KR930009665B1 - Ceramics/metal composite and production thereof - Google Patents

Ceramics/metal composite and production thereof Download PDF

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KR930009665B1
KR930009665B1 KR1019910012096A KR910012096A KR930009665B1 KR 930009665 B1 KR930009665 B1 KR 930009665B1 KR 1019910012096 A KR1019910012096 A KR 1019910012096A KR 910012096 A KR910012096 A KR 910012096A KR 930009665 B1 KR930009665 B1 KR 930009665B1
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metal
ceramic
alloy
stress relaxation
ceramics
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KR1019910012096A
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Korean (ko)
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KR930002284A (en
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김영식
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주식회사 종합폴스타
임수길
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles

Abstract

preparing the stress- relaxing layer (3) of low thermal expansion metal e.g. Nb, Ta, W, Mo or soft metal e.g. Ni, Ti, Cu; coating Ag-Cu-Ti alloy as film soldering material (2,4) on both surfaces of the stress- relaxating layer (3); inserting it between ceramic (1) e.g. Al2O3, ZrO2, Si3N4 and metal (5) e.g. iron, steel; soldering the prepared body in 10-5 Torr vacuum furnace; or solid-diffusing at 90 % temperature of Ag-Cu-Ti alloy melting point. The produced composite has a high bonding strength.

Description

응력완화층을 이용한 세라믹과 금속과의 접합방법Bonding method between ceramic and metal using stress relaxation layer

제 1 도는 본 발명의 접합체를 배치한 배치도.1 is a layout view in which the bonded body of the present invention is disposed.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 세라믹 2 : 활성금속 함입 땜납제1: ceramic 2: active metal-containing solder

3 : 응력완화층 4 : 땜납제3: stress relaxation layer 4: solder

5 : 금속5: metal

본 발명은 응력완화충을 이용한 세라믹과 금속과의 접합방법에 관한 것으로 특히 접합부의 접합강도를 종래의 방법에 비해 월등히 향상시키는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of joining a ceramic and a metal using a stress relief worm, and more particularly, to a method of significantly improving the joint strength of a joint compared to a conventional method.

종래 세라믹과 세라믹 또는 세라믹과 금속과의 접합방법으로서는 ①접착제법 ②메탈라이징법[W, Mo(+Mn,Fe화합물)법, Cu(+합금산화물)법, Ni(+합금산화물)법 포함] ③ 용사법등이 알려져 있으나 이들은 각각 다음과 같은 결점이 있었다.Conventional methods of bonding ceramics to ceramics or ceramics and metals include: ① adhesive method ② metallizing method [including W, Mo ( + Mn, Fe compound) method, Cu ( + alloy oxide) method, Ni ( + alloy oxide) method] ③ Champions are known, but each had the following flaws.

가) 접착제법은 가장 간단한 방법이기는 하나, 고온에 있어서의 접합강도가 낮다.A) Although the adhesive method is the simplest method, the bonding strength at high temperature is low.

나) 메탈라이징법은 Mo,Mo-Mn등의 금속분말, Cu와 금속산화물, Ni과 금속산화물을 세라믹표면에 재치, 이온도금, 또는 용사방법으로 피막형성후 가습분위기 또는 진공분위기 중에서 열처리를 함으로서 메탈라이징한 다음 그 위에 금속과의 땜납방법으로 접합하는 방법으로, 이 방법은 메탈라이징 온도가 높기 때문에 냉각시 세라믹에 큰 열응력이 걸려 균열이 발생되기 쉽고 접합부에 매우 큰 인장응력이 남게 되어 접합강도가 매우 낮으며 또한 접합공정 자체가 매우 복잡하다는 결점이 있다.B) The metallizing method is a metal powder such as Mo, Mo-Mn, Cu and metal oxides, Ni and metal oxides placed on the ceramic surface, ion plating, or thermal spraying, followed by heat treatment in a humidified or vacuum atmosphere. Metallizing is then performed by soldering with metal on it. This method has high metallizing temperature, which causes large thermal stress on the ceramic during cooling, which leads to cracking and very large tensile stress. The disadvantage is that the strength is very low and the joining process itself is very complicated.

