SK284005B6 - Fire extinguishing system - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK284005B6 SK284005B6 SK1393-95A SK139395A SK284005B6 SK 284005 B6 SK284005 B6 SK 284005B6 SK 139395 A SK139395 A SK 139395A SK 284005 B6 SK284005 B6 SK 284005B6
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- extinguishing system
- fire extinguishing
- tank
- diaphragm
- membrane
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-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/023—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance the extinguishing material being expelled by compressed gas, taken from storage tanks, or by generating a pressure gas
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Oblasť technikyTechnical field
Vynález sa týka hasiaceho systému, najmä na pojazdné zariadenia.The invention relates to a fire extinguishing system, in particular for mobile equipment.
Doterajší stav technikyBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Doteraz boli pretekárske automobily úspešne vybavované halónovým hasiacim zariadením. Tieto zariadenia chránia motorový priestor, čiastočne oblasť nádrže, ale aj kabínu. Používanie halónu ako hasiaceho prostriedku je teraz zakázané. Medzitým existuje už iba obmedzené povolenie na výnimočné používanie aj pre automobilový šport.Until now, racing cars have been successfully equipped with halon fire extinguishers. These devices protect the engine compartment, partly the tank area, but also the cab. The use of halon as an extinguishing agent is now prohibited. In the meantime, there is only limited authorization for exceptional use for motor sports.
Z požiarnych skúšok v skúšobnom hasiacom centre vyplynulo, že požiare v motorovom priestore sa dajú hasiť pomocou CO2 a vodnej hmly. V priestore kabíny sa hasenie pomocou CO2 nemôže používať kvôli dusiacemu účinku. Pri výbere hasiaceho prístroja si treba všimnúť spôsob činnosti, pretože normálne hasiace prístroje správne fungujú iba v určitej polohe. Pri vertikálnej polohe sú povolené iba nepatrné odchýlky od „osi Y“. Hasiaci prostriedok sa vytláča ponorenou rúrkou alebo je v dolnej časti prístroja umiestnený ventil. Tlakový (hnací) plyn vytláča hasiaci prostriedok von. Pri šikmej polohe tlakový plyn preráža von. Tlak hnacieho plynu klesá, hasiaci prostriedok zostáva v zásobnej nádrži. Pri horizontálnej polohe („os X'“) závislosť od polohy zlepšujú flexibilné ponorné rúrky, ale práve pri podlhovastých nádržiach vzniká výrazné redukovanie účinného hasiaceho prostriedku. Okrem toho nastáva sústavný kolísavý pohyb flexibilnej ponornej rúrky. Pri pretekárskych vozoch je potrebné, aby boli v prípade nehody možné všetky polohy nádrže hasiaceho prostriedku. Hasiace zariadenie by mali byť účinné dokonca aj vtedy, keď je vozidlo napr. prevrátené na streche, a to prinajmenej dovtedy, kým vodič neopustí v priebehu 10 sekúnd vozidlo.Fire tests at the fire extinguishing center showed that fires in the engine compartment can be extinguished with CO 2 and water fog. In the cabin area, CO 2 extinguishing cannot be used due to the choking effect. When selecting a fire extinguisher, it is important to note the mode of operation, since normal fire extinguishers only function correctly in a certain position. In the vertical position, only slight deviations from the "Y axis" are allowed. The extinguishing agent is pushed through the submerged pipe or a valve is located at the bottom of the appliance. Pressurized gas propels the extinguishing agent out. In an inclined position, the pressurized gas breaks out. The propellant gas pressure drops, the extinguishing agent remains in the storage tank. In the horizontal position ("X-axis"), the position-dependence is improved by flexible plumbing tubes, but especially in the case of elongated tanks, there is a significant reduction in the effective extinguishing agent. In addition, there is a continuous fluctuating movement of the flexible immersion tube. For racing cars, all positions of the extinguisher tank must be possible in the event of an accident. The fire extinguishing equipment should be effective even when the vehicle is, for example. overturned on the roof, at least until the driver leaves the vehicle within 10 seconds.
Z patentového spisu US-A-4 889 189 je známy hasiaci systém tvorený hasiacou nádobou s priestorom na fluidum, kde sa nachádza hasiaci prostriedok, pričom nádrž na hasiaci prostriedok je oddelená elastickou membránou od priestoru na fluidum a tlakového prostriedku. Membrána má tvar rúrky a je schopná kopírovať zmenu objemu tlakového plynu. Taktiež z US-A-3 012 613 je známy obdobný hasiaci systém, kde nádrž na hasiaci prostriedok je tiež vybavená membránou a ventilom tlakového plynu.U.S. Pat. No. 4,889,189 discloses a fire extinguishing system comprising a fire extinguishing vessel having a fluid compartment, wherein the extinguishing agent is located, wherein the extinguishing tank is separated by an elastic membrane from the fluid compartment and the pressurizing means. The diaphragm has the shape of a tube and is able to follow the change in the volume of the pressurized gas. Also from US-A-3 012 613 a similar extinguishing system is known in which the extinguishing tank is also provided with a diaphragm and a pressure gas valve.
Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Vynález spočíva na úlohe vytvoriť taký hasiaci systém, ktorý by v porovnaní so známymi nádobami na hasiace prostriedky najjednoduchšími prostriedkami umožňoval aplikáciu hasiaceho prostriedku bez ohľadu na polohu nádrže. Táto úloha sa rieši nádržou na hasiaci prostriedok s priestorom na beztlakové fluidum a s tlakovým rezervoárom na hnacie médium, pričom priestor na fluidum a tlakový rezervoár sú od seba oddelené elastickou membránou, a priestor na fluidum je cez hrdlo spojený s nádržkou na hasiaci prostriedok vybavený uzavieracím elementom, aby bolo možné tlakový rezervoár cez plniace hrdlo naplniť tlakovým médiom alebo beztlakové hnacie médium aktivovať tlakovým plynom a na hrdlo, resp. na uzavierací element je priamo alebo prostredníctvom rozdeľovača pripojená rozdcľovaciadýza.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide such a fire extinguishing system which, in comparison with known extinguishing agent containers, makes it possible to apply the extinguishing agent, irrespective of the position of the tank, by the simplest means. This task is accomplished by an extinguisher tank with a pressureless fluid space and a pressure reservoir for the propellant, the fluid space and the pressure reservoir being separated from each other by an elastic membrane, and the fluid space is connected via a throat to the extinguisher tank equipped with a closing element. so that the pressure reservoir can be filled with the pressurized medium through the filler neck, or the pressureless propellant can be activated by the pressurized gas and onto the orifice respectively. a distributing nozzle is connected directly or via a distributor to the closing element.
Membrána kopíruje zmenu objemu vankúša tlakového plynu - a to v každej polohe a pri obvyklých zrýchleniach - a zabraňuje pri tlakových fľašiach neželanému efektu do fukovania. Pri vychádzaní hnacieho plynu bez hasiaceho prostriedku tu nastáva injektorové pôsobenie na hasiacu dýzu. To môže viesť k rozdúchaniu už takmer zahaseného ohňa. Ďalšie výhody vynálezu spočívajú v tom, že tlakové médium a hasiaci prostriedok sú od seba oddelené. Predovšetkým vtedy, ak sa ako hasiaci prostriedok použije voda, ku ktorej sa pridáva reagenčný prostriedok, aby sa dosiahol zvýšený hasiaci účinok.The diaphragm follows the change in volume of the pressure gas cushion - at any position and at normal accelerations - and prevents unwanted effects from blowing into the cylinders. When the propellant gas is released without the extinguishing agent, there is an injector action on the extinguishing nozzle. This can lead to an almost extinguished fire. Further advantages of the invention are that the pressure medium and the extinguishing agent are separated from each other. Especially when water is used as an extinguishing agent to which a reagent is added to achieve an enhanced extinguishing effect.
Do úvahy prichádza aj použitie pyrotechnických generátorov tlakového plynu, ktoré vytvoria tlak hnacieho plynu až vtedy, keď sa má hasiaci prístroj aktivovať. Generátor tlakového plynu obsahuje náplň s elektrickým zápalným elementom. Pri zapálení vznikne spálením plynná tlaková zmes, ktorá sa rozplynie v beztlakovom médiu v tlakovom rezervoári a tento dostane pod tlak. Ako beztlakové médium sa môže použiť nejaký inertný plyn, napr. dusík. Veľkú prednosť vynálezu treba vidieť v tom, že produkt pyrolýzy generátora tlakového plynu sa nezmiešava s hasiacim fluidom, takže produkt pyrolýzy sa nedostane do kabíny vozidla a tým nebude ntať negatívny účinok na jazdca.The use of pyrotechnic pressurized gas generators is also conceivable, which generates the propellant gas pressure only when the fire extinguisher is to be activated. The pressurized gas generator comprises a charge having an electrical ignition element. Upon ignition, a gaseous pressure mixture is formed by combustion, which is dissolved in a non-pressurized medium in a pressure reservoir and is brought under pressure. An inert gas, e.g. nitrogen. A great advantage of the invention is to be seen in the fact that the pyrolysis product of the pressurized gas generator is not mixed with the extinguishing fluid, so that the pyrolysis product does not enter the cab of the vehicle and thus does not negatively affect the rider.
