NO20021785L - Fremgangsmåte for forming av en fiberbane for bruk i absorberende produkter og fiberbane fremstilt i henhold tilfremgangsmåten - Google Patents

Fremgangsmåte for forming av en fiberbane for bruk i absorberende produkter og fiberbane fremstilt i henhold tilfremgangsmåten

Info

Publication number
NO20021785L
NO20021785L NO20021785A NO20021785A NO20021785L NO 20021785 L NO20021785 L NO 20021785L NO 20021785 A NO20021785 A NO 20021785A NO 20021785 A NO20021785 A NO 20021785A NO 20021785 L NO20021785 L NO 20021785L
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
forming
web
fibrous web
mat
absorbent products
Prior art date
Application number
NO20021785A
Other languages
English (en)
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO20021785D0 (no
Inventor
Gunnar Edwardson
Claes Goeransson
Original Assignee
Sca Hygiene Prod Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sca Hygiene Prod Ab filed Critical Sca Hygiene Prod Ab
Publication of NO20021785D0 publication Critical patent/NO20021785D0/no
Publication of NO20021785L publication Critical patent/NO20021785L/no

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15617—Making absorbent pads from fibres or pulverulent material with or without treatment of the fibres
    • A61F13/15626—Making fibrous pads without outer layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15617—Making absorbent pads from fibres or pulverulent material with or without treatment of the fibres
    • A61F13/15658—Forming continuous, e.g. composite, fibrous webs, e.g. involving the application of pulverulent material on parts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/736—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged characterised by the apparatus for arranging fibres

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
NO20021785A 2001-04-20 2002-04-16 Fremgangsmåte for forming av en fiberbane for bruk i absorberende produkter og fiberbane fremstilt i henhold tilfremgangsmåten NO20021785L (no)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0101393A SE0101393L (sv) 2001-04-20 2001-04-20 Sätt att forma en fiberbana för användning i absorberande alster samt enligt sättet framställd fiberbana

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO20021785D0 NO20021785D0 (no) 2002-04-16
NO20021785L true NO20021785L (no) 2002-10-21

Family

ID=20283827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO20021785A NO20021785L (no) 2001-04-20 2002-04-16 Fremgangsmåte for forming av en fiberbane for bruk i absorberende produkter og fiberbane fremstilt i henhold tilfremgangsmåten

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1253231B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4267863B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE309402T1 (ja)
DE (1) DE60207138T2 (ja)
NO (1) NO20021785L (ja)
SE (1) SE0101393L (ja)

