TWI400985B - Method for making planar heater - Google Patents

Method for making planar heater Download PDF

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TWI400985B
TWI400985B TW98114587A TW98114587A TWI400985B TW I400985 B TWI400985 B TW I400985B TW 98114587 A TW98114587 A TW 98114587A TW 98114587 A TW98114587 A TW 98114587A TW I400985 B TWI400985 B TW I400985B
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carbon nanotube
electrode
nanotube structure
heat source
carbon
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TW98114587A
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TW201039677A (en
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Chen Feng
Kai Liu
Jia-Ping Wang
Kai-Li Jiang
Chang-Hong Liu
Shou-Shan Fan
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Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd
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面熱源的製備方法 Method for preparing surface heat source

本發明涉及一種面熱源，尤其涉及一種基於奈米碳管的面熱源。 The invention relates to a surface heat source, in particular to a surface heat source based on a carbon nanotube.

熱源在人們的生產、生活、科研中起著重要的作用。面熱源係熱源的一種。面熱源為二維結構，將待加熱物體置於該二維結構的上方對物體進行加熱，因此，面熱源可對待加熱物體的各個部位同時加熱，加熱面較大、加熱均勻且效率較高。面熱源已成功用於工業領域、科研領域或生活領域等，如電加熱器、電熱毯、紅外治療儀及電暖器等。 Heat sources play an important role in people's production, life, and research. A surface heat source is a type of heat source. The surface heat source is a two-dimensional structure, and the object to be heated is placed above the two-dimensional structure to heat the object. Therefore, the surface heat source can simultaneously heat various parts of the object to be heated, the heating surface is large, the heating is uniform, and the efficiency is high. The surface heat source has been successfully used in industrial fields, scientific research fields or living areas, such as electric heaters, electric blankets, infrared therapeutic devices and electric heaters.

先前面熱源一般包括一加熱元件和至少兩個電極，該至少兩個電極設置於該加熱元件的表面，並與該加熱元件電連接。當通過電極向加熱元件通入電壓或電流時，由於加熱元件具有較大電阻，通入加熱元件的電能轉換成熱能，並從加熱元件釋放出來。現在市售的面熱源通常採用金屬絲或碳纖維製成的電熱絲作為加熱元件進行電熱轉換。 The front front heat source generally includes a heating element and at least two electrodes disposed on a surface of the heating element and electrically connected to the heating element. When a voltage or current is applied to the heating element through the electrode, since the heating element has a large electrical resistance, electrical energy that is passed into the heating element is converted into thermal energy and released from the heating element. Commercially available surface heat sources are usually electrothermally converted using heating wires made of wire or carbon fiber as heating elements.

然而，金屬絲或碳纖維均具有強度不高、電熱轉換效率較低及品質較大的缺點。金屬絲易於折斷，特別係多次彎曲或繞折成一定角度時易產生疲勞，因此應用受到限制。另，以金 屬絲或碳纖維製成的電熱絲所產生的熱量係以普通波長向外輻射的，其電熱轉換效率不高不利於節省能源，需加入黏塗有遠紅外塗料的棉線提高電熱轉換效率，不利於節能環保。碳纖維及金屬絲的品質均較大，不利於使熱源輕型化。同時，碳纖維尺寸不夠小，不利於應用於微型熱源。 However, both the wire and the carbon fiber have the disadvantages of low strength, low electrothermal conversion efficiency, and high quality. The wire is easily broken, and is particularly susceptible to fatigue when it is bent or folded at a certain angle, and thus the application is limited. In addition, in gold The heat generated by the heating wire made of silk or carbon fiber is radiated outward at a common wavelength, and the electrothermal conversion efficiency is not high, which is not conducive to saving energy. It is necessary to add a cotton wire coated with far-infrared coating to improve the electrothermal conversion efficiency, which is disadvantageous to Energy saving and environmental protection. The quality of carbon fiber and wire is large, which is not conducive to lightening the heat source. At the same time, the carbon fiber size is not small enough to be applied to micro heat sources.

自九十年代初以來，以奈米碳管(請參見Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon,Nature,Sumio Iijima,vol 354,p56(1991))為代表的奈米材料以其獨特的結構和性質引起了人們極大的關注。近幾年來，隨著奈米碳管及奈米材料研究的不斷深入，其廣闊的應用前景不斷顯現出來。范守善等人於2007年12月19日公開的一件台灣專利申請第95121702號中公開了一種奈米柔性電熱材料。該電熱材料包括一柔性基體及分散在所述柔性基體中的多個奈米碳管。該多個奈米碳管以粉末態存在，彼此間結合力很弱，無法形成一具有特定形狀的自支撐結構。將該粉末態的奈米碳管與聚合物溶液混合時，該粉末態的奈米碳管極易團聚，從而導致奈米碳管在基體中分散不均勻。為了避免奈米碳管在聚合物溶液中分散時的團聚現象，一方面，在分散的過程中需要通過超聲波震盪處理該奈米碳管與聚合物溶液的混合物，另一方面，該電熱材料中奈米碳管的質量百分含量不能太高，僅為0.1~4%。 Since the early 1990s, nanomaterials represented by carbon nanotubes (see Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, Nature, Sumio Iijima, vol 354, p56 (1991)) have caused people with their unique structure and properties. Great attention. In recent years, with the deepening of research on carbon nanotubes and nanomaterials, its broad application prospects are constantly emerging. A nano-flexible electrocaloric material is disclosed in a Taiwan patent application No. 95121702, published on December 19, 2007. The electrocaloric material includes a flexible substrate and a plurality of carbon nanotubes dispersed in the flexible substrate. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are present in a powder state, and the bonding force between them is weak, and a self-supporting structure having a specific shape cannot be formed. When the powdered carbon nanotubes are mixed with the polymer solution, the powdered carbon nanotubes are extremely agglomerated, resulting in uneven dispersion of the carbon nanotubes in the matrix. In order to avoid the agglomeration phenomenon when the carbon nanotubes are dispersed in the polymer solution, on the one hand, the mixture of the carbon nanotubes and the polymer solution needs to be treated by ultrasonic vibration during the dispersion process, and on the other hand, in the electrothermal material The mass percentage of carbon nanotubes should not be too high, only 0.1~4%.

而且，奈米碳管在經過上述分散處理之後，即使奈米碳管彼此間能夠相互接觸，其結合力也較弱，無法形成一自支撐的 奈米碳管結構。由於奈米碳管含量少，熱電材料的熱響應速度不夠快，電熱轉換效率不夠高，故該電熱材料的發熱溫度不夠高，限制了其應用範圍。另，為了使奈米碳管在液相中分散，製備電熱材料時，其柔性基體只能選擇聚合物材料，聚合物材料耐熱溫度較低，此種採用在液相中分散奈米碳管形成電熱材料的方法限制了基體材料的選擇。 Moreover, after the above-described dispersion treatment of the carbon nanotubes, even if the carbon nanotubes can contact each other, the bonding force is weak, and a self-supporting property cannot be formed. Nano carbon tube structure. Due to the low content of carbon nanotubes, the thermal response speed of the thermoelectric material is not fast enough, and the electrothermal conversion efficiency is not high enough, so the heating temperature of the electrothermal material is not high enough, which limits the application range. In addition, in order to disperse the carbon nanotubes in the liquid phase, when preparing the electrothermal material, the flexible matrix can only select the polymer material, and the polymer material has a low heat resistance temperature, and the dispersion of the carbon nanotubes is formed in the liquid phase. The method of electrothermal material limits the choice of matrix material.

有鑒於此，提供一種電熱轉換效率較高，發熱溫度範圍較寬的面熱源的製備方法實為必要。 In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing a surface heat source having a high electrothermal conversion efficiency and a wide heating temperature range.

一種面熱源的製備方法，其包括：提供一奈米碳管結構；間隔形成一第一電極及一第二電極與該奈米碳管結構形成電連接，及提供一基體前驅體，將基體前驅體與奈米碳管結構複合，形成一奈米碳管複合結構。 A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising: providing a carbon nanotube structure; forming a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrical connection with the carbon nanotube structure, and providing a matrix precursor to drive the substrate precursor The body is combined with the carbon nanotube structure to form a carbon nanotube composite structure.

一種面熱源的製備方法，其包括：提供一奈米碳管結構；提供一基體前驅體，將基體前驅體與奈米碳管結構複合，形成一加熱元件；及間隔形成一第一電極及一第二電極與加熱元件形成電連接。 A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising: providing a carbon nanotube structure; providing a matrix precursor, compounding the matrix precursor and the carbon nanotube structure to form a heating element; and forming a first electrode and a space therebetween The second electrode is in electrical communication with the heating element.

一種面熱源的製備方法，其包括以下步驟：提供一奈米碳管結構；間隔形成一第一電極及一第二電極與該奈米碳管結構形成電連接；提供一基體前驅體，將基體前驅體與奈米碳管結構複合，形成一加熱元件；提供一支撐體包括一反射層形成於支撐體表面；及將所述加熱元件設置於反射層表面。 A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising the steps of: providing a carbon nanotube structure; forming a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrical connection with the carbon nanotube structure; providing a matrix precursor, the substrate The precursor is combined with the carbon nanotube structure to form a heating element; providing a support body including a reflective layer formed on the surface of the support; and disposing the heating element on the surface of the reflective layer.

一種面熱源的製備方法，其包括以下步驟：提供一奈米碳管線狀結構；將該奈米碳管線狀結構與所述基體前驅體複合，形成一線狀的奈米碳管複合結構；將一個或多個該線狀的奈米碳管複合結構排列形成一二維結構的加熱元件；及間隔形成一第一電極及一第二電極與該線狀的奈米碳管複合結構中的奈米碳管形成電連接。 A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising the steps of: providing a nano carbon line structure; combining the nano carbon line structure with the matrix precursor to form a linear carbon nanotube composite structure; Or a plurality of the linear carbon nanotube composite structures are arranged to form a two-dimensional heating element; and a first electrode and a second electrode are formed at intervals to form a nanometer in the linear carbon nanotube composite structure The carbon tubes form an electrical connection.

相較於先前技術，該形成自支撐的奈米碳管結構，並將該奈米碳管結構與基體直接複合形成加熱元件的方法簡單，且奈米碳管在加熱元件中的含量可方便的控制。與基體複合後，該奈米碳管結構仍能保持原有的形態，具有與純奈米碳管結構相當的發熱性能。 Compared with the prior art, the method of forming a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure and directly combining the carbon nanotube structure with the matrix to form a heating element is simple, and the content of the carbon nanotube in the heating element is convenient. control. After being combined with the matrix, the carbon nanotube structure can still maintain its original shape and has a heating performance comparable to that of the pure carbon nanotube structure.

10,20,30‧‧‧面熱源 10,20,30‧‧‧ Face heat source

12,22,32‧‧‧第一電極 12,22,32‧‧‧first electrode

14,24,34‧‧‧第二電極 14,24,34‧‧‧second electrode

143‧‧‧奈米碳管片段 143‧‧‧Nano carbon nanotube fragments

145‧‧‧奈米碳管 145‧‧・Nano carbon tube

16,26,36‧‧‧加熱元件 16,26,36‧‧‧ heating elements

162,262‧‧‧基體 162,262‧‧‧ base

164,264‧‧‧奈米碳管結構 164,264‧‧‧Nano carbon nanotube structure

25‧‧‧保護層 25‧‧‧Protective layer

27‧‧‧熱反射層 27‧‧‧Heat reflective layer

28‧‧‧支撐體 28‧‧‧Support

29‧‧‧電極引線 29‧‧‧Electrode lead

366‧‧‧奈米碳管線狀複合結構 366‧‧‧Nano carbon pipeline composite structure

圖1為本發明第一實施例的面熱源的結構示意圖。 1 is a schematic structural view of a surface heat source according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

圖2為圖1沿II-II線的剖面示意圖。 Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of Figure 1.

圖3為本發明實施例包括多個相互交叉的奈米碳管線狀結構的面熱源的結構示意圖。 3 is a schematic structural view of a surface heat source including a plurality of mutually intersecting nanocarbon line-like structures according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖4為本發明實施例包括一彎折盤繞的奈米碳管線狀結構的面熱源的結構示意圖。 4 is a schematic structural view of a surface heat source including a bent carbon nanotube-like structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖5為本發明實施例面熱源中的奈米碳管拉膜結構中奈米碳管片段的結構示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a carbon nanotube segment in a carbon nanotube drawn film structure in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖6為本發明實施例面熱源中的奈米碳管拉膜結構的掃描電鏡照片。 Fig. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of a structure of a carbon nanotube film in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖7為本發明實施例面熱源中的奈米碳管絮化膜結構的掃描電鏡照片。 Figure 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of a structure of a carbon nanotube flocculation membrane in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖8為本發明實施例面熱源中的奈米碳管碾壓膜結構中奈米碳管沿不同方向擇優取向排列的掃描電鏡照片。 FIG. 8 is a scanning electron micrograph of a preferred arrangement of carbon nanotubes in different directions in a carbon nanotube rolled film structure in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖9為本發明實施例面熱源中的奈米碳管碾壓膜結構中奈米碳管沿同一方向擇優取向排列的掃描電鏡照片。 FIG. 9 is a scanning electron micrograph of a preferred arrangement of carbon nanotubes in the same direction in a carbon nanotube rolled film structure in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖10為本發明實施例面熱源中的非扭轉的奈米碳管線的掃描電鏡照片。 Figure 10 is a scanning electron micrograph of a non-twisted nanocarbon line in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖11為本發明實施例面熱源中的扭轉的奈米碳管線的掃描電鏡照片。 Figure 11 is a scanning electron micrograph of a twisted nanocarbon line in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖12為本發明實施例面熱源中的奈米碳管拉膜與環氧樹脂複合形成的加熱元件的截斷面掃描電鏡照片。 12 is a cross-sectional scanning electron micrograph of a heating element formed by combining a carbon nanotube film and an epoxy resin in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖13為本發明實施例包括多個相互間隔的奈米碳管結構的面熱源的結構示意圖。 Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a surface heat source including a plurality of mutually spaced carbon nanotube structures according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖14為使用圖12中的加熱元件在不同電壓下的溫度變化曲線。 Figure 14 is a graph showing temperature changes at different voltages using the heating element of Figure 12.

圖15為本發明第二實施例的面熱源的結構示意圖。 Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a surface heat source according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

圖16為圖15沿XVI-XVI線的剖面示意圖。 Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI of Figure 15.

圖17為本發明第三實施例的面熱源的結構示意圖。 Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a surface heat source according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

圖18為本發明實施例面熱源製備方法的流程圖。 18 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖19為本發明實施例面熱源製備方法的奈米碳管絮狀結構的照片。 Figure 19 is a photograph of a carbon nanotube floc structure of a method for preparing a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

以下將結合附圖及具體實施例詳細說明本發明提供的面熱源。 The surface heat source provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

請參閱圖1及圖2，本發明第一實施例提供一種面熱源10，該面熱源10為二維結構，即該面熱源10係沿二維方向延伸的結構。但應當指出的係，即使具有一定厚度的二維結構，宏觀上仍視為或近似視為二維的結構的實施例，例如：板狀，膜狀等結構，也應視為本發明保護的範圍。 Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a surface heat source 10 having a two-dimensional structure, that is, a structure in which the surface heat source 10 extends in a two-dimensional direction. However, it should be noted that even a two-dimensional structure having a certain thickness, an embodiment that is macroscopically regarded or approximated as a two-dimensional structure, for example, a plate-like, film-like structure, etc., should also be regarded as protected by the present invention. range.

該面熱源10包括一加熱元件16、一第一電極12及一第二電極14。該加熱元件16與第一電極12及第二電極14電連接，用於使所述加熱元件16接通電源從而流過電流。 The surface heat source 10 includes a heating element 16, a first electrode 12 and a second electrode 14. The heating element 16 is electrically connected to the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 for turning on the power of the heating element 16 to flow a current.

所述加熱元件16包括一奈米碳管複合結構，該奈米碳管複合結構包括一基體162及至少一奈米碳管結構164與該基體162複合。具體地，該奈米碳管結構164包括多個孔隙，該基體162的材料滲透入該奈米碳管結構164的多個孔隙中，從而形成一奈米碳管複合結構。當該基體162的體積較大時，該奈米碳管結構164設置於基體162中，並被該基體162完全包覆。該加熱元件16為一層狀結構，具體地，該加熱元件16可為一平面結構或曲面結構。本實施例中，該基體162為一板狀長方體，該奈米碳管結構164完全嵌於該基體162中。 The heating element 16 includes a carbon nanotube composite structure including a substrate 162 and at least one carbon nanotube structure 164 composited with the substrate 162. Specifically, the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of pores, and the material of the matrix 162 penetrates into the plurality of pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164 to form a carbon nanotube composite structure. When the volume of the substrate 162 is large, the carbon nanotube structure 164 is disposed in the substrate 162 and completely covered by the substrate 162. The heating element 16 is a layered structure. Specifically, the heating element 16 can be a planar structure or a curved structure. In this embodiment, the base 162 is a plate-shaped rectangular parallelepiped, and the carbon nanotube structure 164 is completely embedded in the base 162.

