 〇 該奈米碳管碾壓膜之面積和厚度不限，可根據實際需要選 擇，如被加熱物體所要加熱之時間。該奈米碳管碾壓膜之面積= ，米碳管_之尺寸基本相同。該奈米碳管雜膜厚度與奈米碳 管陣列之高度以及碾麼之壓力有關，可為i微米〜j毫米。可以= 解’奈米碳管卩車狀高度越大而施加之壓力越小，職備之奈米 碳管礙顧之厚度越大，反之，奈米碳管陣列之高度越小而^加 之壓力越大’則製備之奈米碳管碾壓膜之厚度越小。所述夺米碳 管賴臈之中之相鄰之奈米碳管之間具有—定間隙，從而^米 碳官礙壓膜中形成複數孔隙，孔隙之尺寸約小於1〇微米。所述太 米碳管雜膜及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於民國如料月2丁9 曰申請’概國98年1月1日公職為20_()348之台灣公開真 输薄_嶽，，，懷：輸帛精密工業（深 ’但請所有技術 揭露也應視為本發明申請技術揭露之一部分。 太當所述奈米碳管結構選用奈米碳管線狀結構，其包括至少一 :=!祕。當奈米碳管線狀結構包括複數根奈米纖線 $不米_長線平行設置或相互螺旋雜。 '' 所述奈米碳管線可為非扭轉之奈求碳管線或扭轉之奈米碳管 13 201039683 線。該非扭轉之奈料管料將 得到。請參閱圓12，該非扭轉太二厌^拉膜通過有機溶劑處理 線長度方向排列並首尾相連之炭管線包括複數沿奈米碳管 米碳管線包括複數奈米碳管片段;，:广:。優選地，該非扭轉之奈 凡德瓦爾力首尾相連，每—太^4複數奈米碳管片段之間通過 過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合之奈段包括複數相互平行並通 Ο 〇 長度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。該麵有任意之 直徑為0.5奈米〜100微米，優，=不未反吕線長度不限， 為10微米〜100微米。 該非扭轉之奈米碳管線直徑 兩端沿相反方向扭^械力將所述奈米碳管拉膜 括複數繞絲碳管__ 碳管線包 之奈米碳管線包括複數衫。優選地’該扭轉 通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相:該複數奈瓣 並通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合之夺;括複數相互平行 音之善疮、度吞〈不木妷官。該奈米碳管片段具有任 及形狀°該扭轉之奈米碳管線長度不限， j .不未.微米。所述奈米碳 =等人於民國91年…日帽的，於民國料= 二_239 ^灣公告專利“一種奈米碳管繩及其 ^方法，申言月人··鴻富錦精密工業（深训）有限公司，以及於 ;國94年Π月Μ日公開公概為·72·6之台灣公開專利申 二不米& & 4及其製作方法”，φ請人：鴻富錦精密工業（深圳） 有限公司。為節省篇幅，僅4丨田 ,,^ , 僅W用於此，但上述申請所有技術揭露 也應視為本發明申請技術揭露之一部分。 14 201039683 • 進—步地’可_—揮發財機溶舰雌扭轉之夺米碳管 線。在揮發性有機溶劑揮糾產生之表面張力之作用下，處理後 之扭轉之奈米石炭管線中相鄰之奈米碳管通過凡德 合:使扭轉之奈料管線之_及比表丨二 其岔度及強度進一步增大。 由於該奈米碳管線為採时機溶劑或機械力處理上述太 ==!，該奈米碳管拉膜為自支據結構，故該奈米碳;線也 為自支撐、（構。糾，由於該奈·管財相鄰奈米碳管間存在 間隙，故該奈米碳管線具有大量孔隙，孔隙的尺寸約小於1〇微米。 本發明實施例之奈米碳管結構包括複數沿相同方向層疊設置 之奈米破管減’從而使奈米碳料射奈米碳料沿同一方向 擇優取向排列。 〇 所述基體之材料可選自高分子材料或非金屬材料等。該基體 或形成該基體之前驅體在一定溫度下為液態或氣態，從而使該基 體或該基體之前驅體在立體熱源卿之加熱元件辦之製備過程 中能夠滲f _奈米碳f結構之_或孔财，並戦—固態基 體與奈米碳官結構相結合之複合結構。該基體164的材料應具有 =之ub使其在該立體熱源獅之工作溫度内不致受熱 破壞、、變形、、氣化或分解。該高分子材料可包括熱塑性聚 合物或熱固性聚合物之—種或複數種，如纖維素、聚對苯二甲酸 乙醋、壓克力樹脂、聚乙烯、聚_、聚苯乙烯、聚氣乙烯、紛 雜脂、環氧樹脂、石夕膝及聚醋等中之一 _複數種。該非金屬 材枓可包括玻璃、陶究及半導體材料中之一種或複數種。 由於不米反S結構中之奈米碳管間具有間隙，從而在奈米碳 15 201039683 管結構中形成複數謂，且由於基 下為液態或缝，該基體在與奈米在一定溫度 合後形狀奈料管複合結叙__。辭知 ㈣^姆峨嶋翻基本沿同It is evenly distributed and randomly arranged to form a large number of pore structures with a pore size of less than about 10 μm. The length and width of the carbon nanotube film are not limited. Referring to FIG. 9, since the carbon nanotubes are intertwined in the carbon nanotube flocculation film, the carbon nanotube flocculation film has good flexibility and is a self-supporting structure which can be bent and folded into Any shape without breaking. The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube flocculation film are not limited, and the thickness is 丄 micrometers to 1 mm, preferably 100 micrometers. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane and the preparation method thereof are described in the Taiwan Patent Application No. 200844041, published on May 11, 1996, by Fan Shoushan et al. Method for preparing rice carbon official film", applicant: Hongfujin Precision Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. In order to save space, it is only referred to herein. However, all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered to be part of the technical disclosure of the present application. The carbon nanotube rolled film is a carbon nanotube film formed by rolling an array of carbon nanotubes. The silk fresh film comprises a carbon tube with a shank distribution, and the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along the same direction or in different directions. The carbon nanotubes can also be isotropic. The carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotubes of the thief are partially overlapped with each other, and are closely combined with each other by a force of 2 mils, so that the carbon nanotube structure has a good two-sex structure and can be bent into a Any shape and cracked. And because of the carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes are attracted to each other through the van der Waals force, and the tight pressure is combined with the structure of the self-supporting structure. The nanocarbon f Lai Cai obtained through the mine: two = column. The carbon nanotubes in the membrane of the carbon nanotubes are shaped with the shape ===_, and the clamping force is increased in the force of the Li1, the smaller the angle is, preferably, the coating is too The carbon nanotubes are arranged parallel to the bottom of the record. According to Lai 12 201039683 • Similarly, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film have different arrangements. Referring to Fig. ίο, when rolled in the same direction, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along a fixed orientation. Referring to Figure 11, when compacted in different directions, the carbon nanotubes are preferred to orient the lake in different directions. The carbon nanotube film is isotropic when the lison carbon nanotube array is perpendiculared from above the carbon nanotube. The length of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film is greater than 50 microns. ο 〇 The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube rolled film are not limited and can be selected according to actual needs, such as the time to be heated by the heated object. The area of the carbon nanotube rolled film = the size of the carbon tube _ is basically the same. The thickness of the carbon nanotube film is related to the height of the carbon nanotube array and the pressure of the mill, and can be i micrometers to j mm. Can = solution 'nano carbon tube brake car height is greater and the pressure applied is smaller, the thickness of the carbon nanotubes of the job is greater, on the contrary, the smaller the height of the carbon nanotube array and the pressure The larger the 'the smaller the thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film. The adjacent carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotubes have a predetermined gap, so that the carbon pores form a plurality of pores in the film, and the pores have a size of less than about 1 micron. The rice carbon nanotube film and its preparation method can be found in Fan Shoushan et al. in the Republic of China. The application for the month 2 9 9 曰 application 'General January 1, 1998 public office for 20_ () 348 Taiwan open true thin _ Yue ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :=! Secret. When the nano carbon line-like structure consists of a plurality of nanofibers, the line is not parallel to the long line or the spiral is mixed with each other. '' The nano carbon line can be a non-twisted carbon line or twisted. The carbon nanotubes 13 201039683 line. The non-twisted neat tube material will be obtained. Please refer to circle 12, the non-twisted tortoise film is arranged through the organic solvent treatment line length line and connected end to end. The carbon nanotube meter carbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments; and: broadly: preferably, the non-twisted Nevandvar force is connected end to end, and each of the -4^ complex carbon nanotube segments passes through the van der Waals The combination of Valli and the Nai section includes multiple parallels 〇 〇 length, thickness, uniformity and shape. The surface has any diameter from 0.5 nm to 100 μm, excellent, = not unrestricted, the length is not limited, from 10 μm to 100 μm. The non-twisted nano The carbon nanotubes are twisted at opposite ends in opposite directions to pull the carbon nanotubes into a plurality of carbon nanotubes __ the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotubes include a plurality of shirts. Preferably the twist is passed through the van der Waals The first and last phases of the force: the complex number of the navel and the close combination of the van der Waals force; the complex number of parallel sounds of the sore, the degree of swallowing. The carbon nanotube fragments have any shape and the twist The length of the carbon line of the nanometer is not limited, j. No. Micron. The nano carbon=etc. in the Republic of China in the 91st year, the cap of the country, the material of the Republic of China = 2 239 ^ Bay announced the patent "a carbon nanotube rope And its method, Shen Yan···················································································· ; & 4 and its production method", φ please: Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.. To save For the sake of space, only 4 丨田,, ^, only W is used for this, but all the technical disclosures of the above application should also be regarded as part of the technical disclosure of the present application. 