다) 용사법은 세라믹분말을 용융하여 금속표면에 불어 붙이는 방법으로 세라믹 피막형성에 국한되고 접합강도가 매우 낮다는 결점이 있다.C) The thermal spraying method is a method of melting ceramic powder and blowing it on the metal surface, which is limited to the ceramic film formation and has a very low bonding strength.

본 발명은 이러한 결점을 해소하기 위하여 이루어진 것으로, Al2O3, ZrO2, Si3N4세라믹과 철강재료 또는 비철재료와의 접합시 양재료 사이에 활성금속 함입 땜납제와 저열팽창금속인 Ta,Nb,W,Mo 및 연질금속인 Ni,Ti,Cu의 응력 완화층을 같이 삽입하여 진공중에서 확산 접합기구 또는 경납땜(brazing)접합 기구에 의해 단일공정으로 접합이 완성되게 함으로서 세라믹측의 균열 발생방지는 물론이고 접합부의 잔류응력을 최소화하여 접합강도를 최대로 증진시키는 방법이다.The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned defects, and the active metal-containing solder and the low thermal expansion metal Ta between Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Si 3 N 4 ceramic and steel materials or non-ferrous materials when joining them Cracking on the ceramic side by inserting together the stress relaxation layers of Nb, W, Mo and soft metals Ni, Ti and Cu together in a single process by diffusion bonding or brazing bonding in vacuum It prevents the occurrence and minimizes the residual stress of the joint, thereby increasing the joint strength to the maximum.

본 발명을 도면에 의거 더욱 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the present invention in more detail based on the drawings as follows.

A13O3, ZrO2, Si3N4등의 세라믹 (1), 활성금속 합입땜납제(2), 응력완화층(3), 땜납제 (4), 상대금속(5)를 제 1 도에 도시한 바와같이 배치하고 이 상태를 10-5Torr 정도의 진공로속에 넣어 땜납방법과 같은 방법 또는 고상확산 접합과 같은 방법으로 처리해줌으로서 세라믹과 동등한 접합강도를 얻을 수 있다.A1 3 O 3 , ceramics such as ZrO 2 , Si 3 N 4 , active metal bonding solder (2), stress relaxation layer (3), solder (4), counterpart metal (5) As shown in the figure, the state is placed in a vacuum furnace of about 10 -5 Torr and treated by the same method as the soldering method or the same method as the solid-state diffusion bonding to obtain a bonding strength equivalent to that of ceramics.

본 발명에 있어서 세라믹과 금속사이에 삽입되는 땜납제와 응력완화층, 가열공정은 구체적으로 다음과 같다.In the present invention, the soldering agent and the stress relaxation layer inserted between the ceramic and the metal are specifically as follows.

땜납제를 Ag-27Cu-1Ti계 합금으로 합금제조후 냉간압연 방법으로 100μ 정도의 박막으로 제조된 것을 사용한다. 여기서 합금성분은 그속에 포함된 Ti 이 세라믹과의 계면(界面)에서 Ti 산화물을 형성하여 강고한 접합계면을 만들도록 연구된 것이며, 땜납제 두께를 100μ 정도로 압연한 것은 접합후 땜납층의 두께를 가능한한 엷게 함으로서 접합부의 강도 향상을 도모하기 위한 것이다.The solder is made of Ag-27Cu-1Ti alloy and manufactured by thin film of about 100μ by cold rolling method. In this case, the alloy component was studied to form a strong bonding interface by forming Ti oxide at the interface with ceramic in the Ti, and rolling the thickness of the solder material to about 100μ shows the thickness of the solder layer after bonding. It is for the purpose of improving the strength of the joint by making it as thin as possible.