Myšlienke, že vo vozidlách ohrozených vysokým stupňom nehodovosti, najmä v pretekárskych automobiloch, sa prevážajú nádrže na tlakový plyn, bola blízka koncepcia bezpečného systému, pri ktorom je plyn v stave pohotovosti bez tlaku a v prípade havárie sa nádrž neroztrhne.The idea that compressed gas tanks are transported in vehicles at risk of a high accident rate, especially in racing cars, was close to the concept of a safe system in which the gas is in a depressurized standby state and the tank does not burst in the event of an accident.
Nádrže na hasiace prostriedky sú za normálnych okolností umiestnené tam, kde sa nachádza sedadlo spolujazdca. Ak sa používa ako hasiaci prostriedok voda, ktorá sa po aktivovaní hasiaceho systému vytláča rozdeľovacimi dýzami, potom je zaručená optimálna protipožiarna ochrana. Rozprašovanou vodou sa dá nielen uhasiť požiar v kabíne auta, ale aj dosiahnuť vysoký stupeň bezpečnosti osôb, pretože dusiaci účinok inertného plynu nepôsobí.Extinguishing tanks are normally located where the passenger seat is located. If water is used as an extinguishing agent and is forced out by the nozzles after the extinguishing system has been activated, then optimal fire protection is guaranteed. Spray water can not only extinguish a fire in the cab of the car, but also achieve a high degree of personal safety, because the suffocating effect of inert gas does not work.
Hasiacim systémom podľa vynálezu sa po otvorení uzáveru na beztlakové fluidum automaticky vyháňa hasiaci prostriedok z nádrže. Pritom je hnací prostriedok buď ako zásobné tlakové médium alebo sa beztlakové médium vytláča tlakovým prostriedkom.The extinguishing system according to the invention automatically expels the extinguishing agent from the tank after opening the pressureless fluid cap. In this case, the drive means is either a supply pressure medium or the non-pressurized medium is forced out by the pressure means.
Aby sa vytvorila maximálne veľká povrchová plocha membrány, membrána bola konštruovaná v tvare U s otvorom smerom k ventilu a otvorený okraj membrány je upevnený na vnútornú stranu nádrže hasiaceho prostriedku.In order to create a maximum large surface area of the membrane, the membrane has been constructed in a U-shape with an opening towards the valve and the open edge of the membrane is fixed to the inside of the extinguisher tank.
Z výrobno-technických dôvodov je nádrž hasiaceho prostriedku vyrobená z dvoch časti: hornej a spodnej, ktoré sú navzájom spojené. Membrána tvaru U sa môže napríklad pripevniť na spojovacom mieste hornej a dolnej časti.For technical reasons, the extinguisher tank is made up of two parts: the upper and lower parts, which are connected to each other. For example, the U-shaped diaphragm can be attached at the connection point of the top and bottom.
Opis obrázkov na výkresochDescription of the drawings
Možné vyhotovenia vynálezu sú zobrazené na výkrese a v nasledujúcom texte budú opísané bližšie. Na jednotlivých výkresoch znázorňuje: obr. 1 prierez nádržou hasiaceho prostriedku, obr. 2 ďalší spôsob upevnenia membrány, obr. 3 a 4 použitie generátora tlakového plynu, obr. 5 a 6 použitie rozdeľovacej vodnej dýzy.Possible embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. In the drawings: FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of the extinguisher tank, FIG. 2 shows another method of fastening the membrane, FIG. 3 and 4 use of a pressurized gas generator, FIG. 5 and 6 use of a distribution water nozzle.
Príklad uskutočnenia vy nálezuExemplary embodiment of the invention
Ako je zobrazené na obr. 1, nádrž 1 hasiaceho prostriedku pozostáva z hornej časti 10 a z dolnej časti 11, ktoré sú navzájom spojené. Vo vyhotovení na obr. 1 je zobrazený zvarový šev 15. Namiesto /vatového švu môže byť napríklad skrutkové spojenie, spojenie s lepením a podobne. Vo vrchnej oblasti hornej časti 10 sa nachádza hrdlo 6 s venti lom 5 ako uzavieracím elementom. Ako uzavierací element sa môže použiť aj poistná platnička 22 (obr. 5). Spodná časť hornej časti 10 má smerom dovnútra hrubší priemer - zhrubnutie 12 a vonkajšie vybranie 13 (zúženie). Zhrubnutie 12 smerujúce dovnútra má po obvode kruhovú drážku 14, do ktorej zapadne zhrubnutá časť 15 obvodu membrányAs shown in FIG. 1, the extinguisher tank 1 consists of an upper part 10 and a lower part 11, which are connected to each other. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a weld seam 15 is shown. Instead of a cotton seam, for example, it may be a screw connection, a bonding connection, and the like. In the upper region of the upper part 10 there is a neck 6 with a valve 5 as a closing element. A locking plate 22 can also be used as a closing element (FIG. 5). The lower part of the upper part 10 has a thicker diameter inwardly - roughing 12 and an outer recess 13 (narrowing). The inward-facing coarse 12 has a circumferential groove 14 in its periphery, into which the coarse part 15 of the diaphragm circumference fits.
