JPS6217749B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6217749B2 JPS6217749B2 JP56085374A JP8537481A JPS6217749B2 JP S6217749 B2 JPS6217749 B2 JP S6217749B2 JP 56085374 A JP56085374 A JP 56085374A JP 8537481 A JP8537481 A JP 8537481A JP S6217749 B2 JPS6217749 B2 JP S6217749B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transport layer
- charge transport
- charge
- solvent
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 55
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 polycyclic aromatic compound Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N coronene Chemical compound C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C4C3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C2C3=C1 VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 2
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBDYKGMNMDIHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 JBDYKGMNMDIHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFSIHROQZLYJMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dinitro-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JFSIHROQZLYJMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNIDKXOANSRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-trinitrofluoren-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C([N+](=O)[O-])C([N+]([O-])=O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)C3=CC2=C1 FKNIDKXOANSRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWWQNDLIYXEFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrofluoren-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)C3=CC2=C1 JWWQNDLIYXEFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFNVQNRYTPFDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanopyridine Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=N1 FFNVQNRYTPFDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMXDVBRYDYFVGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound COC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O FMXDVBRYDYFVGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGFOZLCWAHRUAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrofluoren-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C(=O)C3=CC2=C1 FGFOZLCWAHRUAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004419 Panlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UATJOMSPNYCXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 UATJOMSPNYCXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHXFKXOIODIUJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 BHXFKXOIODIUJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJQBHOAJJGIPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl cyanide Chemical compound N#CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJQBHOAJJGIPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LAQPNDIUHRHNCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC(C#N)=C1 LAQPNDIUHRHNCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical compound C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pibenzimol Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1C1=CC=C(N=C(N2)C=3C=C4NC(=NC4=CC=3)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C2=C1 INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QNFCBQVDIQELAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline;cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-].N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 QNFCBQVDIQELAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoethylene Chemical group N#CC(C#N)=C(C#N)C#N NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0622—Heterocyclic compounds
- G03G5/0644—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings
- G03G5/0661—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings in different ring systems, each system containing at least one hetero ring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0664—Dyes
- G03G5/0666—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group
- G03G5/0668—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group containing only one methine or polymethine group
- G03G5/067—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group containing only one methine or polymethine group containing hetero rings
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は積層型電子写真感光体の製造方法に関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor.
有機光導電物質は無機光導電物質に比べて感度
が低いため、いくつかの増感方法が考案されてい
るが、効果的な方法は露光により電荷担体を発生
する電荷発生層と、電荷担体を輸送する能力を持
つ電荷輸送層とを組み合わせることである。 Since organic photoconductive materials have lower sensitivity than inorganic photoconductive materials, several sensitization methods have been devised, but an effective method is to use a charge-generating layer that generates charge carriers upon exposure to light, and a charge-generating layer that generates charge carriers when exposed to light. It is combined with a charge transport layer that has the ability to transport charges.
このような方法による積層型電子写真感光体と
しては例えばアルミニウム蒸着フイルム等の導電
性支持体上にβ型銅フタロシアニン顔料〜スチレ
ン・ブタジエン樹脂分散層の上にオキサジアゾー
ルをポリエステル樹脂中に溶解せしめた電荷輸送
層を積層せしめたものが知られている。このよう
な積層型感光体は一般の単層型感光体と同様、帯
電、画像状露光及び現像を基本工程とするカール
ソンプロセスにより画像を形成することができ
る。 A laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor made by such a method includes, for example, a conductive support such as an aluminum vapor-deposited film, a β-type copper phthalocyanine pigment to a styrene-butadiene resin dispersion layer, and an oxadiazole dissolved in a polyester resin. A device in which charge transport layers are laminated is known. Similar to a general single-layer photoreceptor, such a laminated photoreceptor can form an image using the Carlson process, which has basic steps of charging, imagewise exposure, and development.
積層型感光体の構成としては、電荷輸送層のよ
うに電荷発生層を積層する場合と、その反対の場
合があるが、本発明は、前者の構成のものについ
て特に高感度な感光体の製造方法を提供すること
を主たる目的とする。 Laminated photoreceptors may have a structure in which a charge generation layer is laminated like a charge transport layer, or the opposite.The present invention is directed to the production of a photoreceptor with particularly high sensitivity in the former structure. The main purpose is to provide a method.