14 201039683 • Step-by-step _------ The female twisted rice carbon pipeline. Under the action of the surface tension generated by the volatile organic solvent, the adjacent nanocarbon tubes in the twisted nanocarbon charcoal pipeline after treatment are passed through the van der Waals: The strength and strength of the pipeline are further increased. The carbon nanotube membrane is self-supporting structure because the nanocarbon pipeline is solvent or mechanically treated for the above-mentioned too ==! Therefore, the nano carbon; the line is also self-supporting, (construction. Correction, due to the gap between the adjacent carbon nanotubes of the nai tube, the nano carbon pipeline has a large number of pores, and the size of the pores is less than about 1〇. Micron. The carbon nanotube structure of the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of nanotubes disposed in the same direction so as to align the nanocarbon carbon nanomaterials in the same direction.材料 The material of the substrate may be selected from a polymer material or a non-metal material. Before the substrate or the substrate is formed, the precursor is in a liquid state or a gaseous state at a certain temperature, so that the substrate or the precursor of the substrate can penetrate the structure of the heating element during the preparation of the heating element of the stereo heat source. _ or Kong Cai, and 戦 - composite structure of solid matrix and nano carbon official structure. The material of the substrate 164 should have a ub such that it does not undergo thermal damage, deformation, gasification or decomposition within the operating temperature of the stereo heat source lion. The polymer material may include one or more kinds of thermoplastic polymers or thermosetting polymers, such as cellulose, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylic resin, polyethylene, poly-, polystyrene, polystyrene. One of a variety of impurities, such as fat, epoxy resin, Shixi knee and poly vinegar. The non-metal bismuth may include one or more of glass, ceramics, and semiconductor materials. Since there is a gap between the carbon nanotubes in the non-S-S structure, a complex number is formed in the nanocarbon 15 201039683 tube structure, and since the base is liquid or slit, the substrate is combined with the nano at a certain temperature. The shape of the tube is compounded and combined __. Recalling (4)
該基體可只填充於所述奈米碳管結構之 :整結構。當該加熱元件靖複數二 夺’二氣米碳管結構可相互咖或相互接觸之設置於該基體 中。虽該奈米好結構為面狀結構時，該面狀結構可相互間隔或 相互接觸之並排設置或層疊設置在基體中；當該奈米碳管結構為 線狀結構時’錄狀結構可相㈣隔或相互接觸之麟設置在基 體中。s奈米碳管結構間隔設置於基體巾時，可節錢備該加熱 元件104所而之奈米碳管結構之用量。另外，可視實際需要將奈 米破管結構設置在絲讀定錄，從而使該加熱元件1〇4在不 同位置具有不同之加熱溫度。 所述基體滲透於奈米碳管結構之孔隙中，可起到固定該奈米 破官結構巾之奈米碳管之作用，使在使㈣奈米碳管結構中之奈 米碳管不致因外力摩擦或刮劃而脫落。當所述基體包覆整個奈米 奴管結構時，該基體可進一步保護該奈米碳管結構，同時保證該 加熱元件104與外部絕緣。另外，該基體可進一步起到導熱及使 熱1分佈均勻之目的。進一步地，當該奈米碳管結構急劇升溫時， 5亥基體可起到緩衝熱量之作用，使該加熱元件104之溫度變化較 16 201039683 :與=基體材料為柔性材料時，可增強奈米碳管複合結構 104，可體與自之奈米碳管結構直接複合形成加熱元件 量達到t ^了在加熱元件1〇4中均句分佈，且奈米碳管之含 !士檨為—6 ± 〃立體熱源勘之發熱溫度。由於該奈米碳管 _自切』:j奈米碳管在奈米碳管結構中均勻分佈， 献_ 丁 /、反&、、、。構與基體直接複合，可使複合後形成之 ❹ 〇 態，Γ而使中奈米碳管仍相互結合保持一奈米碳管結構之形 又不成太半、凡件104中奈米碳管既能均勻分佈形成導電網絡， 管複濃度之限制，使奈米碳管在奈米碳 丹τι貝里百分含量可達到99%。 電極ιιΓΙμ電極110和第二電極112由導電材料製成，該第— = ㈣，雨_、金梅者 、 第電極11〇和第二電極112 ：Μτ兔一昆道泰 型立嶋觸時，解賴之厚度二= 銦錫氧化物⑽)、録 該金屬或合錄料可域、銅n合物_性奈米碳管等。 其任意組合之合全。本實施财目、金、鈦、斂、把、铯或 有較好ttn’厚度為5奈米°所述金屬娜米碳管具 所述所述第一電極110及第二電極把與 ，=、、、兀件104之間形成良好之電接觸，減少歐姆接觸電阻。 米石户焚^I電極110和第二電極m與加熱元件辦中之奈 /、…構電連接。其中’第-電極110和第二電極m間隔設 201039683 置，以使加熱元件Κ)4麵於立體熱源励時接入—定 免短路現象產生。 您 Ο ❹ —當基體只填充於該奈米碳管結構之孔隙中時，由於該奈米碳 管結構中部分奈米碳管部分暴露於加熱元件104表面，节^一^ 極no和第二電極112可設置在加熱元件1G4之表面上了從而: 该弟-電極11G和第二電極112與奈米碳管結構電連接。該第一 電極110和第二電極112可設置在加熱元件綱之同一表面上也 可設置在加熱元件104之不同表面上。另外，當該加統件谢 中基體包覆整個奈米碳管結構時，為使該第—電極110和第二電 極112與該奈米碳管結構電連接，該第—電極11()和第二電極m 可設置於加航件之基财，並直接與絲碳管結構接觸。 此時，為使該第-電極110和第二電極112與外部電源導通，該 第-電極110和第二電極112可部分暴露於加熱元件⑽之外； 或者，該立體熱源！⑻可進—步包括兩條引線，分顺該第 極110和第二電極112電連接，並從該基體内部引出。 當該奈米碳管結構中奈米碳管有序制時，該奈米碳管 列方向可沿從第-電極110至第二電極112方向延伸。 -電極110和第二電極112可通過一導電枯結劑(圖未示)設置於該 m :或奈米碳管結構表面，導電餘·實現第一^ 110和第二電極m與奈米碳管結構電接觸之同時，還可將 -電極110和第二電極112更好地固定於奈米礙管結 上。該導電赌财為銀膠。 #之表面 18 201039683 .電机故’所述第—電極110和第二電極112只需要導雷 ==件ΚΗ中奈米碳管結構之間形成電接觸都在本發权 口、所述第—電極110和第二電極112之具體位置不限， /、而確保弟一電極 110 ^ - cfr J.-C 11 〇 \ ο 接。由於加熱元件綱為一1和…熱元件1〇4電連 材料包括一基體和分佈於；，該奈米碳管複合 熱作用之树絲1正起到加 應與奈H1G和第-電極112 =熱:件104電連接，其數量不限，通過控制= 個二電_任意兩 加熱元件Κ)4轉。優選地連接於細鱗極之間之 極通過外接導線（圖^ 複數電極中之任意兩個相鄰之電 〇 設置之電極同時紅別與外部電源電連接，即交替間隔 用於射層108 ’熱反射層1〇8 週邊，當加熱=:：=^r_。4 時，熱反射層·設置於^ 構102之内表面 之Η 之三維支擇結構102與加熱元件辦 設置於^ : 構1〇2之外表面；當加熱元件綱 於加熱元件之;^ 之外表面時，熱反射層⑽設置 Μ 1〇2^^ 、卩加熱70件104設置於中空之三維支撐結 置於中Γ、、、射層108之間。本實施例中’由於加熱元件設 、工之二維支樓結構102之外表面，所以熱反射層⑽設置 19 201039683 於加熱元件1〇4之外表面。熱反射層應之材料為一白色絕緣材 料，如：金屬氧化物、金屬鹽或陶解。熱反射層廳通過賴 或塗敷之方法設置於中空之三維支樓結構搬之外表面。本實施 例中’熱反射層1〇8酣料優選為三氧化二铭，其厚度為勘微 米〜0.5宅米。可以理解，該熱反騎⑽為—可選擇結構，當立 體熱源100未包括熱反射層時，該立體熱源1〇〇也可用於對外加 熱。 Ο 〇 所述立體熱源100進-步包括一絕緣保護層（圖未示）。所述 絕緣保護層用來防止該立體熱源雇在使用時與外界形成電接 觸，同時還可防止加熱元件104中之奈米碳管結構吸附外界雜質。 絕緣保護層設置於加熱元件射與外界細之表面上。可以理 解，所述絕緣保護層106 4 一可選擇結構。當加熱元件⑽不與 外界接觸或者當基體完全·奈米碳管結構時，可無需絕緣保護 層。所述絕緣㈣層之材料為—絕緣材料，如：橡膠、樹脂等。 所述絕緣碰層厚度视，可根據實際情況選擇。優選地，該絕 緣保護層之厚度為0.5〜2毫米。該絕緣保護層可通過塗敷或濺射之 綠形成於加熱元件綱之表面。本實施财，由於加熱元件· 没置於中空之三維支撐結構1〇2與熱反射層 108之間，所以益兩 絕緣保護層。 ”、'而 本實施例提供-種使用上述立體熱源腦加熱物體之方法， Α括以下步驟：提供—待加熱之鏡；將待加熱 熱源觸之内部空間中；將立體熱源勘通過第-電極110 L 峨人1㈣伏之電_，使立體熱源 加熱功率為！瓦，瓦，該立體熱源可輻射_較長之電磁 20 201039683 *波。通過溫度測量儀測量發現該立體熱源100之加熱元件綱表 =之/皿度為5G〇5GGt，加熱待加熱物體可見，該奈米碳管複 合結構具有鶴之電鋪換財。由於加熱元件表面之熱量 以熱輪射之形式傳遞給待加熱物體，加熱效果不會因為待加孰物 2中各個部分與立體熱源細之距離不同而產生較大之不同，可 實現對待加熱物體之均勻加熱。對於具有黑體結構之物體來說， 其所對應之溫度為减>45(TC時就能發出人眼看不見之熱幸畐射 〇 2外線h此時之無射最歡、效率最高，所產生之熱輕射熱 置最大。 該立體熱源100在使用時，可將其與待加熱之物體表岐接 接觸或將其與被加熱之物體間隔設置，利用其熱輻射即可進行加 熱。該立體熱源100可廣泛應用於如工廠管道、f驗室加鼓 廚具電烤箱等。 請參關15,本發明實施例進一步提供一種上述立體_⑽ 之製備方法’其包括以下步驟： 〇 、辣一，提供一奈米碳管結構，該奈米碳管結構包括複數孔 隙0 由於奈米碳管結構可包括奈树管轉，奈米碳管礙遷膜， ，米破管絮化職絲碳管雜結構巾之—種或_，故奈米碳 官結構之製備方法分卿應上a四種結構分為四種方法。 (一）奈米碳管拉膜之製備方法包括以下步驟： 生長基底，該陣列為超 首先’提供一奈米碳管陣列形成於一 順排奈米碳管陣列。 該奈米碳管陣狀製備方法採用化學氣減積法，其具體步 21 201039683 .驟包括.（a)提供一平整生長基底，該生長基底可選用p型或N 3L石夕生長基底，或形成有氧化層之⑦生長基底，本發明實施 例優選為採用4英寸之石夕生長基底；⑻在生長基底表面均勾形 成-侧立匕劑層’該催化劑層材料可選用鐵（Fe)、銘（c〇)、錄（Ν〇 或其任意組合之合金之一；（c)將上述形成有催化劑層之生長基 底在700 C〜900 C之空氣中退火約3〇分鐘〜9〇分鐘；⑷將處理 過之生長基底置於反應爐中，在保護氣體環境下加熱到 ❹500C, 740C ’然後通入碳源氣體反應約5分鐘〜30分鐘’生長得 到奈料管_。該奈米碳辩顺魏彼辭行且垂直於钱 基底生長之奈米碳管形成之純奈米碳管陣列。通過上述控制生長 條件’該定向排狀奈米碳管_中基本不含有㈣，如益定型 碳或殘留之催化劑金屬顆粒等。 本發明實施纖供之奈米碳管_為單縣米碳管 壁奈米碳管_及多㈣米碳管陣财之—種。所述奈米碳管之 f徑為1〜5〇奈米，長度為50奈求〜5毫米。本實施例中，奈米碳 〇 官之長度優選為100〜900微米。 、本發明實施财碳源氣可乙炔、乙烯、甲料 較活潑之碳氫化合物，本發明實施例優選之碳源氣為乙块； 氣體為氮氣或惰性氣體，本發明實施例優選之保護氣體為H 可以理解’本發明實施例提供之奈米碳管陣列不限於上述製 ^方法，也可為石墨電錄流電弧放電沈積法、轉蒸發沈積= 至少ί二===具從奈米碳管陣列中拉取奈料管獲得 至> 不、未板官拉膜’其具體包括以下步驟：（a)從所述超順排 22 201039683 •奈中選定―_财-定寬度之複財 施例優選為採用具有一定寬度之 ^^官，本實 陣列以選定-個或具有一定寬度之複數==觸奈米碳管 ^該敝綱管， 米嫩膜。該拉取方㈣基：於 上植伸過財，職數奈米碳跔财拉力_下^ 伸方向逐親離生長基底之同時，由於 下沿拉 管片段分別與其他奈料管“首尾 ;拉出’從而形成-連續、均勻且具有—定寬度之奈 二。 該奈米碳管城之寬度與奈米碳管 有、B、° 碳管拉膜之具庳^ 寸有關’該奈米 之面積為t^r ’Γ需求制得。當該奈米碳管陣列 2積為財時，該奈米碳管拉膜之寬度為G.5奈米〜1〇厘乎 該奈米碳管拉膜之厚度為0.5奈米〜1〇〇微米。 未 ㈡奈米碳管絮化膜之製備方法包括以下步驟： ❾ 首先，提供一奈米碳管原料。 所述奈米碳管原料可為通過化學氣相沈積法、石墨電極恒产 電弧放電沈積法或鐘射蒸發沈積法等各種方法製備之奈米礙管。 μ本實施射’採用刀片或其他工具將上述定向排列之 =車列從基底到落’獲得一奈米碳管原料。優選地’所述:奈米 石反官原料中，奈米碳管之長度大於1〇〇微米。 '、 其次，將上述奈米碳管原料添加到—溶射並進行絮化處理 獲得-奈米碳管絮狀結構，將上述奈米碳管絮狀結構從溶劑中分 離’並對該奈米碳管絮狀結構定型處舰獲得—奈米碳管絮化膜。 23 201039683 . 本發明實施例中，溶劑可選用水、易揮發之有機溶劑等。絮 化處理可通過採用超聲波分散處理或高強度攪拌等方法。優選 地’本發明實施例採用超聲波分散10分鐘〜30分鐘。由於奈米碳 官具有極大之比表面積，相互纏繞之奈米碳管之間具有較大之凡 德瓦爾力。上述絮化處理並不會將該奈米碳管原料中之奈米碳管 完全分散在溶劑中，奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引、纏 繞，形成網絡狀結構。 0 本發明實施例中，所述之分離奈米碳管絮狀結構之方法具體 包括以下步驟：將上述含有奈米碳管絮狀結構之溶_入一放有 濾紙之漏斗中；靜置乾燥一段時間從而獲得-分離之奈米碳管絮 狀結構。 本發明實施例中，所述之奈米碳管絮狀結構之定型處理過程 具體包括以下步驟：將上述奈米碳管絮狀結構置於一容器中；將 =奈米碳管絮狀結構按照預定雜_ ;施加—定壓力於攤開之 不米兔管絮狀結構；以及，賴奈米碳管絮狀結射朗之溶劑 ❹供乾或等溶劑自然揮發後獲得一奈米碳管絮化膜。 可以理解，本發明實施例可通過控制該奈米碳管絮狀結構攤 開=面積來控制該奈米碳管絮化膜之厚度和麵密度。奈来碳管絮 狀結構_之面積越大’職奈树管f化膜之厚度和麵密度就 越小。 、另外，上述分離與定型處理奈米碳管絮狀結構之步驟也可直 ，通3f抽叙方式實現，具體包括以下步驟：提供-孔隙濾膜及 氣漏斗，將上述含有奈米碳管絮狀結構之溶劑經過該孔隙濾 、到入该抽氣漏斗中；抽濾並乾燥後獲得-奈米碳管絮化膜。該 24 201039683 面光滑、尺寸為〇.22微米之濾膜。由於抽濾方式 其絮狀㈣狀认之氣_用於該奈米碳管餘結構，該奈米碳 構㈣轉會直接形成—均勻之奈米碳管絮倾。且， 由於孔隙;慮膜表面光滑，該奈米碳管絮化膜容易剝離，得到一自 支撑'之奈米碳管絮化膜。 ο 可以理解，該奈米碳管絮化膜具有一定之厚度，且通過控制 該不米碳打餘構_之面軸聽力大何控财米碳管絮 化膜之厚度。該奈米碳管絮化膜可作為一奈米碳管結構使用，也 兩層奈米碳管絮化膜層疊設置或並排設置形成一奈米碳 官結構。 (三）奈米碳管賴膜之製備方法包括以下步驟： 首先’提供一奈米碳管陣列形成於一生長基底，該陣列為定 向排列之奈米碳管陣列。 米奴管陣列優選為一超順排奈米碳管陣列。所述奈米 反s Uit奈米碳管陣狀製财法綱。 〇 ^，採用-施壓裝置，擠壓上述奈米碳管陣列獲得一奈米 厌官碾壓膜，其具體過程為： 該_襄置施加一定壓力於上述奈米碳管 开過:：’奈米碳管陣列在壓力之作用下會與生長基底分離心 >成由複數奈米碳管組成之具有自支撐結構之奈米碳管礙壓膜， 所述之讀奈轉管基本上·祕管賴默表面平行。 树明實施例中’施壓農置為一壓頭，壓頭表面光滑，壓頭 >狀及擠壓方向決定製備之奈米碳管礙壓膜中奈米礙管之排列 ，。優選地’當_平面壓頭沿垂直於上述奈祕管陣列生長 25 201039683 基底之方向賴時，可獲得奈米碳管為各向同性排列之奈米碳管 礙壓膜；當採職碱_料—固定方向碾壓時，可獲得太米 碳管沿該固定方向取向排列之奈米碳管礙賴；當_滾壓 頭沿不同方向頓時，可獲得奈米碳管料財向 米碳管碾壓膜。 不 Ο Ο 士可以理解’當採用上述不同方式擠壓上述之奈米碳管陣列 …奈米碳管會在壓力之作用下傾倒，並與相鄰之奈米碳管通過 凡么、瓦爾力相互糾、雜軸由複數奈米碳管㈣之具 撐結構之奈米碳管碾壓膜。 〃 本技術領域技術人員應明自，上述奈米碳管陣列之傾倒程产 即擠_奈米碳管陣列之排列方向與未被擠壓時奈米碳管陣= =排=向:成之角度）與壓力之大小有關’壓力越大傾角越 製備之不米碳管碾壓膜之厚度取決於奈米碳管 π大小。奈米碳管陣列之高度越大而施加之壓力越二; 叙不米碳管賴歉厚魏大；狀，奈米辟物之高度越 越ΐ’/^之奈米碳管礙壓膜之厚度越小。該 膜之寬度與奈米碳管_所生長之基底之 關’該奈轉管碾顧之長度靴，可纖實際需求制得。 —I以理解，該奈米碳管觀膜具有—定之厚度，且通 ^陣^之高度以及壓力大小可㈣其厚度。