3. Takýmto spôsobom sa výstupkom 16 vybavená membrána 3 upevňuje vnútri nádrže 1 chladiaceho prostriedku a potom vytvorí horný priestor 2 na beztlakové fluidum a dolný tlakový rezervoár 4 na tlakové médium. Upevnenie membrány 3 sa môže urobiť aj pomocou žliabku 25 a upínacieho krúžku 26 (obr. 2). Pritom membrána je vybavená výstupkom 16. V oblasti dna dolnej časti 11 je umiestnené plniace hrdlo 7 s plniacim elementom 8 na plnenie tlakového média 4a. Namiesto tlakového média 4a sa môže použiť aj beztlakový inertný plyn. V tomto prípade sa pri aktivácii hasiaceho systému uvedie do činnosti generátor 19 tlakového plynu 19, ktorý je vedením 18 spojený s plniacim hrdlom 7. Pri aktivácii sa zapáli zápalné zariadenie 20 s ovládacím prvkom 21. Médium, ktoré sa nachádza generátore tlakového plynu, vyvinie spálením tlakový plyn, ktorý sa zmieša s beztlakovým inertným plynom 4b, a tým pri zväčšení objemu prenesie tlak cez membránu 3 na hasiace fluidum v priestore fluida 2. Pri dosiahnutí určitého tlaku sa preruší poistná platnička 22, takže hasiaci roztok sa otvorom 17, vedením 23 a rozdeľovacou dýzou 24 dostane k požiaru v pretekárskom automobile. Pri použití ventilu 5 sa tento otvorí ovládacím zariadením.3. In this way, the protrusion 16 provided with the protrusion 16 is fixed inside the coolant tank 1 and then forms an upper space 2 for pressureless fluid and a lower pressure reservoir 4 for pressure medium. The fastening of the membrane 3 can also be performed by means of a groove 25 and a clamping ring 26 (FIG. 2). In this case, the diaphragm is provided with a projection 16. In the region of the bottom of the lower part 11 there is a filling neck 7 with a filling element 8 for filling the pressure medium 4a. A non-pressurized inert gas may also be used instead of the pressure medium 4a. In this case, upon activation of the fire extinguishing system, the pressurized gas generator 19, which is connected via a line 18 to the filler neck 7, is activated. Upon activation, the igniter 20 with the actuator 21 is ignited. the pressure gas, which is mixed with the pressureless inert gas 4b, thereby transferring pressure through the diaphragm 3 to the extinguishing fluid in the fluid compartment 2 as the volume increases. Upon reaching a certain pressure, the locking plate 22 is broken so that the extinguishing solution is the distributor nozzle 24 reaches a fire in a racing car. When valve 5 is used, it is opened by the control device.
