KR20110123383A - Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/graphene composites with enhanced mechanical property and electrical conductivity and method for preparing the same - Google Patents

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/graphene composites with enhanced mechanical property and electrical conductivity and method for preparing the same Download PDF

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KR20110123383A
KR20110123383A KR1020100042829A KR20100042829A KR20110123383A KR 20110123383 A KR20110123383 A KR 20110123383A KR 1020100042829 A KR1020100042829 A KR 1020100042829A KR 20100042829 A KR20100042829 A KR 20100042829A KR 20110123383 A KR20110123383 A KR 20110123383A
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graphene
polytrimethylene terephthalate
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정영규
메이루 리
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금오공과대학교 산학협력단
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for preparing a poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/graphene composite is provided to prepare a composite having excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance and electric conductivity due to excellent storage elastometer. CONSTITUTION: A method for preparing a poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/graphene composite comprises a step of melt-mixing or solution-mixing graphene and polytrimethylene terephthalate, wherein the graphene is prepared by acid treatment and heat treatment of natural graphite. The content of grapheme in the composite is 0.01~50.0 weight% based on the total weight of the composite. The melt mixing is carried out at 240-300 °C. The solution-mixing is performed using at least one solvent from the group consisting of phenol, o-chlorophenol, m-chlorophenol, nitrobenzene, phenol, and tetrachloroethane.

Description

우수한 기계적 물성과 전기전도성을 갖는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체 및 그 제조방법{Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/Graphene Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Electrical Conductivity and Method for Preparing the Same}Poly (trimethylene terephthalate) / Graphene Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Electrical Conductivity and Method for Preparing the Same}

본 발명은 천연 그래파이트(natural graphite)를 산처리 및 열처리하여 나노크기 두께를 갖는 그래핀(graphene)을 제조하고, 이를 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트 고분자 매트릭스와 용융혼합 또는 용액혼합하여 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체 및 이를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention is to prepare a graphene (graphene) having a nano-size thickness by acid treatment and heat treatment of natural graphite, and melt-mixed or solution-mixed with a polytrimethylene terephthalate polymer matrix, polytrimethylene terephthalate / It relates to a graphene composite and a method of manufacturing the same.

폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(poly(trimethylene terephthalate), 이하 "PTT"라고도 한다.)는 1941년 위니필드(Whinfield)와 딕슨(Dickson)에 의해 성공적으로 합성된 물질로서, 방향족 폴리에스테르의 일종이다. 그러나 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT)의 단량체인 1,3-프로판디올(1,3-propanediol)의 높은 생산가격으로 인하여 상업적으로 대량 생산이 이루어지지 못했다. 한편 1990년대 초기에 미국의 셀사(Shell Chemical Corp.)가 1,3-프로판디올을 대량생산할 수 있는 기술을 개발함에 따라 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT)는 본격적으로 대량 생산되기 시작하였다. 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT)는 방향족 폴리에스테르인 폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트[poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET]의 우수한 물성과 폴리부틸렌 테레프탈레이트[poly(butylene terephthalate), PBT]의 우수한 가공성을 조합한 탁월한 물성을 가지고 있다. 특히 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT)는 우수한 탄성회복력을 가지고 있어서 현재까지 주로 의류용 섬유고분자 소재로 사용되고 있다. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (also referred to as "PTT") is a type of aromatic polyester successfully synthesized by Winfield and Dickson in 1941. However, due to the high production price of 1,3-propanediol, a monomer of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), mass production was not achieved. Meanwhile, in the early 1990's, polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) began mass production in earnest as Shell Chemical Corp. of the United States developed a technology to mass-produce 1,3-propanediol. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) combines the excellent properties of aromatic polyester polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with the excellent processability of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). Has physical properties In particular, polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) has an excellent elastic recovery ability has been used mainly as a fiber polymer material for clothing until now.

하지만, 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT)의 열적, 기계적 물성이 향상되고, 전기전도성을 높일 수 있다면, 의류용 섬유소재뿐만 아니라 산업용 섬유, 필름, 엔지니어링 플라스틱소재로 활용되어 다양한 응용분야에서 사용될 수 있다.However, if the thermal and mechanical properties of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) can be improved and the electrical conductivity can be improved, it can be used in various applications as it is used not only as a textile material for clothing but also as an industrial fiber, a film, and an engineering plastic material. .

폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트는 방향족 폴리에스테르의 일종으로 아래의 화학식으로 나타낼 수 있다.Polytrimethylene terephthalate is a kind of aromatic polyester and may be represented by the following formula.

Figure pat00001
Figure pat00001

한편 천연 그래파이트(natural graphite, NG)는 판상의 그래핀(graphene)이 반 데르 발스 인력에 의해 서로 적층되어 이루어진 마이크론 크기의 두께를 갖는 분말 또는 입자이다. 천연 그래파이트(natural graphite, NG)는 104 S/cm 정도의 높은 전기전도도를 가질 뿐만 아니라 탄소나노튜브와 비교하여 가격 또한 매우 저렴하여 우수한 보강제 중의 하나이다. On the other hand, natural graphite (NG) is a powder or particles having a micron-sized thickness formed by laminating graphene (graphene) with each other by van der Waals attraction. Natural graphite (NG) not only has a high electrical conductivity of about 10 4 S / cm, but is also one of the excellent reinforcing agents because the price is also very low compared to carbon nanotubes.

이러한 천연 그래파이트가 기능성 보강제로서 효과적으로 기능을 발휘하기 위해서는 고분자 매트릭스 내에서 나노 크기의 두께를 가진 입자로 분산되어 있거나, 그래핀(graphen)으로 박리되어 분산되어 있어야 한다. 그래핀(graphene)은 천연 그래파이트를 산처리, 초음파처리 또는 열처리하여 나노크기의 두께로 박리시켜 제조할 수 있다. 그래핀(graphene)은 1060 GPa의 영탄성율을 가지고 있고, 104 S/cm 정도의 전기전도도와 1000 ℃ 이상의 높은 열안정성을 갖는 고기능성 탄소나노입자이다. 이러한 그래핀을 PTT와 같은 섬유고분자 매트릭스에 효과적으로 분산시킬 수 있다면 매트릭스 섬유고분자의 열적, 기계적 및 전기적 물성을 크게 향상시킬 수 있다.In order for the natural graphite to function effectively as a functional reinforcing agent, the natural graphite must be dispersed in particles having a nano-sized thickness in the polymer matrix or peeled and dispersed with graphene. Graphene (graphene) may be prepared by peeling the natural graphite to a nano-sized thickness by acid treatment, sonication or heat treatment. Graphene is a highly functional carbon nanoparticle having a Young's modulus of 1060 GPa and having an electrical conductivity of about 10 4 S / cm and high thermal stability of more than 1000 ° C. If the graphene can be effectively dispersed in a fibrous polymer matrix such as PTT, the thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of the matrix fibrous polymer can be greatly improved.

본 발명은 고기능성을 요구하기 위하여 널리 상용화되어 사용되고 있는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT)에 우수한 기계적 물성, 내열성 및 전기전도성을 부여한 복합체, 즉 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT)와 그래핀 탄소나노입자를 복합화한 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 (PTT/graphene) 복합체 및 그 제조방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The present invention is a composite that gives excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance and electrical conductivity to polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), which is widely commercialized and used for high functionality, that is, polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and graphene carbon nanoparticles. An object of the present invention is to provide a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene complex (PTT / graphene) complex and a manufacturing method thereof.

상기한 과제를 해결하기 위하여 본 발명의 적절한 실시 형태에 따르면, 천연그래파이트를 산처리 및 열처리하여 제조된 그래핀과 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트를 용융혼합 또는 용액혼합하여 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체를 제조하는 방법을 제공한다.In order to solve the above problems, according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite by melting or solution mixing graphene and polytrimethylene terephthalate prepared by acid treatment and heat treatment of natural graphite It provides a method of manufacturing.

본 발명의 다른 적절한 실시 형태에 따르며, 상기 복합체에서 그래핀 함량은 복합체 총중량대비 0.01~50.0 중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 제조방법을 제공한다.According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the graphene content in the composite provides a method for producing a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite, characterized in that 0.01 to 50.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the composite.