本発明による電荷輸送層および電荷発生層の積
層を有する電子写真感光体の製造方法において、
電荷発生層に対して溶解性を有する溶剤中に電荷
発生層形成材料を含有させて電荷輸送層上にスプ
レー塗布することを特徴とするものである。 In the method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a stack of a charge transport layer and a charge generation layer according to the present invention,
The method is characterized in that the material for forming the charge generation layer is contained in a solvent that is soluble in the charge generation layer, and the material is spray coated onto the charge transport layer.
即ち、電荷輸送層上に電荷発生層を形成させた
構成の感光体では電荷発生層から輸送層への電荷
担体の注入が低下するために感度が劣る傾向があ
るが、本発明においては電荷担体の注入性に関し
て種々の実験を行つた結果、電荷発生層を塗布し
た際に電荷輸送層の表面が電荷発生層の溶剤によ
つて膨潤あるいは相溶するような溶剤を用いると
良いことが判明したので、電荷発生層を形成する
溶剤を電荷輸送層に対して溶解性を有する溶剤、
例えば、電荷輸送層の形成溶剤と同一または異る
が溶解せしめる溶剤を用いたものである。また、
このような溶剤を用いて電荷輸送層上に電荷発生
層を塗布した場合、電荷輸送層が溶出するような
ことがあると、特性の低下が大きい。そのため、
溶出させないように塗布することが重要で、その
方法としてはスプレーによる塗布方法が適してお
り、本発明の特徴とするところである。スプレー
法は塗液を空気と共に吹き付けるわけであり、被
塗布物に付着してから比較的短時間に溶剤が蒸発
するのであるから、溶剤が下地に影響を与えるこ
となく、感度の向上効果がもたらされる。 That is, a photoreceptor having a structure in which a charge generation layer is formed on a charge transport layer tends to have poor sensitivity because the injection of charge carriers from the charge generation layer to the transport layer decreases; however, in the present invention, the charge carriers are As a result of conducting various experiments regarding the injection properties of the charge generating layer, it was found that it is best to use a solvent that causes the surface of the charge transport layer to swell with or be compatible with the charge generating layer solvent when the charge generating layer is applied. Therefore, the solvent for forming the charge generation layer is a solvent that is soluble in the charge transport layer.
For example, a solvent which is the same as or different from the solvent used to form the charge transport layer but which dissolves the charge transport layer is used. Also,
When a charge generation layer is coated on a charge transport layer using such a solvent, if the charge transport layer is eluted, the characteristics will be significantly deteriorated. Therefore,
It is important to apply the coating without elution, and a spray coating method is suitable for this purpose, which is a feature of the present invention. In the spray method, the coating liquid is sprayed with air, and the solvent evaporates in a relatively short time after it adheres to the object to be coated, so the solvent does not affect the underlying surface and has the effect of improving sensitivity. It can be done.
電荷発生物質としては、例えば、スーダンレツ
ド、ダイアンブルーなどのアゾ顔料、アルコール
イエロー、ピノンキノンなどのキノン顔料、イン
ジゴ、チオインジコなどのインジゴ顔料、銅フタ
ロシアニンなどのフタロシアニン顔料、ビスベン
ゾイミダゾール顔料、キナクドリン顔料等が挙げ
られる。 Examples of the charge generating substance include azo pigments such as Sudan Red and Diane Blue, quinone pigments such as alcohol yellow and pinon quinone, indigo pigments such as indigo and thioindico, phthalocyanine pigments such as copper phthalocyanine, bisbenzimidazole pigments, quinacridine pigments, etc. Can be mentioned.