응력완화층의 두께는 세라믹과 상대금속의 종류, 접합체의 크기등에 따라 FEM에 의해 계산된 적정한 두께가 존재한다. 응력완화층에 의한 응력완화기구는 다음과 같다. 즉 접합공정중 가열, 냉각 조작을 거치게 되나 냉각시 세라믹과 금속사이의 열팽창계수의 차이로 인해 세라믹측에 큰 열응력이 생기고, 냉각완료 후는 이것이 큰 인장 잔류 응력으로 남게 되어 접합강도를 저해시키는 주원인이 된다. 따라서 저열팽창계수의 금속인 Ta, Nb, W, Mo을 두 재료 사이에 삽입하게 되면 금속과 세라믹의 열팽창계수의 차이를 완화시켜 잔류응력을 저감시키며, 한편 연질금속인 Ni, Ti,Cu를 두재료 사이에 삽입하게 되면 이것이 인장응력을 받아 소성변형을 하게 되고 이로 인해 잔류응력을 저감시켜 접합강도를 증진시키게 된다.The thickness of the stress relaxation layer has an appropriate thickness calculated by FEM depending on the type of ceramic and counter metal and the size of the joint. The stress relaxation mechanism by the stress relaxation layer is as follows. In other words, heating and cooling are performed during the joining process, but during cooling, a large thermal stress occurs on the ceramic side due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the ceramic and the metal. After cooling, this leaves a large tensile residual stress and impedes the bonding strength. It is the main cause. Therefore, when Ta, Nb, W, and Mo, metals with low thermal expansion coefficients, are inserted between the two materials, the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between metals and ceramics is alleviated to reduce residual stress, while soft metals such as Ni, Ti, and Cu When inserted between materials, it is subjected to tensile stress and plastic deformation, thereby reducing the residual stress to increase the bonding strength.

접합공정은 땜납제가 완전 용융되는 온도보다 50℃ 높은 온도에서 10분간 유지하거나, 용융온도의 90%의 온도에서 가압상태로 60분간 유지하여 세라믹 자체의 강도와 같은 정도의 접합강도가 얻어졌다.The bonding process was maintained for 10 minutes at a temperature 50 ° C. higher than the temperature at which the solder was completely melted, or maintained for 60 minutes under pressure at 90% of the melting temperature to obtain the same bonding strength as that of the ceramic itself.

이상과 같이 본 발명은 세라믹과 철강재료 또는 비철재료와의 접합시 양재료 사이에 활성금속 함입 땜납제와 저열팽창계수 금속이나 연질금속의 응력 완화층을 같이 삽입하여 진공중에서 확산접합기구 또는 경납땜 접합기구에 의해 단일 공정으로 접합이 완성되게 함으로서 세라믹측의 균열 발생 방지는 물론 접합부의 잔류응력을 최소화하여 접합강도를 최대로 증진시키는 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention inserts an active metal-containing solder and a low thermal expansion coefficient metal or a soft metal stress relaxation layer between both materials when bonding ceramic and steel materials or nonferrous materials to diffuse diffusion bonding mechanism or brazing in vacuum. By completing the joining process in a single process by the joining mechanism, there is an effect of preventing crack generation on the ceramic side and minimizing the residual stress of the joining part to maximize the joining strength.

Claims (4)