본 발명의 또 다른 적절한 실시 형태에 따르면, 상기 용융혼합은 240 내지 300 ℃의 온도에서 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 제조방법을 제공한다.According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the melt mixing provides a method for producing a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite, characterized in that carried out at a temperature of 240 to 300 ℃.

본 발명의 또 다른 적절한 실시 형태에 따르면, 상기 용액혼합은 20~150 ℃의 온도에서 페놀, o-클로로페놀, m-클로로페놀, 니트로벤젠, 페놀 및 사염화에탄으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 1종의 용매를 이용하여 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 제조방법을 제공한다.According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the solution mixture is at least one selected from the group consisting of phenol, o-chlorophenol, m-chlorophenol, nitrobenzene, phenol and ethane tetrachloride at a temperature of 20-150 ° C. It provides a method for producing a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite, characterized in that carried out using a solvent.

본 발명의 또 다른 적절한 실시 형태에 따르면, 상기 방법으로 제조된 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체를 포함하는 섬유, 필름 또는 플라스틱 제품을 제공한다.According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a fiber, film or plastic article comprising the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite prepared by the above method.

본 발명에서 제조된 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 단독고분자보다 저장탄성계가 우수하여 기계적 물성이 향상된다. 또한 본 발명의 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 단독고분자보다 우수한 열적 안정성(내열성) 및 전기전도성을 갖는다. 또한 본 발명의 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 복합체는 우수한 내열성, 기계적 강도 및 전기 전도도를 가지기 때문에 우수한 내열성, 기계적 강도 및 전기 전도도를 갖는 섬유, 필름, 플라스틱을 제조할 수 있다.The polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) composite prepared in the present invention has better storage modulus than the polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) polymer, thereby improving mechanical properties. In addition, the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite of the present invention has better thermal stability (heat resistance) and electrical conductivity than polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) polymer alone. In addition, since the polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) composite of the present invention has excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength and electrical conductivity, it is possible to prepare fibers, films, and plastics having excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength and electrical conductivity.

도 1은 본 발명에서 제조된 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 저장탄성률을 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 2는 본 발명에서 제조된 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 열안정성을 나타낸 그래프로서, 도 2a는 질소 존재 하에서, 도 2b는 산소 존재 하에서 열안정성을 측정한 결과이다.
도 3은 본 발명에서 제조된 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 전기전도성을 나타낸 그래프이다.
1 is a graph showing the storage modulus of the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite prepared in the present invention.
Figure 2 is a graph showing the thermal stability of the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite prepared in the present invention, Figure 2a is the result of measuring the thermal stability in the presence of nitrogen, Figure 2b in the presence of oxygen.
Figure 3 is a graph showing the electrical conductivity of the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite prepared in the present invention.

본 발명에서 사용된 용어 "PTT"는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트[poly(trimethylene terephthalate)]를 나타낸다. The term "PTT" as used herein refers to polytrimethylene terephthalate (poly).

본 발명에서 사용된 "PTT/graphene"는 그래핀(graphene)과 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 단독고분자를 혼합하여 제조된 물질을 말한다. 여기서 그래핀(graphene)란 탄소로만 이루어진 판상구조를 가진 탄소입자로써 전기전도성, 내열성, 기계적 강도가 매우 우수하다. “PTT / graphene” used in the present invention refers to a material prepared by mixing graphene and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) homopolymer. Here, graphene (graphene) is a carbon particle having a plate-like structure composed only of carbon, and has excellent electrical conductivity, heat resistance, and mechanical strength.

본 발명을 위해 그래핀은 천연 그래파이트(natural graphite, NG)를 산처리와 열처리(열팽창)를 통해 제조하였다. For the present invention, graphene was prepared by acid treatment and heat treatment (thermal expansion) of natural graphite (natural graphite, NG).