該奈米碳管結構164為一自支撐結構。所謂“自支撐結構”即該奈米碳管結構164無需通過一支撐體支撐，也能保持自身特定的形狀。該自支撐結構的奈米碳管結構164包括多個奈米碳管，該多個奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引，從而形成一網絡結構，並使奈米碳管結構164具有特定的形狀，以形成一一體的自支撐的奈米碳管結構。本實施例中，該奈米碳管結構164為二維面狀或一維線狀結構。由於該奈米碳管結構164具有自支撐性，在不通過支撐體表面支撐時仍可保持面狀或線狀結構。該奈米碳管結構164中奈米碳管之間具有大量間隙，從而使該奈米碳管結構164具有大量孔隙，該基體162材料滲入該孔隙中。 The carbon nanotube structure 164 is a self-supporting structure. The so-called "self-supporting structure" means that the carbon nanotube structure 164 can maintain its own specific shape without being supported by a support. The self-supporting structure of the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes that are attracted to each other by van der Waals forces to form a network structure and to make the carbon nanotube structure 164 specific The shape is formed to form an integral self-supporting carbon nanotube structure. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube structure 164 is a two-dimensional planar or one-dimensional linear structure. Since the carbon nanotube structure 164 is self-supporting, it can maintain a planar or linear structure when it is not supported by the surface of the support. The carbon nanotube structure 164 has a large amount of gaps between the carbon nanotubes such that the carbon nanotube structure 164 has a large number of pores into which the matrix 162 material penetrates.

所述奈米碳管結構164包括均勻分佈的大量奈米碳管，奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合。該奈米碳管結構164中的奈米碳管為無序或有序排列。這裏的無序指奈米碳管的排列方向無規律，這裏的有序指至少多數奈米碳管的排列方向具有一定規律。具體地，當奈米碳管結構164包括無序排列的奈米碳管時，奈米碳管可進一步相互纏繞，該無序排列的奈米碳管形成的奈米碳管結構164各向同性；當奈米碳管結構164包括有序排列的奈米碳管時，奈米碳管沿一個方向或者多個方向擇優取向排列。該奈米碳管結構164的厚度優選為0.5奈米~1毫米。該奈米碳管結構164中的奈米碳管包括單壁奈米碳管、雙壁奈米碳管及多壁奈米碳管中的一種或多種。所述單壁奈米碳管的直徑為0.5奈米~50奈米，所述雙壁奈 米碳管的直徑為1.0奈米~50奈米，所述多壁奈米碳管的直徑為1.5奈米~50奈米。優選地，所述奈米碳管結構164包括有序排列的奈米碳管，奈米碳管沿一固定方向擇優取向排列。可以理解，奈米碳管結構164的熱響應速度與其厚度有關。在相同面積的情況下，奈米碳管結構164的厚度越大，熱響應速度越慢；反之，奈米碳管結構164的厚度越小，熱響應速度越快。由於該奈米碳管結構164由純奈米碳管組成，因此該奈米碳管結構164的單位面積熱容小於2×10-4焦耳每平方厘米開爾文(J/cm2‧K)，優選地小於1.7×10-6焦耳每平方厘米開爾文。該極小的單位面積熱容使該奈米碳管結構164具有較快的熱響應速度。 The carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of carbon nanotube tubes uniformly distributed, and the carbon nanotubes are tightly coupled by van der Waals force. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are disordered or ordered. The disorder here means that the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes is irregular, and the order here means that at least most of the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes has a certain regularity. Specifically, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a disordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes may be further entangled with each other, and the carbon nanotube structure 164 formed by the disordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes is isotropic When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes an ordered array of carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction or in multiple directions. The thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is preferably from 0.5 nm to 1 mm. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 include one or more of a single-walled carbon nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube. The single-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 50 nm, the double-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1.0 nm to 50 nm, and the multi-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1.5. Nano ~ 50 nm. Preferably, the carbon nanotube structure 164 comprises an ordered array of carbon nanotubes arranged in a preferred orientation in a fixed orientation. It will be appreciated that the thermal response speed of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is related to its thickness. In the case of the same area, the greater the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the slower the thermal response speed; conversely, the smaller the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the faster the thermal response speed. Since the carbon nanotube structure 164 is composed of a pure carbon nanotube, the heat capacity per unit area of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is less than 2 × 10 -4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin (J/cm 2 ‧ K), preferably Ground is less than 1.7 × 10 -6 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. This extremely small heat capacity per unit area allows the carbon nanotube structure 164 to have a faster thermal response speed.

具體地，該奈米碳管結構164包括至少一奈米碳管膜、至少一奈米碳管線狀結構或所述奈米碳管膜和線狀結構組成的複合結構。可以理解，當所述奈米碳管結構164包括多個奈米碳管膜時，該多個奈米碳管膜可層疊設置或併排設置。請參閱圖3，當所述奈米碳管結構164包括多個奈米碳管線狀結構時，該多個奈米碳管線狀結構可相互平行、併排或交叉設置成一二維的奈米碳管結構164或相互纏繞或編織成一二維的奈米碳管結構164。另，請參閱圖4，當該奈米碳管結構164可通過一奈米碳管線狀結構彎折盤繞成一二維的奈米碳管結構164。 Specifically, the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube film, at least one nano carbon line structure, or a composite structure composed of the carbon nanotube film and a linear structure. It will be understood that when the carbon nanotube structure 164 comprises a plurality of carbon nanotube membranes, the plurality of carbon nanotube membranes may be stacked or arranged side by side. Referring to FIG. 3, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of nanocarbon line-like structures, the plurality of nanocarbon line-like structures may be parallel to each other, side by side or crosswise to form a two-dimensional nanocarbon. The tube structures 164 are either entangled or woven into a two-dimensional carbon nanotube structure 164. In addition, referring to FIG. 4, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 can be bent and twisted into a two-dimensional carbon nanotube structure 164 through a nano carbon line structure.

該奈米碳管膜包括奈米碳管拉膜、奈米碳管絮化膜或奈米碳管碾壓膜。該奈米碳管線狀結構可包括至少一個奈米碳管線 、多個奈米碳管線平行排列組成的束狀結構或多個奈米碳管線扭轉組成的絞線結構。 The carbon nanotube film comprises a carbon nanotube film, a carbon nanotube film or a carbon nanotube film. The nanocarbon pipeline structure may include at least one nano carbon pipeline a bundle structure in which a plurality of nano carbon pipelines are arranged in parallel or a twisted wire structure in which a plurality of nano carbon pipelines are twisted.

所述奈米碳管結構164可包括至少一奈米碳管拉膜，該奈米碳管拉膜為從奈米碳管陣列中直接拉取獲得的一種具有自支撐性的奈米碳管膜。每一奈米碳管拉膜包括多個沿同一方向擇優取向且平行於奈米碳管拉膜表面排列的奈米碳管。所述奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連，以形成一一體的自支撐的奈米碳管拉膜。請參閱圖5及圖6，具體地，每一奈米碳管拉膜包括多個連續且定向排列的奈米碳管片段143。該多個奈米碳管片段143通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連。每一奈米碳管片段143包括多個相互平行的奈米碳管145，該多個相互平行的奈米碳管145通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合。該奈米碳管片段143具有任意的寬度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。所述奈米碳管拉膜的厚度為0.5奈米~100微米，寬度與拉取該奈米碳管拉膜的奈米碳管陣列的尺寸有關，長度不限。當該奈米碳管結構164由奈米碳管拉膜組成，且奈米碳管結構164的厚度比較小時，例如小於10微米，該奈米碳管結構164有很好的透明度，其透光率可達到90%，可用於製造一透明熱源。 The carbon nanotube structure 164 may include at least one carbon nanotube film, which is a self-supporting carbon nanotube film obtained by directly pulling from a carbon nanotube array. . Each nano carbon tube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes which are preferentially oriented in the same direction and arranged parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotubes are connected end to end by van der Waals force to form an integrated self-supporting carbon nanotube film. Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, in particular, each carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of continuous and aligned carbon nanotube segments 143. The plurality of carbon nanotube segments 143 are connected end to end by Van der Waals force. Each of the carbon nanotube segments 143 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes 145 that are parallel to each other, and the plurality of mutually parallel carbon nanotubes 145 are tightly coupled by a van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube segment 143 has any width, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The thickness of the carbon nanotube film is 0.5 nm to 100 μm, and the width is related to the size of the carbon nanotube array for pulling the carbon nanotube film, and the length is not limited. When the carbon nanotube structure 164 is composed of a carbon nanotube film, and the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is relatively small, for example, less than 10 micrometers, the carbon nanotube structure 164 has good transparency and transmittance. Up to 90% can be used to make a transparent heat source.

當所述奈米碳管結構164包括層疊設置的多層奈米碳管拉膜時，相鄰兩層奈米碳管拉膜中的擇優取向排列的奈米碳管之間形成一交叉角度α，α大於等於0度小於等於90度(0°≦α≦90°)。所述多個奈米碳管拉膜之間或一個奈米碳管拉膜之中的相鄰的奈米碳管之間具有一定間隙，從而在奈米碳 管結構164中形成多個孔隙，孔隙的孔徑尺寸約小於10微米。所述奈米碳管拉膜的具體結構及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於2007年2月12日申請的，第96105016號台灣專利申請。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此，但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請技術揭露的一部分。 When the carbon nanotube structure 164 comprises a stacked multi-layered carbon nanotube film, a preferred orientation between the adjacent two carbon nanotube films forms an intersection angle α, α is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees (0° ≦ α ≦ 90 °). a gap between the plurality of carbon nanotube membranes or between adjacent carbon nanotubes in a carbon nanotube membrane, thereby forming a carbon nanocarbon A plurality of pores are formed in the tube structure 164, the pores having a pore size of less than about 10 microns. For the specific structure of the carbon nanotube film and the preparation method thereof, refer to Taiwan Patent Application No. 96105016, which was filed on Feb. 12, 2007 by Fan Shoushan et al. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

本發明實施例的奈米碳管結構164包括多個沿相同方向層疊設置的奈米碳管拉膜，從而使奈米碳管結構164中奈米碳管均沿同一方向擇優取向排列。 The carbon nanotube structure 164 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of carbon nanotube film laminated in the same direction, so that the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are aligned in the same direction.

所述奈米碳管結構164可包括至少一奈米碳管絮化膜，該奈米碳管絮化膜包括相互纏繞且均勻分佈的奈米碳管。奈米碳管的長度大於10微米，優選為200微米~900微米，從而使奈米碳管相互纏繞在一起。所述奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引、纏繞，形成網絡狀結構，以形成一個一體的自支撐的奈米碳管絮化膜。所述奈米碳管絮化膜各向同性。所述奈米碳管絮化膜中的奈米碳管為均勻分佈，無規則排列，形成大量的孔隙結構，孔隙孔徑約小於10微米。所述奈米碳管絮化膜的長度和寬度不限。請參閱圖7，由於在奈米碳管絮化膜中，奈米碳管相互纏繞，因此該奈米碳管絮化膜具有很好的柔韌性，且為一自支撐結構，可彎曲折疊成任意形狀而不破裂。所述奈米碳管絮化膜的面積及厚度均不限，厚度為1微米~1毫米，優選為100微米。所述奈米碳管絮化膜的具體結構及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於2007年5月11日申請的第96116824號台灣專利申請。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此， 但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請技術揭露的一部分。 The carbon nanotube structure 164 can include at least one carbon nanotube flocculation membrane comprising carbon nanotubes intertwined and uniformly distributed. The length of the carbon nanotubes is greater than 10 microns, preferably between 200 microns and 900 microns, thereby entwining the carbon nanotubes with each other. The carbon nanotubes are attracted and entangled by van der Waals force to form a network structure to form an integrated self-supporting carbon nanotube flocculation film. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is isotropic. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane are uniformly distributed, randomly arranged, and form a large number of pore structures, and the pore diameter is less than about 10 micrometers. The length and width of the carbon nanotube film are not limited. Referring to FIG. 7, since the carbon nanotubes are intertwined in the carbon nanotube flocculation film, the carbon nanotube flocculation film has good flexibility and is a self-supporting structure which can be bent and folded into Any shape without breaking. The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube film are not limited, and the thickness is 1 micrometer to 1 mm, preferably 100 micrometers. The specific structure of the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane and the preparation method thereof are described in Taiwan Patent Application No. 96116824, which was filed on May 11, 2007 by the same. To save space, just quote here, However, all the technical disclosures of the above application should also be considered as part of the disclosure of the technology of the present application.

所述奈米碳管結構164可包括至少一奈米碳管碾壓膜，該奈米碳管碾壓膜包括均勻分佈的奈米碳管。所述奈米碳管無序，沿同一方向或不同方向擇優取向排列。所述奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管相互部分交疊，並通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引，緊密結合，使得該奈米碳管結構具有很好的柔韌性，可彎曲折疊成任意形狀而不破裂。且由於奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引，緊密結合，使奈米碳管碾壓膜為一一體的自支撐的結構。所述奈米碳管碾壓膜可通過碾壓一奈米碳管陣列獲得。所述奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管與形成奈米碳管陣列的生長基底的表面形成一夾角β，其中，β大於等於0度且小於等於15度(0≦β≦15°)，該夾角β與施加在奈米碳管陣列上的壓力有關，壓力越大，該夾角越小，優選地，該奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管平行於該生長基底排列。該奈米碳管碾壓膜為通過碾壓一奈米碳管陣列獲得，依據碾壓的方式不同，該奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管具有不同的排列形式。請參閱圖8，當沿不同方向碾壓時，奈米碳管沿不同方向擇優取向排列。請參閱圖9，當沿同一方向碾壓時，奈米碳管沿一固定方向擇優取向排列。另，當碾壓方向為垂直該奈米碳管陣列表面時，該奈米碳管可無序排列。該奈米碳管碾壓膜中奈米碳管的長度大於50微米。 The carbon nanotube structure 164 can include at least one carbon nanotube rolled film comprising a uniformly distributed carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes are disordered and arranged in the same direction or in different directions. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film partially overlap each other and are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, and the carbon nanotube structure has good flexibility and can be bent and folded into Any shape without breaking. Moreover, since the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, the carbon nanotube film is an integrated self-supporting structure. The carbon nanotube rolled film can be obtained by rolling an array of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film form an angle β with the surface of the growth substrate forming the carbon nanotube array, wherein β is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees (0≦β≦15) °), the angle β is related to the pressure applied to the carbon nanotube array, and the larger the pressure, the smaller the angle, preferably, the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube rolled film is parallel to the growth substrate arrangement. The carbon nanotube rolled film is obtained by rolling a carbon nanotube array, and the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film have different arrangement forms according to different rolling methods. Referring to Figure 8, when rolled in different directions, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in different directions. Referring to Figure 9, when rolled in the same direction, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along a fixed orientation. In addition, when the rolling direction is perpendicular to the surface of the carbon nanotube array, the carbon nanotubes may be disorderly arranged. The length of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film is greater than 50 microns.

該奈米碳管碾壓膜的面積和厚度不限，可根據實際需要選擇。該奈米碳管碾壓膜的面積與奈米碳管陣列的尺寸基本相同。該奈米碳管碾壓膜厚度與奈米碳管陣列的高度及碾壓的壓力有關，可為1微米~1毫米。可以理解，奈米碳管陣列的高度越大而施加的壓力越小，則製備的奈米碳管碾壓膜的厚度越大；反之，奈米碳管陣列的高度越小而施加的壓力越大，則製備的奈米碳管碾壓膜的厚度越小。所述奈米碳管碾壓膜之中的相鄰的奈米碳管之間具有一定間隙，從而在奈米碳管碾壓膜中形成多個孔隙，孔隙的孔徑約小於10微米。所述奈米碳管碾壓膜的具體結構及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於2007年6月29日申請的第96123694號台灣專利申請。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此，但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請技術揭露的一部分。 The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube rolled film are not limited and can be selected according to actual needs. The area of the carbon nanotube rolled film is substantially the same as the size of the carbon nanotube array. The thickness of the carbon nanotube film is related to the height of the carbon nanotube array and the pressure of the rolling, and may be 1 micrometer to 1 millimeter. It can be understood that the larger the height of the carbon nanotube array and the smaller the applied pressure, the larger the thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film; on the contrary, the smaller the height of the carbon nanotube array, the more the applied pressure Large, the smaller the thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film. There is a certain gap between adjacent carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film, thereby forming a plurality of pores in the carbon nanotube rolled film, and the pores have a pore diameter of less than about 10 μm. The specific structure of the carbon nanotube rolled film and its preparation method can be found in Taiwan Patent Application No. 96,312,694, filed on Jun. 29, 2007. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

所述奈米碳管結構164可包括至少一奈米碳管線。該奈米碳管線可為非扭轉的奈米碳管線或扭轉的奈米碳管線。該非扭轉的奈米碳管線為將奈米碳管拉膜通過有機溶劑處理得到。請參閱圖10，該非扭轉的奈米碳管線包括多個沿奈米碳管線長度方向排列的奈米碳管。優選地，該奈米碳管首尾相連。具體地，該非扭轉的奈米碳管線包括多個奈米碳管片段，該多個奈米碳管片段通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連，每一奈米碳管片段包括多個相互平行並通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合的奈米碳管。該奈米碳管片段具有任意的長度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。該非扭轉的奈米碳管線長度不限，直徑為0.5奈米-100微 米，優選為10微米-100微米。所述奈米碳管線的具體結構及製備方法請參見范守善等人於2002年11月5日申請的，於2008年11月21日公告的台灣專利第I303239號，及於2005年12月16日申請的，於2007年7月1日公開的台灣專利申請第94144790號。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此，但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請技術揭露的一部分。 The carbon nanotube structure 164 can include at least one nanocarbon line. The nanocarbon line can be a non-twisted nano carbon line or a twisted nano carbon line. The non-twisted nano carbon line is obtained by treating a carbon nanotube film by an organic solvent. Referring to FIG. 10, the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged along the length of the nanocarbon pipeline. Preferably, the carbon nanotubes are connected end to end. Specifically, the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, and the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are connected end to end by Van der Waals force, and each of the carbon nanotube segments includes a plurality of parallel and pass through each other Deval's tightly integrated carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The non-twisted nano carbon line is not limited in length and has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 100 μm. The meter is preferably from 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers. For the specific structure and preparation method of the nano carbon pipeline, please refer to Taiwan Patent No. I303239, which was filed on November 5, 2002 by Fan Shoushan et al., and on December 16, 2005. Taiwan Patent Application No. 94144790, which was filed on July 1, 2007. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

該扭轉的奈米碳管線為採用一機械力將所述奈米碳管拉膜兩端沿相反方向扭轉獲得。請參閱圖11，該扭轉的奈米碳管線包括多個繞奈米碳管線軸向螺旋排列的奈米碳管。具體地，該扭轉的奈米碳管線包括多個奈米碳管片段，該多個奈米碳管片段通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連，每一奈米碳管片段包括多個相互平行並通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合的奈米碳管。該奈米碳管片段具有任意的長度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。該扭轉的奈米碳管線長度不限，直徑為0.5奈米-100微米，優選為10微米-100微米。 The twisted nanocarbon line is obtained by twisting both ends of the carbon nanotube film in the opposite direction by a mechanical force. Referring to FIG. 11, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged axially helically around the carbon nanotube line. Specifically, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, and the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are connected end to end by Van der Waals force, and each of the carbon nanotube segments includes a plurality of parallel and pass through each other Deval's tightly integrated carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The twisted nanocarbon line is not limited in length and has a diameter of from 0.5 nm to 100 μm, preferably from 10 μm to 100 μm.

