JPS6297258A - Enclosed nickel-zinc battery - Google Patents
Enclosed nickel-zinc batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6297258A JPS6297258A JP60237138A JP23713885A JPS6297258A JP S6297258 A JPS6297258 A JP S6297258A JP 60237138 A JP60237138 A JP 60237138A JP 23713885 A JP23713885 A JP 23713885A JP S6297258 A JPS6297258 A JP S6297258A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid holding
- nonwoven fabric
- fiber diameter
- paper
- cycle life
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は可搬用或は電気自動車用の電源として用いられ
る密閉形ニッケル・亜鉛蓄電池に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The present invention relates to a sealed nickel-zinc storage battery used as a power source for portable or electric vehicles.
従来技術とその間０点
ニッケル・亜鉛蓄電池は高エネルギー密度、高出力特性
を有している。Between the prior art and the zero-point nickel-zinc storage battery, it has high energy density and high output characteristics.
しかしながらＺｎの溶解度が高いために、充電時Ｚｎの
デンドライトが成長し、セパレータの貫通ショートを起
し、或は形状変化のために利用率の低下を招き、これら
によりサイクル寿命が低下していた。However, due to the high solubility of Zn, dendrites of Zn grow during charging, causing short-circuits through the separator or changes in shape, leading to a decrease in utilization rate, resulting in a decrease in cycle life.
従来この形状変化の軽減のためＺｎ＆へのＢｉ２Ｏ５等
種々の金Ｆｔ４酸化物の添加、或は保液紙の材質−厚み
等の検討がなされ、種々の提案がなされている。Conventionally, in order to reduce this shape change, various proposals have been made, including the addition of various gold Ft4 oxides such as Bi2O5 to Zn&, and the material and thickness of liquid-retaining paper.
この内、金属酸化物の添加は、物により効果が見られる
ものの、その効果の程度は無添加と比較して数割程度の
改善にすぎず又、反面自己放電量を大きくする欠点を有
していた。Among these, the addition of metal oxides is effective depending on the material, but the degree of effect is only a few tenths of an improvement compared to no addition, and on the other hand, it has the disadvantage of increasing the amount of self-discharge. was.
ダリプ胃ピレンの従来の繊維径を有するものは、電解液
の保持率が弱く、形状変化を軽減する程度が小さく、寿
命特性改良も少なかった。Darip gastric pyrene having the conventional fiber diameter had a weak electrolyte retention rate, a small degree of reduction in shape change, and little improvement in life characteristics.
発明の目的
本発明は上記に鑑みなされたものであり、その目的とす
るところは、サイクル寿命を改良した密閉形ニッケル・
亜鉛蓄電池を提供することである。OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above, and its object is to provide a sealed type nickel metal with improved cycle life.
To provide a zinc storage battery.
発明の構成
即、本発明は上記の目的を達成するべく、保液量として
平均繊維径０．５〜５μｍのポリプロピレン不繊布を用
いたものである。これにより保液紙中の電解液量を多く
保持し、かつ充電末期に正極から発生する酸素ガスを不
織布の面方向に沿って、極板中央付近まで拡散すること
が出来るので、Ｚｎの酸素ガス吸収を極板の全面におい
て可能とした。Structure of the Invention In other words, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses a polypropylene nonwoven fabric having an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 5 μm as a liquid retaining amount. This makes it possible to maintain a large amount of electrolyte in the liquid-retaining paper and to diffuse the oxygen gas generated from the positive electrode at the end of charging along the surface direction of the nonwoven fabric to near the center of the electrode plate. Absorption is possible over the entire surface of the electrode plate.
従来のＺｎ極では周縁部のみにガス吸収が起り、生じた
ジンケートイオンがその元の位置よりも少し内側にＺｎ
として析出し、形状変化を増大させていたのに比べて、
形状変化を大巾に紗和することが出来る。In conventional Zn electrodes, gas absorption occurs only at the periphery, and the generated zincate ions move Zn slightly inside their original positions.