제조된 그래핀을 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 고분자와 용융혼합 또는 용액혼합 함으로써 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 단독고분자보다 저장탄성계수가 우수한 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체를 제조한다. By melting or mixing the prepared graphene with polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) polymer, polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) having better storage modulus than polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) polymer Prepare the complex.

또한 본 발명의 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 단독고분자보다 우수한 열적 안정성(내열성)과 전기전도도를 갖는다.
In addition, the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite of the present invention has better thermal stability (heat resistance) and electrical conductivity than the polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) polymer.

먼저 본 발명을 위해 사용된 그래핀(graphene)의 제조방법에 대하여 설명한다.First, a method of preparing graphene (graphene) used for the present invention will be described.

천연 그래파이트(natural graphite, NG)는 지름이 수 mm 내지 수백 mm로서 탄소로 이루어진 여러 겹의 판상들이 겹쳐져 있는 형태를 나타내고 있는데, 본 발명에서는 지름이 20~500mm의 천연 그래파이트(NG)를 사용한다. Natural graphite (NG) has a diameter of several mm to several hundred mm, showing a form in which several layers of carbon are overlapped. In the present invention, natural graphite (NG) having a diameter of 20 to 500 mm is used.

그래핀(graphene)은 상기 천연 그래파이트(NG)를 황산, 질산 및 염소산칼륨 용액에 침지 시킨 후 교반기를 이용하여 강하게 교반하여 산처리를 실시하여 제조한다. 이 때 염소산칼륨은 산 용액에서 농도가 높으면 폭발 위험성을 가지기 때문에 냉각 수조 안에서 먼저 천연 그래파이트(NG), 황산 및 질산을 넣고 교반 후 온도를 20 ℃이하로 충분이 낮추어 주고 그런 다음 염소산칼륨을 조금씩 천천히 넣어준다. Graphene (graphene) is prepared by immersing the natural graphite (NG) in a sulfuric acid, nitric acid and potassium chlorate solution and then vigorously stirring using a stirrer to perform acid treatment. At this time, potassium chlorate has a high concentration in acid solution, so there is a risk of explosion, so first put natural graphite (NG), sulfuric acid, and nitric acid in the cooling bath, and after stirring, lower the temperature sufficiently to below 20 ℃, and then slowly lower the potassium chlorate slowly. Put it in.

이때 산의 농도는 90% 이상의 황산, 60% 이상의 질산, 90% 이상의 염소산칼륨을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 이는 산의 농도가 높을수록 짧은 시간 안에 높은 산처리 효과를 줄 수 있기 때문이다. 하지만, 산 농도가 높으면 염소산칼륨이 폭발할 위험이 있기 때문에, 반응기의 온도가 37 ℃ 이상 올라가지 않도록 하는 것이 바람직하다. The acid concentration is preferably at least 90% sulfuric acid, at least 60% nitric acid, at least 90% potassium chlorate. This is because the higher the concentration of acid can give a high acid treatment effect in a short time. However, if the acid concentration is high, there is a risk of explosion of potassium chlorate, so it is preferable that the temperature of the reactor does not rise above 37 ° C.

산처리 반응 시간은 96시간 내지 120시간 동안으로 하고 마그네틱바를 이용하여 충분히 교반하면서 실시하는 것이 바람직하다. 산처리가 완료되면 그래파이트를 과량의 물로 희석하여 준 후 여과하여 걸러준다. 여과된 그래파이트는 여러 번의 수세를 통하여 pH가 6.7 이상이 되도록 조절해준다.The acid treatment reaction time is preferably 96 hours to 120 hours, and is preferably carried out with sufficient stirring using a magnetic bar. After the acid treatment is completed, the graphite is diluted with excess water and filtered. The filtered graphite is adjusted to a pH above 6.7 by several washings.

상기 방법으로 획득한 그래파이트는 열처리 전에 24시간 동안의 진공건조를 통하여 건조시켜 준다. 건조된 시료는 600 내지 1100 ℃의 용광로에서 30초 내지 1분간 열처리하여 팽창시킴으로써 박리된 그래파이트인 그래핀(graphene)을 제조한다.
The graphite obtained by the above method is dried by vacuum drying for 24 hours before heat treatment. The dried sample is heat-treated and expanded for 30 seconds to 1 minute in a furnace at 600 to 1100 ° C. to produce graphene, which is exfoliated graphite.