所㈣奈米碳管带 Μ可直接作為-奈米碳管結構使用。另外，可將至少兩層奈米 厌s礙壓膜層疊設置或並排設置形成—奈米碳管結構。 ’、 (四）奈米碳管線狀結構之製備方法包括以下步驟： 首先’提供至少一奈米碳管拉膜。 26 201039683 方法=米碳管拉膜之形成方法與㈠中奈米碳管拉膜之形成 ，次’處理該奈米碳錄膜，形成至少— 一遠處理奈米碳管_之步驟可為採 =Β、、、。 管拉膜，從而得到—非扭轉奈米碳管線，或為== 輯奈求碳 該奈米碳管拉臈，從而得到-扭轉奈米碳管線機械外力扭轉 触理奈米碳管城軸雜轉 Ο Ο 方法與（-）巾_有機溶斜低奈米碳管拉 =線之 其區別在於’當需要形成非扭轉奈米碳管線時，太奸=似’ 兩端不固定’即不將奈米碳管拉膜設置在基底框:::之 採用機械外力扭轉該奈米礙管拉膜之步驟為採用一機 H 所=米碳管膜兩端沿相反方向扭轉形成扭轉之奈 =地，可採用-揮發性有機溶劑處理該扭轉之奈米碳 揮發性有機溶劑揮發時產生之表面張力之作用下，處理後之 奈米碳管射鴻之奈轉f通軌德關力緊密結合，使 之奈未碳管線之比表面積減小，紐降低，與未經有機溶劑處2 之扭轉奈米碳管線相比密度及強度均增大。 :奈:=米碳管線製備至少一奈米碳管線狀結構， 上述扭轉奈米碳管線或非扭轉奈米碳管線為一自支撐結構， 可直接作為-奈米碳管結構使用。另外’可將複數 行排列成一束狀奈米碳管線狀結構，或者將該平行排^之複數: 米碳管線經一扭轉步驟得到一絞線狀奈米碳管線狀結構。進 地，可將該複數奈米碳管線或奈米碳管線狀結構相互平行、交2 27 201039683 或編面狀奈米碳管結構。 和奈米碳管線:::::膜、奈米碳管絮化膜、奈米碳管碾壓膜 步驟二，^ 軸幾雜絲米碳管結構。 設置=巾搬，將該奈料管結構 料可支=構102用於支撐奈米碳管結構，其材 Ο Ο 性材料，如··塑膠或羊性ΐ二璃=脂、石英等’亦可選擇柔 支樓結構他為一陶究管纖維4 °本實施例優選地，中空之三維 102 ^ 三維支樓結構他外接纏繞或包裹於所述中空之 Γ生層拉膜之厚度為_微米。利管結構二: 將絲料管結觀胁所騎红三敎餘構 -電=及間Γ成—第—電極11G及—第二電咖，並將第 ===112 繼結獅成電連接。 ”構有關二110和弟-電極112之設置方式與奈米碳 吕、、口構有關1保證奈米碳f結構中、 極110向第二電極112之方向延伸。刀不以反。口者弟-電 28 201039683 /斤述之第一電極加和第二電極m可設置在奈米碳管結構 之同-表面上或不同表面上，且第—電極11〇和第二電極瓜 繞設置於奈米碳管結構之表面。其中，第—電極no和第二電極 —之間相IW置’以使奈米複管結構應用於立體熱源勘時接入 =且值從而避免短路現象產生。奈米碳管結構本 附性與導電性，故第-電極和第二電極u 2 構之間形成很好的電接觸。 /、不卡反g、.、0 ❹ 〇 所述第-電極H0和第二電極112為導電薄膜、 該導電薄膜之材料可為金屬、合金、銦錫氧化物⑽) 過US ίΓ)、導魏膠、導電聚合物等。該導電薄膜可通 結構表==屬nr沈積法或其他方絲祕奈米碳管 構表面該金屬片可為銅片或銘片等。該金屬片或者 :=枯結齊上固定於奈米碳管結構表面。本實施例過 濺射法分.該奈錢管結齡面 然後將該兩個崎別舆一導 姓構0和第二電極112還可為一金屬性奈米碳管 構包括定向排列且均勻分佈之金屬性奈二 太平二Γ 構包括至少—奈米碳管拉膜或至少— 線。優選地’將_奈米辭㈣分概置於沿中办之 :支卿㈣度方向之兩端物—電㈣和第二電極 可以理解’本實_中，還可先在奈米碳管結構 兩個平行且間隔設置之第1極卿第二電極112，且 0和第二電極112與奈米碳管結構電連接。織，輸= 29 201039683 有第一電極110和第二雷 之三維支撐結構搬之表面。在形管結構設置於上述令空 之後，可進一步形成兩條導電引線，人:極110和第二電極112 _112弓|出i外部電路。、、’ /刀別從第一電極11〇和第二 步驟四’提供一基體材料 米碳管結構複合，形成—奈米碳管複合、纟^材料預製體與奈 體材製體可為基體材料所形成之_ ❹The substrate may be filled only in the structure of the carbon nanotube structure: the entire structure. When the heating element is multiplexed, the two gas carbon nanotube structures are disposed in the substrate in contact with each other. Although the nanostructure is a planar structure, the planar structures may be arranged side by side or in contact with each other or stacked in a matrix; when the carbon nanotube structure is a linear structure, the recorded structure may be phased. (4) The linings that are separated or in contact with each other are disposed in the base body. When the s carbon nanotube structure is disposed at intervals on the base towel, the amount of the carbon nanotube structure of the heating element 104 can be saved. In addition, the nanotube breaking structure can be set in the wire reading order according to actual needs, so that the heating element 1〇4 has different heating temperatures at different positions. The matrix penetrates into the pores of the carbon nanotube structure, and functions to fix the carbon nanotubes of the nano-structured tissue towel, so that the carbon nanotubes in the (four) carbon nanotube structure are not caused External force rubs or scratches and falls off. When the substrate covers the entire nanotube structure, the substrate further protects the carbon nanotube structure while ensuring that the heating element 104 is insulated from the outside. In addition, the substrate can further serve heat conduction and uniform distribution of heat 1. Further, when the structure of the carbon nanotubes is heated rapidly, the 5 Hz substrate can act as a buffering heat, so that the temperature of the heating element 104 changes more than 16 201039683: and when the base material is a flexible material, the nanometer can be enhanced. The carbon tube composite structure 104, the body can be directly combined with the carbon nanotube structure to form a heating element amount of t ^ is distributed in the heating element 1 〇 4, and the carbon nanotubes are contained! ± 〃 Stereo heat source to investigate the heating temperature. Because the carbon nanotube _ self-cutting: j carbon nanotubes are evenly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure, _ ding /, anti &,,,. The structure is directly combined with the matrix to form the ❹ state of the composite, so that the carbon nanotubes are still combined with each other to maintain the shape of a carbon nanotube structure, which is not too much, and the carbon nanotubes in the piece 104 are both The conductive network can be evenly distributed, and the concentration of the tube is limited, so that the percentage of the carbon nanotubes in the nanocarbon tantalum can reach 99%. The electrode ιι electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 are made of a conductive material, the first - (4), the rain _, the golden plum, the first electrode 11 〇 and the second electrode 112: Μτ rabbit a Kun Daotai type 嶋 嶋, solution Lai's thickness II = indium tin oxide (10)), recorded in the metal or composite material field, copper n-type _-nano carbon tube and so on. The combination of any combination thereof. The implementation of the financial, gold, titanium, condensed, put, 铯 or has a better ttn' thickness of 5 nm. The metal nanocarbon tube has the first electrode 110 and the second electrode Good electrical contact is formed between the electrodes, 104, and the ohmic contact resistance is reduced. The Mishishi household incineration electrode I and the second electrode m are electrically connected to the heating element. Wherein the 'first electrode 110 and the second electrode m are spaced apart from each other so that the heating element 4) 4 is exposed to the three-dimensional heat source to generate a short circuit. You Ο ❹—When the substrate is only filled in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure, since some of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure are partially exposed to the surface of the heating element 104, the section is a no and second The electrode 112 may be disposed on the surface of the heating element 1G4 such that the dipole-electrode 11G and the second electrode 112 are electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure. The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 may be disposed on the same surface of the heating element or on different surfaces of the heating element 104. In addition, when the base member covers the entire carbon nanotube structure, in order to electrically connect the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 to the carbon nanotube structure, the first electrode 11() and The second electrode m can be disposed on the base of the navigation member and directly contacts the carbon nanotube structure. At this time, in order to make the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 conductive with an external power source, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 may be partially exposed to the outside of the heating element (10); or, the stereo heat source! (8) The step further includes two leads, which are electrically connected to the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112, and are taken out from the inside of the substrate. When the carbon nanotubes are ordered in the carbon nanotube structure, the carbon nanotube direction may extend in the direction from the first electrode 110 to the second electrode 112. The electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 may be disposed on the surface of the m: or carbon nanotube structure through a conductive drying agent (not shown), and the first electrode 110 and the second electrode m and the nano carbon are realized. While the tube structure is in electrical contact, the -electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 can be better secured to the nanotube junction. The conductive gambling is silver glue. #的表面18 201039683. The motor, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 only need to conduct lightning == the electrical contact between the carbon nanotube structures in the piece 都 is in the right, the first - The specific positions of the electrode 110 and the second electrode 112 are not limited, and the electrode 110 is ensured to be connected to the electrode 110 ^ - cfr J. - C 11 〇 ο . Since the heating element is a 1 and the thermal element 1〇4 electrical connection material includes a substrate and is distributed; the carbon nanotube composite heat-acting filament 1 is acting as a plus and a H1G and a first electrode 112 = Heat: The pieces 104 are electrically connected, the number of which is not limited, by control = two electric_any two heating elements Κ) 4 turns. Preferably, the pole connected between the fine scale poles is connected by an external conductor (the electrodes provided