進一步地，可採用一揮發性有機溶劑處理該扭轉的奈米碳管線。在揮發性有機溶劑揮發時產生的表面張力的作用下，處理後的扭轉的奈米碳管線中相鄰的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合，使扭轉的奈米碳管線的直徑及比表面積減小，密度及強度增大。 Further, the twisted nanocarbon line can be treated with a volatile organic solvent. Under the action of the surface tension generated by the volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the treated twisted nanocarbon pipeline are tightly bonded by the van der Waals force, so that the diameter of the twisted nanocarbon pipeline and The specific surface area is reduced, and the density and strength are increased.

由於該奈米碳管線為採用有機溶劑或機械力處理上述奈米碳管拉膜獲得，該奈米碳管拉膜為自支撐結構，故該奈米碳管線為自支撐結構。該奈米碳管線與奈米碳管拉膜類似，由多 個奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連，以形成一一體的自支撐的奈米碳管線。另，該奈米碳管線中相鄰奈米碳管間存在間隙，故該奈米碳管線具有大量孔隙，孔隙的孔徑約小於10微米。 Since the nano carbon pipeline is obtained by treating the above carbon nanotube film with an organic solvent or mechanical force, the carbon nanotube film is a self-supporting structure, so the nano carbon pipeline is a self-supporting structure. The nano carbon pipeline is similar to the carbon nanotube membrane. The carbon nanotubes are connected end to end by Van der Waals force to form an integrated self-supporting nano carbon line. In addition, there is a gap between adjacent carbon nanotubes in the nanocarbon pipeline, so the nanocarbon pipeline has a large number of pores, and the pore diameter of the pores is less than about 10 micrometers.

所述基體162的材料可選擇為高分子材料或無機非金屬材料等。該基體162或形成該基體162的前驅體在一定溫度下為液態或氣態，從而使該基體162或該基體162的前驅體在面熱源10的加熱元件16的製備過程中能夠滲透到該奈米碳管結構164的間隙或孔隙中，並形成一固態基體162與奈米碳管結構164相結合的複合結構。該基體162的材料應具有一定的耐熱性能，使其在該面熱源10的工作溫度內不致受熱破壞、變形、熔化、氣化或分解。 The material of the substrate 162 may be selected from a polymer material or an inorganic non-metal material. The substrate 162 or the precursor forming the substrate 162 is in a liquid or gaseous state at a certain temperature, so that the substrate 162 or the precursor of the substrate 162 can penetrate the nanoparticle during the preparation of the heating element 16 of the surface heat source 10. The carbon tube structure 164 is in the gap or pores and forms a composite structure in which the solid matrix 162 is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164. The material of the substrate 162 should have a certain heat resistance so as not to be destroyed, deformed, melted, vaporized or decomposed by heat in the operating temperature of the surface heat source 10.

具體地，該高分子材料可包括熱塑性聚合物或熱固性聚合物的一種或多種，如纖維素、聚對苯二甲酸乙酯、壓克力樹脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、酚醛樹脂、環氧樹脂、矽膠及聚酯等中的一種或多種。該無機非金屬材料可包括玻璃、陶瓷及半導體材料中的一種或多種。本發明實施例中，該基體162的材料為環氧樹脂。 Specifically, the polymer material may include one or more of a thermoplastic polymer or a thermosetting polymer, such as cellulose, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polychlorinated One or more of ethylene, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, silicone, and polyester. The inorganic non-metallic material can include one or more of glass, ceramic, and semiconductor materials. In the embodiment of the invention, the material of the substrate 162 is an epoxy resin.

請參閱圖12，由於該奈米碳管結構164中奈米碳管間具有間隙，從而在奈米碳管結構164中形成多個孔隙，且該基體162或形成該基體162的前驅體在一定溫度下為液態或氣態，從而使該基體162與該奈米碳管結構164複合時可滲入該奈米碳管結構164的孔隙內部。圖12為沿平行於奈米碳管拉膜中奈 米碳管的排列方向拉伸該加熱元件16至該加熱元件16斷裂後，得到的該加熱元件16的截斷面照片，可發現，與環氧樹脂複合後，該奈米碳管結構164仍能基本保持複合前的形態，奈米碳管在環氧樹脂內基本沿同一方向擇優取向排列。 Referring to FIG. 12, since there are gaps between the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164, a plurality of pores are formed in the carbon nanotube structure 164, and the precursor 162 or the precursor forming the substrate 162 is fixed. The liquid or gaseous state at the temperature allows the substrate 162 to penetrate into the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164 when it is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164. Figure 12 shows the film along the carbon nanotubes parallel to the carbon nanotubes. After the heating element 16 is stretched in the direction of arrangement of the carbon nanotubes, the cross-sectional photograph of the heating element 16 is obtained, and it can be found that the carbon nanotube structure 164 can still be combined with the epoxy resin. Basically, the morphology before the composite is maintained, and the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in the same direction in the epoxy resin.

該基體162可只填充於所述奈米碳管結構164的孔隙中，也可如圖2所示進一步完全包覆整個奈米碳管結構164。請參閱圖13，當該加熱元件16包括多個奈米碳管結構164時，該多個奈米碳管結構164可相互間隔(或相互接觸)的設置於該基體162中。當該奈米碳管結構164為二維結構時，該二維結構可相互間隔或相互接觸的併排設置或層疊設置在基體162中；當該奈米碳管結構164為線狀結構時，該線狀結構可相互間隔或相互接觸的設置在基體162中。當該奈米碳管結構164間隔設置於基體162中時，可節省製備該加熱元件16所需的奈米碳管結構164的用量。另，可視實際需要將奈米碳管結構164設置在基體162的特定位置，從而使該加熱元件16在不同位置具有不同的加熱溫度。 The substrate 162 may be filled only in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164, or the entire carbon nanotube structure 164 may be further completely coated as shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 13 , when the heating element 16 includes a plurality of carbon nanotube structures 164 , the plurality of carbon nanotube structures 164 may be disposed in the base 162 spaced apart from each other (or in contact with each other). When the carbon nanotube structure 164 is a two-dimensional structure, the two-dimensional structure may be disposed side by side or in contact with each other in a matrix 162; when the carbon nanotube structure 164 is a linear structure, The linear structures may be disposed in the base 162 at intervals or in contact with each other. When the carbon nanotube structures 164 are spaced apart from the substrate 162, the amount of carbon nanotube structure 164 required to prepare the heating element 16 can be saved. In addition, the carbon nanotube structure 164 can be disposed at a specific location of the substrate 162 as needed to provide the heating element 16 with different heating temperatures at different locations.

可以理解，所述基體162滲透於奈米碳管結構164的孔隙中，可起到固定該奈米碳管結構164中的奈米碳管的作用，使在使用時奈米碳管結構164中的奈米碳管不致因外力摩擦或刮劃而脫落。當所述基體162包覆整個奈米碳管結構164時，該基體162可進一步保護該奈米碳管結構164。當該基體162為絕緣性的有機高分子材料或無機非金屬材料時，該基體162同時保證該加熱元件16與外部絕緣。另，該基體162可進一 步起到導熱及使熱量分佈均勻的目的。進一步地，當該奈米碳管結構164急劇升溫時，該基體162可起到緩衝熱量的作用，使該加熱元件16的溫度變化較為柔和。該基體162的材料可採用柔性高分子材料，從而可增強整個面熱源10的柔性與韌性。 It can be understood that the substrate 162 penetrates into the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164 and functions to fix the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164, so that the carbon nanotube structure 164 is used in use. The carbon nanotubes do not fall off due to external force friction or scratching. The substrate 162 may further protect the carbon nanotube structure 164 when the substrate 162 encapsulates the entire carbon nanotube structure 164. When the substrate 162 is an insulating organic polymer material or an inorganic non-metal material, the substrate 162 simultaneously ensures that the heating element 16 is insulated from the outside. In addition, the base 162 can be further The step serves to conduct heat and distribute heat evenly. Further, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 is heated abruptly, the substrate 162 acts to buffer heat, and the temperature of the heating element 16 is softened. The material of the base 162 can be made of a flexible polymer material, thereby enhancing the flexibility and toughness of the entire surface heat source 10.

可以理解，由於該奈米碳管在奈米碳管結構164中均勻分佈，通過將基體162與自支撐的奈米碳管結構164直接複合形成加熱元件16，可使奈米碳管在加熱元件16中均勻分佈，且奈米碳管的含量達到99%，提高了熱源10的發熱溫度。由於該奈米碳管結構164為一自支撐結構，且奈米碳管在奈米碳管結構164中均勻分佈，將該自支撐的奈米碳管結構164與基體162直接複合，可使複合後形成的加熱元件16中奈米碳管仍相互結合保持一奈米碳管結構164的形態，從而使加熱元件16中奈米碳管既能均勻分佈形成導電網絡，又不受奈米碳管在溶液中分散濃度的限制，使奈米碳管在加熱元件16中的質量百分含量可達到99%。 It can be understood that since the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure 164, the heating element 16 can be formed by directly compounding the substrate 162 and the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure 164, so that the carbon nanotubes can be in the heating element. The distribution in 16 is uniform, and the content of the carbon nanotubes reaches 99%, which increases the heating temperature of the heat source 10. Since the carbon nanotube structure 164 is a self-supporting structure, and the carbon nanotubes are evenly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure 164, the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure 164 is directly combined with the matrix 162 to form a composite. The carbon nanotubes in the subsequently formed heating element 16 are still combined with each other to maintain the morphology of the carbon nanotube structure 164, so that the carbon nanotubes in the heating element 16 can be uniformly distributed to form a conductive network, and are not affected by the carbon nanotubes. The concentration limit of the dispersion in the solution allows the carbon nanotubes to have a mass percentage of 99% in the heating element 16.

所述第一電極12和第二電極14由導電材料組成，該第一電極12和第二電極14的形狀不限，可為導電膜、金屬片或者金屬引線。優選地，第一電極12和第二電極14均為一層導電膜。當用於微型面熱源10時，該導電膜的厚度為0.5奈米~100微米。該導電膜的材料可為金屬、合金、銦錫氧化物(ITO)、銻錫氧化物(ATO)、導電銀膠、導電聚合物或導電性奈米碳管等。該金屬或合金材料可為鋁、銅、鎢、鉬、金、鈦 、釹、鈀、銫或其任意組合的合金。本實施例中，所述第一電極12和第二電極14的材料為金屬鈀膜，厚度為5奈米。所述金屬鈀與奈米碳管具有較好的潤濕效果，有利於所述第一電極12及第二電極14與所述加熱元件16之間形成良好的電接觸，減少歐姆接觸電阻。 The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are made of a conductive material, and the shapes of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are not limited and may be a conductive film, a metal piece or a metal lead. Preferably, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are each a layer of a conductive film. When used in the micro-face heat source 10, the conductive film has a thickness of 0.5 nm to 100 μm. The material of the conductive film may be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), conductive silver paste, conductive polymer or conductive carbon nanotube. The metal or alloy material may be aluminum, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, titanium An alloy of ruthenium, palladium, iridium or any combination thereof. In this embodiment, the material of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 is a metal palladium film and has a thickness of 5 nm. The metal palladium has a better wetting effect with the carbon nanotubes, which facilitates good electrical contact between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 and the heating element 16, and reduces ohmic contact resistance.

所述的第一電極12和第二電極14直接與加熱元件16中的奈米碳管結構164電連接。其中，第一電極12和第二電極14間隔設置，以使加熱元件16應用於面熱源10時接入一定的阻值避免短路現象產生。 The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are directly electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure 164 in the heating element 16. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are spaced apart to allow a certain resistance to be applied when the heating element 16 is applied to the surface heat source 10 to avoid short circuit.

具體地，當該加熱元件16的基體162只填充於該奈米碳管結構164的孔隙中時，由於該奈米碳管結構164中部分奈米碳管部分暴露於加熱元件16表面，該第一電極12和第二電極14可設置在加熱元件16的表面，從而使該第一電極12和第二電極14與奈米碳管結構164電連接。該第一電極12和第二電極14可設置在加熱元件16的同一表面也可設置在加熱元件16的不同表面。另，當該加熱元件16的基體162包覆整個奈米碳管結構164時，為使該第一電極12和第二電極14與該奈米碳管結構164電連接，該第一電極12和第二電極14可設置於加熱元件16的基體162中，並直接與奈米碳管結構164接觸。此時，為使該第一電極12和第二電極14與外部電源導通，該第一電極12和第二電極14可部分暴露於加熱元件16之外；或者，該熱源10可進一步包括兩條引線，分別與該第一電極12和第二電極14電連接，並從該基體162內部引出。 Specifically, when the base 162 of the heating element 16 is only filled in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164, since a portion of the carbon nanotube portion of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is exposed to the surface of the heating element 16, the first An electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 may be disposed on the surface of the heating element 16 such that the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure 164. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be disposed on the same surface of the heating element 16 or on different surfaces of the heating element 16. In addition, when the base 162 of the heating element 16 covers the entire carbon nanotube structure 164, in order to electrically connect the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 with the carbon nanotube structure 164, the first electrode 12 and The second electrode 14 can be disposed in the base 162 of the heating element 16 and in direct contact with the carbon nanotube structure 164. At this time, in order to make the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 electrically connected to the external power source, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be partially exposed to the outside of the heating element 16; or, the heat source 10 may further include two Lead wires are electrically connected to the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14, respectively, and are taken out from the inside of the base 162.

當該奈米碳管結構164中奈米碳管有序排列時，優選地，該奈米碳管的排列方向沿第一電極12至第二電極14延伸。具體地，當該奈米碳管結構164包括至少一奈米碳管拉膜時，所述第一電極12及第二電極14設置於該奈米碳管拉膜的兩端，使奈米碳管拉膜中奈米碳管首尾相連從第一電極12延伸至第二電極14。當該奈米碳管結構164包括多個平行排列的奈米碳管線狀結構時，與電阻絲相似的，該奈米碳管線狀結構兩端分別與該第一電極12與第二電極14電連接。 When the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are sequentially arranged, preferably, the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes extends along the first electrode 12 to the second electrode 14. Specifically, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube film, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are disposed at both ends of the carbon nanotube film to make the nano carbon The carbon nanotubes in the tube draw film are connected end to end from the first electrode 12 to the second electrode 14. When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of carbon nanotube-like structures arranged in parallel, the two ends of the nanocarbon line-like structure are electrically connected to the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 respectively, similar to the resistance wire. connection.

所述的第一電極12和第二電極14可通過一導電黏結劑(圖未示)設置於該加熱元件16或奈米碳管結構164表面，導電黏結劑在實現第一電極12和第二電極14與奈米碳管結構164電接觸的同時，還可將所述第一電極12和第二電極14更好地固定於奈米碳管結構164的表面上。具體地，該導電黏結劑可為銀膠。 The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be disposed on the surface of the heating element 16 or the carbon nanotube structure 164 through a conductive adhesive (not shown), and the conductive adhesive is used to implement the first electrode 12 and the second electrode While the electrode 14 is in electrical contact with the carbon nanotube structure 164, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 can also be better secured to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164. Specifically, the conductive adhesive may be a silver paste.