다음으로 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체를 제조하는 방법을 설명한다.Next, a method of preparing a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) complex will be described.

상기 방법으로 제조된 그래핀(graphene)을 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 단독고분자와 혼합하여 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체를 제조할 수 있다. 그래핀과 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 단독고분자는 0.001~99.999 : 99.999~0.001의 중량비(wt%)의 범위에서 다양하게 조합할 수 있지만, 그래핀이 복합체 총 중량대비 0.01~50.00 중량%인 것이 바람직하다. 그래핀이 0.01 중량% 이하인 경우는 복합체의 열적/전기적 물성 향상을 기대할 수 없으며, 그래핀이 50.00 중량% 이상인 경우에는 상업적으로 중요한 제조공정인 용융혼합에 의한 복합체 제조가 불가능하다.The graphene prepared by the above method may be mixed with a polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) homopolymer to prepare a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) complex. Graphene and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) alone polymer can be variously combined in the weight ratio (wt%) of 0.001 to 99.999: 99.999 to 0.001, but the graphene is 0.01 to 50.00% by weight of the total weight of the composite It is preferable. If the graphene is less than 0.01% by weight can not be expected to improve the thermal / electrical properties of the composite, if the graphene is more than 50.00% by weight it is impossible to produce a composite by melt mixing, a commercially important manufacturing process.

그래핀과 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT)의 혼합은 용액혼합법 또는 용융혼합법으로 각각 행해질 수 있다.The mixing of graphene and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) may be performed by solution mixing or melt mixing, respectively.

상기 용융혼합은 240 내지 300 ℃의 온도범위에서 용융혼련기를 사용하여 행해진다. 상기 용융혼합은 용융혼련기를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.The melt mixing is performed using a melt kneader in the temperature range of 240 to 300 ℃. It is preferable to use a melt kneader for the melt mixing.

상기 용액혼합은 페놀, o-클로로페놀, m-클로로페놀, 니트로벤젠, 페놀, 사염화에탄과 같은 용매 또는 이들의 혼합용매를 이용하여 실시할 수 있다. 상기 용액혼합은 20~150 ℃의 온도범위에서 실시하는 것이 바람직하며, 이때 용매의 중량은 전체 중량 대비 50.00~99.99 중량%로 하는 것이 바람직하다.
The solution mixing can be carried out using a solvent such as phenol, o-chlorophenol, m-chlorophenol, nitrobenzene, phenol, ethane tetrachloride or a mixed solvent thereof. The solution mixing is preferably carried out at a temperature range of 20 ~ 150 ℃, the weight of the solvent is preferably 50.00 ~ 99.99% by weight relative to the total weight.

이하에서 실시예를 들어 본 발명을 상세하게 설명하지만, 실시예에 의하여 본 발명의 권리범위가 한정되는 것은 아니다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by Examples.

제조예 1: 그래핀(graphene) 제조Preparation Example 1 Graphene Preparation

냉각 수조 안에서 먼저 천연 그래파이트 20 g, 황산 320 mL 및 질산 180 mL을 넣고 교반한다. 교반시 온도를 20 ℃이하로 충분이 낮추어 주고 그런 다음 염소산칼륨 220g을 조금씩 천천히 넣어준다. 이때에 온도가 37 ℃ 이상 올라가지 않도록 한다. 반응 시간은 96시간 동안으로 하여 충분히 산처리를 하여준다. 산처리된 그래파이트는 과량을 물로 희석하여 준 후 여과를 통하여 걸러주고 6번 수세를 통하여 pH를 6.7 이상으로 조절해준다. 상기 방법으로 획득한 그래파이트는 열처리 전에 24시간 동안의 진공건조를 통하여 건조시켜 준다. 건조된 시료는 1050 ℃의 용광로에서 30초간 열처리하여 팽창시킴으로써 박리된 그래파이트인 그래핀(graphene)을 제조하였다.
In a cooling bath, 20 g of natural graphite, 320 mL of sulfuric acid and 180 mL of nitric acid are added and stirred. When stirring, lower the temperature sufficiently below 20 ℃, and then slowly add 220g of potassium chlorate little by little. At this time, the temperature should not rise above 37 ℃. The reaction time is 96 hours, and the acid treatment is sufficiently performed. Acid treated graphite is diluted with water and filtered through filtration, and the pH is adjusted to 6.7 or more through 6 washes. The graphite obtained by the above method is dried by vacuum drying for 24 hours before heat treatment. The dried sample was heat-treated in a 1050 ° C. furnace for 30 seconds to expand, thereby preparing graphene (graphene) that was exfoliated graphite.