by any two adjacent ones of the plurality of electrodes are simultaneously electrically connected to the external power source, that is, alternately spaced for the shot layer 108' At the periphery of the heat-reflecting layer 1〇8, when heating =::=^r_.4, the heat-reflecting layer is disposed on the inner surface of the structure 102, and the three-dimensional structure 102 and the heating element are disposed in the structure:之外2 outer surface; when the heating element is on the outer surface of the heating element; the heat reflecting layer (10) is disposed Μ 1〇2^^, and the 卩 heating 70 piece 104 is disposed in the hollow three-dimensional support knot in the middle, Between the shot layers 108. In the present embodiment, the heat reflective layer (10) is disposed on the outer surface of the heating element 1〇4 due to the outer surface of the two-dimensional branch structure 102 of the heating element. The material of the layer is a white insulating material, such as metal oxide, metal salt or ceramic solution. The heat reflecting layer chamber is disposed on the outer surface of the hollow three-dimensional branch structure by means of coating or coating. In this embodiment 'The heat reflective layer 1〇8 is preferably a third oxide, which is thick. The degree is 0.5 to 0.5 m. It can be understood that the hot anti-riding (10) is an optional structure, and when the stereo heat source 100 does not include a heat reflecting layer, the stereo heat source 1 can also be used for external heating. The three-dimensional heat source 100 further includes an insulating protective layer (not shown). The insulating protective layer is used to prevent the three-dimensional heat source from being in electrical contact with the outside when in use, and also to prevent nanocarbon in the heating element 104. The tube structure adsorbs external impurities. The insulating protective layer is disposed on the surface of the heating element that is exposed to the outside. It can be understood that the insulating protective layer 106 4 has an optional structure. When the heating element (10) is not in contact with the outside or when the substrate is completely In the case of the carbon nanotube structure, the insulating protective layer may be omitted. The material of the insulating (four) layer is an insulating material such as rubber, resin, etc. The thickness of the insulating layer may be selected according to actual conditions. Preferably, the insulating layer is selected. The thickness of the protective layer is 0.5 to 2 mm. The insulating protective layer can be formed on the surface of the heating element by coating or sputtering green. The implementation of the heating element is not placed in the middle. Between the three-dimensional support structure 1〇2 and the heat-reflecting layer 108, the two insulating protective layers are provided. The present embodiment provides a method for heating an object using the above-mentioned three-dimensional heat source brain, and the following steps are provided: The mirror to be heated; the heat source to be heated is touched into the inner space; the stereo heat source is surveyed through the first electrode 110 L 峨人1(four) volts _, so that the heating power of the stereo heat source is watts, watts, the stereo heat source can be radiated _ The longer electromagnetic 20 201039683 * wave. It is found by the temperature measuring instrument that the heating element of the three-dimensional heat source 100 = the degree of the dish is 5G 〇 5GGt, and the object to be heated is visible. The composite structure of the carbon nanotube has a crane Since the heat of the surface of the heating element is transmitted to the object to be heated in the form of heat radiation, the heating effect is not greatly different because the distance between each part of the object to be added 2 and the three-dimensional heat source is different. Uniform heating of the object to be heated can be achieved. For an object with a black body structure, the temperature corresponding to it is minus > 45 (the TC can emit the invisible heat of the human eye, and the outer line of the outer line h is the most joyful and efficient at this time. The heat of the heat is 100. When the heat source 100 is in use, it can be brought into contact with the object to be heated or spaced apart from the object to be heated, and the heat can be heated by the heat radiation. The heat source 100 can be widely applied to, for example, a factory pipe, a f-room, a drum, a kitchen oven, etc. Please refer to FIG. 15 , and an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for preparing the above-described stereo_(10), which includes the following steps: Providing a carbon nanotube structure, the carbon nanotube structure includes a plurality of pores 0. Since the carbon nanotube structure may include a naphthalene tube transfer, a nano carbon tube hindering film, and a rice broken tube flocculation The structure of the structure towel or the _, so the preparation method of the carbon carbon structure of the nanometer should be divided into four methods: (1) The preparation method of the carbon nanotube film comprises the following steps: growing the substrate, The array provides a nanometer for the first The tube array is formed on a tandem carbon nanotube array. The carbon nanotube array preparation method adopts a chemical gas debulking method, and the specific step 21 201039683 includes: (a) providing a flat growth substrate, the growth substrate A p-type or N 3L growth substrate, or a growth substrate formed with an oxide layer may be selected, and the embodiment of the present invention preferably uses a 4 inch growth substrate; (8) a hook-form on the surface of the growth substrate. Layer 'the catalyst layer material may be selected from iron (Fe), Ming (c〇), recorded (Ν〇 or any combination of alloys thereof; (c) the above-mentioned growth substrate formed with a catalyst layer at 700 C~900 C Annealing in air for about 3 minutes to 9 minutes; (4) placing the treated growth substrate in a reaction furnace, heating to ❹500C under a protective atmosphere, 740C' and then introducing a carbon source gas for about 5 minutes to 30 minutes. 'Growing to get the tube _. The nano carbon arbitrates the array of pure carbon nanotubes formed by the carbon nanotubes perpendicular to the growth of the carbon nanotubes. The above-mentioned controlled growth conditions 'the oriented row of nanocarbons Tube _ basically does not contain (four), such as Shaped carbon or residual catalyst metal particles, etc. The carbon nanotubes of the present invention are made of a carbon nanotubes of a single county, and a carbon nanotubes of a single meter, and a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The diameter of the tube is 1 to 5 nanometers, and the length is 50 to 〜5 millimeters. In the present embodiment, the length of the nanocarbon is preferably 100 to 900 micrometers. The preferred carbon source gas of the embodiment of the present invention is a block; the gas is nitrogen or an inert gas, and the preferred shielding gas of the embodiment of the present invention is H. It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention provides The carbon nanotube array is not limited to the above method, and may also be a graphite electro-acoustic arc discharge deposition method, or a vapor deposition deposition = at least ί=== with a tube obtained from a carbon nanotube array to obtain > No, no board official film 'The specific steps include the following steps: (a) From the super-shun 22 201039683 • Nai selected _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ^官, the real array to select - or a certain width of the plural == touch nano ^ The tube spacious classes tube meters tender film. The pull-up side (four) base: on the planting and extension of the wealth, the number of nano-carbon 拉 拉 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Pull out 'and thus form - continuous, uniform and have a certain width of Nai two. The width of the carbon nanotubes is related to the carbon nanotubes, B, ° carbon tube film is related to the 'inch' The area is determined by the requirement of t^r 'Γ. When the carbon nanotube array 2 is rich, the width of the carbon nanotube film is G.5 nm~1〇. The thickness of the film is 0.5 nm to 1 μm. The preparation method of the (ii) carbon nanotube flocculation film comprises the following steps: ❾ First, a carbon nanotube raw material is provided. The carbon nanotube raw material may be Nano-tubes prepared by various methods such as chemical vapor deposition, graphite electrode constant arc discharge deposition or clock-evaporation deposition. μ This embodiment uses a blade or other tool to align the above-mentioned alignments into the substrate. To get 'one carbon nanotube raw material. Preferably' said: nano stone anti-official raw material, nano carbon The length of the tube is greater than 1 μm. ', Secondly, the above carbon nanotube raw material is added to the solution and subjected to flocculation treatment to obtain a nano carbon tube floc structure, and the above carbon nanotube floc structure is obtained from the solvent. In the separation of the carbon nanotube floc structure, the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is obtained. 