可以理解，第一電極12和第二電極14的結構和材料均不限，其設置目的係為了使所述加熱元件16中奈米碳管結構164流過電流。因此，所述第一電極12和第二電極14只需要導電，並與所述加熱元件16的奈米碳管結構164之間形成電接觸都在本發明的保護範圍內。 It can be understood that the structure and material of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are not limited, and the purpose is to make a current flow through the carbon nanotube structure 164 in the heating element 16. Therefore, it is within the scope of the present invention that the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 need only be electrically conductive and form electrical contact with the carbon nanotube structure 164 of the heating element 16.

本發明實施例的面熱源10在使用時，可先將面熱源10的第一電極12和第二電極14連接導線後接入電源。在接入電源後熱源10中的奈米碳管結構164即可輻射出一定波長範圍的電磁波。所述面熱源10可與待加熱物體的表面直接接觸。或者， 所述面熱源10可與待加熱物體相隔一定的距離設置。 When the surface heat source 10 of the embodiment of the present invention is used, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 of the surface heat source 10 may be connected to a power source and then connected to a power source. The carbon nanotube structure 164 in the heat source 10 after the power is turned on can radiate electromagnetic waves of a certain wavelength range. The surface heat source 10 can be in direct contact with the surface of the object to be heated. or, The surface heat source 10 can be disposed at a certain distance from the object to be heated.

本發明實施例中的面熱源10在奈米碳管結構164的面積大小一定時，通過調節電源電壓大小和奈米碳管結構164的厚度，可輻射出不同波長範圍的電磁波。具體地，該奈米碳管結構164可產生一紅外線熱輻射。電源電壓的大小一定時，奈米碳管結構164的厚度和面熱源10輻射出電磁波的波長的變化趨勢相反。即當電源電壓大小一定時，奈米碳管結構164的厚度越厚，面熱源10輻射出電磁波的波長越短；奈米碳管結構164的厚度越薄，面熱源10輻射出電磁波的波長越長。奈米碳管結構164的厚度一定時，電源電壓的大小和面熱源10輻射出電磁波的波長成反比。即當奈米碳管結構164的厚度一定時，電源電壓越大，面熱源10輻出電磁波的波長越短；電源電壓越小，面熱源10輻射出電磁波的波長越長。可以理解，該面熱源10在應用時應根據基體162的材料通過一電路限制施加在第一電極12及第二電極14兩端的電壓大小，使奈米碳管結構164的發熱溫度控制在該基體162能耐受的溫度範圍內。例如，當該基體162的材料為有機高分子聚合物時，該電壓範圍為0~10伏，該面熱源10的發熱溫度為120℃以下，並低於該高分子聚合物的熔點。當該基體162的材料為陶瓷時，該電壓範圍為10伏~30伏，該面熱源10的發熱溫度為120℃~500℃。請參閱圖14，本發明實施例通過測量100層奈米碳管拉膜相互層疊形成的奈米碳管結構164與環氧樹脂基體162複合形成的加熱元件16的面熱源10，可發現對該面 熱源10施加電壓越高，該面熱源10升溫越快，發熱溫度越高。 The surface heat source 10 in the embodiment of the present invention can radiate electromagnetic waves of different wavelength ranges by adjusting the magnitude of the power supply voltage and the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 when the area of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is constant. Specifically, the carbon nanotube structure 164 can generate an infrared thermal radiation. When the magnitude of the power supply voltage is constant, the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10 tend to be opposite. That is, when the magnitude of the power supply voltage is constant, the thicker the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the shorter the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10; the thinner the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the more the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10 is. long. When the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is constant, the magnitude of the power supply voltage is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10. That is, when the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is constant, the larger the power source voltage is, the shorter the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10 is. The smaller the power source voltage is, the longer the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10 is. It can be understood that the surface heat source 10 should limit the voltage applied to the two ends of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 through a circuit according to the material of the substrate 162, so that the heat generation temperature of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is controlled on the substrate. 162 can withstand the temperature range. For example, when the material of the substrate 162 is an organic high molecular polymer, the voltage range is 0 to 10 volts, and the heat generation temperature of the surface heat source 10 is 120 ° C or lower and lower than the melting point of the high molecular polymer. When the material of the substrate 162 is ceramic, the voltage ranges from 10 volts to 30 volts, and the heat source temperature of the surface heat source 10 is 120 ° C to 500 ° C. Referring to FIG. 14, in the embodiment of the present invention, by measuring the surface heat source 10 of the heating element 16 formed by laminating the carbon nanotube structure 164 formed by laminating 100 layers of carbon nanotubes and the epoxy resin matrix 162, it can be found that surface The higher the applied voltage of the heat source 10, the faster the temperature rise of the surface heat source 10, and the higher the heat generation temperature.

奈米碳管具有良好的導電性能及熱穩定性，且作為一理想的黑體結構，具有比較高的熱輻射效率。在另一實施例中，基體162採用耐熱材料時，將該面熱源10暴露在氧化性氣體或者大氣的環境中，其中奈米碳管結構164的厚度為5毫米，通過在10伏~30伏調節電源電壓，該面熱源10可輻射出波長較長的電磁波。通過溫度測量儀發現該面熱源10的溫度為50℃~500℃。對於具有黑體結構的物體來說，其所對應的溫度為200℃~450℃時就能發出人眼看不見的熱輻射(紅外線)，此時的熱輻射最穩定、效率最高。應用該奈米碳管結構164製成的面熱源10，可應用於電加熱器、紅外治療儀、電熱毯、電暖器等領域。 The carbon nanotube has good electrical conductivity and thermal stability, and has an excellent heat radiation efficiency as an ideal black body structure. In another embodiment, when the substrate 162 is made of a heat resistant material, the surface heat source 10 is exposed to an oxidizing gas or an atmosphere, wherein the carbon nanotube structure 164 has a thickness of 5 mm and passes through 10 volts to 30 volts. The power source voltage is adjusted, and the surface heat source 10 can radiate electromagnetic waves having a long wavelength. The temperature of the surface heat source 10 was found to be 50 ° C to 500 ° C by a temperature measuring instrument. For an object with a black body structure, the corresponding temperature of 200 ° C ~ 450 ° C can emit heat radiation (infrared) that is invisible to the human eye. At this time, the heat radiation is the most stable and efficient. The surface heat source 10 made of the carbon nanotube structure 164 can be applied to the fields of electric heaters, infrared therapeutic devices, electric blankets, electric heaters and the like.

另，當該面熱源10的加熱元件16中奈米碳管結構164的厚度較小，為一透明的奈米碳管結構164，且該基體162的材料為透明的有機或無機材料時，該面熱源10為一透明面熱源10。另，當該面熱源10的加熱元件16中的基體162由柔性的聚合物材料製成時，該面熱源10為一柔性面熱源10。進一步地，由於該聚合物材料的基體162可通過模壓法形成各種形狀，且該奈米碳管線可編織成不同形狀，該柔性的面熱源10可用於製造自發熱的取暖服、取暖手套或取暖鞋等。 In addition, when the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 in the heating element 16 of the surface heat source 10 is small, which is a transparent carbon nanotube structure 164, and the material of the substrate 162 is a transparent organic or inorganic material, The surface heat source 10 is a transparent surface heat source 10. In addition, when the base 162 in the heating element 16 of the surface heat source 10 is made of a flexible polymeric material, the surface heat source 10 is a flexible surface heat source 10. Further, since the base 162 of the polymer material can be formed into various shapes by molding, and the nano carbon line can be woven into different shapes, the flexible surface heat source 10 can be used to manufacture self-heating heating clothes, heating gloves or heating. Shoes and so on.

請參閱圖15及圖16，本發明第二實施例提供一種面熱源20，該面熱源20包括一加熱元件26、一第一電極22及一第二電極 24。該加熱元件26包括一基體262及至少一奈米碳管結構264設置於基體262中。該加熱元件26為一類二維結構，即為一具有一定厚度的二維結構。具體地，該加熱元件26可為一平面結構或曲面結構。該加熱元件26的奈米碳管結構264與第一電極22及第二電極24電連接，用於使所述加熱元件26接通電源從而流過電流。 Referring to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 , a second embodiment of the present invention provides a surface heat source 20 including a heating element 26 , a first electrode 22 , and a second electrode . twenty four. The heating element 26 includes a base 262 and at least one carbon nanotube structure 264 disposed in the base 262. The heating element 26 is a type of two-dimensional structure, that is, a two-dimensional structure having a certain thickness. Specifically, the heating element 26 can be a planar structure or a curved structure. The carbon nanotube structure 264 of the heating element 26 is electrically coupled to the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 for energizing the heating element 26 to flow a current.

該面熱源20的結構與第一實施例的面熱源10基本相同，其不同之處在於，該面熱源20進一步包括一支撐體28、一熱反射層27及一保護層25。所述熱反射層27設置於支撐體28的表面。所述加熱元件26設置於所述熱反射層27的表面。所述第一電極22和第二電極24間隔設置於所述加熱元件26的表面，並與該加熱元件26電接觸，用於使所述加熱元件26中流過電流。所述保護層25設置於所述加熱元件26的表面，用於避免所述加熱元件26吸附外界雜質。所述支撐體28、熱反射層27及保護層25均為可選擇結構。進一步地，該面熱源20包括兩條電極引線29，分別與所述第一電極22和第二電極24相連，從嵌於基體262中的第一電極22和第二電極24引出至基體262外。 The surface heat source 20 has substantially the same structure as the surface heat source 10 of the first embodiment, except that the surface heat source 20 further includes a support body 28, a heat reflecting layer 27 and a protective layer 25. The heat reflective layer 27 is disposed on the surface of the support body 28. The heating element 26 is disposed on a surface of the heat reflective layer 27. The first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 are spaced apart from the surface of the heating element 26 and are in electrical contact with the heating element 26 for flowing a current through the heating element 26. The protective layer 25 is disposed on a surface of the heating element 26 for preventing the heating element 26 from adsorbing foreign matter. The support body 28, the heat reflective layer 27 and the protective layer 25 are all optional structures. Further, the surface heat source 20 includes two electrode leads 29 connected to the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 respectively, and is led out from the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 embedded in the base 262 to the outside of the base 262. .

所述支撐體28形狀不限，其具有一表面用於支撐加熱元件16或者熱反射層27。該表面可為平面或曲面。優選地，所述支撐體28為一板狀結構，其材料可為硬性材料，如：陶瓷、玻璃、樹脂、石英等，亦可選擇柔性材料，如：塑膠或樹脂等。其中，支撐體28的大小不限，可依據實際需要進行改變。 本實施例優選的支撐體28為一陶瓷基板。 The support body 28 is not limited in shape and has a surface for supporting the heating element 16 or the heat reflecting layer 27. The surface can be flat or curved. Preferably, the support body 28 is a plate-like structure, and the material thereof may be a hard material such as ceramics, glass, resin, quartz, etc., and a flexible material such as plastic or resin may also be selected. The size of the support body 28 is not limited, and can be changed according to actual needs. The preferred support 28 of this embodiment is a ceramic substrate.

所述熱反射層27的設置用來反射加熱元件26所發的熱量，從而控制加熱的方向，用於單面加熱，並進一步提高加熱的效率。所述熱反射層27的材料為一白色絕緣材料，如：金屬氧化物、金屬鹽或陶瓷等。本實施例中，熱反射層27為三氧化二鋁層，其厚度為100微米~0.5毫米。該熱反射層27可通過濺射或其他方法形成於該支撐體28表面。可以理解，所述熱反射層27也可設置在支撐體28遠離加熱元件26的表面，即所述支撐體28設置於所述加熱元件26和所述熱反射層27之間。所述熱反射層27為一可選擇的結構。所述加熱元件26可直接設置在支撐體28的表面，此時面熱源10的加熱方向不限，可用於雙面加熱。 The heat reflecting layer 27 is arranged to reflect the heat generated by the heating element 26, thereby controlling the direction of heating, for single-sided heating, and further improving the efficiency of heating. The material of the heat reflecting layer 27 is a white insulating material such as a metal oxide, a metal salt or a ceramic. In this embodiment, the heat reflective layer 27 is a layer of aluminum oxide having a thickness of 100 micrometers to 0.5 millimeters. The heat reflective layer 27 may be formed on the surface of the support 28 by sputtering or other methods. It can be understood that the heat reflecting layer 27 can also be disposed on the surface of the support body 28 away from the heating element 26, that is, the support body 28 is disposed between the heating element 26 and the heat reflecting layer 27. The heat reflective layer 27 is an alternative structure. The heating element 26 can be directly disposed on the surface of the support body 28, and the heating direction of the surface heat source 10 is not limited, and can be used for double-sided heating.

所述保護層25為一可選擇結構，其材料為一絕緣材料，如：塑膠、橡膠或樹脂等。所述保護層25厚度不限，可根據實際情況選擇。所述保護層25覆蓋於所述第一電極22、第二電極24和加熱元件26之上，本實施例中，該絕緣保護層25的材料為耐熱橡膠，其厚度為0.5~2毫米。所述保護層25可保護加熱元件26，尤其當該加熱元件26中基體262僅填充於奈米碳管結構264的孔隙中時，該保護層25可防止暴露於加熱元件26表面的奈米碳管受外力摩擦而損壞，另，可保證該加熱元件26除所述第一電極22及第二電極24外與外部絕緣。 The protective layer 25 is an optional structure, and the material thereof is an insulating material such as plastic, rubber or resin. The thickness of the protective layer 25 is not limited and can be selected according to actual conditions. The protective layer 25 covers the first electrode 22, the second electrode 24 and the heating element 26. In the embodiment, the insulating protective layer 25 is made of heat-resistant rubber and has a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm. The protective layer 25 protects the heating element 26, particularly when the substrate 262 of the heating element 26 is only filled in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 264, the protective layer 25 prevents exposure to the surface of the heating element 26 The tube is damaged by external force friction, and it is ensured that the heating element 26 is insulated from the outside except for the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24.

請參閱圖17，本發明第三實施例提供一種面熱源30，該面熱源30包括一加熱元件36、一第一電極32及一第二電極34。該 加熱元件36為一二維結構，即具有一定厚度的二維結構。具體地，該加熱元件36可為一平面結構或曲面結構。該加熱元件36與第一電極32及第二電極34電連接，用於使所述加熱元件36中的奈米碳管接通電源從而流過電流。 Referring to FIG. 17, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a surface heat source 30. The surface heat source 30 includes a heating element 36, a first electrode 32, and a second electrode 34. The The heating element 36 is a two-dimensional structure, that is, a two-dimensional structure having a certain thickness. Specifically, the heating element 36 can be a planar structure or a curved structure. The heating element 36 is electrically connected to the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 34 for turning on the carbon nanotubes in the heating element 36 to supply a current.

該面熱源30的結構與第一實施例的面熱源10基本相同，其不同之處在於，該加熱元件36包括多個奈米碳管線狀複合結構366。該多個奈米碳管線狀複合結構366相互編織形成二維的加熱元件36。該奈米碳管線狀複合結構366為將一奈米碳管線狀結構與一基體材料複合得到。該基體材料填充於該奈米碳管線狀結構的孔隙中。該奈米碳管複合線狀結構366可方便地直接編織成各種形狀的加熱元件36。該基體材料優選為柔性的聚合物。 The surface heat source 30 has substantially the same structure as the surface heat source 10 of the first embodiment, except that the heating element 36 includes a plurality of nanocarbon line-like composite structures 366. The plurality of nanocarbon line-like composite structures 366 are woven together to form a two-dimensional heating element 36. The nanocarbon line-like composite structure 366 is obtained by compounding a nano carbon line structure with a matrix material. The matrix material is filled in the pores of the nanocarbon line-like structure. The carbon nanotube composite wire structure 366 can be conveniently woven directly into heating elements 36 of various shapes. The matrix material is preferably a flexible polymer.

請參閱圖18，本發明實施例提供一種面熱源10的製備方法，其包括以下步驟： 步驟一，提供一奈米碳管結構164，該奈米碳管結構164包括多個孔隙。 Referring to FIG. 18, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a surface heat source 10, which includes the following steps: In a first step, a carbon nanotube structure 164 is provided, the carbon nanotube structure 164 comprising a plurality of pores.

根據奈米碳管結構164的不同，所述奈米碳管結構164的製備方法包括：直接拉膜法、碾壓法、絮化法等。本實施例中，該奈米碳管結構164可為一維結構也可為二維結構。下面將對上述幾種奈米碳管結構164的製備方法進行分別敍述。 According to the difference of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the preparation method of the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a direct film drawing method, a rolling method, a flocculation method and the like. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube structure 164 can be a one-dimensional structure or a two-dimensional structure. The preparation methods of the above several carbon nanotube structures 164 will be separately described below.

(一)當該奈米碳管結構164包括至少一奈米碳管拉膜，該奈米碳管結構164的製備方法具體包括以下步驟： 首先，提供一奈米碳管陣列形成於一生長基底，該陣列為超順排的奈米碳管陣列。 (1) When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube film, the method for preparing the carbon nanotube structure 164 specifically includes the following steps: First, an array of carbon nanotubes is provided on a growth substrate that is a super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes.