Compared to the previous case, which precipitated as
It is possible to make large changes in shape.
実施例 以下に本発明の詳細につき、一実施例により説明する。Example The details of the present invention will be explained below using one example.
本発明の電池は、焼結式又はペースト式正極板、シート
式又はペースト式負極板よりなる公称容量１０ムｈの密
閉形ニッケル・亜鉛蓄電池である。第１図は本発明の電
池の水平断面図である。The battery of the present invention is a sealed nickel-zinc storage battery with a nominal capacity of 10 μh, comprising a sintered or paste-type positive electrode plate and a sheet-type or paste-type negative electrode plate. FIG. 1 is a horizontal sectional view of the battery of the present invention.
１はニッケルシンターＭ［或！ｆ、ニッケ／Ｌ／ヘース
ト式極板からなる正極板、２は亜鉛極で亜鉛粉末及び酸
化亜鉛粉末をポリ四弗化エチレン樹脂でシート化したも
の、或はペースト化したものを銅又銀集電体に付着させ
たものであり、３は七パレータとしての微孔ポリプルピ
レン膜、或はグラ７トポリエチレン膜であり、各１〜３
重又は組合わせたものであり、４は正極板又は負極板に
接した本発明に係わる保液紙であり、５は電槽である。1 is nickel sinter M [or! f, positive electrode plate consisting of a nickel/L/Hest type electrode plate; 2 is a zinc electrode made of zinc powder and zinc oxide powder made into a sheet or a paste made of polytetrafluoroethylene resin; 3 is a microporous polypropylene membrane or a glass 7 polyethylene membrane as a 7-parameter, and 1 to 3 each are attached to an electric body.
4 is a liquid retaining paper according to the present invention in contact with the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate, and 5 is a battery case.
電解液は比重１．３０〜１．４０の水酸化カリウムを主
体とする水溶液であり、正極、負極、七パレータ、保液
紙の全空蹟の９０〜９５％を満たす液量を注入する。The electrolytic solution is an aqueous solution mainly composed of potassium hydroxide with a specific gravity of 1.30 to 1.40, and is injected in an amount that fills 90 to 95% of the total voids of the positive electrode, negative electrode, seven pallets, and liquid retaining paper.
第２図にポリプロピレン不織布の平均繊維径と電解液保
持率とその時の通気度の実測値の関係を示した。目付１
１４０ ’／ｎｆのポリプロピレン不織布の平均繊維径
について測定した。５μｍより太い繊維径では保液率が
ｔ！＠端に悪くなる。FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the average fiber diameter of the polypropylene nonwoven fabric, the electrolyte retention rate, and the measured value of air permeability at that time. Weight 1
The average fiber diameter of the polypropylene nonwoven fabric was measured at 140'/nf. For fiber diameters larger than 5 μm, the liquid retention rate is t! @It gets worse in the end.
一方、形状変化に影響子る要因である酸素ガス通気度は
、０．５μｍより結い繊維径では５ＣＣ／Ｃｒ１．ｓｅ
ｃ以下となる。この通気度測定は、電解液保液率９０％
においての測定値であり、実用電池における通気性その
ものではないが、傾向としては一致するものである。保
液率、通気度の両者よりポリプロピレン不織布の繊維径
は０．５μｍより５μｍまでの間が適切である。On the other hand, the oxygen gas permeability, which is a factor that influences shape change, is 5CC/Cr1. se
c or less. This air permeability measurement shows that the electrolyte retention rate is 90%.
These are the measured values for the air permeability of practical batteries, and although they are not the actual values of air permeability in practical batteries, they are similar in tendency. In view of both liquid retention rate and air permeability, the fiber diameter of the polypropylene nonwoven fabric is suitably between 0.5 μm and 5 μm.