실시예 1~8 및 비교예 1Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1

폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체는 표 1에 기재된 바와 같이 다양한 중량의 그래핀을 PTT 고분자와 용융혼합하여 제조하였다. 먼저 표 1에 기재된 비율로 준비한 그래핀과 PTT 단독고분자를 믹서기로 충분히 섞어준 후 용융혼련기를 통하여 250 ~ 270 ℃의 온도범위에서 행한 후 0.1 mmHg의 고진공 상태에서 24시간 동안 상온건조하였다. 건조하여 얻은 고분자 PTT/graphene 분말시료들을 가열프레스를 이용하여 270 ℃ 에서 3분간 녹인 후, 0 ℃로 급냉시켜 0.2 mm의 균일한 두께를 가진 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 필름으로 제조하였다.Polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) composites were prepared by melt mixing various weights of graphene with PTT polymer as shown in Table 1. First, the graphene and PTT homopolymers prepared in the ratios shown in Table 1 were sufficiently mixed with a blender, and then subjected to a kneading mixer at a temperature range of 250 to 270 ° C., followed by drying at room temperature for 24 hours at a high vacuum of 0.1 mmHg. The polymer PTT / graphene powder samples obtained by drying were melted at 270 ° C. for 3 minutes using a heating press, and then quenched to 0 ° C. to form polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) film having a uniform thickness of 0.2 mm. It was prepared by.

PTT (wt%)PTT (wt%) 그래핀 (wt%)Graphene (wt%) 비교예1Comparative Example 1 100.0100.0 0.00.0 실시예1Example 1 99.999.9 0.10.1 실시예2Example 2 99.799.7 0.30.3 실시예3Example 3 99.599.5 0.50.5 실시예4Example 4 99.399.3 0.70.7 실시예5Example 5 99.099.0 1.01.0 실시예6Example 6 97.097.0 3.03.0 실시예7Example 7 95.095.0 5.05.0 실시예8Example 8 93.093.0 7.07.0

시험예 1-저장탄성률 분석Test Example 1-Storage Modulus Analysis

폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체 필름의 기계적 물성인 저장탄성율을 측정하여 도 1에 나타내었다. 저장탄성률은 동적기계적 물성측정 장치(dynamic mechanical analyzer, DMA)를 사용하여 측정하였다. 도 1에 나타난 바와 같이, 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PTT) 단독고분자의 저장탄성률(storage modulus)는 약 3.71 GPa인 반면, 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체의 경우 그래핀 함량이 증가함에 따라 복합체의 저장탄성률가 증가하였다. 그래핀 함량이 1.0 wt%(실시예 5)일 경우 복합체의 저장탄성률이 4.42 GPa로 약 19% 증가하였으며, 그래핀 함량 7.0 wt%(실시예 8)에서는 5.84 GPa으로 약 57% 향상된 기계적 물성을 보였다.
The storage modulus of mechanical properties of the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) composite film was measured and shown in FIG. 1. Storage modulus was measured using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). As shown in FIG. 1, the storage modulus of the polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) homopolymer is about 3.71 GPa, whereas the graphene content is in the case of the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) complex. With this increase, the storage modulus of the composite increased. When the graphene content is 1.0 wt% (Example 5), the storage modulus of the composite is increased by about 19% to 4.42 GPa, and the mechanical properties of the graphene content is increased by about 57% to 5.84 GPa at 7.0 wt% (Example 8). Seemed.