該奈米碳管陣列的製備方法採用化學氣相沈積法，其具體步驟包括：(a)提供一平整生長基底，該生長基底可選用P型或N型矽生長基底，或選用形成有氧化層的矽生長基底，本發明實施例優選為採用4英寸的矽生長基底；(b)在生長基底表面均勻形成一催化劑層，該催化劑層材料可選用鐵(Fe)、鈷(Co)、鎳(Ni)或其任意組合的合金之一；(c)將上述形成有催化劑層的生長基底在700℃~900℃的空氣中退火約30分鐘~90分鐘；(d)將處理過的生長基底置於反應爐中，在保護氣體環境下加熱到500℃~740℃，然後通入碳源氣體反應約5分鐘~30分鐘，生長得到奈米碳管陣列。該奈米碳管陣列為多個彼此平行且垂直於生長基底生長的奈米碳管形成的純奈米碳管陣列。通過上述控制生長條件，該定向排列的奈米碳管陣列中基本不含有雜質，如無定型碳或殘留的催化劑金屬顆粒等。 The method for preparing the carbon nanotube array adopts a chemical vapor deposition method, and the specific steps thereof include: (a) providing a flat growth substrate, the growth substrate may be a P-type or N-type germanium growth substrate, or an oxide layer may be formed. The ruthenium growth substrate, the embodiment of the present invention preferably uses a 4 inch ruthenium growth substrate; (b) uniformly forms a catalyst layer on the surface of the growth substrate, and the catalyst layer material may be selected from iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel ( (1) annealing the growth substrate on which the catalyst layer is formed in air at 700 ° C to 900 ° C for about 30 minutes to 90 minutes; (d) placing the treated growth substrate In the reaction furnace, it is heated to 500 ° C ~ 740 ° C in a protective gas atmosphere, and then introduced into the carbon source gas for about 5 minutes to 30 minutes to grow to obtain a carbon nanotube array. The carbon nanotube array is a plurality of pure carbon nanotube arrays formed of carbon nanotubes that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the growth substrate. The aligned carbon nanotube array contains substantially no impurities, such as amorphous carbon or residual catalyst metal particles, etc., by controlling the growth conditions described above.

本發明實施例提供的奈米碳管陣列為單壁奈米碳管陣列、雙壁奈米碳管陣列及多壁奈米碳管陣列中的一種。所述奈米碳管的直徑為1奈米~50奈米，長度為50奈米~5毫米。本實施例中，奈米碳管的長度優選為100微米~900微米。 The carbon nanotube array provided by the embodiment of the invention is one of a single-walled carbon nanotube array, a double-walled carbon nanotube array, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube array. The carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 1 nm to 50 nm and a length of 50 nm to 5 mm. In this embodiment, the length of the carbon nanotubes is preferably from 100 micrometers to 900 micrometers.

本發明實施例中碳源氣可選用乙炔、乙烯、甲烷等化學性質較活潑的碳氫化合物，本發明實施例優選的碳源氣為乙炔；保護氣體為氮氣或惰性氣體，本發明實施例優選的保護氣體 為氬氣。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the carbon source gas may be a chemically active hydrocarbon such as acetylene, ethylene or methane. The preferred carbon source gas in the embodiment of the present invention is acetylene; the shielding gas is nitrogen or an inert gas, and is preferred in the embodiment of the present invention. Protective gas It is argon.

可以理解，本發明實施例提供的奈米碳管陣列不限於上述製備方法，也可為石墨電極恒流電弧放電沈積法、鐳射蒸發沈積法等。 It is to be understood that the carbon nanotube array provided by the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above preparation method, and may be a graphite electrode constant current arc discharge deposition method, a laser evaporation deposition method, or the like.

其次，採用一拉伸工具從奈米碳管陣列中拉取奈米碳管獲得至少一奈米碳管拉膜，其具體包括以下步驟：(a)從所述超順排奈米碳管陣列中選定一個或具有一定寬度的多個奈米碳管，本實施例優選為採用具有一定寬度的膠帶、鑷子或夾子接觸奈米碳管陣列以選定一個或具有一定寬度的多個奈米碳管；(b)以一定速度拉伸該選定的奈米碳管，從而形成首尾相連的多個奈米碳管片段，進而形成一連續的奈米碳管膜。該拉取方向沿基本垂直於奈米碳管陣列的生長方向。 Secondly, a drawing tool is used to pull the carbon nanotubes from the carbon nanotube array to obtain at least one carbon nanotube film, which specifically comprises the following steps: (a) from the super-sequential carbon nanotube array One of the plurality of carbon nanotubes having a certain width or a certain width is selected. In this embodiment, it is preferable to contact the carbon nanotube array with a tape, a tweezers or a clip having a certain width to select one or a plurality of carbon nanotubes having a certain width. (b) stretching the selected carbon nanotubes at a certain speed to form a plurality of carbon nanotube segments connected end to end, thereby forming a continuous carbon nanotube film. The pull direction is substantially perpendicular to the growth direction of the nanotube array.

在上述拉伸過程中，該多個奈米碳管片段在拉力作用下沿拉伸方向逐漸脫離生長基底的同時，由於凡德瓦爾力作用，該選定的多個奈米碳管片段分別與其他奈米碳管片段首尾相連地連續地被拉出，從而形成一連續、均勻且具有一定寬度的奈米碳管膜。該奈米碳管膜包括多個首尾相連的奈米碳管，該奈米碳管基本沿拉伸方向排列。請參閱圖5及圖6，該奈米碳管膜包括多個擇優取向排列的奈米碳管145。進一步地，所述奈米碳管膜包括多個首尾相連且定向排列的奈米碳管片段143，奈米碳管片段143兩端通過凡德瓦爾力相互連接。該奈米碳管片段143包括多個相互平行排列的奈米碳管145。該直接拉伸獲得奈米碳管膜的方法簡單快速，適宜進行工業化 應用。 In the above stretching process, the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are gradually separated from the growth substrate in the stretching direction under the tensile force, and the selected plurality of carbon nanotube segments are respectively combined with the other due to the van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube segments are continuously drawn end to end to form a continuous, uniform carbon nanotube membrane having a certain width. The carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes connected end to end, and the carbon nanotubes are arranged substantially in the stretching direction. Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes 145 arranged in a preferred orientation. Further, the carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of end-to-end and aligned carbon nanotube segments 143, and the carbon nanotube segments 143 are connected to each other by a van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube section 143 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes 145 arranged in parallel with each other. The method of directly stretching to obtain a carbon nanotube film is simple and rapid, and is suitable for industrialization. application.

該奈米碳管膜的寬度與奈米碳管陣列的尺寸有關，該奈米碳管膜的長度不限，可根據實際需求制得。當該奈米碳管陣列的面積為4英寸時，該奈米碳管膜的寬度為0.5奈米~10厘米，該奈米碳管膜的厚度為0.5奈米~100微米。 The width of the carbon nanotube film is related to the size of the carbon nanotube array, and the length of the carbon nanotube film is not limited and can be obtained according to actual needs. When the area of the carbon nanotube array is 4 inches, the width of the carbon nanotube film is 0.5 nm to 10 cm, and the thickness of the carbon nanotube film is 0.5 nm to 100 μm.

最後，利用上述奈米碳管拉膜製備奈米碳管結構164。 Finally, a carbon nanotube structure 164 is prepared using the above-described carbon nanotube film.

該奈米碳管拉膜可作為一奈米碳管結構164使用。進一步，還可將至少兩個奈米碳管拉膜平行無間隙或/和層疊鋪設得到一奈米碳管結構164。由於該奈米碳管拉膜具有較大的比表面積，因此該奈米碳管拉膜具有較大黏性，故多層奈米碳管膜可相互緊密結合形成一奈米碳管結構164。該奈米碳管結構164中，奈米碳管拉膜的層數不限，且相鄰兩層奈米碳管拉膜之間具有一交叉角度α，0°≦α≦90°，具體可依據實際需求製備。所述奈米碳管膜可沿一個電極至另一個電極方向鋪設，從而使奈米碳管膜中奈米碳管沿一個電極至另一個電極方向延伸 The carbon nanotube film can be used as a carbon nanotube structure 164. Further, at least two carbon nanotube films may be laid in parallel without gaps or/and lamination to obtain a carbon nanotube structure 164. Since the carbon nanotube film has a large specific surface area, the carbon nanotube film has a large viscosity, so the multilayer carbon nanotube film can be closely combined with each other to form a carbon nanotube structure 164. In the carbon nanotube structure 164, the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film is not limited, and the adjacent two layers of carbon nanotube film have an intersection angle α, 0° ≦ α ≦ 90 °, specifically Prepared according to actual needs. The carbon nanotube film can be laid along one electrode to the other electrode, so that the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film extend along one electrode to the other electrode

本實施例中，進一步包括用有機溶劑處理奈米碳管結構164的步驟，該有機溶劑為揮發性有機溶劑，可選用乙醇、甲醇、丙酮、二氯乙烷和氯仿中一種或者幾種的混合，本實施例中的有機溶劑採用乙醇。該使用有機溶劑處理的步驟具體為：將該奈米碳管結構164設置於一基底表面或一框架結構上，通過試管將有機溶劑滴落在奈米碳管結構164表面浸潤整 個奈米碳管結構164，或者，也可將上述奈米碳管結構164浸入盛有有機溶劑的容器中浸潤。所述的奈米碳管結構164經有機溶劑浸潤處理後，當奈米碳管膜的層數較少時，在表面張力的作用下，奈米碳管膜中相鄰的奈米碳管會收縮成間隔分佈的奈米碳管線。而當奈米碳管膜的層數較多時，有機溶劑處理後的多層奈米碳管膜為一均勻的膜結構。有機溶劑處理後，奈米碳管結構164的黏性降低，更便於使用。 In this embodiment, the method further comprises the step of treating the carbon nanotube structure 164 with an organic solvent, which is a volatile organic solvent, optionally using one or a combination of ethanol, methanol, acetone, dichloroethane and chloroform. The organic solvent in this embodiment is ethanol. The step of treating with the organic solvent is specifically: the carbon nanotube structure 164 is disposed on a substrate surface or a frame structure, and the organic solvent is dropped on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164 by a test tube. The carbon nanotube structure 164 may alternatively be immersed in a container containing an organic solvent to infiltrate the carbon nanotube structure 164. After the carbon nanotube structure 164 is infiltrated by an organic solvent, when the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film is small, under the action of surface tension, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film will Shrinking into spaced carbon nanotubes. When the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film is large, the multilayered carbon nanotube film treated by the organic solvent has a uniform film structure. After the organic solvent treatment, the viscosity of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is reduced and it is easier to use.

(二)當該奈米碳管結構164包括至少一奈米碳管絮化膜，該奈米碳管結構164的製備方法包括以下步驟：首先，提供一奈米碳管原料。 (b) When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube flocculation membrane, the preparation method of the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes the following steps: First, a carbon nanotube raw material is provided.

所述奈米碳管原料可為通過化學氣相沈積法、石墨電極恒流電弧放電沈積法或鐳射蒸發沈積法等各種方法製備的奈米碳管。 The carbon nanotube raw material may be a carbon nanotube prepared by various methods such as chemical vapor deposition, graphite electrode constant current arc discharge deposition or laser evaporation deposition.

本實施例中，採用刀片或其他工具將上述定向排列的奈米碳管陣列從基底刮落，獲得一奈米碳管原料。優選地，所述的奈米碳管原料中，奈米碳管的長度大於100微米。 In this embodiment, the aligned carbon nanotube arrays are scraped off the substrate by using a blade or other tool to obtain a carbon nanotube raw material. Preferably, in the carbon nanotube raw material, the length of the carbon nanotube is greater than 100 micrometers.

其次，將上述奈米碳管原料添加到一溶劑中並進行絮化處理獲得一奈米碳管絮狀結構，將上述奈米碳管絮狀結構從溶劑中分離，並對該奈米碳管絮狀結構定型處理以獲得一奈米碳管膜。 Next, the above carbon nanotube raw material is added to a solvent and subjected to flocculation treatment to obtain a nano carbon tube floc structure, and the above carbon nanotube floc structure is separated from the solvent, and the carbon nanotube is separated. The flocculated structure is shaped to obtain a carbon nanotube film.

本發明實施例中，溶劑可選用水、易揮發的有機溶劑等。絮化處理可通過採用超聲波分散處理或高強度攪拌等方法。優 選地，本發明實施例採用超聲波分散10分鐘~30分鐘。由於奈米碳管具有極大的比表面積，相互纏繞的奈米碳管之間具有較大的凡德瓦爾力。上述絮化處理並不會將該奈米碳管原料中的奈米碳管完全分散在溶劑中，奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引、纏繞，形成網絡狀結構。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the solvent may be selected from water, a volatile organic solvent or the like. The flocculation treatment can be carried out by a method such as ultrasonic dispersion treatment or high-intensity stirring. excellent Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention uses ultrasonic waves to disperse for 10 minutes to 30 minutes. Due to the extremely large specific surface area of the carbon nanotubes, there is a large van der Waals force between the intertwined carbon nanotubes. The above flocculation treatment does not completely disperse the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube raw material in the solvent, and the carbon nanotubes are mutually attracted and entangled by the van der Waals force to form a network structure.

本發明實施例中，所述的分離奈米碳管絮狀結構的方法具體包括以下步驟：將上述含有奈米碳管絮狀結構的溶劑倒入一放有濾紙的漏斗中；靜置乾燥一段時間從而獲得一分離的奈米碳管絮狀結構，圖19為該奈米碳管絮狀結構的照片。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the method for separating the carbon nanotube floc structure comprises the following steps: pouring the solvent containing the carbon nanotube floc structure into a funnel with a filter paper; The time thus obtains a separate carbon nanotube floc structure, and FIG. 19 is a photograph of the carbon nanotube floc structure.

本發明實施例中，所述的奈米碳管絮狀結構的定型處理過程具體包括以下步驟：將上述奈米碳管絮狀結構置於一容器中；將該奈米碳管絮狀結構按照預定形狀攤開；施加一定壓力於攤開的奈米碳管絮狀結構；及，將該奈米碳管絮狀結構中殘留的溶劑烘乾或等溶劑自然揮發後獲得一奈米碳管絮化膜，圖7為該奈米碳管絮化膜的掃描電鏡照片。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the shaping process of the carbon nanotube floc structure comprises the following steps: placing the carbon nanotube floc structure in a container; and the carbon nanotube floc structure The predetermined shape is spread out; a certain pressure is applied to the expanded carbon nanotube floc structure; and the residual solvent in the nano carbon tube floc structure is dried or the solvent is naturally volatilized to obtain a nano carbon tube floc. The film, Figure 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of the carbon nanotube flocculation film.

可以理解，本發明實施例可通過控制該奈米碳管絮狀結構攤開的面積來控制該奈米碳管絮化膜的厚度和面密度。奈米碳管絮狀結構攤開的面積越大，則該奈米碳管絮化膜的厚度和面密度就越小。本發明實施例中獲得的奈米碳管絮化膜，該奈米碳管絮化膜的厚度為1微米-2毫米。 It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can control the thickness and areal density of the carbon nanotube flocculation film by controlling the area in which the carbon nanotube floc is spread. The larger the area spread by the carbon nanotube floc structure, the smaller the thickness and areal density of the carbon nanotube flocculation film. The carbon nanotube flocculation film obtained in the embodiment of the invention has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 2 millimeters.

另，上述分離與定型處理奈米碳管絮狀結構的步驟也可直接通過抽濾的方式實現，具體包括以下步驟：提供一微孔濾膜 及一抽氣漏斗；將上述含有奈米碳管絮狀結構的溶劑經過該微孔濾膜倒入該抽氣漏斗中；抽濾並乾燥後獲得一奈米碳管絮化膜。該微孔濾膜為一表面光滑、孔徑為0.22微米的濾膜。由於抽濾方式本身將提供一較大的氣壓作用於該奈米碳管絮狀結構，該奈米碳管絮狀結構經過抽濾會直接形成一均勻的奈米碳管絮化膜。且，由於微孔濾膜表面光滑，該奈米碳管絮化膜容易剝離，得到一自支撐的奈米碳管絮化膜。 In addition, the step of separating and shaping the carbon nanotube floc structure can also be directly carried out by suction filtration, and specifically includes the following steps: providing a microporous membrane And an evacuation funnel; the solvent containing the carbon nanotube floc structure is poured into the suction funnel through the microfiltration membrane; suction filtration and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube flocculation membrane. The microporous membrane is a filter membrane having a smooth surface and a pore size of 0.22 μm. Since the suction filtration method itself will provide a large gas pressure on the carbon nanotube floc structure, the carbon nanotube floc structure directly forms a uniform carbon nanotube flocculation membrane by suction filtration. Moreover, since the surface of the microporous membrane is smooth, the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is easily peeled off, and a self-supporting carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is obtained.

請參見圖7，上述奈米碳管絮化膜中包括相互纏繞的奈米碳管，所述奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引、纏繞，形成網絡狀結構，因此該奈米碳管絮化膜具有很好的韌性。該奈米碳管絮化膜中，奈米碳管為均勻分佈且無規則排列。 Referring to FIG. 7, the above carbon nanotube flocculation film comprises intertwined carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes are attracted and entangled by van der Waals force to form a network structure, so the nanometer The carbon tube flocculation membrane has good toughness. In the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane, the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed and randomly arranged.

可以理解，該奈米碳管絮化膜的具有一定的厚度，且通過控制該奈米碳管絮狀結構攤開的面積及壓力大小可控制其厚度。所以該奈米碳管絮化膜可直接作為一奈米碳管結構164使用。另，可將至少兩層奈米碳管絮化膜層疊設置或併排設置形成一奈米碳管結構164。 It can be understood that the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane has a certain thickness, and the thickness can be controlled by controlling the area and pressure of the carbon nanotube floc structure. Therefore, the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane can be directly used as a carbon nanotube structure 164. Alternatively, at least two layers of carbon nanotube flocculation membranes may be stacked or arranged side by side to form a carbon nanotube structure 164.