第３図に各々繊維径のポリプロピレン不織布のＡは平均
繊維径１．０μｓ、Ｂは平均繊維径５μ陶、Ｃは平均繊
維径１０μｍ１Ｄは平均繊維径５ａｐｓを用いた電池の
放電深度１００％におけるサイクル寿命勢性を示した。Figure 3 shows the cycle at 100% depth of discharge of a battery using polypropylene nonwoven fabrics with fiber diameters A, B, 5 μs, average fiber diameter 10 μs, D, 5 aps, respectively. It showed longevity trend.
尚、Ｆは繊維径が３０μｍのセルロース系不織布を用い
た電池である。繊維径の細い方がサイクル寿命特性が良
好であり、すなわち形状変化は少ない。Σのセルロース
系不織布を用いた電池は、電解液により膨潤し酸素ガス
透過性が＆端に悪くなるのでサイクル寿命が短い。Ｅは
同−目付量、同一平均繊維径でも形状変化が大きくなる
ことが分り、酸素ガスう過性の重要性を示している。Note that F is a battery using cellulose nonwoven fabric with a fiber diameter of 30 μm. The smaller the fiber diameter, the better the cycle life characteristics, that is, the smaller the change in shape. Batteries using Σ cellulose nonwoven fabrics swell with the electrolyte and have extremely poor oxygen gas permeability, resulting in short cycle life. It was found that E shows a large change in shape even with the same basis weight and the same average fiber diameter, indicating the importance of oxygen gas permeability.
一方、繊維径が細かくなる程コストは高くなり、又不織
布自体の強度が弱くかつ表面の毛ば立ちが多くなり取扱
いが困難となる。On the other hand, the finer the fiber diameter, the higher the cost, and the strength of the nonwoven fabric itself is weaker and the surface becomes more fluffy, making it difficult to handle.
上記を総合して、平均繊維径は０．５〜５μｍが適切で
ある。Taking all the above into account, it is appropriate that the average fiber diameter is 0.5 to 5 μm.
発明の効果
上述した如く、本発明ではサイクル寿命を改良したニッ
ケル・亜鉛蓄電池を提供することができるので、その工
業的価値は極めて大である。Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention can provide a nickel-zinc storage battery with improved cycle life, and therefore has extremely great industrial value.
第１図は本発明の電池の水平断面図、第２図はポリプロ
ピレン不織布の平均繊維径と電解液保液率と通気度の関
係を示した図、第３図は本発明電池と従来品とのサイク
ル寿命特性図である。Figure 1 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the battery of the present invention, Figure 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the average fiber diameter of the polypropylene nonwoven fabric, electrolyte retention rate, and air permeability, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the battery of the present invention and a conventional product. FIG. 3 is a cycle life characteristic diagram.
Claims (1)
タを設けた電池において、保液紙が平均繊維径０．５〜
５μｍのポリプロピレン不繊布からなることを特徴とす
る密閉形ニッケル・亜鉛蓄電池。In a battery in which liquid-retaining paper is arranged on the positive and negative electrode surfaces and a separator is provided on the liquid-retaining paper surface, the liquid-retaining paper has an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to
A sealed nickel-zinc storage battery characterized by being made of 5μm polypropylene nonwoven fabric.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60237138A JPS6297258A (en) | 1985-10-23 | 1985-10-23 | Enclosed nickel-zinc battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60237138A JPS6297258A (en) | 1985-10-23 | 1985-10-23 | Enclosed nickel-zinc battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6297258A true JPS6297258A (en) | 1987-05-06 |
| JPH0481305B2 JPH0481305B2 (en) | 1992-12-22 |
Family
ID=17010965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60237138A Granted JPS6297258A (en) | 1985-10-23 | 1985-10-23 | Enclosed nickel-zinc battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6297258A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04179048A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-06-25 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Ni-zn battery |
| JP2016126842A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Electrode and battery configured by using the same |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5590078A (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1980-07-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ni-zn battery |
-
1985
- 1985-10-23 JP JP60237138A patent/JPS6297258A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5590078A (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1980-07-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ni-zn battery |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04179048A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-06-25 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Ni-zn battery |
| JP2016126842A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Electrode and battery configured by using the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0481305B2 (en) | 1992-12-22 |
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