Families Citing this family (58)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4070661B2 (ja) * 2002-06-10 2008-04-02 花王株式会社 吸収体の製造方法
ES2560203T3 (es) 2003-02-12 2016-02-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Núcleo absorbente para un artículo absorbente
EP1808152B1 (en) 2003-02-12 2012-08-29 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent Core for an Absorbent Article
US8013207B2 (en) 2003-12-22 2011-09-06 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Apparatus and method of forming a composite web structure and an absorbent structure comprising said web
SE0303508D0 (sv) * 2003-12-22 2003-12-22 Sca Hygiene Prod Ab Apparatus and method offorming a composite web structure and an absorbent structure comprising said composite web
DE602004026566D1 (de) 2004-07-28 2010-05-27 Procter & Gamble Indirekter Druck von AMG
PL1621166T5 (pl) † 2004-07-28 2019-06-28 The Procter And Gamble Company Proces wytwarzania struktur wkładów chłonnych
US20060264861A1 (en) 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 Lavon Gary D Disposable absorbent article having breathable side flaps
WO2007008125A1 (en) 2005-07-13 2007-01-18 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Absorbent article having improved fit
MX2007015711A (es) 2005-07-13 2008-02-21 Sca Hygiene Prod Ab Articulo absorbente que tiene ajuste mejorado.
GB2439719A (en) 2006-07-05 2008-01-09 Sca Hygiene Prod Ab Absorbent article with differing core density regions
US7585797B2 (en) 2007-04-30 2009-09-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered dispersible substrate
JP5259705B2 (ja) 2007-06-18 2013-08-07 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー ほぼ連続的に分布した吸収性粒子状ポリマー材料を含む封止された吸収性コアを備える使い捨て吸収性物品
CN102239285A (zh) 2008-12-04 2011-11-09 Sca卫生用品公司 形成吸收芯核的方法
JP5759701B2 (ja) * 2010-10-25 2015-08-05 花王株式会社 吸収体の製造方法
PL3284449T3 (pl) 2011-06-10 2020-03-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Pielucha jednorazowego użytku
EP2532332B2 (en) 2011-06-10 2017-10-04 The Procter and Gamble Company Disposable diaper having reduced attachment between absorbent core and backsheet
EP3338751B1 (en) 2011-06-10 2019-10-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent structure for absorbent articles
MX2013014588A (es) 2011-06-10 2014-01-24 Procter & Gamble Estructura absorbente para articulos absorbentes.
JP5885954B2 (ja) * 2011-07-29 2016-03-16 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 芯材の製造方法
CN102555367A (zh) * 2011-12-31 2012-07-11 山东俊富非织造材料有限公司 一次性卫生基材制造方法及其生产线
DE102013018940A1 (de) 2012-11-13 2014-05-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorptionsartikel mit Kanälen und Signalen
US9216118B2 (en) 2012-12-10 2015-12-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels and/or pockets
EP2740452B1 (en) 2012-12-10 2021-11-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article with high absorbent material content
US9216116B2 (en) 2012-12-10 2015-12-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels
EP2740450A1 (en) 2012-12-10 2014-06-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent core with high superabsorbent material content
US10639215B2 (en) 2012-12-10 2020-05-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels and/or pockets
EP2740449B1 (en) 2012-12-10 2019-01-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article with high absorbent material content
PL3254656T3 (pl) 2013-06-14 2022-01-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Wyrób chłonny i wkład chłonny tworzący kanały w stanie mokrym
RU2649546C2 (ru) 2013-08-27 2018-04-03 Дзе Проктер Энд Гэмбл Компани Абсорбирующие изделия, содержащие каналы
US9987176B2 (en) 2013-08-27 2018-06-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels
US10292875B2 (en) 2013-09-16 2019-05-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels and signals
US11207220B2 (en) 2013-09-16 2021-12-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels and signals
EP2851048B1 (en) 2013-09-19 2018-09-05 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent cores having material free areas
US9789009B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2017-10-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles having channel-forming areas and wetness indicator
PL2886092T3 (pl) 2013-12-19 2017-03-31 The Procter And Gamble Company Wkłady chłonne z obszarami tworzącymi kanały i zgrzewami osłony c
EP2949300B1 (en) 2014-05-27 2017-08-02 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent core with absorbent material pattern
GB2554228B (en) 2015-03-16 2021-08-04 Procter & Gamble Absorbent articles with improved strength
JP2018508292A (ja) 2015-03-16 2018-03-29 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー 改善されたコアを有する吸収性物品
WO2016183304A1 (en) 2015-05-12 2016-11-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article with improved core-to-backsheet adhesive
US10543129B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2020-01-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles having channels and wetness indicator
EP3167859B1 (en) 2015-11-16 2020-05-06 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent cores having material free areas
CN108712896B (zh) 2016-03-31 2019-12-06 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 吸收芯和形成吸收芯的方法
WO2017171777A1 (en) 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent cores and methods for forming absorbent cores
AU2016401213B2 (en) 2016-03-31 2021-09-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent cores and methods for forming absorbent cores
US11135097B2 (en) 2016-03-31 2021-10-05 Kimberly-Clark Wordwide, Inc. Absorbent cores and methods for forming absorbent cores
EP3238678B1 (en) 2016-04-29 2019-02-27 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent core with transversal folding lines
EP3238676B1 (en) 2016-04-29 2019-01-02 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent core with profiled distribution of absorbent material
CN110730651B (zh) 2017-06-09 2021-06-01 易希提卫生与保健公司 具有改善的贴合性的一次性卫生物品
EP3634353B1 (en) 2017-06-09 2022-02-09 Essity Hygiene and Health Aktiebolag Disposable hygiene article with improved fit
WO2018226133A1 (en) 2017-06-09 2018-12-13 Essity Hygiene And Health Aktiebolag Disposable hygiene article with improved fit
US11963852B2 (en) 2017-11-15 2024-04-23 Zuiko Corporation Absorbent material manufacturing device
WO2019190520A1 (en) 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of manufacturing an exudate management layer for use in an absorbent article
MX2021006701A (es) 2018-12-05 2021-07-15 Essity Hygiene & Health Ab Articulo de higiene desechable con ajuste mejorado.
MX2021006638A (es) 2018-12-05 2021-07-15 Essity Hygiene & Health Ab Articulo de higiene desechable con ajuste mejorado.
MY196154A (en) 2018-12-05 2023-03-17 Essity Hygiene & Health Ab Disposable Hygiene Article With Improved Fit
US20230301841A1 (en) * 2020-08-11 2023-09-28 Fameccanica.Data S.P.A. A method and apparatus for producing fluff-free absorbent cores
WO2022268304A1 (en) 2021-06-22 2022-12-29 Essity Hygiene And Health Aktiebolag An absorbent core for a wearable absorbent article and a wearable absorbent article including said absorbent core