(三)當該奈米碳管結構164包括至少一奈米碳管碾壓膜，該奈米碳管結構164的製備方法包括以下步驟：首先，提供一奈米碳管陣列形成於一生長基底，該陣列為定向排列的奈米碳管陣列。 (3) When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube rolled film, the method for preparing the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes the following steps: First, providing a carbon nanotube array formed on a growth substrate The array is an array of aligned carbon nanotubes.

所述奈米碳管陣列優選為一超順排的奈米碳管陣列。所述奈米碳管陣列與上述奈米碳管陣列的製備方法相同。 The carbon nanotube array is preferably a super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube array is prepared in the same manner as the above-described carbon nanotube array.

其次，採用一施壓裝置，擠壓上述奈米碳管陣列獲得一奈米碳管碾壓膜，其具體過程為：該施壓裝置施加一定的壓力於上述奈米碳管陣列上。在施壓的過程中，奈米碳管陣列在壓力的作用下會與生長基底分離，從而形成由多個奈米碳管組成的具有自支撐結構的奈米碳管碾壓膜，且所述的多個奈米碳管基本上與奈米碳管碾壓膜的表面平行。 Next, a carbon nanotube array is extruded by using a pressing device to obtain a carbon nanotube rolled film, wherein the pressing device applies a certain pressure to the carbon nanotube array. During the pressing process, the carbon nanotube array is separated from the growth substrate by pressure to form a carbon nanotube laminated film having a self-supporting structure composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and The plurality of carbon nanotubes are substantially parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube rolled film.

本發明實施例中，施壓裝置為一壓頭，壓頭表面光滑，壓頭的形狀及擠壓方向決定製備的奈米碳管碾壓膜中奈米碳管的排列方式。具體地，當採用平面壓頭沿垂直於上述奈米碳管陣列生長基底的方向擠壓時，可獲得奈米碳管為無序排列的各向同性的奈米碳管碾壓膜；當採用滾軸狀壓頭沿平行於基底的某一固定方向碾壓時，可獲得奈米碳管沿該固定方向取向排列的奈米碳管碾壓膜；當採用滾軸狀壓頭沿不同方向碾壓時，可獲得奈米碳管沿不同方向取向排列的奈米碳管碾壓膜。 In the embodiment of the invention, the pressing device is an indenter, the surface of the indenter is smooth, and the shape and extrusion direction of the indenter determine the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film. Specifically, when the planar indenter is pressed in a direction perpendicular to the growth substrate of the carbon nanotube array, the carbon nanotubes are obtained as an unordered isotropic carbon nanotube rolled film; When the roller-shaped indenter is rolled in a certain parallel direction parallel to the substrate, a carbon nanotube film which is aligned along the fixed direction of the carbon nanotubes can be obtained; when the roller-shaped indenter is used to grind in different directions When pressed, a carbon nanotube rolled film in which carbon nanotubes are aligned in different directions can be obtained.

可以理解，當採用上述不同方式擠壓上述的奈米碳管陣列時，奈米碳管會在壓力的作用下傾倒，並與相鄰的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引、連接形成由多個奈米碳管組成的具有自支撐結構的奈米碳管碾壓膜。所述的多個奈米碳管與該生長基底的表面成一夾角β，其中，β大於等於零度且小於等於15度(0°≦β≦15°)。依據碾壓的方式不同，如圖9所示，該奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管可沿一固定方向擇優取向 排列；或如圖8所示，沿不同方向擇優取向排列。另，在壓力的作用下，奈米碳管陣列會與生長的基底分離，從而使得該奈米碳管碾壓膜容易與基底脫離，從而形成一自支撐的奈米碳管碾壓膜。 It can be understood that when the above-mentioned carbon nanotube array is extruded by the above different methods, the carbon nanotubes are poured under the action of pressure, and are attracted and connected with adjacent carbon nanotubes through the van der Waals force. A carbon nanotube laminated film having a self-supporting structure composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The plurality of carbon nanotubes form an angle β with the surface of the growth substrate, wherein β is greater than or equal to zero degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees (0°≦β≦15°). According to different methods of rolling, as shown in FIG. 9, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film can be oriented in a fixed direction. Arrange; or as shown in Figure 8, the preferred orientations are arranged in different directions. In addition, under the action of pressure, the carbon nanotube array is separated from the grown substrate, so that the carbon nanotube rolled film is easily separated from the substrate to form a self-supporting carbon nanotube rolled film.

本技術領域技術人員應明白，上述奈米碳管陣列的傾倒程度(傾角)與壓力的大小有關，壓力越大，傾角越大。所述傾角為奈米碳管陣列中的奈米碳管與生長該奈米碳管陣列的基底所呈的夾角。製備的奈米碳管碾壓膜的厚度取決於奈米碳管陣列的高度及壓力大小。奈米碳管陣列的高度越大而施加的壓力越小，則製備的奈米碳管碾壓膜的厚度越大；反之，奈米碳管陣列的高度越小而施加的壓力越大，則製備的奈米碳管碾壓膜的厚度越小。該奈米碳管碾壓膜的寬度與奈米碳管陣列所生長的基底的尺寸有關，該奈米碳管碾壓膜的長度不限，可根據實際需求制得。本發明實施例中獲得的奈米碳管碾壓膜，該奈米碳管碾壓膜的厚度為1微米~2毫米。 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the degree of tilt (inclination) of the above-described carbon nanotube array is related to the magnitude of the pressure, and the greater the pressure, the greater the angle of inclination. The angle of inclination is the angle between the carbon nanotubes in the array of carbon nanotubes and the substrate on which the array of carbon nanotubes is grown. The thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film depends on the height and pressure of the carbon nanotube array. The higher the height of the carbon nanotube array and the lower the applied pressure, the greater the thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film; conversely, the smaller the height of the carbon nanotube array and the greater the applied pressure, The thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film is smaller. The width of the carbon nanotube rolled film is related to the size of the substrate on which the carbon nanotube array is grown. The length of the carbon nanotube rolled film is not limited and can be obtained according to actual needs. The carbon nanotube rolled film obtained in the embodiment of the invention has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 2 mm.

最後，將該奈米碳管碾壓膜從所述生長基底揭起，從而得到一自支撐的奈米碳管碾壓膜。 Finally, the carbon nanotube rolled film is lifted from the growth substrate to obtain a self-supporting carbon nanotube rolled film.

上述奈米碳管碾壓膜中包括多個沿同一方向或擇優取向排列的奈米碳管，所述奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引，因此該奈米碳管碾壓膜具有很好的韌性。該奈米碳管碾壓膜中，奈米碳管均勻分佈，規則排列。 The carbon nanotube rolled film includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged in the same direction or in a preferred orientation, and the carbon nanotubes are mutually attracted by the van der Waals force, so the carbon nanotube rolled film Has good toughness. In the carbon nanotube rolled film, the carbon nanotubes are evenly distributed and regularly arranged.

可以理解，該奈米碳管碾壓膜具有一定的厚度，且通過奈米 碳管陣列的高度及壓力大小可控制其厚度。所以該奈米碳管碾壓膜可直接作為一奈米碳管結構164使用。另，可將至少兩層奈米碳管碾壓膜層疊設置或併排設置形成一奈米碳管結構164。 It can be understood that the carbon nanotube rolled film has a certain thickness and passes through the nanometer. The height and pressure of the carbon tube array can control its thickness. Therefore, the carbon nanotube rolled film can be directly used as a carbon nanotube structure 164. Alternatively, at least two layers of carbon nanotube rolled films may be stacked or arranged side by side to form a carbon nanotube structure 164.

(四)當該奈米碳管結構164包括至少一奈米碳管線狀結構時，該奈米碳管結構164的製備方法包括以下步驟：首先，提供至少一奈米碳管拉膜。 (4) When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one nanocarbon line-like structure, the method for preparing the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes the following steps: First, at least one carbon nanotube film is provided.

該奈米碳管拉膜的形成方法與(一)中奈米碳管拉膜的形成方法相同。 The method for forming the carbon nanotube film is the same as the method for forming the medium carbon nanotube film.

其次，處理該奈米碳管拉膜，形成至少一奈米碳管線。 Next, the carbon nanotube film is processed to form at least one nano carbon line.

該處理奈米碳管拉膜的步驟可為採用有機溶劑處理該奈米碳管拉膜，從而得到一非扭轉的奈米碳管線，或為採用機械外力扭轉該奈米碳管拉膜，從而得到一扭轉的奈米碳管線。 The step of processing the carbon nanotube film may be to treat the carbon nanotube film by using an organic solvent to obtain a non-twisted nano carbon line, or to twist the carbon nanotube film by mechanical external force, thereby A twisted nanocarbon line is obtained.

採用有機溶劑處理該奈米碳管拉膜的步驟具體為：將有機溶劑浸潤所述奈米碳管拉膜的整個表面，在揮發性有機溶劑揮發時產生的表面張力的作用下，奈米碳管拉膜中的相互平行的多個奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合，從而使奈米碳管拉膜收縮為一非扭轉的奈米碳管線。該有機溶劑為揮發性有機溶劑，如乙醇、甲醇、丙酮、二氯乙烷或氯仿，本實施例中採用乙醇。通過有機溶劑處理的非扭轉奈米碳管線與未經有機溶劑處理的奈米碳管拉膜相比，比表面積減小，黏性降低。可以理解，該採用有機溶劑處理奈米碳管拉膜形成非扭 轉的奈米碳管線的方法與(一)中採用有機溶劑降低奈米碳管拉膜的黏性的方法相似，其區別在於，當需要形成非扭轉的奈米碳管線時，奈米碳管拉膜的兩端不固定，即不將奈米碳管拉膜設置在基底表面或框架結構上。 The step of treating the carbon nanotube film by using an organic solvent is specifically: infiltrating the entire surface of the carbon nanotube film by an organic solvent, and the surface tension generated by volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, the nano carbon The plurality of carbon nanotubes parallel to each other in the tube is tightly bonded by the van der Waals force, thereby shrinking the carbon nanotube film into a non-twisted nano carbon line. The organic solvent is a volatile organic solvent such as ethanol, methanol, acetone, dichloroethane or chloroform, and ethanol is used in this embodiment. The non-twisted nanocarbon line treated by the organic solvent has a smaller specific surface area and a lower viscosity than a carbon nanotube film that has not been treated with an organic solvent. It can be understood that the organic solvent treatment of the carbon nanotube film is formed into a non-twisted The method of transferring the nano carbon line is similar to the method of using (1) the organic solvent to reduce the viscosity of the carbon nanotube film, and the difference is that when a non-twisted nano carbon line needs to be formed, the carbon tube is used. The two ends of the film are not fixed, that is, the carbon nanotube film is not disposed on the surface of the substrate or the frame structure.

採用機械外力扭轉該奈米碳管拉膜的步驟為採用一機械力將所述奈米碳管膜兩端沿相反方向扭轉。本發明實施例中，具體可提供一個尾部可黏住奈米碳管拉膜的紡紗軸。將該紡紗軸的尾部與奈米碳管拉膜結合後，將該紡紗軸以旋轉的方式旋轉該奈米碳管拉膜，形成一扭轉的奈米碳管線。可以理解，上述紡紗軸的旋轉方式不限，可正轉，也可反轉，或者正轉和反轉相結合。 The step of twisting the carbon nanotube film by mechanical external force is to twist the both ends of the carbon nanotube film in opposite directions by a mechanical force. In the embodiment of the present invention, a spinning shaft which can adhere to the carbon nanotube film can be specifically provided. After the tail of the spinning shaft is combined with the carbon nanotube film, the spinning shaft is rotated to rotate the carbon nanotube film to form a twisted nanocarbon line. It can be understood that the rotation mode of the above-mentioned spinning shaft is not limited, and it can be rotated forward or reversed, or combined with forward rotation and reverse rotation.

進一步地，可採用一揮發性有機溶劑處理該扭轉的奈米碳管線。在揮發性有機溶劑揮發時產生的表面張力的作用下，處理後的扭轉的奈米碳管線中相鄰的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合，使扭轉的奈米碳管線的比表面積減小，黏性降低，與未經有機溶劑處理的扭轉的奈米碳管線相比密度及強度均增大。 Further, the twisted nanocarbon line can be treated with a volatile organic solvent. Under the action of the surface tension generated by the volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the treated twisted nanocarbon pipeline are tightly bonded by the van der Waals force, so that the specific surface area of the twisted nanocarbon pipeline The decrease and the viscosity decrease, and the density and strength increase compared with the twisted nanocarbon pipeline which is not treated with the organic solvent.

再次，利用上述奈米碳管線製備至少一奈米碳管線狀結構，並得到一奈米碳管結構164。 Again, at least one nanocarbon line-like structure is prepared using the above-described nanocarbon line, and a carbon nanotube structure 164 is obtained.

上述扭轉的奈米碳管線或非扭轉的奈米碳管線為一自支撐結構，可直接作為一奈米碳管結構164使用。另，可將多個奈米碳管線平行排列成一束狀結構的奈米碳管線狀結構，或者 將該平行排列的多個奈米碳管線經一扭轉步驟得到一絞線結構的奈米碳管線狀結構。進一步地，可將該多個奈米碳管線或奈米碳管線狀結構相互平行排列、交叉排列或編織，得到一二維的奈米碳管結構164。 The twisted nanocarbon pipeline or the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline is a self-supporting structure and can be directly used as a carbon nanotube structure 164. In addition, a plurality of nanocarbon pipelines may be arranged in parallel to form a bundle of nano carbon line-like structures, or The parallel arrangement of the plurality of nanocarbon lines is subjected to a twisting step to obtain a stranded carbon nanotube-like structure. Further, the plurality of nanocarbon pipelines or nanocarbon pipeline-like structures may be arranged in parallel, cross-arranged or woven to each other to obtain a two-dimensional carbon nanotube structure 164.

步驟二，間隔形成一第一電極12及一第二電極14於該奈米碳管結構164的兩端，該第一電極12及一第二電極14與該奈米碳管結構164形成電連接。 In the second step, a first electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 are formed at opposite ends of the carbon nanotube structure 164, and the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure 164. .

所述的第一電極12及一第二電極14的設置方式與奈米碳管結構164有關。當奈米碳管結構164中奈米碳管至少部分有序排列時，如該奈米碳管結構164包括一奈米碳管拉膜、沿一個固定方向碾壓得到的奈米碳管碾壓膜或者一奈米碳管線時，即該奈米碳管結構164中大多數奈米碳管沿同一方向擇優取向排列時，優選地，應保證奈米碳管結構164中的部分奈米碳管沿第一電極12至一第二電極14方向延伸，使第一電極12及第二電極14設置於該奈米碳管的延伸方向上。此種設置方式可保證奈米碳管結構164具有最好的導電性，從而使加熱元件16具有最好的發熱效果。 The arrangement of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 is related to the carbon nanotube structure 164. When the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are at least partially ordered, for example, the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a carbon nanotube film, and the carbon nanotubes are rolled in a fixed direction. When a membrane or a nanocarbon pipeline, that is, most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are aligned in the same direction, preferably, a portion of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 should be ensured. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are disposed in the extending direction of the carbon nanotube. This arrangement ensures that the carbon nanotube structure 164 has the best electrical conductivity so that the heating element 16 has the best heat generation.

所述的第一電極12及一第二電極14可設置在奈米碳管結構164的同一表面上或不同表面上，或者該第一電極12及一第二電極14環繞設置於奈米碳管結構164的表面。其中，第一電極12及一第二電極14之間相隔設置，以使奈米碳管結構164應用於線熱源10時接入一定的阻值避免短路現象產生。奈米碳管結構164本身有很好的黏附性與導電性，故第一電 極12及一第二電極14可與奈米碳管結構164之間形成很好的電接觸。 The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be disposed on the same surface or different surfaces of the carbon nanotube structure 164, or the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be disposed around the carbon nanotube. The surface of structure 164. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are spaced apart from each other so that the carbon nanotube structure 164 is applied to the line heat source 10 to access a certain resistance value to avoid short circuit. The carbon nanotube structure 164 itself has good adhesion and conductivity, so the first electricity The pole 12 and a second electrode 14 can form a good electrical contact with the carbon nanotube structure 164.

所述第一電極12及一第二電極14為導電膜、金屬片或者金屬引線。該導電膜可通過電鍍、化學鍍、濺鍍、真空蒸鍍、物理氣相沈積法、化學氣相沈積法、直接塗覆或絲網印刷導電漿料或其他方法形成於奈米碳管結構164表面。該金屬片可為銅片或鋁片等。該金屬片或者金屬引線可通過導電黏結劑固定於奈米碳管結構164表面，或者通過螺釘、夾板等固定在奈米碳管結構。本發明實施例中採用真空蒸鍍法在奈米碳管結構164兩端形成兩條鈀膜，作為第一電極12及第二電極14。 The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are conductive films, metal sheets or metal leads. The conductive film may be formed on the carbon nanotube structure 164 by electroplating, electroless plating, sputtering, vacuum evaporation, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, direct coating or screen printing of conductive paste or other methods. surface. The metal piece may be a copper piece or an aluminum piece or the like. The metal piece or the metal lead may be fixed to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164 by a conductive adhesive, or may be fixed to the carbon nanotube structure by screws, splints or the like. In the embodiment of the present invention, two palladium films are formed on both ends of the carbon nanotube structure 164 by vacuum evaporation as the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14.