Al2O3, ZrO2, Si3N4세라믹(1)과 철강재료인 금속(5)을 접합시 Ag-Cu-Ti 합금의 박막땜납제(2)와 (4)사이에 저열팽창금속인 Ta, Nb,W,Mo 흑은 연질금속인 Ni, Ti,Cu의 응력완화층(3)를 두어 이를 세라믹 (1)과 금속(5)사이에 동시에 삽입하여 이상태를 10-5Torr 정도의 진공로속에 넣어 납땜방법과 동일한 방법으로 접합하는 응력완화층을 이용한 세라믹과 금속과의 접합방법.When Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Si 3 N 4 ceramics (1) are joined to a metal (5), which is a steel material, a low thermal expansion metal is formed between the thin film solder agent (2) and (4) of Ag-Cu-Ti alloy. Ta, Nb, W, Mo graphite is a soft metal, Ni, Ti, vacuum degree of the this state by inserting them at the same time between the ceramic 1 and the metal (5) by placing a strain relief layer (3) of Cu 10 -5 Torr A method of joining ceramics and metals using a stress relaxation layer that is placed in a furnace and bonded in the same manner as the soldering method. 제 1 항에 있어서, Al2O3, ZrO2, Si3N4세라믹(1)과 비철재료인 금속(5)을 접합시 Ag-Cu-Ti 합금의 박막땜납제 (2)와 (4)사이에 저열팽창금속인 Ta,Nb,W,Mo 혹은 연질금속인 Ni,Ti,Cu의 응력완화층(3)를 두어 이를 세라믹 (1)과 금속(5) 사이에 동시에 삽입하여 이상태를 10-5Torr 정도의 진공로속에 넣어 납땜방법과 동일한 방법으로 접합하는 응력완화층을 이용한 세라믹과 금속과의 접합방법.The thin film soldering agent (2) and (4) of the Ag-Cu-Ti alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein the Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Si 3 N 4 ceramic (1) is bonded to the metal (5), which is a nonferrous material. a low thermal expansion metal is Ta, Nb, W, Mo or the soft metal of Ni, Ti, this state is inserted at the same time between them the ceramic 1 and the metal (5) by placing a strain relief layer (3) of Cu to 10 between the - Joining method of ceramic and metal using stress relaxation layer which is put in a vacuum furnace of about 5 Torr and bonded in the same way as soldering method. 제 1 항에 있어서, Al2O3, ZrO2, Si3N4세라믹 (1)과 철강재인 금속(5)을 접합시 Ag-Cu-Ti 합금의 박막땜납제 (2)와 (4)사이에 저열팽창금속인 Ta,Nb.W,Mo 혹은 연질금속인 Ni,Ti,Cu의 응력완화층(3)를 두어 이를 세라믹 (1)과 금속(5)사이에 동시에 삽입하여 Ag-Cu-Ti 합금용융점의 90%의 온도에서 고상확산 접합방법과 동일한 방법으로 접합하는 응력완화층을 이용한 세라믹과 금속과의 접합방법.The thin film soldering agent (2) and (4) of the Ag-Cu-Ti alloy when bonding Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Si 3 N 4 ceramic (1) and a metal (5) made of steel. A stress relaxation layer (3) of Ta, Nb.W, Mo, a low thermal expansion metal, or Ni, Ti, Cu, a soft metal, is placed at the same time, and is simultaneously inserted between the ceramic (1) and the metal (5) to form Ag-Cu-Ti. A method of joining ceramics and metals using a stress relaxation layer that is joined in the same manner as the solid phase diffusion bonding method at a temperature of 90% of the alloy melting point. 제 1 항에 있어서, Al2O3, ZrO2, Si3N4세라믹 (1)과 비철재료인 금속(5)을 접합시 Ag-Cu-Ti 합금의 박막땜납제 (2)와 (4)사이에 저열팽창금속인 Ta,Nb.W,Mo 혹은 연질금속인 Ni,Ti,Cu의 응력완화층(3)를 두어 이를 세라믹 (1)과 금속(5)사이에 동시에 삽입하여 Ag-Cu-Ti 합금용융점의 90%의 온도에서 고상확산 접합방법과 동일한 방법으로 접합하는 응력완화층을 이용한 세라믹과 금속과의 접합방법.The thin film soldering agent (2) and (4) of the Ag-Cu-Ti alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein the Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Si 3 N 4 ceramic (1) is bonded to the metal (5), which is a nonferrous material. Between the low thermal expansion metal Ta, Nb.W, Mo or soft metal Ni, Ti, Cu stress relief layer (3) is inserted between the ceramic (1) and the metal (5) at the same time Ag-Cu- A method of joining ceramics and metals using a stress relaxation layer bonded in the same manner as the solid state diffusion bonding method at a temperature of 90% of the melting point of Ti alloy.
KR1019910012096A 1991-07-16 1991-07-16 Ceramics/metal composite and production thereof KR930009665B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017022991A1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-09 덕산하이메탈(주) Method for joining superhard materials using metal plating film having amorphous and heating characteristics

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR100355119B1 (en) * 1999-07-12 2002-10-11 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 Insulating operating rod and manufacturing method therefor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017022991A1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-09 덕산하이메탈(주) Method for joining superhard materials using metal plating film having amorphous and heating characteristics

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