23 201039683 . In the embodiment of the invention, the solvent can be selected from water, a volatile organic solvent, etc. It can be carried out by using ultrasonic dispersion treatment or high-intensity stirring, etc. Preferably, the embodiment of the present invention uses ultrasonic dispersion for 10 minutes to 30 minutes. Since the nano carbon official has a large specific surface area, there are interdigitated carbon nanotubes between them. The larger van der Waals force. The above flocculation treatment does not completely disperse the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube raw material in the solvent, and the carbon nanotubes are attracted and entangled by the van der Waals force. In the embodiment of the present invention, the method for separating the carbon nanotube floc structure comprises the following steps: dissolving the above-mentioned carbon nanotube-containing floc structure into a filter paper. In the hopper, the drying process is performed for a period of time to obtain a detached carbon nanotube floc structure. In the embodiment of the present invention, the shaping process of the nano carbon tube floc structure specifically includes the following steps: The carbon tube floc structure is placed in a container; the = carbon nanotube floc structure is applied according to a predetermined impurity; the pressure is applied to the unfolded rabbit tube floc structure; and the Reine carbon tube floc The nano-carbon tube flocculation film is obtained after the catalyst is dried or the solvent is naturally volatilized. It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can control the naphthalene by controlling the expansion of the carbon nanotube floc structure. The thickness and the areal density of the carbon fiber tube flocculation film. The larger the area of the carbon fiber floc structure, the smaller the thickness and the areal density of the f-film of the service. The other separation and shaping treatment The step of the carbon tube flocculation structure can also be realized by straightening the 3f extraction method, and specifically includes the following steps: providing a pore filter membrane and a gas funnel, and passing the solvent containing the nano carbon tube floc structure through the pore filter, Into the extraction funnel; suction filtration and drying Is obtained - flocculated carbon nanotube film. The 24 201039683 is a smooth, 〇.22 micron filter. Due to the suction filtration method, the flocculent (four) shape gas is used for the remaining structure of the carbon nanotube, and the nanocarbon structure (4) transfer directly forms a uniform carbon nanotube floc. Moreover, due to the pores; the surface of the membrane is smooth, the carbon nanotube film is easily peeled off, and a self-supporting carbon nanotube flocculation film is obtained. ο It can be understood that the carbon nanotube film has a certain thickness, and the thickness of the film is controlled by controlling the surface of the carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane can be used as a carbon nanotube structure, and two layers of carbon nanotube flocculation membranes are stacked or arranged side by side to form a nano carbon structure. (C) The preparation method of the carbon nanotube film comprises the following steps: First, providing a carbon nanotube array formed on a growth substrate, the array being a aligned carbon nanotube array. The MN tube array is preferably a super-sequential carbon nanotube array. The nano-anti-S Uit carbon nanotube array financial system. 〇^, using a pressure device, extruding the above-mentioned carbon nanotube array to obtain a nanometer anomaly laminated film, the specific process is: the _ 施加 set a certain pressure on the above carbon nanotubes opened:: ' The carbon nanotube array is separated from the growth substrate by pressure> into a nano-carbon tube pressure-suppressing film composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes having a self-supporting structure, and the reading tube is basically The secret tube is parallel to the surface. In the embodiment of Shuming, the pressure is placed on a pressing head, the surface of the indenter is smooth, and the shape of the indenter and the direction of extrusion determine the arrangement of the nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotubes. Preferably, when the _plane indenter is perpendicular to the direction of the substrate of the above-mentioned column of niobium tube growth 25 201039683, the carbon nanotubes are obtained as an isotropically arranged carbon nanotube barrier film; When the material is crushed in a fixed direction, the carbon nanotubes arranged in the direction of the fixed direction of the carbon nanotubes can be obtained. When the rolling head is in different directions, the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotubes can be obtained. Rolling film. Ο Ο 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当 当The correction and miscellaneous shaft are made of carbon nanotubes laminated with a plurality of carbon nanotubes (4).技术 It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the tilting process of the above-mentioned carbon nanotube array, that is, the arrangement direction of the extruded carbon nanotube array and the carbon nanotube array when not pressed, == row = direction: The angle is related to the magnitude of the pressure. The greater the pressure, the more the inclination of the non-carbon tube rolled film is determined by the size of the carbon nanotube π. The higher the height of the carbon nanotube array, the more pressure is applied; the sufficiency of the carbon nanotubes is sorrowful and thick; the shape of the nano-pillars is more and more ΐ[/^ The smaller the thickness. The width of the film is close to the substrate on which the carbon nanotubes are grown. The length of the navel tube is measured by the length of the boot. - I understand that the carbon nanotube film has a certain thickness, and the height of the film and the pressure can be (4) its thickness. The (4) carbon nanotube belt can be used directly as a carbon nanotube structure. In addition, at least two layers of nano-nano barrier layers may be laminated or arranged side by side to form a carbon nanotube structure. The method for preparing the (n) nanocarbon line-like structure comprises the following steps: First, providing at least one carbon nanotube film. 26 201039683 Method=Formation method of rice carbon tube film and (1) Formation of medium carbon nanotube film, the second step of processing the nano carbon film to form at least one long-distance treatment of carbon nanotubes =Β,,,. The tube is pulled to obtain a non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline, or the carbon nanotube is pulled by the == 辑奈求碳, thereby obtaining a -twisted nanocarbon pipeline mechanical external force twisting contact nanocarbon tube axis miscellaneous Ο Ο Method and (-) towel _ organic solution oblique low carbon nanotube pull = line difference is that 'when it is necessary to form a non-twisted nano carbon line, too traits = like 'the ends are not fixed' that will not The carbon nanotube film is placed on the base frame::: The mechanical external force is used to twist the nano tube to block the film. The step of using a machine H = m carbon tube film to twist in opposite directions to form a twisted neg = ground, The surface tension generated by the volatile organic solvent can be treated by using a volatile organic solvent, and the treated carbon nanotubes are closely combined with the cyclone The specific surface area of the Neflon carbon line is reduced, and the New Zealand is reduced, and the density and strength are increased compared with the twisted nanocarbon line