所述第一電極12及一第二電極14還可為一金屬性奈米碳管層。該奈米碳管層設置於奈米碳管結構164的表面。該奈米碳管層可通過其自身的黏性或導電黏結劑固定於奈米碳管結構164的表面。該奈米碳管層包括定向排列且均勻分佈的金屬性奈米碳管。具體地，該奈米碳管層包括至少一奈米碳管膜或至少一奈米碳管線。優選地，所述金屬性奈米碳管層中至少部分奈米碳管表面包覆一金屬層，從而提高該金屬性奈米碳管層的導電性。該在奈米碳管層中奈米碳管表面包覆金屬層的方法可為真空蒸鍍、電漿濺射或物理氣相沈積方法等。 The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may also be a metallic carbon nanotube layer. The carbon nanotube layer is disposed on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164. The carbon nanotube layer can be fixed to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164 by its own viscous or conductive adhesive. The carbon nanotube layer comprises aligned and uniformly distributed metallic carbon nanotubes. Specifically, the carbon nanotube layer includes at least one carbon nanotube film or at least one nano carbon line. Preferably, at least a portion of the carbon nanotubes in the layer of the metallic carbon nanotubes are coated with a metal layer to improve the conductivity of the metallic carbon nanotube layer. The method for coating the surface of the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube layer may be vacuum evaporation, plasma sputtering or physical vapor deposition.

可以理解，在形成第一電極12及一第二電極14後，可進一步形成兩條導電引線，分別與第一電極12及第二電極14的端部電連接，從第一電極12及一第二電極14引出至外部電源。 It can be understood that after forming the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14, two conductive leads can be further formed, which are electrically connected to the ends of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14, respectively, from the first electrode 12 and the first electrode The two electrodes 14 are led out to an external power source.

步驟三，提供一基體前驅體，將基體前驅體與奈米碳管結構164複合，形成一加熱元件16。 In a third step, a matrix precursor is provided, and the matrix precursor is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164 to form a heating element 16.

所述基體前驅體的材料為該基體的材料、該基體材料所形成的溶液或製備該基體材料的前驅反應物。該基體前驅體在一定溫度下應為液態或氣態。 The material of the matrix precursor is the material of the matrix, a solution formed by the matrix material or a precursor reactant for preparing the matrix material. The matrix precursor should be in a liquid or gaseous state at a certain temperature.

所述基體162的材料包括高分子材料或無機非金屬材料等。具體地，該有機高分子材料可包括熱塑性聚合物或熱固性聚合物中的一種或多種，故該基體前驅體的材料可為生成該熱塑性聚合物或熱固性聚合物的聚合物單體溶液，或該熱塑性聚合物或熱固性聚合物在揮發性有機溶劑中溶解後形成的混合液。該奈米碳管結構164直接浸泡於該液態的基體前驅體後，將該基體前驅體固化，形成基體162與該奈米碳管結構164複合。 The material of the substrate 162 includes a polymer material or an inorganic non-metal material or the like. Specifically, the organic polymer material may include one or more of a thermoplastic polymer or a thermosetting polymer, so the material of the matrix precursor may be a polymer monomer solution for forming the thermoplastic polymer or the thermosetting polymer, or A mixture of a thermoplastic polymer or a thermosetting polymer dissolved in a volatile organic solvent. After the carbon nanotube structure 164 is directly immersed in the liquid matrix precursor, the matrix precursor is solidified to form a matrix 162 which is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164.

該無機非金屬材料可包括玻璃、陶瓷及半導體材料中的一種或多種，故該基體前驅體可為無機非金屬材料顆粒製成的漿料、製備該無機非金屬材料的反應氣體或呈氣態的該無機非金屬材料。具體地，可採用真空蒸鍍、濺鍍、化學氣相沈積(CVD)及物理氣相沈積(PVD)的方法形成氣態的基體前驅體，並使該基體前驅體沈積在奈米碳管結構164的奈米碳管表面。另，可將大量無機非金屬材料顆粒在溶劑中分散，形成一漿料作為該基體前驅體，並將該奈米碳管結構164浸泡於該漿料中，並使溶劑蒸發，使該基體162與該奈米碳管結構164複合。 The inorganic non-metal material may include one or more of glass, ceramic and semiconductor materials, so the matrix precursor may be a slurry made of inorganic non-metallic material particles, a reaction gas for preparing the inorganic non-metal material, or a gaseous state. The inorganic non-metallic material. Specifically, a gaseous matrix precursor can be formed by vacuum evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and physical vapor deposition (PVD), and the precursor precursor is deposited on the carbon nanotube structure 164. The surface of the carbon nanotubes. Alternatively, a plurality of inorganic non-metallic material particles may be dispersed in a solvent to form a slurry as the matrix precursor, and the carbon nanotube structure 164 is immersed in the slurry, and the solvent is evaporated to cause the substrate 162. Combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164.

總之，當該基體前驅體為液態時，該步驟三具體包括將該液態基體前驅體浸潤該奈米碳管結構164及固化該基體前驅體的步驟，從而使該基體162滲透至該奈米碳管結構164的孔隙中，形成一加熱元件16；當該基體前驅體為氣態時，該步驟三具體包括沈積該基體前驅體於奈米碳管結構164的奈米碳管表面的步驟，從而使該基體162充滿該奈米碳管結構164的孔隙中，形成一加熱元件16。 In summary, when the precursor of the substrate is in a liquid state, the step 3 specifically includes the step of infiltrating the carbon nanotube precursor 164 and curing the precursor of the substrate, thereby allowing the substrate 162 to penetrate into the nanocarbon. In the pores of the tube structure 164, a heating element 16 is formed; when the substrate precursor is in a gaseous state, the step 3 specifically includes the step of depositing the matrix precursor on the surface of the carbon nanotube of the carbon nanotube structure 164, thereby The substrate 162 fills the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164 to form a heating element 16.

本實施例採用注膠法將環氧樹脂基體材料與奈米碳管結構164複合，形成一加熱元件16，具體包括以下步驟： 步驟(一)：提供一液態熱固性高分子材料。 In this embodiment, the epoxy resin base material is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164 by a glue injection method to form a heating element 16, which specifically includes the following steps: Step (1): providing a liquid thermosetting polymer material.

所述液態熱固性高分子材料的黏度低於5帕．秒，並能在室溫下保持該黏度在30分鐘以上。本發明實施例優選以環氧樹脂製備液態熱固性高分子材料，其具體包括以下步驟：首先，將縮水甘油醚型環氧和縮水甘油酯型環氧的混合物置於一容器中，加熱至30℃~60℃，並對容器中所述縮水甘油醚型環氧和縮水甘油酯型環氧的混合物攪拌10分鐘，直至所述縮水甘油醚型環氧和縮水甘油酯型環氧的混合物混合均勻為止。 The liquid thermosetting polymer material has a viscosity of less than 5 Pa. Seconds, and can maintain the viscosity for more than 30 minutes at room temperature. The embodiment of the present invention preferably prepares a liquid thermosetting polymer material by using an epoxy resin, which specifically comprises the following steps: First, a mixture of a glycidyl ether type epoxy resin and a glycidyl ester type epoxy resin is placed in a container and heated to 30 ° C. ~60 ° C, and stir the mixture of the glycidyl ether type epoxy and glycidyl ester type epoxy in the container for 10 minutes until the mixture of the glycidyl ether type epoxy and the glycidyl ester type epoxy is evenly mixed. .

其次，將脂肪胺和二縮水甘油醚加入到所述攪拌均勻的縮水甘油醚型環氧和縮水甘油酯型環氧的混合物中進行化學反應。 Next, a fatty amine and diglycidyl ether are added to the mixture of the uniformly stirred glycidyl ether type epoxy and glycidyl type epoxy to carry out a chemical reaction.

最後，將所述縮水甘油醚型環氧和縮水甘油酯型環氧的混合 物加熱至30℃~60℃，從而得到一含環氧樹脂的液態熱固性高分子材料。 Finally, a mixture of the glycidyl ether type epoxy and the glycidyl ester type epoxy The object is heated to 30 ° C ~ 60 ° C to obtain a liquid thermosetting polymer material containing epoxy resin.

步驟(二)：採用所述液態熱固性高分子材料浸潤所述奈米碳管結構162。 Step (2): impregnating the carbon nanotube structure 162 with the liquid thermosetting polymer material.

本實施例中採用所述液態熱固性高分子材料浸潤所述奈米碳管結構162的方法包括以下步驟：首先，將奈米碳管結構162放置於一模具中。 The method for infiltrating the carbon nanotube structure 162 by using the liquid thermosetting polymer material in the embodiment includes the following steps: First, the carbon nanotube structure 162 is placed in a mold.

其次，將所述液態熱固性高分子材料注射進所述模具中，浸潤所述奈米碳管結構162。為了讓液態熱固性高分子材料充分浸潤所述奈米碳管結構162，浸潤所述奈米碳管結構162的時間不能少於10分鐘。 Next, the liquid thermosetting polymer material is injected into the mold to infiltrate the carbon nanotube structure 162. In order for the liquid thermosetting polymer material to sufficiently wet the carbon nanotube structure 162, the carbon nanotube structure 162 may be infiltrated for not less than 10 minutes.

可以理解，將所述液態熱固性高分子材料浸潤所述奈米碳管結構162的方法不限注射的方法，所述液態熱固性高分子材料還可通過毛細作用被吸入到所述奈米碳管結構162中，浸潤所述奈米碳管結構162，或者將所述奈米碳管結構162浸泡在所述液態熱固性高分子材料中。 It can be understood that the method of infiltrating the liquid thermosetting polymer material into the carbon nanotube structure 162 is not limited to an injection method, and the liquid thermosetting polymer material can also be sucked into the carbon nanotube structure by capillary action. In 162, the carbon nanotube structure 162 is infiltrated, or the carbon nanotube structure 162 is immersed in the liquid thermosetting polymer material.

步驟(三)：固化上述被液態熱固性高分子材料浸潤的奈米碳管結構162，得到一奈米碳管複合結構。 Step (3): curing the carbon nanotube structure 162 infiltrated by the liquid thermosetting polymer material to obtain a carbon nanotube composite structure.

本實施例含環氧樹脂的熱固性高分子材料的固化方法具體包括以下步驟：首先，通過一加熱裝置將該模具加熱至50℃~70℃，在該溫 度下含環氧樹脂的熱固性高分子材料為液態，維持該溫度1小時~3小時，使得該熱固性高分子材料繼續吸熱以增加其固化度。 The method for curing the epoxy resin-containing thermosetting polymer material specifically includes the following steps: First, the mold is heated to 50 ° C to 70 ° C by a heating device at the temperature. The thermosetting polymer material containing epoxy resin is in a liquid state, and the temperature is maintained for 1 hour to 3 hours, so that the thermosetting polymer material continues to absorb heat to increase the degree of curing.

其次，繼續加熱該模具至80℃~100℃，在該溫度下維持1小時~3小時，使得所述熱固性高分子材料繼續吸熱以增加其固化度。 Next, the mold is further heated to 80 ° C to 100 ° C, and maintained at this temperature for 1 hour to 3 hours, so that the thermosetting polymer material continues to absorb heat to increase its degree of solidification.

再次，繼續加熱該模具至110℃~150℃，在該溫度下維持2小時~20小時，使得所述熱固性高分子材料繼續吸熱以增加其固化度。 Again, the mold is further heated to 110 ° C to 150 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 2 hours to 20 hours, so that the thermosetting polymer material continues to absorb heat to increase its degree of solidification.

最後，停止加熱，待該模具降溫至室溫後，脫模可得一奈米碳管複合結構。 Finally, the heating is stopped, and after the mold is cooled to room temperature, the mold release can obtain a carbon nanotube composite structure.

上述製備奈米碳管複合結構的具體步驟可參見范守善等人於2007年12月26日申請的申請號為96150104的台灣專利申請。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此，但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請技術揭露的一部分。 The specific steps of the above-mentioned preparation of the carbon nanotube composite structure can be found in the Taiwan Patent Application No. 96150104 filed on Jan. 26, 2007 by the same. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

可以理解，上述含環氧樹脂的熱固性高分子材料的固化方法也可採用一次升溫的方法，直接將溫度升至150℃，使熱固性高分子材料吸熱固化。 It can be understood that the curing method of the epoxy resin-containing thermosetting polymer material can also be carried out by a single temperature rising method, and the temperature is raised to 150 ° C to heat-curing the thermosetting polymer material.

可以理解，上述步驟二中形成第一電極12及一第二電極14的步驟可在形成該加熱元件16之後進行。當該基體162僅填充於該奈米碳管結構164的孔隙中，從而使奈米碳管部分暴露於加熱元件16表面時，可採用與步驟二相同的方法將該第一 電極12及一第二電極14直接形成於該加熱元件16表面。當該基體162全部包覆該奈米碳管結構164時，進一步包括一暴露所述奈米碳管結構164於加熱元件16表面的步驟，該第一電極12及第二電極14分別與暴露出的奈米碳管結構164電連接。具體地，可採用一切割的步驟切割該加熱元件16，以形成一切割面，從而使該奈米碳管結構164暴露於加熱元件16的切割面，進而採用與步驟二相同的方法將該第一電極12及一第二電極14形成於該加熱元件16的切割面，從而與該暴露出來的奈米碳管結構164電連接。 It can be understood that the step of forming the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 in the above step 2 can be performed after the heating element 16 is formed. When the substrate 162 is only filled in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164, thereby exposing the carbon nanotube portion to the surface of the heating element 16, the first method can be used in the same manner as in the second step. The electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 are formed directly on the surface of the heating element 16. When the substrate 162 completely covers the carbon nanotube structure 164, further comprising a step of exposing the carbon nanotube structure 164 to the surface of the heating element 16, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are respectively exposed The carbon nanotube structure 164 is electrically connected. Specifically, the heating element 16 can be cut by a cutting step to form a cutting surface, thereby exposing the carbon nanotube structure 164 to the cutting surface of the heating element 16, and then using the same method as in the second step. An electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 are formed on the cut surface of the heating element 16 to be electrically connected to the exposed carbon nanotube structure 164.

可以理解，當該奈米碳管結構為線狀時，該第三實施例的加熱元件36的形成方法可包括以下步驟：首先，將該奈米碳管線狀結構與所述基體前驅體複合，形成一奈米碳管線狀複合結構366；其次，將一個或多個該奈米碳管線狀複合結構366排列，形成一二維的加熱元件36。 It can be understood that when the carbon nanotube structure is linear, the method for forming the heating element 36 of the third embodiment may include the following steps: First, the nanocarbon line-like structure is compounded with the matrix precursor. A nanocarbon line-like composite structure 366 is formed; secondly, one or more of the nanocarbon line-like composite structures 366 are arranged to form a two-dimensional heating element 36.

該奈米碳管線狀複合結構366可相互編織、交叉、併排或盤繞形成一二維的加熱元件36。當該奈米碳管線狀複合結構366相互編織時，與織物類似地，該加熱元件36可保持一面狀。該相互編織形成的加熱元件36可製成一加熱墊、加熱衣及加熱手套等。當該奈米碳管線狀複合結構366相互交叉、併排或盤繞時，該多個奈米碳管線狀結構366之間可通過黏結劑黏結，從而使該加熱元件36保持面狀。 The nanocarbon line-like composite structure 366 can be woven, crossed, side-by-side or coiled to form a two-dimensional heating element 36. When the nanocarbon line-like composite structure 366 is woven with each other, the heating element 36 can be kept in one side like the fabric. The mutually woven heating element 36 can be formed into a heating pad, a heating coat, a heating glove, and the like. When the nanocarbon line-like composite structures 366 are crossed, side by side or coiled, the plurality of nanocarbon line-like structures 366 can be bonded by a binder, so that the heating element 36 remains in a planar shape.

所述將奈米碳管線狀結構與基體前驅體複合的方式與上述步驟三相同。 The manner of recombining the nanocarbon line-like structure with the matrix precursor is the same as that of the above step 3.

該第一電極及第二電極可通過上述步驟二的方式形成於該加熱元件36表面。進一步地，可通過一切割步驟暴露該奈米碳管線狀結構於所述加熱元件36表面，進而將該第一電極及第二電極形成於該暴露有奈米碳管結構的表面上，從而使該第一電極及第二電極與該奈米碳管複合結構中的奈米碳管形成電連接。 The first electrode and the second electrode may be formed on the surface of the heating element 36 by the method of the above step 2. Further, the nanocarbon line-like structure may be exposed on the surface of the heating element 36 by a cutting step, and the first electrode and the second electrode are formed on the surface of the exposed carbon nanotube structure, thereby The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube composite structure.

可以理解，該製備方法可進一步包括以下可選擇步驟，從而製備一具有第二實施例中的面熱源20： 步驟四，提供一支撐體28，形成一熱反射層27於支撐體28的表面。 It will be appreciated that the method of preparation may further comprise the following optional steps to prepare a surface heat source 20 having the second embodiment: In step four, a support body 28 is provided to form a heat reflective layer 27 on the surface of the support body 28.