また、電荷輸送層としては、一般には、主鎖ま
たは側鎖にアントラセン、ピレン、フエナントレ
ン、コロネンなどの多環芳香族化合物、あるいは
インドール、カルバゾール、オキサゾール、イソ
オキサゾール、チアゾール、イミダゾール、ピラ
ゾール、オキサジアゾール、などの含窒素環式化
合物を有する化合物が用いられる。これらは電子
供与性物質であり、電荷輸送層上に電荷発生層を
形成した感光体は正帯電で使用される。正帯電は
負帯電に比べてコロナ放電が安定している、オゾ
ンの発生が少ない、適合する現像剤の製造が容
易、等の理由により、正帯電の方が好都合であ
る。 In addition, the charge transport layer generally contains a polycyclic aromatic compound such as anthracene, pyrene, phenanthrene, coronene, or indole, carbazole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, imidazole, pyrazole, or oxadiazole in the main chain or side chain. A compound having a nitrogen-containing cyclic compound such as azole is used. These are electron-donating substances, and a photoreceptor in which a charge generation layer is formed on a charge transport layer is used with positive charging. Positive charging is more convenient than negative charging for the following reasons: corona discharge is more stable, less ozone is generated, and compatible developers are easier to manufacture.
電荷輸送層を形成する電子受容性物質として
は、ニトロ基、ニトロソ基、シアノ基などの電子
受容性置換基を有する脂肪族環式化合物、芳香族
化合物、複素環式化合物などがあり、例えば、テ
トラシアノエチレン、トリニトロベンゼン、ジニ
トロアセトフエノン、トリニトロアニソール、テ
トラニトロナフタレン、テレフタロニトリル、イ
ソフタロニトリル、シアン化ベンゾイル、シアン
化キノリン、シアノピリジン、ニトロアントラセ
ン、ジニトロフルオレノン、トリニトロフルオレ
ノン、テトラニトロフルオレノン、テトラシアノ
ピレン等が挙げられる。電荷輸送層としては電子
供与性物質の方が好適である。 Examples of the electron-accepting substance forming the charge transport layer include aliphatic cyclic compounds, aromatic compounds, and heterocyclic compounds having an electron-accepting substituent such as a nitro group, a nitroso group, and a cyano group. Tetracyanoethylene, trinitrobenzene, dinitroacetophenone, trinitroanisole, tetranitronaphthalene, terephthalonitrile, isophthalonitrile, benzoyl cyanide, quinoline cyanide, cyanopyridine, nitroanthracene, dinitrofluorenone, trinitrofluorenone, tetra Examples include nitrofluorenone and tetracyanopyrene. An electron-donating substance is more suitable for the charge transport layer.
本発明を更に詳しく説明すると、まず基本は金
属、紙、プラスチツク等を必要に応じて導電処
理、下引き処理などが施され、適切な形状で用い
られる。 To explain the present invention in more detail, first, metal, paper, plastic, etc. are subjected to conductive treatment, subbing treatment, etc. as necessary, and used in an appropriate shape.
この基本上に電荷輸送物質を、ポリエステル、
ポリメタクリル酸メチル、ポリスチレン、ポリ塩
化ビニル、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリアリレートなど
の樹脂、もしくはこれらの共重合樹脂を結着剤と
して溶液にして、塗布され、乾燥されて電荷輸送
層が形成される。電荷輸送物質と結着剤の比（重
量）は５：１〜１：２程度である。溶剤として
は、この両者を溶解させることが必要で、一般的
には、メチルエチルケトン、アセトン等のケトン
系、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル等のエステル系、ト
ルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素系、モノク
ロルベンゼン、ジクロルベンゼン、クロルトルエ
ン等の塩素化炭化水素などが用いられる。膜厚は
３〜20μ程度に形成される。 On top of this basic charge transport material, polyester,
A charge transport layer is formed by making a solution of a resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyarylate, or a copolymer resin thereof as a binder, applying it, and drying it. The ratio (weight) of the charge transport material to the binder is about 5:1 to 1:2. The solvent must be able to dissolve both, and generally includes ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and acetone, esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, and monochlorobenzene. , dichlorobenzene, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chlorotoluene, etc. are used. The film thickness is approximately 3 to 20 μm.