시험예 2-열안정성 측정Test Example 2-Measurement of Thermal Stability

폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체의 열안정성을 측정하여 도 2 및 표 2에 나타내었다. 열안정성 측정은 열중량분석기(thermogravimetric analyzer, TGA)를 이용하여 질소(도 2a) 및 산소(도 2b) 존재 하에서 실험하였다. 도 2와 표 2에 나타난 바와 같이, PTT 단독고분자는 각각 질소와 산소 기류조건에서 428.5와 421.2℃에서 30%의 중량 감소를 나타내었다. 하지만 1.0 wt%의 비교적 적은 그래핀(graphene) 함량을 갖는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체(실시예 5)의 경우 30 wt%의 중량 감소가 일어나는 온도는 질소와 산소 기류조건에서 각각 PTT 단독고분자보다 약 4℃와 7℃이상 높았다. 7 wt%의 그래핀을 함유한 복합체(실시예 8)의 경우는 질소와 산소 조건에서 PTT 단독고분자보다 각각 7℃와 14℃정도 높은 온도에서 30 wt%의 중량감소가 일어났다.Thermal stability of the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) composite was measured and shown in FIG. 2 and Table 2. FIG. Thermostability measurements were performed in the presence of nitrogen (FIG. 2A) and oxygen (FIG. 2B) using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). As shown in Figure 2 and Table 2, the PTT homopolymer showed a weight loss of 30% at 428.5 and 421.2 ° C under nitrogen and oxygen airflow conditions, respectively. However, for polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) composites (Example 5) having a relatively low graphene content of 1.0 wt%, the temperature at which the weight loss of 30 wt% occurs is nitrogen and oxygen airflow. Under the conditions, it was about 4 ℃ and 7 ℃ higher than the PTT single polymer, respectively. In the case of the composite containing 7 wt% of graphene (Example 8), a weight loss of 30 wt% occurred at a temperature of about 7 ° C. and 14 ° C. higher than PTT single polymer under nitrogen and oxygen conditions, respectively.

No.No. 그래핀 (wt%)Graphene (wt%) 30 wt%의 중량감소가 일어나는 열분해온도, T30% (℃)Pyrolysis temperature at 30 wt% weight loss, T 30% (℃) 질소(N2) 조건Nitrogen (N 2 ) Condition 산소(O2) 조건Oxygen (O 2 ) Conditions 실시예1Example 1 0.10.1 430.8430.8 423.6423.6 실시예2Example 2 0.30.3 431.8431.8 425.7425.7 실시예3Example 3 0.50.5 432.0432.0 426.5426.5 실시예4Example 4 0.70.7 432.0432.0 428.1428.1 실시예5Example 5 1.01.0 432.6432.6 428.5428.5 실시예6Example 6 3.03.0 432.7432.7 432.8432.8 실시예7Example 7 5.05.0 433.6433.6 435.6435.6 실시예8Example 8 7.07.0 435.4435.4 435.4435.4 비교예1Comparative Example 1 0.00.0 428.5428.5 421.2421.2

시험예 3 - 전기전도성 측정Test Example 3-Conductivity Measurement

폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체의 전기 전도성을 측정하여 도 3에 나타내었다. 복합체의 전기전도성은 고저항 측정기를 이용하여 측정하였다. 도 3에 나타낸 바와 같이, PTT 단독고분자 필름은 ~1016 Ω·cm 정도의 높은 전기저항값을 나타낸다. 하지만 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체 필름의 경우 그래핀 함량에 3~5 wt% 사이에서 급격하게 낮은 전기저항값을 나타내며, 그래핀 함량이 7 wt%일 경우(실시예 7)에는 ~106 Ω·cm의 낮은 전기저항을 나타낸다. The electrical conductivity of the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) composite was measured and shown in FIG. 3. The electrical conductivity of the composite was measured using a high resistance meter. As shown in FIG. 3, the PTT homopolymer film exhibits a high electrical resistance value of about 10 16 Pa · cm. However, in the case of polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) composite film, the graphene content shows a sharply low electrical resistance value between 3 and 5 wt%, and the graphene content is 7 wt% (Example 7) shows a low electrical resistance of ˜10 6 Ω · cm.