在支撐體28的表面形成一熱反射層27可通過塗覆或鍍膜的方法實現。具體地，當該熱反射層27的材料為金屬鹽或金屬氧化物時，可將該金屬鹽或金屬氧化物的顆粒分散於溶劑中，形成一漿料，並將該漿料塗敷或絲網印刷於支撐體28表面，形成該熱反射層27。根據金屬鹽或金屬氧化物的不同，該溶劑不應與金屬鹽或金屬氧化物發生化學反應。另，該熱反射層27也可通過電鍍、化學鍍、濺鍍、真空蒸鍍、化學氣相沈積或物理氣相沈積等方法形成。本發明實施例採用物理氣相沈積法在陶瓷基板表面沈積一層三氧化二鋁層，作為熱反射層27。 Forming a heat reflecting layer 27 on the surface of the support 28 can be achieved by a coating or plating method. Specifically, when the material of the heat reflecting layer 27 is a metal salt or a metal oxide, the metal salt or the metal oxide particles may be dispersed in a solvent to form a slurry, and the slurry may be coated or silk. The web is printed on the surface of the support 28 to form the heat reflective layer 27. Depending on the metal salt or metal oxide, the solvent should not chemically react with the metal salt or metal oxide. Alternatively, the heat reflective layer 27 may be formed by plating, electroless plating, sputtering, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, or physical vapor deposition. In the embodiment of the present invention, a layer of aluminum oxide is deposited on the surface of the ceramic substrate by physical vapor deposition as the heat reflective layer 27.

步驟五，將加熱元件26設置於熱反射層27表面。 In step five, the heating element 26 is disposed on the surface of the heat reflective layer 27.

該加熱元件26可通過一黏結劑固定於熱反射層27表面。另，還可採用機械固定的方法，如採用螺釘、夾板等固定裝置，將加熱元件26四角或四邊固定於熱反射層27表面。 The heating element 26 can be secured to the surface of the heat reflective layer 27 by a bonding agent. Alternatively, a mechanical fixing method such as a fixing means such as a screw or a cleat may be used to fix the four or four sides of the heating element 26 to the surface of the heat reflecting layer 27.

步驟六，形成一保護層25於所述加熱元件26的外表面，形成一面熱源20。 In step six, a protective layer 25 is formed on the outer surface of the heating element 26 to form a heat source 20.

該保護層25可直接通過黏結劑或機械固定的方法固定於加熱元件26表面。另，當該保護層25的材料為一熱塑性聚合物時，可將該熱塑性聚合物在高溫下於融化狀態塗敷或包裹於加熱元件26表面，待低溫時固化形成該保護層25。另，當該保護層25為一柔性聚合物，如一聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)膜時，可通過一熱壓步驟，將該保護層25與該加熱元件26疊加並熱壓，使保護層25與加熱元件26牢固結合。 The protective layer 25 can be fixed to the surface of the heating element 26 directly by a bonding agent or a mechanical fixing method. In addition, when the material of the protective layer 25 is a thermoplastic polymer, the thermoplastic polymer may be coated or wrapped on the surface of the heating element 26 in a molten state at a high temperature, and cured to form the protective layer 25 at a low temperature. In addition, when the protective layer 25 is a flexible polymer, such as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, the protective layer 25 and the heating element 26 may be superposed and hot pressed by a hot pressing step. The protective layer 25 is firmly bonded to the heating element 26.

所述的面熱源及其製備方法具有以下優點：第一，由於該奈米碳管結構為一自支撐結構，且奈米碳管在奈米碳管結構中均勻分佈，將該自支撐的奈米碳管結構與基體直接複合，可使複合後形成的加熱元件中奈米碳管仍相互結合保持一奈米碳管結構的形態，從而使加熱元件中奈米碳管既能均勻分佈形成導電網絡，又不受奈米碳管在溶液中分散濃度的限制，使奈米碳管在加熱元件中的質量百分含量可達到99%，使該熱源具有更高的加熱性能。另，該基體材料的種類不限於聚合物，使該熱源的應用範圍更加廣泛。第二，由於奈米碳管 具有較好的強度及韌性，奈米碳管結構的強度較大，柔性較好，不易破裂，使其具有較長的使用壽命，特別的，當該奈米碳管結構與柔性基體複合形成加熱元件時，可製備一柔性熱源，使該熱源具有更廣的應用範圍。第三，奈米碳管結構中的奈米碳管均勻分佈，因此具有均勻的厚度及電阻，發熱均勻，奈米碳管的電熱轉換效率高，且該奈米碳管結構的單位面積熱容小於2×10-4焦耳每平方厘米開爾文，所以該面熱源具有升溫迅速、熱滯後小、熱響應速度快、熱交換速度快及輻射效率高的特點。第四，奈米碳管的直徑較小，使得奈米碳管結構可具有較小的厚度，可製備微型面熱源，應用於微型器件的加熱。第五，當奈米碳管結構包括奈米碳管拉膜時，該奈米碳管拉膜可通過從奈米碳管陣列中拉取得到，方法簡單且有利於大面積面熱源的製作，且該奈米碳管拉膜中，奈米碳管沿同一方向擇優取向排列，具有較好的導電性能，使該熱源具有較好的加熱性能，另，該奈米碳管拉膜具有一定透明度，可用於製備一透明熱源。第六，該奈米碳管線可用於編織形成各種形狀的加熱元件，從而製備各種形狀的面熱源。第七，該奈米碳管絮化膜及奈米碳管碾壓膜具有較好的韌性，製備方法簡單。第八，該形成自支撐的奈米碳管結構，並將該奈米碳管結構與基體直接複合形成加熱元件的方法簡單，且奈米碳管在加熱元件中的含量可方便的控制。與基體複合後，該奈米碳管結構仍能保持原有的形態，具有與純奈米碳管結構相當的發熱性能。第九，該奈米碳管結構可有選擇的設置於一具有特定形狀的基體中的某一位置，從 而實現局部選擇性加熱，適應不同領域的需求。 The surface heat source and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages: First, since the carbon nanotube structure is a self-supporting structure, and the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure, the self-supporting nai The carbon nanotube structure is directly combined with the matrix, so that the carbon nanotubes in the heating element formed after the composite are still combined with each other to maintain the shape of a carbon nanotube structure, so that the carbon nanotubes in the heating element can be uniformly distributed to form a conductive The network is not limited by the concentration of the carbon nanotubes dispersed in the solution, so that the mass percentage of the carbon nanotubes in the heating element can reach 99%, so that the heat source has higher heating performance. In addition, the type of the base material is not limited to a polymer, and the application range of the heat source is wider. Second, because the carbon nanotubes have better strength and toughness, the carbon nanotube structure has higher strength, better flexibility, and is less prone to cracking, so that it has a longer service life, in particular, when the nanocarbon When the tube structure is combined with the flexible substrate to form a heating element, a flexible heat source can be prepared, so that the heat source has a wider application range. Third, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure are uniformly distributed, so that the carbon nanotubes have uniform thickness and electric resistance, uniform heat generation, high electric heat conversion efficiency of the carbon nanotubes, and heat capacity per unit area of the carbon nanotube structure. Less than 2 × 10 -4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin, so the surface heat source has the characteristics of rapid temperature rise, small thermal hysteresis, fast thermal response, fast heat exchange rate and high radiation efficiency. Fourth, the diameter of the carbon nanotubes is small, so that the carbon nanotube structure can have a small thickness, and a micro-surface heat source can be prepared for heating of the micro device. Fifth, when the carbon nanotube structure comprises a carbon nanotube film, the nano carbon tube film can be obtained by pulling from the carbon nanotube array, and the method is simple and favorable for the production of a large-area surface heat source. In the carbon nanotube film, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in the same direction, and have good electrical conductivity, so that the heat source has good heating performance, and the carbon nanotube film has a certain transparency. It can be used to prepare a transparent heat source. Sixth, the nanocarbon line can be used to braid heating elements of various shapes to prepare surface heat sources of various shapes. Seventh, the carbon nanotube film and the carbon nanotube film have good toughness and the preparation method is simple. Eighth, the method of forming the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure and directly combining the carbon nanotube structure with the matrix to form the heating element is simple, and the content of the carbon nanotube in the heating element can be conveniently controlled. After being combined with the matrix, the carbon nanotube structure can still maintain its original shape and has a heating performance comparable to that of the pure carbon nanotube structure. Ninth, the carbon nanotube structure can be selectively disposed at a position in a substrate having a specific shape to achieve local selective heating to meet the needs of different fields.

綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡習知本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍內。 In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.

10‧‧‧面熱源 10‧‧‧ Face heat source

12‧‧‧第一電極 12‧‧‧First electrode

14‧‧‧第二電極 14‧‧‧second electrode

16‧‧‧加熱元件 16‧‧‧heating elements

162‧‧‧基體 162‧‧‧ base

164‧‧‧奈米碳管結構 164‧‧・Nano carbon nanotube structure

Claims (18)

一種面熱源的製備方法，其包括：提供一自支撐的奈米碳管結構，該自支撐的奈米碳管結構中的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互結合，該自支撐的奈米碳管結構定義多個孔隙；間隔形成一第一電極及一第二電極與該自支撐的奈米碳管結構形成電連接，及提供一基體前驅體，使該基體前驅體的材料滲透入該自支撐的奈米碳管結構的多個孔隙中，從而將基體前驅體與自支撐的奈米碳管結構複合，形成一奈米碳管複合結構。 A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising: providing a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure are combined with each other by van der Waals force, the self-supporting nano tube The carbon tube structure defines a plurality of pores; a first electrode and a second electrode are formed to electrically connect with the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, and a matrix precursor is provided to allow the material of the matrix precursor to penetrate into the The plurality of pores of the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure combine the matrix precursor with the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure to form a carbon nanotube composite structure. 如請求項第1項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述第一電極及第二電極通過在奈米碳管結構表面形成金屬膜形成。 The method for producing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are formed by forming a metal film on a surface of the carbon nanotube structure. 如請求項第2項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述在奈米碳管結構表面形成金屬膜的方法為電鍍、化學鍍、濺鍍、真空蒸鍍、物理氣相沈積、化學氣相沈積、直接塗覆導電漿料或絲網印刷導電漿料。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 2, wherein the method for forming a metal film on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure is electroplating, electroless plating, sputtering, vacuum evaporation, physical vapor deposition, and chemistry. Vapor deposition, direct coating of conductive paste or screen printing of conductive paste. 如請求項第1項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述第一電極及第二電極通過在奈米碳管結構表面固定金屬片或金屬引線形成。 The method for producing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are formed by fixing a metal piece or a metal lead on a surface of the carbon nanotube structure. 如請求項第4項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述金屬片或金屬引線通過黏結劑、螺釘或夾板固定在奈米碳管結構表面。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 4, wherein the metal piece or the metal lead is fixed to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure by a binder, a screw or a splint. 如請求項第1項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述第一電極及第二電極通過在奈米碳管結構黏結一金屬性奈米碳管層形成。 The method for producing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are formed by bonding a metallic carbon nanotube layer to the carbon nanotube structure. 如請求項第1項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述將基體前驅體與奈米碳管結構複合的步驟包括將液態的基體前驅體浸潤所述奈米碳管結構及固化該液態的基體前驅體。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the step of combining the matrix precursor with the carbon nanotube structure comprises infiltrating the liquid matrix precursor with the carbon nanotube structure and curing the same. Liquid matrix precursor. 如請求項第7項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，該液態的基體前驅體為一熱固性高分子材料，該熱固性高分子材料與該奈米碳管結構複合的方法具體包括以下步驟：提供一液態熱固性高分子材料；將所述奈米碳管結構放置於一模具中；將所述液態熱固性高分子材料注射進所述模具中，浸潤所述奈米碳管結構；通過一加熱裝置將該模具加熱；及停止加熱，待該模具降溫至室溫後脫模。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 7, wherein the liquid matrix precursor is a thermosetting polymer material, and the method for recombining the thermosetting polymer material with the carbon nanotube structure comprises the following steps: Providing a liquid thermosetting polymer material; placing the carbon nanotube structure in a mold; injecting the liquid thermosetting polymer material into the mold to infiltrate the carbon nanotube structure; passing a heating device The mold is heated; and the heating is stopped, and the mold is released after the mold is cooled to room temperature. 如請求項第1項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述基體前驅體為氣態，將基體前驅體與奈米碳管結構複合的方法包括真空蒸鍍、濺鍍、化學氣相沈積或物理氣相沈積。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the matrix precursor is in a gaseous state, and the method of combining the matrix precursor and the carbon nanotube structure comprises vacuum evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition. Or physical vapor deposition. 一種面熱源的製備方法，其包括：提供一自支撐的奈米碳管結構，該自支撐的奈米碳管結構中的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互結合，該自支撐的奈米碳管結構定義多個孔隙；提供一基體前驅體，使該基體前驅體的材料滲透入該自支撐的奈米碳管結構的多個孔隙中，從而將基體前驅體與自支撐 的奈米碳管結構複合，形成一加熱元件；及間隔形成一第一電極及一第二電極與加熱元件形成電連接。 A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising: providing a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure are combined with each other by van der Waals force, the self-supporting nano tube The carbon tube structure defines a plurality of pores; providing a matrix precursor such that the material of the matrix precursor penetrates into the plurality of pores of the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, thereby the matrix precursor and the self-supporting The carbon nanotube structure is composited to form a heating element; and a first electrode and a second electrode are formed at intervals to form an electrical connection with the heating element. 如請求項第10項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，該面熱源的製備方法進一步包括一暴露所述奈米碳管結構於加熱元件表面的步驟，所述第一電極及第二電極分別與暴露出的奈米碳管結構電連接。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 10, wherein the method for preparing the surface heat source further comprises the step of exposing the carbon nanotube structure to a surface of the heating element, the first electrode and the second electrode They are electrically connected to the exposed carbon nanotube structure, respectively. 如請求項第11項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述暴露奈米碳管結構的步驟為切割該加熱元件以形成一切割面，使碳奈米結構暴露於該切割面。 The method of preparing a surface heat source according to claim 11, wherein the step of exposing the carbon nanotube structure is to cut the heating element to form a cut surface to expose the carbon nanostructure to the cut surface. 一種面熱源的製備方法，其包括以下步驟：提供一自支撐的奈米碳管結構，該自支撐的奈米碳管結構中的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互結合，該自支撐的奈米碳管結構定義多個孔隙；間隔形成一第一電極及一第二電極與該自支撐的奈米碳管結構形成電連接；提供一基體前驅體，使該基體前驅體的材料滲透入該自支撐的奈米碳管結構的多個孔隙中，從而將基體前驅體與自支撐的奈米碳管結構複合，形成一加熱元件；提供一支撐體包括一反射層形成於支撐體表面；及將所述加熱元件設置於反射層表面。 A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising the steps of: providing a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure are combined with each other by a van der Waals force, the self-supporting The carbon nanotube structure defines a plurality of pores; forming a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrical connection with the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure; providing a matrix precursor to penetrate the material of the matrix precursor The plurality of pores of the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, thereby compounding the matrix precursor and the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure to form a heating element; providing a support body comprising a reflective layer formed on the surface of the support; And placing the heating element on the surface of the reflective layer. 如請求項第13項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，所述加熱元件通過黏結劑或機械方法固定於該反射層表面。 The method of producing a surface heat source according to claim 13, wherein the heating element is fixed to the surface of the reflective layer by a bonding agent or a mechanical method. 如請求項第13項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，該面熱源的製備方法進一步包括形成一保護層於所述加熱元件的表面 。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 13, wherein the method for preparing the surface heat source further comprises forming a protective layer on a surface of the heating element . 一種面熱源的製備方法，其包括以下步驟：提供一自支撐的奈米碳管線狀結構，該自支撐的奈米碳管線狀結構中的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互結合，該自支撐的奈米碳管線狀結構定義多個孔隙；提供一基體前驅體，使該基體前驅體的材料滲透入該自支撐的奈米碳管線狀結構的多個孔隙中，從而將該自支撐的奈米碳管線狀結構與所述基體前驅體複合，形成一線狀的奈米碳管複合結構；將一個或多個該線狀的奈米碳管複合結構排列形成一二維結構的加熱元件；及間隔形成一第一電極及一第二電極與該線狀的奈米碳管複合結構中的奈米碳管形成電連接。 A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising the steps of: providing a self-supporting nanocarbon line-like structure, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the self-supporting nanocarbon line-like structure are combined with each other by van der Waals force, the self The supported nanocarbon line-like structure defines a plurality of pores; providing a matrix precursor such that the material of the matrix precursor penetrates into the plurality of pores of the self-supporting nanocarbon line-like structure, thereby self-supporting a nano carbon line-like structure is combined with the matrix precursor to form a linear carbon nanotube composite structure; and one or more of the linear carbon nanotube composite structures are arranged to form a two-dimensional heating element; And forming a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrical connection with the carbon nanotubes in the linear carbon nanotube composite structure. 如請求項第16項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，將該線狀的奈米碳管複合結構排列形成一二維結構的加熱元件為將該線狀奈米碳管複合結構相互編織、交叉、併排或盤繞。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 16, wherein the linear carbon nanotube composite structure is arranged to form a two-dimensional heating element for knitting the linear carbon nanotube composite structure , cross, side by side or coiled. 如請求項第16項所述的面熱源的製備方法，其中，該多個線狀的奈米碳管結構之間通過黏結劑黏結。 The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of linear carbon nanotube structures are bonded by a binder.
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