次に電荷発生層は、前述の電荷発生顔料を結着
剤と共に分散される。結着剤樹脂は電荷輸送層で
用いたものと同一のものでも良いし、異なるもの
でも良いし、二種以上を混合しても良い。樹脂
は、電気的特性、機械的特性、顔料分散性、安定
性、などを考慮して選択される。溶剤は電荷輸送
層形成に用いたものと同一、または、異なるけれ
ども溶解させるものを用いる。電荷発生顔料と結
着剤樹脂の比は５：１〜１：５程度特には２：１
〜１：４程度であり、分散には、ボールミル、振
動ボールミル、アトライター、サンドミル、ホモ
ジナイザー、コロイドミルなどの方法がとられ
る。分散液はさらに適度に稀釈され、スプレーに
より電荷輸送層上に塗布される。スプレーはガン
の種類、空気圧、塗布量、吹きつけ距離などが適
切に設定される。膜厚は0.1〜１μであり、薄い
と感度が低く、厚い場合には帯電電位が低下す
る。 The charge generating layer is then prepared by dispersing the charge generating pigment described above together with a binder. The binder resin may be the same as that used in the charge transport layer, or may be different, or two or more types may be mixed. The resin is selected in consideration of electrical properties, mechanical properties, pigment dispersibility, stability, and the like. The solvent used is the same as that used for forming the charge transport layer, or a different solvent that dissolves the charge transport layer. The ratio of charge-generating pigment to binder resin is about 5:1 to 1:5, especially 2:1.
The ratio is approximately 1:4, and methods such as a ball mill, vibrating ball mill, attritor, sand mill, homogenizer, and colloid mill are used for dispersion. The dispersion is further diluted appropriately and applied by spraying onto the charge transport layer. When spraying, the type of gun, air pressure, amount of application, spray distance, etc. are set appropriately. The film thickness is 0.1 to 1 μm, and if it is thin, the sensitivity will be low, and if it is thick, the charging potential will be reduced.
本発明によるように溶剤を選定した場合には電
荷輸送層と電荷発生層の界面は、互いにある程度
相溶するようになる。これにより電荷発生層から
電荷輸送層への電荷担体の搬送が損失なく行われ
るようになり、そうでないものに比べて、高感度
で暗減衰が少い感光体が得られる。 When the solvent is selected according to the present invention, the interface between the charge transport layer and the charge generation layer becomes compatible with each other to some extent. This allows charge carriers to be transported from the charge generation layer to the charge transport layer without loss, resulting in a photoreceptor with higher sensitivity and less dark decay than would otherwise be possible.
実施例 １
80φ×300mmのアルミニウムシリンダーにカゼ
インの下引き処理を施して基体とした。Example 1 An aluminum cylinder of 80φ x 300mm was subjected to casein undercoating treatment and used as a substrate.
次に
なる構造のピラゾリン化合物１部、ポカーボネー
ト樹脂（商品名：テイジンパンライト）１部、モ
ノクロルベンゼン10部より成る塗布液を用意し、
上記基体上に浸漬法で塗布し、100℃10分関乾燥
して、13μ厚の電荷輸送層を形成した。 next Prepare a coating solution consisting of 1 part of a pyrazoline compound with the following structure, 1 part of polycarbonate resin (trade name: Teijin Panlite), and 10 parts of monochlorobenzene.
It was coated onto the above substrate by a dipping method and dried at 100°C for 10 minutes to form a charge transport layer with a thickness of 13μ.
一方、銅フタロシアニン顔料（大日本インキ
製）１部、線状ポリエステル樹脂（商品名：バイ
ロン200・東洋紡績製）１部、シクロヘキサノン
10部より成る混合液をサンドミル装置にて１時間
処理し、顔料を分散させた。この液にさらにメチ
ルエチルケトンを10部加えて稀釈し、上記電荷輸
送層上にスプレーで塗布した。シクロヘキサノ
ン、メチルエチルケトンは電荷輸送層を溶解せし
める溶剤である。塗布条件はBinks社製のスプレ
ーガンを用い空気圧1.5Kg／cm2、ガンと基体との
距離３cm、塗布量８ml／分で基体を回転させなが
らガンを基体の長手方向に移動させながら吹き付
けた。その後80℃でよく乾燥させ、電荷発生層を
形成し、電子写真感光体とした。 On the other hand, 1 part of copper phthalocyanine pigment (manufactured by Dainippon Ink), 1 part of linear polyester resin (product name: Byron 200, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), cyclohexanone
The 10 parts mixture was processed in a sand mill for 1 hour to disperse the pigment. This solution was further diluted by adding 10 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and the solution was applied by spraying onto the charge transport layer. Cyclohexanone and methyl ethyl ketone are solvents that dissolve the charge transport layer. The coating conditions were as follows: using a spray gun manufactured by Binks, the air pressure was 1.5 kg/cm 2 , the distance between the gun and the substrate was 3 cm, and the coating amount was 8 ml/min, while the substrate was being rotated and the gun was being moved in the longitudinal direction of the substrate. Thereafter, it was thoroughly dried at 80° C. to form a charge generation layer, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor was obtained.