without the organic solvent. : Nai: = m carbon pipeline to prepare at least one nano carbon pipeline structure, the above-mentioned twisted nano carbon pipeline or non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline is a self-supporting structure, which can be directly used as a carbon nanotube structure. Alternatively, the plurality of rows may be arranged in a bundle of nanocarbon line-like structures, or the parallel rows may be plural: the carbon carbon pipeline is subjected to a twisting step to obtain a stranded nanocarbon line-like structure. Into the ground, the plurality of nano carbon pipelines or nanocarbon pipeline-like structures may be parallel to each other, and may be placed in a 2 27 201039683 or braided carbon nanotube structure. And nano carbon pipeline::::: membrane, carbon nanotube flocculation membrane, nano carbon nanotube rolling membrane step two, ^ shaft a few miscellaneous rice carbon tube structure. Setting = towel transfer, the material of the tube structure can be supported = structure 102 is used to support the structure of the carbon nanotubes, and the material of the material is Ο Ο, such as plastic or sheep ΐ = = = fat, quartz, etc. The flexible support structure can be selected as a ceramic tube 4 °. In this embodiment, preferably, the hollow three-dimensional 102 ^ three-dimensional branch structure is entangled or wrapped around the hollow twin layer to a thickness of _ micron. . The structure of the tube is as follows: the wire tube is tied to the flank of the red 敎 敎 - - 电 电 - - 电 电 电 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 电极 电极 电极connection. The arrangement of the second 110 and the dipole-electrode 112 is related to the nanocarbon, and the structure of the mouth. 1 ensures that the nanocarbon f structure extends in the direction of the second electrode 112. The knife does not reverse. The first electrode plus the second electrode m can be disposed on the same surface of the carbon nanotube structure or on different surfaces, and the first electrode 11 〇 and the second electrode are arranged on the same The surface of the carbon nanotube structure, wherein the phase between the first electrode and the second electrode is set to "IW" so that the nano-complex tube structure is applied to the three-dimensional heat source survey access value and the value is avoided to avoid the short circuit phenomenon. The carbon nanotube structure is attached and electrically conductive, so that a good electrical contact is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode u 2 . /, no card anti-g, ., 0 ❹ 〇 the first electrode H0 and The second electrode 112 is a conductive film, and the material of the conductive film may be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (10)), conductive rubber, conductive polymer, etc. The conductive film can pass through the structure table == belongs to nr The metal sheet may be a copper sheet or a slab or the like on the surface of the deposition method or other square wire. := The dead knot is fixed on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure. In this embodiment, the sputtering method is used to divide the surface of the nanometer tube and then the two surnames and the second electrode 112 are further The metallic Nylon carbon nanotube structure comprising an oriented and uniformly distributed metallic Nippon Taihei structure comprises at least a carbon nanotube film or at least a line. Preferably, the word 'Nymi word (four) is divided. Placed along the middle of the office: the end of the branch (four) degree direction - electricity (four) and the second electrode can understand 'this _, can also be first in the carbon nanotube structure two parallel and spaced first pole The second electrode 112, and the 0 and the second electrode 112 are electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure. Weaving, translating = 29 201039683 The surface of the three-dimensional support structure of the first electrode 110 and the second mine is placed. After the above-mentioned emptiness, two conductive leads may be further formed, and the human pole 110 and the second electrode 112 _112 are externally circuited, and the ' / knife is provided from the first electrode 11 〇 and the second step 4 ' A matrix material of carbon nanotube structure is composited to form a nano carbon tube composite, a 预^ material prefabricated body and a navel material _ The body may be formed as a base material ❹
㈣反應物。該基體材料預製體在—歧度下應為液態 2基體㈣包括高分子㈣或非金翁料等。具體地，該 性聚合物或熱固性聚合物中之—種或複數 故該基體㈣賴體可為生成雜雛聚合物或熱固性聚合 之聚合物單體溶液，或該熱塑性聚合物或熱固性聚合物在揮發 性有機溶劑中賴後形紅混合液。該转屬_可包括玻璃、 陶纽半導體材料中之-賊複數種，故該基體材料預製體可為 '屬材料顆粒製成之㈣、製備該非金屬材料之反應氣體或呈 氣態之該非金騎料。具舰’可採用真空蒸鍍、雜、化學氣 相沈積（CVD)以及物魏相沈積（PVD)之方法形成氣態之基 體材料預製體，並使該基體材料預製體沈積在奈米碳管結構之奈 米碳管表面。另外，可將大量非金屬材料顆粒在溶劑中分散，形 成一渡料作為該基體材料預製體。 田5亥基體材料預製體為液態時’可通過將該液態基體材料預 製體浸潤該奈米碳管結構以及固化該基體材料預製體，從而使該 基體材料滲透至該奈米碳管結構的孔隙中，形成一奈米碳管複合 30 201039683 結構；當該基體材料預製體為絲時，可將該基體材料預製體价 積於奈米構巾之奈米碳管表面，從而使該基體材料充滿該 奈米碳管結構之絲中，形成—奈米碳管複合結構。當該基體材 料預製體為聽時，可通過賴、倾等方法與該奈米碳管 形成複合結構。 形 本實施例採用注膠法將高分子材料與奈米碳管結構複合 成一奈米碳管複合結構，該方法具體包括以下步驟： Ο 〇 (一）提供一液態熱固性高分子材料。 所述液態熱固性高分子材料之枯度低於5帕.秒，並能在室溫 下保持該财在3〇分鐘以上。本發明實施繼選以環氧樹脂製備 液態熱固性尚分子材料，其具體包括以下步驟： 首先，將縮水甘油醚型環氧和縮水甘油酯型環氧之混合物置 於-容器巾’加熱至3〇°C〜60°C ’並對容器中所述縮水甘油晴環 氧和縮水甘_型魏之齡物游1G分鐘，直輯魏水甘油 醚型環氧和縮水甘油酯型環氧之混合物混合均勻為止。 其次，將脂肪胺和二縮水甘油醚加入到所述攪拌均句之縮水 甘油趟型環氧和縮水甘油g旨型環氧的混合物令進行化學反庳。 最後，將所述縮水甘油醚型環氧和縮水甘油酯型環氧之混合 物加熱至30 C〜60 C ’從而得到一含環氧樹脂之液態熱固性高分子 材料。 (一）採用所述液恶熱固性兩分子材料浸潤所述奈米碳管結 構。 採用所述液態熱固性高分子材料浸潤所述奈米碳管結構之方 法包括以下步驟： 31 201039683 於一=將設置有奈靖結構之中空之三維支撐結構ι〇2置 其次，將所述液態熱陳高分子材·射進所述模具中，浸 满所述奈米碳管結構。為了讓液態熱固性言又 述奈^炭侧姻物_^物於 = 所 本實施例帽勘層奈米碳管拉膜層疊包裹於陶餘之表面 Ο 。織將魏樹關鄉_性高分子材料注射進 所捕具巾，制·奈米碳管結構20分鐘。 可以理解，將所述液態熱·高分子材料制所述奈米碳管 3之方柄限注射之方法，崎液祕陳高分子材料還可通 播毛細_被狀騎述奈米碳管結射，制魏奈米碳管結 ^或者將所述奈米碳管結構魏在所述液態熱雖高分子材料 中0 ―)耻賴熱雜高分子材料，制—奈米碳管高分子 材料複合結構。 本實施例中’含環氧細旨之熱固性高分子材料之固化方法具 體包括以下步驟： 人:先，通過一加熱裝置將該模具加熱至5〇t〜7(rc，在該溫度 下^環氧樹脂之熱_高分子材料為祕，轉該溫度〗小時〜3 1知’使得雜IU性高分子材料輯吸熱明加其固化度^ 士其次，繼續加熱該模具至8〇t〜10(TC，在該溫度下维持1小 %* 3小％•’使得所述熱固性高分子材料繼續吸熱以增加其固化度。 士再次’繼續加熱該模具至lHTC〜150t：，在該溫度下維持2 J %·〜20小時’使得所述熱固性高分子材料繼續吸熱以增加其固化 32 201039683 度0 破管高最輸至簡，购得一奈米 民國管，結構之具體步驟可參見范守善等人於 =所複有r之製備方法”。為節省篇幅’僅= 上过申讀有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請技觸露之一部分。 ❹ 〇 也可上述含環氧樹脂之熱固性高分子材料之固化方法 子材==溫之方法，細溫度輕赋，使瓣高分 可以轉’上述步驟三巾形成第—電極⑽和第 ^驟可在麵四形成終米碳管複合結構讀餘。當該基體 材碑僅填充於該奈米碳管結構之孔 二二異 露:奈米碳管複合 二m直接形成於該奈米碳管複合結編 …丁、卡反目、.、。構形成電連接。當該基體材料全部 ，可採用—切割之步驟_該奈米碳管複合結^從= 三相同之方法賴第-電極朗與步驟 米碳管結構電連接。°和第一電極瓜與暴露出來之奈 綱之立體熱源勘包括一熱反射層108設置於加熱層 * 1形成奈米碳管複合結構之後，射進—步包括一 形成一熱反射層1〇8於奈米碳管 祜 熱反射層厕可通過塗㈣之外表面之步驟。形成 錢或鍍M之方法實現。當該熱反射層108 33 201039683 之材料為金屬鹽或金屬氧化物時，可將該金屬鹽或金屬氧化物之 顆粒分散於溶劑中，形成一漿料，並將該聚料塗敷或絲網印刷於 中空之二維支撐結構表面，形成該熱反射層。該溶劑不應與金屬 鹽或金屬氧化物發生化學反應。另外，該減騎⑽也；^通過 電鍍、、化學鍍、猶、真空驗、化學氣相沈積或物理氣相沈積 等方法形成。本發明實施娜用物理氣相沈積法在喊基板表面 沈積一層三氧化二鋁層，作為熱反射層。 所述熱反射層之材料為—白色絕緣材料，如：金屬氧化 ，、金屬鹽或陶究等。本實施例中，熱反射層通材料優選為三 乳化二紹’其厚度為微米。可以理解，熱反射層⑽之位置 不限，可根據立體熱源之實際加熱方向而定。 可選擇地，t本發明第一實施财之加熱元件1〇4為一柔性 奈米碳管複合結構時，該_源可财以下枝 包括以下步驟： ，、版 首先 提供一奈米碳管結構。 〇 ，提供一柔性基體材料預製體，並將柔性基體材料預製 _奈米碳管結構複合，形成一柔性奈米碳管複合結構。 再次’提供-中空之三維支撐結構1〇2 複合結構設置於中空之三維支稽結構1〇2之表面。4心 托Γί第間=成第—電極111和第二電極112，並將該第一電 極111和弟—電極112分別與該柔性 电 當奈米碳‘完二體:料：米 保第電極11!和第二電極m與奈 34 201039683 米碳管結構電連接。 可以理解，也可預先形成第一電極lu和第二電極ιΐ2與夺 米碳管結構電連接，再將奈米碳管結構與柔性基體材料預製體^ 合形成奈米碳管複合結構。 5青參見圖16、17和18，本發明 ^ -戸、她例提供—種立體熱源 200。该立體熱源200包括一加熱元件204、一熱反射層2〇8、第 一電極210及第二電極212。該加熱元件2〇4構成一中空之三維結 〇 〇 構汶第電極21〇及第二電極212分別與加熱元件2〇4電連接， 用於使所述加熱元件204接通電源從而流過電流。所述加敎元件 2似折疊形成一立方體雜之中空三維結構。所述第-電極210 及第-電極212間隔設置’分別設置於加熱元件2〇4所形成之立 I:::中空三維結構之相對之側邊上，並可起到支撐加熱元 件之作用。所述第-電極21〇及第二電極212為線狀，且大 致相互平行。所述之熱反射層⑽設置於加熱元件綱之外表面。 該立體熱源200可進一步包括複數電極，該複數 置，加熱元件204設置於該禮數雷炻夕、si 畑十仃汉 师，週邊，_複_極為支 ff軸―中空之立體結構。可以理解，該複數電極可看作一 基 作為中空㈣纖_===：請採用電極 細。tr體2G ’本發郷三實施例提供—種立體熱源 3〇u立體熱源卿包括一中空之 件304,-第-電極3 视·、。構302 ―加熱兀 於兮中始士， 第—電極312。該加熱元件304設置 :/ 、.撐結構302之外表面。該第-電極310和第二 35 201039683 .電極312並分別與加熱元件104電連接，設間隔置於加熱元件2〇4 之外表面上，用於使所述加熱元件1〇4接通電源從而流過電流。 2-维支撺結構3〇2為-半球狀中空三維結構，加熱元件綱包 2該ΐ維支撐結構302之外表面，形成一半球狀，或半橢球狀 、’。。第一電極310為點狀，位於加熱元件3〇2之底部，第二電 極312為環狀，環繞於半球狀結構之加熱元件搬之頂部。該立 2熱源300進-步包括—熱反射層现，該熱反射層設置於加熱元 〇 之週邊。本實施例中，該熱反射層施覆蓋第一電極細 /、紅電極312設置於加熱元件綱之外表面。本實施例中之立 體熱源300與第-實施例基本相同，其不同點在於本實施立中之 體…源300為-半球狀或半橢球狀之中空三維結構。當然立體 熱源300為也可為其他類似的近—端開口之形狀。 所述之立體熱源具有町優點：第―，由於該奈米碳管結構 二自支撐結構’且奈米碳管在奈米碳管結構中均勻分佈，將該 芽之不米碳& 構與基體直接複合，可使複合後形成之加埶 ◎讀中奈米破管仍相互結合保持一奈米碳管結構之形態，從而使 ^熱凡件中奈米碳管既能均勻分佈形成導電網絡，又不受奈米碳 ^在=液中分散濃度之限制，使奈米碳管在加熱元件中之質量百 分含！可達到99%，使該立體熱源具有較高之電熱轉換效率。第 由於奈米碳f具有較好之齡及祕，奈純管結構之強度 2，柔性較好’不易破裂，使立體·具有較長之使用壽命。 基體材料之種類不限於聚合物，溫度範圍寬，使該熱源 &用fe圍更加廣乏。第四，該奈純管結構之單位面積熱容較 小’小於2xl04焦耳每平方厘米開爾文，奈米碳管結構可較快之 36 201039683 ===:率:：_升溫迅速，後 综上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依 7申請。惟，《场财僅林剌續 專利細。舉域悉本案技藝之人士援 【=簡單=_槪㈣嶋州糊範圍内。 Ο Ο ::=::=r 一^ 結構=:維：:^ 透於奈米碳管結射。