본 발명에서 제시하는 방법에 따라 제조된 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀(PTT/graphene) 복합체는 상기 시험예의 결과로부터 입증되듯이 기존의 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트 단독고분자보다 우수한 기계적 물성, 열안정성, 전기전도성을 가진다. 따라서 필름, 섬유, 플라스틱 등 다양한 분야에서 유용하게 적용될 수 있다. Polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene (PTT / graphene) composite prepared according to the method proposed in the present invention has excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability, superior to conventional polytrimethylene terephthalate homopolymer, as evidenced from the results of the test example It has electrical conductivity. Therefore, it can be usefully applied in various fields such as film, fiber, plastic.

Claims (5)

천연그래파이트를 산처리 및 열처리하여 제조된 그래핀과 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트를 용융혼합 또는 용액혼합하여 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체를 제조하는 방법.Method of producing a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite by melting or solution mixing the graphene and polytrimethylene terephthalate prepared by acid treatment and heat treatment of natural graphite. 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 복합체에서 그래핀 함량은 복합체 총중량대비 0.01~50.0중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 제조방법.
The method according to claim 1,
Graphene content in the composite is a method for producing a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite, characterized in that 0.01 to 50.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the composite.
청구항 1에서 있어서,
상기 용융혼합은 240 내지 300 ℃의 온도에서 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 제조방법.
The method according to claim 1,
The melt mixing is a method for producing a polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite, characterized in that carried out at a temperature of 240 to 300 ℃.
청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 용액혼합은 20~150 ℃의 온도에서 페놀, o-클로로페놀, m-클로로페놀, 니트로벤젠, 페놀 및 사염화에탄으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 1종의 용매를 이용하여 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체의 제조방법.
The method according to claim 1,
The solution mixing is carried out using at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of phenol, o-chlorophenol, m-chlorophenol, nitrobenzene, phenol and ethane tetrachloride at a temperature of 20 ~ 150 ℃ Method for preparing trimethylene terephthalate / graphene complex.
청구항 1의 방법으로 제조된 폴리트리메틸렌 테레프탈레이트/그래핀 복합체를 포함하는 섬유, 필름 또는 플라스틱 제품.Fiber, film or plastic article comprising the polytrimethylene terephthalate / graphene composite prepared by the method of claim 1.
KR1020100042829A 2010-05-07 2010-05-07 Polytrimethylene terephthalate/Graphene Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Electrical Conductivity and Method for Preparing the Same KR101093056B1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012151433A3 (en) * 2011-05-03 2013-01-17 The Board Of Regents For Oklahoma State University Polyethylene terephthalate-graphene nanocomposites
CN103881336A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-06-25 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Adipic acid-terephthalic acid-butanediol ternary copolyester/graphene oxide composite material and preparation method thereof
PT107398B (en) * 2014-01-12 2018-06-26 Octavio Adolfo Romao Viana ETHYLENE AND POLYPHENEETALATE FILTER AND / OR GRAFFEN OXIDE

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US6998434B2 (en) 2001-02-05 2006-02-14 Toray Industries, Inc. Carbon fiber reinforced resin composition, molding compounds and molded products therefrom
JP4963831B2 (en) 2005-12-22 2012-06-27 昭和電工株式会社 Semiconductive structure, conductive and / or thermally conductive structure, method for producing the structure, and use thereof
CA2664993A1 (en) 2006-10-05 2008-04-17 Dic Corporation Fuel cell bipolar plate, and fuel cell

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012151433A3 (en) * 2011-05-03 2013-01-17 The Board Of Regents For Oklahoma State University Polyethylene terephthalate-graphene nanocomposites
PT107398B (en) * 2014-01-12 2018-06-26 Octavio Adolfo Romao Viana ETHYLENE AND POLYPHENEETALATE FILTER AND / OR GRAFFEN OXIDE
CN103881336A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-06-25 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Adipic acid-terephthalic acid-butanediol ternary copolyester/graphene oxide composite material and preparation method thereof

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