JPWO2013160949A1 - 空気調和装置 - Google Patents
空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2013160949A1 JPWO2013160949A1 JP2014512018A JP2014512018A JPWO2013160949A1 JP WO2013160949 A1 JPWO2013160949 A1 JP WO2013160949A1 JP 2014512018 A JP2014512018 A JP 2014512018A JP 2014512018 A JP2014512018 A JP 2014512018A JP WO2013160949 A1 JPWO2013160949 A1 JP WO2013160949A1
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical group FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical group CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/01—Timing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2104—Temperatures of an indoor room or compartment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また、冷凍サイクルが短時間で安定化するので、絞り装置を構成している電動式膨張弁を駆動する駆動部の変更量が減少するため、電動式膨張弁の摺動部の摩耗が抑えられ、信頼性の向上が図れる。
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
ΔHs=Cpg×ΔSHm (式1)
LP×(ΔHe+ΔHs)=(LP+ΔLP)×ΔHe (式2)
ΔLP=Cpg/ΔHe×LP×ΔSHm (式3)
図5のグラフ501は、縦軸が行過ぎ比であり、例えば、制御ゲイン比β、時定数τ、無駄時間DTを固定した場合、制御間隔CIが大きいほど、行過ぎ比が小さくなることを示している。
図7は、制御間隔CIを固定した場合の制御フローチャートである。まず、計測制御装置18にて制御間隔CIおよび過熱度目標値SHmをあらかじめ設定しておく(S1)。なお、過熱度目標値SHmは、冷凍サイクルの省エネ性から小さい値ほど省エネ効果が大きい。次に、計測部16にて、圧縮機3の過熱度SH、絞り装置7の現在の開度LPnowを計測する(S2)。次に、凝縮器内容積Vcond、圧縮機3の圧縮機周波数f、圧縮機3の押しのけ量Vstおよび圧縮機3の体積効率ηvの情報から、時定数演算手段20にて時定数τを推測する(S3)。なお、凝縮器内容積は、空調機の馬力比例なので、圧縮機の最大運転容量などからある程度推測でき、一方、圧縮機の押しのけ量も空調機の馬力からある程度推測可能である。
次に、制御定数演算手段21にて、制御ゲイン比βを制御間隔CI、整定時間最小固有パラメータξm(固有値)、時定数τおよび無駄時間DTを用いて演算する(S4)。ここで、無駄時間DTは、ほぼ0であるため、固定値としてあらかじめ設定しておいてもよい。次に、前回の絞り装置7の操作後から制御間隔CI以上経過しているかを判定する(S5)。経過していれば、制御定数演算手段21にて、応答ゲインK∞(=Cpg/Δhe×LPnow)を、冷凍サイクルの運転状態からえた各値を基に演算する(S6)。次に、制御定数演算手段21にて、制御ゲインK(=β×K∞)を演算する(S7)。次に、過熱度SHの目標過熱度SHmとの偏差ΔSHm(=SH−SHm)を演算する(S8)。次に、制御定数変更手段22にて、制御ゲインKを変更し、変更した制御ゲインKと偏差ΔSHmとを掛け合わせて、絞り装置7の開度変更量ΔLP=K×ΔSHmを演算する(S9)。次に、現在の絞り装置7の開度LPnowに開度変更量ΔLPを足し合わせ、絞り開度LP=LPnow+ΔLPを演算し、絞り装置制御手段23にて絞り装置7の開度を、演算した絞り開度LPに設定する(S10)。
また、制御量である冷凍サイクルの状態量を過熱度SHとしたが、圧縮機3の吐出側冷媒温度(温度センサ43の検出温度)または室外熱交換器9出口の過冷却度SCについても、計測制御装置18にあらかじめ設定されている値を変更することにより同様に実施でき、本発明の域を脱するものではない。
Claims (7)
- 負荷側熱交換器で構成された1つ以上の負荷側ユニットと、圧縮機、熱源側熱交換器、および絞り装置を備えた熱源側ユニットとを接続し、それらの間に冷媒を循環させることで冷凍サイクルを形成する空気調和装置であって、
前記空気調和装置の前記冷凍サイクルの運転状態量を計測する計測部と、
前記冷凍サイクルを構成する圧縮機の仕様、凝縮器熱交換器の仕様、および前記冷凍サイクルの運転状態量を基に、前記絞り装置の開度変更時の応答時定数を推測する時定数演算手段と、前記時定数演算手段の演算結果および、前記計測部の計測結果に基づき、前記絞り装置の開度の制御ゲインもしくは制御間隔の少なくとも1つの値を演算する制御定数演算手段と、前記制御定数演算手段の演算結果をもとに制御ゲインもしくは制御間隔を変更する制御定数変更手段と、前記制御定数に基づき前記絞り装置の開度を変更する絞り装置制御手段とで構成された制御部と、
を備えた空気調和装置。 - 前記制御間隔は、前記時定数演算手段にて演算される応答時定数の3倍以下になるように設定される請求項1に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記時定数演算手段において応答時定数を推測する際に、前記圧縮機の運転周波数の情報が利用される請求項1または2に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記時定数演算手段において応答時定数を推測する際に、前記熱源側熱交換器の内容積、前記負荷側熱交換器の内容積、および前記圧縮機の押しのけ量のうち少なくとも1つの情報が利用される請求項3に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記時定数演算手段において応答時定数を推測する際に、前記圧縮機の体積効率が利用され、前記体積効率を前記圧縮機の吐出圧力、吸入圧力および運転周波数から推測することを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記時定数演算手段で推定する前記応答時定数は、
整定時間が最小値となる固有値=(前記制御間隔/前記制御ゲイン比)/(前記応答時定数+無駄時間)の関係を満たし、
前記整定時間は、制御目標の対象が制御目標値を中心として所定範囲内に収まるまでの時間、
前記ゲイン比は、前記制御ゲインを一回の操作で制御目標値に到達するための前記制御目標対象の応答ゲインで割った値、
前記無駄時間は、前記絞り装置に対する開度変更指令発信時点から前記制御目標対象に変化が現れるまでの時間、
であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記無駄時間をゼロとみなして前記応答時定数を推定する請求項6に記載の空気調和装置。
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PCT/JP2012/002857 WO2013160949A1 (ja) | 2012-04-26 | 2012-04-26 | 空気調和装置 |
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JPWO2013160949A1 true JPWO2013160949A1 (ja) | 2015-12-21 |
JP5932979B2 JP5932979B2 (ja) | 2016-06-08 |
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US (1) | US9976766B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2863138B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5932979B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104254742B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2012378582B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013160949A1 (ja) |
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MX364025B (es) * | 2013-03-26 | 2019-04-11 | Aaim Controls Inc | Sistema de control de circuito de refrigeracion. |
US20160153686A1 (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2016-06-02 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Air-conditioning apparatus |
WO2015136651A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
US11162705B2 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-11-02 | Hitachi-Johnson Controls Air Conditioning, Inc | Refrigeration cycle control |
JP7216309B2 (ja) * | 2021-05-07 | 2023-02-01 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
CN113959080B (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-25 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | 用于空调机组的电子膨胀阀的控制方法 |
US12013161B2 (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2024-06-18 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Method of operating an electronic expansion valve in an air conditioner unit |
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CN104254742A (zh) | 2014-12-31 |
WO2013160949A1 (ja) | 2013-10-31 |
US20150052922A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
US9976766B2 (en) | 2018-05-22 |
EP2863138A4 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
EP2863138A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
AU2012378582B2 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
AU2012378582A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
EP2863138B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
JP5932979B2 (ja) | 2016-06-08 |
CN104254742B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
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