絲面之讀圖，其中基體材料參 結構之立體熱源包括層狀奈米礙管複合 構複合於基體材射 面之示意圖，其t奈米碳管結 複合、=::==— 複合 圖 拉膜軸之娜胸派-種奈米碳管 之結=明第一實施例之顺所使一碳管拉膜 9為本發明第_實_之立體熱賴使用之1奈米破管 37 Ο ❹ 201039683 絮化膜之掃描電鏡照片。 圖ίο為本發明第—實施丨彳 匕的<立體熱源所採用之 同一方向擇優取向排列之奉平種^括/α 照片。 之奈料管賴膜之掃描電缝 圖11為本發明第-實施例之立體熱源所使用之 片同方向擇優取向㈣之奈㈣管之奈料管雜膜之掃描 圖12為本發明第_實施例之讀熱源所使用之— 米碳管線之掃描電鏡照片。 扭轉奈 13為本發明第—實施例之㈣熱源所使用之—種 米碳管線之掃描電鏡照片。 之奈 圖14為本發明第一實施例之立體熱源所使用之一種 〜 拉膜與環氧樹鹿複合形成之加熱元件之截面掃描電鏡照片:、外 圖15係圖1中之立體熱源之製備方法之流程圖。 圖16係本發明第二實施例之立體熱源之結構示意圖。 圖17係沿圖16中XVII-XVII線之剖視圖。 圖18係沿圖16中XVIII-XVIII線之剖視圖。 圖19係本發明第三實施例之立體熱源之結構示意圖。 圖20係沿圖19中XX-XX線之剖視圖。 38 201039683 【主要元件符號說明】 立體熱源 100, 200, 300 1 中空的三維支撐102, 302 結構 加熱層 104, 204, 304 熱反射層 108, 208, 308 第一電極 110, 210, 310 第二電極 112, 212, 312 基體材料 2042 奈米碳管結構2044 奈米碳管片段143 奈米碳管 145(4) Reactants. The matrix material preform should be liquid 2 matrix (4) including polymer (4) or non-golden material. Specifically, the substrate or the complex of the polymer or the thermosetting polymer may be a polymer monomer solution for forming a polymer or thermosetting polymerization, or the thermoplastic polymer or thermosetting polymer may be A mixture of red and red in a volatile organic solvent. The subordinate _ may include a plurality of thieves in the glass or ceramic semiconductor material, so the matrix material preform may be made of a material particle (4), a reaction gas for preparing the non-metal material, or the non-golden riding in a gaseous state. material. The ship's can be formed into a gaseous matrix material preform by vacuum evaporation, heterogeneous, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and chemical vapor deposition (PVD), and the matrix material preform is deposited on the carbon nanotube structure. The surface of the carbon nanotubes. Alternatively, a large amount of non-metallic material particles may be dispersed in a solvent to form a crucible as the matrix material preform. When the precursor of the substrate is in a liquid state, the matrix material can be infiltrated into the pores of the carbon nanotube structure by infiltrating the carbon nanotube structure and solidifying the precursor of the matrix material. Forming a carbon nanotube composite 30 201039683 structure; when the base material preform is a wire, the base material may be pre-formed on the surface of the nano carbon tube of the nanostructure towel, thereby filling the base material In the filament of the carbon nanotube structure, a carbon nanotube composite structure is formed. When the base material preform is in a listening manner, a composite structure can be formed with the carbon nanotube by a method such as lamination or tilting. In this embodiment, a polymer material and a carbon nanotube structure are combined into a nano carbon tube composite structure by a glue injection method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: Ο 一 (1) providing a liquid thermosetting polymer material. The liquid thermosetting polymer material has a dryness of less than 5 Pascal seconds and can be maintained at room temperature for more than 3 minutes. The present invention is followed by the preparation of a liquid thermosetting molecular material by using an epoxy resin, which specifically comprises the following steps: First, a mixture of a glycidyl ether type epoxy and a glycidyl ester type epoxy is placed in a - container towel to be heated to 3 inches. °C~60°C' and the mixture of the glycidyl epoxide and the water-reducing _ type Wei sang in the container for 1G minutes, and the mixture of the glycerol ether epoxy and the glycidyl ester epoxy is evenly mixed. . Next, a fatty amine and diglycidyl ether are added to the mixture of the water-reducing glycerin-based epoxy and the glycidol-g-type epoxy for chemical reaction. Finally, the mixture of the glycidyl ether type epoxy resin and the glycidyl ester type epoxy resin is heated to 30 C to 60 C ' to obtain a liquid thermosetting polymer material containing an epoxy resin. (1) impregnating the carbon nanotube structure with the liquid thermosetting two-molecular material. The method for infiltrating the carbon nanotube structure by using the liquid thermosetting polymer material comprises the following steps: 31 201039683 于一=The hollow three-dimensional support structure ι〇2 provided with the Naijing structure is placed next, and the liquid heat is The polymer material is injected into the mold to impregnate the carbon nanotube structure. In order to make the liquid thermosetting state, the carbonaceous side of the carbonaceous material is fused to the surface of the ceramic slab. Weaving Weishu Guanxiang _ sex polymer material into the trapped towel, made the carbon nanotube structure for 20 minutes. It can be understood that the liquid heat and polymer material can be used for the injection of the square tube of the carbon nanotubes 3, and the liquid material of the liquid crystal can also be used to spread the capillary _ the shape of the carbon nanotubes. Shooting, making a Wei Nai carbon tube junction ^ or the structure of the carbon nanotubes in the liquid heat, although the polymer material is 0 -) shame hot polymer material, made of carbon nanotube polymer material Composite structure. In the present embodiment, the curing method of the epoxy-containing thermosetting polymer material specifically includes the following steps: First, the mold is heated to 5 〇t~7 (rc by a heating device, and the ring is at the temperature The heat of the oxy resin _ polymer material is secret, turn the temperature 〗 〖 hours ~ 3 1 know 'make the IU polymer material heat absorption plus its curing degree ^ Second, continue to heat the mold to 8 〇 t ~ 10 ( TC, maintaining 1 small % * 3 small % at this temperature to make the thermosetting polymer material continue to absorb heat to increase its degree of solidification. Again, 'continue heating the mold to lHTC~150t: maintain at this temperature 2 J %·~20 hours' makes the thermosetting polymer material continue to absorb heat to increase its solidification 32 201039683 degrees 0 Breaking the tube height to the simplest, and purchasing a nano-National tube, the specific steps of the structure can be found in Fan Shoushan et al. = The preparation method of the re-establishment of r. In order to save space 'only = the technical disclosure of the application has also been regarded as part of the technical exposure of the present invention. ❹ 〇 can also be used for the above-mentioned thermosetting polymer material containing epoxy resin Curing method sub-material == Wen Zhifang The fine temperature is light, so that the high score of the valve can be turned into the above steps. The three electrodes form the first electrode (10) and the second step can form a carbon nanotube composite structure in the face four. When the base material is only filled in the nanobe. The hole of the carbon tube structure is two or two different dews: the carbon nanotube composite two m is directly formed on the composite tube of the carbon nanotubes, such as Ding, Kang, and ., to form an electrical connection. When the matrix material is all, Adopting the step of cutting - the carbon nanotube composite junction ^ is the same method as the third electrode, and the first electrode is electrically connected with the step carbon tube structure. ° and the first electrode melon and the exposed stereoscopic heat source After the heat reflecting layer 108 is disposed on the heating layer*1 to form the carbon nanotube composite structure, the step of injecting includes forming a heat reflecting layer 1〇8 in the carbon nanotube layer and the heat reflecting layer of the toilet can be coated (4) The step of forming an outer surface. The method of forming a money or plating M. When the material of the heat reflective layer 108 33 201039683 is a metal salt or a metal oxide, the metal salt or the metal oxide particles may be dispersed in a solvent to form a slurry and coating or screen printing the polymer The heat-reflecting layer is formed on the surface of the hollow two-dimensional support structure. The solvent should not chemically react with the metal salt or the metal oxide. In addition, the reduction ride (10) is also performed by electroplating, electroless plating, helium, vacuum test. Formed by chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition. The present invention uses a physical vapor deposition method to deposit a layer of aluminum oxide on the surface of the substrate as a heat reflective layer. The material of the heat reflective layer is - The white insulating material, such as: metal oxide, metal salt or ceramics, etc. In the present embodiment, the heat-reflecting layer-passing material is preferably three-emulsified two-thickness, and the thickness thereof is micrometer. It can be understood that the position of the heat-reflecting layer (10) is not limited. According to the actual heating direction of the three-dimensional heat source. Alternatively, when the heating element 1〇4 of the first implementation of the present invention is a flexible carbon nanotube composite structure, the following steps are included in the following steps: : , The version first provides a carbon nanotube structure. 