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4074959A (en) * 1972-09-09 1978-02-21 Karl Kroyer St. Anne's Limited Apparatus for forming multi-ply fibrous sheets
GB1595905A (en) * 1977-04-29 1981-08-19 Kroyer St Annes S Ltd Karl Process for making a cellulosic product
US4610678A (en) * 1983-06-24 1986-09-09 Weisman Paul T High-density absorbent structures
US4859388A (en) * 1984-02-01 1989-08-22 The Proctor & Gamble Company Improved method of making discrete airlaid absorbent fibrous articles
DE3413925A1 (de) * 1984-04-13 1985-10-24 Winkler & Dünnebier, Maschinenfabrik und Eisengießerei GmbH & Co KG, 5450 Neuwied Vorrichtung zur herstellung von saugkissen zum absorbieren von koerperfluessigkeit
US4761258A (en) * 1985-12-10 1988-08-02 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Controlled formation of light and heavy fluff zones
US4765780A (en) * 1986-05-28 1988-08-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus for and method of providing a multiplicity of streams of air-entrained fibers
US5004579A (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-04-02 Mcneil-Ppc-Inc. Methods and apparatus for selective placement of fibrous material in formed fibrous articles
DE4335919A1 (de) * 1993-10-21 1995-04-27 Winkler Duennebier Kg Masch Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Hygieneartikeln
SE505835C2 (sv) * 1995-11-27 1997-10-13 Moelnlycke Ab Anordning för att på en löpande luftgenomtränglig bana genom luftläggning bilda fiberkroppar
US5916670A (en) * 1997-01-17 1999-06-29 Rayonier Inc. Absorbent material for use in absorbent articles
DE19823954C2 (de) * 1998-05-28 2002-08-29 Sca Hygiene Prod Ab Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ausbilden luftaufgebrachter absorbierender Faserkerne
AU2001245421A1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2001-09-17 The Procter And Gamble Company Absorbent, non-linting nonwoven web

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4267863B2 (ja) 2009-05-27
EP1253231A2 (en) 2002-10-30
SE0101393L (sv) 2002-10-21
DE60207138T2 (de) 2006-07-27
EP1253231B1 (en) 2005-11-09
NO20021785D0 (no) 2002-04-16
JP2003038567A (ja) 2003-02-12
ATE309402T1 (de) 2005-11-15
SE0101393D0 (sv) 2001-04-20
DE60207138D1 (de) 2005-12-15
EP1253231A3 (en) 2003-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
NO20021785L (no) Fremgangsmåte for forming av en fiberbane for bruk i absorberende produkter og fiberbane fremstilt i henhold tilfremgangsmåten
SE9802517D0 (sv) Metod för framställningav ett fiberbaserat materi alskikt
SE9002476L (sv) Fibrer med oekad specifik yta, saett att framstaella dessa, fluffmassa bestaaende av dessa fibrer och anvaendning av fibrerna som absorptionsmaterial
ATE447917T1 (de) Verpackung für absorbierenden artikel
DE60132663D1 (de) Faserschicht, verfahren zur herstellung und diese faserschicht enthaltender absorbierender artikel
DE59801097D1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer aus cellulose-fasern bestehenden faserstoffbahn für die verwendung in hygieneartikeln
PT1106723E (pt) Tampao de algodao hidrofilo destinado aos cuidados da pele e que compreende duas faces exteriores diferentes
DE60019944D1 (de) Elektrospinnverfahren zur Herstellung von Stärkefilamenten für flexible Strukturen
KR910000056A (ko) 1회용 팬츠의 제조방법
ATE519466T1 (de) Absorbierender artikel, verfahren und vorrichtung zu seiner herstellung
DE60116897D1 (de) Thermisch verbundene faservliesstoffe und zugehörige herstellungsverfahren
DE59605846D1 (de) 45-Grad-Verstärkungsfasergelege, mittels klebefähigem Fadengitter fixiert, in Form einer zweilagigen kontinuierlichen Bahn und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung desselben
DK1335829T3 (da) Optiske strukturer med flere lag
DE50301277D1 (de) Faserlaminat und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Faserlaminates
ATE180524T1 (de) Spinnvliesstoff mit hoher schütt- und hoher absorptionskapazität und verfahren zur herstellung desselben
FR2815399B1 (fr) Procede et installation de purification et recyclage de l'helium, et leur application a la fabrication de fibres optiques
DE69817829D1 (de) Perforierter Film kombiniert mit einer Faserstoffbahn, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie dieser Film enthaltender saugfähiger Einwegartikel
DE59901701D1 (de) Schalldämpfereinsatz und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE69406015T2 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen einer doppelseitig geprägten faserbahn
IT1317831B1 (it) Fibre polimeriche tricomponenti continue e/o discontinue per larealizzazione di tessuto-non tessuto e procedimento per la loro
DE602006014852D1 (de) Vliesstoff mit faserregionen mit unterschiedlicher dichte und herstellungsverfahren dafür
ES2056818T3 (es) Aparato y metodos para formar bandas fibrosas tendidas con aire, que tienen una multiplicidad de componentes.
DE69905421T2 (de) Absorbierende Vliesstoffmaterialien mit Klebebändern
ATE283946T1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines mineralwolleproduktes und mineralwolleprodukt
FI965169A (fi) Kuituisen kudoksen liittäminen puristamalla kankaaseen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FC2A Withdrawal, rejection or dismissal of laid open patent application