この感光体を用い、＋6.2KV帯電、画像露光、
乾式トナー現像、普通紙への転写、フアーブラシ
クリーニング処理、から成る電子写真複写機にて
画像を見たところ、良好なるコピーが得られた。
また、特性を測定すると、帯電電位560V、電位
が半減する露光強度6.8ルツクス・秒（これを感
度とする。）であつた。 Using this photoreceptor, +6.2KV charging, image exposure,
When the image was viewed on an electrophotographic copying machine consisting of dry toner development, transfer to plain paper, and fur brush cleaning, good copies were obtained.
Further, when the characteristics were measured, the charging potential was 560 V, and the exposure intensity was 6.8 lux·sec, which halved the potential (this is considered the sensitivity).
この感光体と比較するため、本発明によらない
製造方法で感光体を製造した。すなわち、電荷輸
送層は同一であるが、電荷発生層として、顔料は
同じ銅フタロシアニン１部を用い、結着剤として
ポリブタジエン樹脂（日本合成ゴム社製）１部、
溶剤としてリグロイン20部を用い、やはりサンド
ミル処理をして分散して、スプレー塗布して電荷
発生層を形成し、感光体とした。これを上記複写
機に用いたところ、帯電電位は約500Vで立ち上
がる傾向であり、感度は15ルツクス・秒程度と遅
くなり、画像を見ると、白地にカブリを多く生じ
ており、明らかに劣るものであつた。 For comparison with this photoreceptor, a photoreceptor was manufactured using a manufacturing method not according to the present invention. That is, the charge transport layer is the same, but the charge generation layer uses 1 part of the same copper phthalocyanine pigment, and the binder contains 1 part of polybutadiene resin (manufactured by Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.).
Using 20 parts of ligroin as a solvent, the mixture was also dispersed by sand milling and spray coated to form a charge generation layer, thereby preparing a photoreceptor. When this was used in the copying machine mentioned above, the charging potential tended to rise at about 500V, the sensitivity was slow at about 15 lux・seconds, and when looking at the image, there was a lot of fogging on the white background, and it was clearly inferior. It was hot.
リグロインは電荷輸送層を膨潤させる溶剤では
ないためである。念のため、リグロイン20部のか
わりに、リグロイン10部、モノクロルベンゼン10
部より成る溶剤を用いて、同様に電荷発生層を作
成した感光体は、特性を測定すると、帯電電位
520V、感度7.5ルツクス・秒であり、良好な画像
を得ることができた。この結果本発明による溶剤
の効果が大きいことが認められた。 This is because ligroin is not a solvent that swells the charge transport layer. Just to be sure, instead of 20 parts of ligroin, use 10 parts of ligroin and 10 parts of monochlorobenzene.
A photoreceptor in which a charge generation layer was similarly prepared using a solvent consisting of
With a voltage of 520V and a sensitivity of 7.5 Lux·sec, we were able to obtain good images. As a result, it was confirmed that the solvent according to the present invention was highly effective.
実施例 ２ 電荷輸送層までは実施例１と同様に製造した。Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed up to the charge transport layer.
次に下記ジスアゾ顔料１部、
および結着剤としてアクリル樹脂（商品名：アク
リベース、藤倉化成製）１部、トルエン10部、酢
酸エチル10部、をガラスビーズを用いて振動ボー
ルミルにて１時間分散した。なお、トルエン、酢
酸エチルは電荷輸送層を一部溶解するものであ
る。この分散液を実施例１と同様に電荷輸送層上
にスプレー塗布した。 Next, 1 part of the following disazo pigment, And as a binder, 1 part of acrylic resin (trade name: Acrybase, manufactured by Fujikura Kasei), 10 parts of toluene, and 10 parts of ethyl acetate were dispersed for 1 hour in a vibrating ball mill using glass beads. Note that toluene and ethyl acetate partially dissolve the charge transport layer. This dispersion was spray coated onto the charge transport layer in the same manner as in Example 1.