〇 Providing a flexible matrix material preform and prefabricating the flexible matrix material _ nano carbon tube structure to form a flexible carbon nanotube composite structure. Again 'provided - hollow three-dimensional support structure 1 〇 2 composite structure is placed on the surface of the hollow three-dimensional support structure 1 〇 2 . 4 Γ 第 第 第 = = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11! and the second electrode m is electrically connected to the Nai 34 201039683 m carbon tube structure. It can be understood that the first electrode lu and the second electrode ι2 can be electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure in advance, and then the carbon nanotube structure and the flexible matrix material preform are combined to form a carbon nanotube composite structure. 5, see Figures 16, 17, and 18, the present invention provides a stereo heat source 200. The three-dimensional heat source 200 includes a heating element 204, a heat reflecting layer 2〇8, a first electrode 210, and a second electrode 212. The heating element 2〇4 constitutes a hollow three-dimensional junction and the second electrode 212 is electrically connected to the heating element 2〇4, respectively, for turning on the heating element 204 to flow current . The twisting element 2 is folded to form a cubic three-dimensional hollow three-dimensional structure. The first electrode 210 and the first electrode 212 are disposed at intervals on the opposite sides of the vertical three-dimensional structure formed by the heating element 2〇4, and can function as supporting heating elements. The first electrode 21A and the second electrode 212 are linear and substantially parallel to each other. The heat reflecting layer (10) is disposed on the outer surface of the heating element. The three-dimensional heat source 200 may further include a plurality of electrodes, and the plurality of heating elements 204 are disposed on the three-dimensional structure of the ritual Thunder, the Si 畑 仃 , ,, the periphery, the _ complex _ extremely ff axis - hollow. It can be understood that the complex electrode can be regarded as a base as a hollow (four) fiber _===: Please use a thin electrode. The tr body 2G 'the present invention provides a three-dimensional heat source. The three-dimensional heat source includes a hollow piece 304, a -electrode 3 view. Structure 302 - heating 始 in the middle of the Shishi, the first electrode 312. The heating element 304 is provided with: /, the outer surface of the structure 302. The first electrode 310 and the second 35 201039683. The electrodes 312 are electrically connected to the heating element 104, respectively, and are disposed on the outer surface of the heating element 2〇4 for electrically connecting the heating element 1〇4. Current flows. The 2-dimensional support structure 3〇2 is a hemispherical hollow three-dimensional structure, and the heating element package 2 is formed on the outer surface of the support structure 302 to form a semi-spherical shape or a semi-ellipsoidal shape. . The first electrode 310 is in the form of a dot, located at the bottom of the heating element 3〇2, and the second electrode 312 is annular, surrounding the top of the heating element of the hemispherical structure. The heat source 300 further includes a heat reflecting layer disposed at a periphery of the heating element. In this embodiment, the heat reflecting layer covers the first electrode fine/, and the red electrode 312 is disposed on the outer surface of the heating element. The stereo heat source 300 in this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and differs in that the source 300 is a hemispherical or semi-ellipsoid hollow three-dimensional structure. Of course, the stereo heat source 300 is also in the shape of other similar proximal-end openings. The three-dimensional heat source has the advantages of the town: first, because the carbon nanotube structure is two self-supporting structures' and the carbon nanotubes are evenly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure, the buds of the carbon and the carbon are combined The matrix is directly compounded, and the twisted 形成 formed by the composite can still be combined with each other to maintain the shape of a carbon nanotube structure, so that the carbon nanotubes in the hot parts can be uniformly distributed to form a conductive network. It is not limited by the concentration of nano carbon in the liquid concentration, so that the mass percentage of the carbon nanotubes in the heating element is included! It can reach 99%, so that the stereo heat source has higher electrothermal conversion efficiency. Because the nano-carbon f has a good age and secret, the strength of the neat tube structure is 2, the flexibility is good, and it is not easy to be broken, so that the three-dimensional has a long service life. The type of the base material is not limited to a polymer, and the temperature range is wide, making the heat source & Fourth, the heat capacity per unit area of the nai pure tube structure is smaller 'less than 2xl04 joules per square centimeter Kelvin, the carbon nanotube structure can be faster 36 201039683 ===: rate:: _ rapid temperature rise, after the above As described, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and the application is based on 7. However, "the field of finance is only a continuation of patents." Those who know the skills of this case are assisted. [=Simple=_槪(4) Within the scope of Luzhou paste. Ο Ο ::=::=r A^ Structure =: Dimension: :^ Through the carbon nanotubes. The reading of the silk surface, wherein the three-dimensional heat source of the base material reference structure comprises a schematic diagram of the layered nano-obstruction composite composite on the surface of the base material, and the t-nano carbon tube junction composite, =::==- composite pull The film axis of the Nipple-type nano carbon tube junction = Ming first embodiment of the one-carbon tube film 9 is the first _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ❹ 201039683 Scanning electron micrograph of the flocculated membrane. Figure ί is a diagram of the Fengping species/α photo of the preferred orientation orientation of the <stereoscopic heat source used in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a scanning electron electrical cross-section of the film of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a scanning method of the same material in the same direction as the three-dimensional heat source of the first embodiment of the present invention. A scanning electron micrograph of a carbon-carbon line used in the reading heat source of the embodiment. The twisted nene 13 is a scanning electron micrograph of the rice carbon line used in the heat source of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 is a cross-sectional scanning electron micrograph of a heating element formed by the combination of a tensile film and an epoxy tree deer used in the three-dimensional heat source of the first embodiment of the present invention: Figure 15 is a perspective view of the preparation of the three-dimensional heat source in Figure 1. Flow chart of the method. Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of a three-dimensional heat source according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVII-XVII of Figure 16. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII of Figure 16. Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a three-dimensional heat source according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX-XX of Figure 19. 38 201039683 [Description of main component symbols] Stereoscopic heat source 100, 200, 300 1 Hollow three-dimensional support 102, 302 Structural heating layer 104, 204, 304 Heat reflecting layer 108, 208, 308 First electrode 110, 210, 310 Second electrode 112, 212, 312 base material 2042 carbon nanotube structure 2044 carbon nanotube fragment 143 carbon nanotube 145
3939