Podľa obr. 4 sa môže generátor tlakového plynu 19 umiestniť bezprostredne pod nádržou 1 hasiaceho prostriedku. Obr. 1 ukazuje membránu 3 aj bodkočiarkovanej druhej polohe, keď bolo hasiace fluidum vytlačené. Výstupok 16 na membráne zapadne do otvoru 17 a uzavrie ho.According to FIG. 4, the pressurized gas generator 19 may be located immediately below the extinguishing tank 1. Fig. 1 shows the membrane 3 also in dotted second position when the extinguishing fluid has been expelled. The protrusion 16 on the membrane fits into the opening 17 and closes it.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4440155A DE4440155C2 (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1994-11-10 | Extinguishing system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SK139395A3 SK139395A3 (en) | 1996-06-05 |
SK284005B6 true SK284005B6 (en) | 2004-07-07 |
Family
ID=6532964
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SK1393-95A SK284005B6 (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-07 | Fire extinguishing system |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0711578B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE193219T1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ288069B6 (en) |
DE (1) | DE4440155C2 (en) |
HU (1) | HU214560B (en) |
PL (1) | PL178030B1 (en) |
SK (1) | SK284005B6 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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MY132201A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 2007-09-28 | Great Lakes Chemical Corp | Method and system for delivering a fire suppression composition to a hazard |
DE19615268A1 (en) * | 1996-04-18 | 1997-10-23 | Total Feuerschutz Gmbh | Fire extinguishing system |
GB9800150D0 (en) * | 1998-01-07 | 1998-03-04 | Safety Devices Ltd | Improvements relating to containers |
DE10121730A1 (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2002-11-28 | Man B & W Diesel As Kopenhagen | Increasing explosion proofing of large diesel engine e.g. for ship, by applying mist of water droplets to inside of engine housing in the event of high temperatures |
DE10229011A1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-01-22 | Pingo Erzeugnisse Gmbh | Fire extinguishers, in particular hand-held fire extinguishers for immediate fire fighting in preferably aircraft |
WO2005049146A1 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-06-02 | Foi Group, Inc. | Fire extinguishing device and method |
FR2879107B1 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2007-04-06 | Airbus France Sas | DEVICE FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF PRESSURIZING GAS IN A BOTTLE OF EXTINGUISHER |
EP1782861A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-09 | Siemens S.A.S. | Fire extinguishing apparatus and method with gas generator and extinguishing agent |
FR2905454B1 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2011-03-18 | Pyroalliance | PYROTECHNIC GAS GENERATOR WITH PRESSURE REGULATION AND LIQUID PROPULSION DEVICE INCORPORATING IT INTO ITS STRUCTURE |
DE202011050100U1 (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2011-06-22 | Edgar Roberto Solis Perez | extinguishing device |
CZ308136B6 (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2020-01-22 | Svatopluk Cafourek | Extinguishing aerosol generator cover for an explosive atmosphere |
DE102012218621A1 (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-04-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Safety device for e.g. motor vehicle operated with liquid or compressed gas, has substance releasing inert gas after releasing process contained in storage, and containing oxidant and non-combustible filling material in form of oxide |
DE102016109098A1 (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-23 | Malte Sievers | Device system for extinguishing building fires, in particular emergence fires |
CN106913981A (en) * | 2017-04-30 | 2017-07-04 | 吴为生 | Band warning function explosion type fire extinguisher |
US11534636B2 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2022-12-27 | Kidde Technologies, Inc. | Fire extinguishers with inverted internal domes |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE948118C (en) * | 1953-01-22 | 1956-08-30 | Alexander Reichle | Fire extinguisher with extinguishing fluid under pressure |
US3012613A (en) * | 1959-06-24 | 1961-12-12 | Specialties Dev Corp | Fire preventing system |
DE1455739A1 (en) * | 1965-04-06 | 1969-05-22 | Renato Perani | Automatic device for extinguishing brakes on board motor vehicles |
GB2028127B (en) * | 1978-08-16 | 1982-12-22 | Hammargren & Co Ab | Fire extinguisher |
DE2838341A1 (en) * | 1978-09-02 | 1980-03-13 | Hermann Ellinghausen | Fire extinguishing agent container - has rubber vessel fitted inside metal vessel both optionally usable for agent or gas |
US4319640A (en) * | 1979-12-06 | 1982-03-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Gas generator-actuated fire suppressant mechanism |
US4889189A (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1989-12-26 | Rozniecki Edward J | Fire suppressant mechanism and method for sizing same |
DE9110222U1 (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1991-09-26 | Gloria-Werke H. Schulte-Frankenfeld Gmbh & Co, 4724 Wadersloh | Portable fire extinguisher, especially car fire extinguisher |
-
1994
- 1994-11-10 DE DE4440155A patent/DE4440155C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-08-24 EP EP95113275A patent/EP0711578B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-24 AT AT95113275T patent/ATE193219T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-07 SK SK1393-95A patent/SK284005B6/en unknown
- 1995-11-07 CZ CZ19952916A patent/CZ288069B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-07 PL PL95311259A patent/PL178030B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-10 HU HU9503227A patent/HU214560B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HU9503227D0 (en) | 1996-01-29 |
EP0711578A2 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
PL178030B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 |
PL311259A1 (en) | 1996-05-13 |
CZ291695A3 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
DE4440155C2 (en) | 1997-05-15 |
HU214560B (en) | 1998-04-28 |
EP0711578A3 (en) | 1997-05-02 |
CZ288069B6 (en) | 2001-04-11 |
DE4440155A1 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
SK139395A3 (en) | 1996-06-05 |
EP0711578B1 (en) | 2000-05-24 |
HUT74135A (en) | 1996-11-28 |
ATE193219T1 (en) | 2000-06-15 |
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