この感光体の特性を測定すると、帯電電位
550V、感度5.9ルツクス・秒であり、良好なる画
像を得ることができた。 Measuring the characteristics of this photoreceptor reveals that the charged potential is
With a voltage of 550V and a sensitivity of 5.9 lux·sec, we were able to obtain good images.
実施例 ３〜５
実施例１において、電荷発生層の結着剤樹脂お
よび溶剤を次のようなものを用いても、実施例１
と同様に高感度な感光体を製造することができ
た。Examples 3 to 5 In Example 1, even if the following binder resin and solvent of the charge generation layer were used, Example 1
Similarly, a highly sensitive photoreceptor could be manufactured.
３ 樹脂：ポリエステル（商品名：バイロン
500、東洋紡績製）
溶剤：メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチ
ルケトン
４ 樹脂：アクリル（大日本インキ製）
溶剤：トルエン
５ 樹脂：塩ビ酢ビ共重合体（商品名：VYHH、
ユニオンカーバイド社製）
溶剤：メチルエチルケトン、トルエン3 Resin: Polyester (Product name: Byron
500, manufactured by Toyobo) Solvent: Methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone 4 Resin: Acrylic (manufactured by Dainippon Ink) Solvent: Toluene 5 Resin: Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (product name: VYHH,
Union Carbide) Solvent: Methyl ethyl ketone, toluene
Claims (1)
電子写真感光体の製造方法において、電荷輸送層
に対して溶解性を有する溶剤中に電荷発生層形成
材料を含有させて電荷輸送層上にスプレー塗布す
ることを特徴とする電子写真感光体の製造方法。1. In a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a laminated layer of a charge transport layer and a charge generation layer, a charge generation layer forming material is contained in a solvent that is soluble in the charge transport layer, and the material is sprayed onto the charge transport layer. A method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8537481A JPS57200043A (en) | 1981-06-03 | 1981-06-03 | Manufacture of electrophotographic receptor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8537481A JPS57200043A (en) | 1981-06-03 | 1981-06-03 | Manufacture of electrophotographic receptor |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13740185A Division JPS6128953A (en) | 1985-06-24 | 1985-06-24 | Electrostatic charge image forming method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57200043A JPS57200043A (en) | 1982-12-08 |
| JPS6217749B2 true JPS6217749B2 (en) | 1987-04-20 |
Family
ID=13856936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8537481A Granted JPS57200043A (en) | 1981-06-03 | 1981-06-03 | Manufacture of electrophotographic receptor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57200043A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6118460A (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1986-01-27 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Method and device for spray coating |
| JPS6275458A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1987-04-07 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Production of electrophotographic sensitive body |
| JPS6275457A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1987-04-07 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Production of electrophotographic sensitive body |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50140133A (en) * | 1974-04-27 | 1975-11-10 | ||
| JPS516731A (en) * | 1974-07-09 | 1976-01-20 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | DENSHISHA SHINYOKANKOBAN |
| JPS5582160A (en) * | 1978-12-19 | 1980-06-20 | Copyer Co Ltd | Novel disazo pigment, and photo-sensitive element of electrophotography composed thereof |
| JPS56119131A (en) * | 1980-02-26 | 1981-09-18 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Screen photoreceptor |
| JPS57148748A (en) * | 1981-03-11 | 1982-09-14 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrophotographic receptor |
-
1981
- 1981-06-03 JP JP8537481A patent/JPS57200043A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50140133A (en) * | 1974-04-27 | 1975-11-10 | ||
| JPS516731A (en) * | 1974-07-09 | 1976-01-20 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | DENSHISHA SHINYOKANKOBAN |
| JPS5582160A (en) * | 1978-12-19 | 1980-06-20 | Copyer Co Ltd | Novel disazo pigment, and photo-sensitive element of electrophotography composed thereof |
| JPS56119131A (en) * | 1980-02-26 | 1981-09-18 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Screen photoreceptor |
| JPS57148748A (en) * | 1981-03-11 | 1982-09-14 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrophotographic receptor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57200043A (en) | 1982-12-08 |
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