JPS59159214A - Extruding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce an excessive force in processing, to make a device small in size, and to improve a reduction of cross-sectional area by dividing a die of the extruding device into plural ones and moving them mutually symmetrically and slightly eccentrically. CONSTITUTION:A die 1 is divided into two or more ones, and each die 1 is moved slightly eccentrically by rotatably supporting it with the aids of two eccentric axes 3, and two dies are moved so that they are always symmetrically positioned with respect to a central axis 0. Each die 1 has a proper incident surface 5, and a material 2 is fed at the time when the dies 1 are moved to the positions A where a die gap is opened into a maximum. Further, the dies 1 are fixed to jaws 7 by bolts, etc. respectively and are moved mutually symmetrically by minute eccentric quantities, and the material 2 is extruded by the incident surfaces 5. Accordingly, a small force F of a feeder is enough for the extrusion, and a forming pressure P acting on the surface 5 is balanced with a reaction of the surface 5.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は塑性加工をなす押出し若しくは引抜き装置に関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an extrusion or drawing device that performs plastic working.

従来から棒材の断面を縮小する手段として、熱間、冷間
を問わず塑性加工による押出し、若しくは引抜き方法が
採用されて来ており、所定寸法のダイス内を通過させる
ことにより非常に速く、かつ低コストで大ｔｃの加工を
な（〜得る。Conventionally, extrusion or drawing methods using plastic working, whether hot or cold, have been used as a means of reducing the cross section of bars. Moreover, it is possible to perform large TC processing at low cost.

ところで上記押出（−加］二、若しくけ引抜き加工は、
断面減少率に左右されることは勿論であるが、非常に大
きな力を必要とし、該力はダイス内面に高い血圧として
発生する。したがって時にはダイスが破損し、上記の大
きな力を供給するための大きに装置を必要とする。しか
し断面減少率があまりにも大きくなると加工不能となる
等、押出し加工や引抜き加工にも多くの改良すべき問題
点が桟積しているのが実状である。（第１図） 本発明は従来の押出し加工並びに引抜きガ１工において
必要とされる過大な労金軽減する（二と、並びに該力の
軽減に伴う装置の縮小化、さらにｄ：断面減少率の向上
を主目的とした押出し装置の提供にある。By the way, the above extrusion (-addition) or drawing process is
Although it naturally depends on the area reduction rate, a very large force is required, and this force is generated as a high blood pressure on the inner surface of the die. Therefore, the die sometimes breaks and requires larger equipment to supply the larger forces mentioned above. However, the reality is that there are many problems that need to be improved in extrusion processing and drawing processing, such as the fact that if the area reduction rate becomes too large, processing becomes impossible. (Fig. 1) The present invention reduces the excessive labor required in conventional extrusion processing and drawing process (2). The main objective is to provide an extrusion device with the main purpose of improving the quality of the product.

例えば、押出し前の断面積（ＡＯ）、押出し後の断面積
（Ａ）とした場合押出し荷重（Ｐ）の概略は”　＝　Ａ
ｏＪ３Ｖ、２　Ｑｎ−” （ｋｉ材料のせん断降伏応力） たソし実際にはダイス壁の摩擦並びにダイス形状等にも
大きく影響されるため、実際にはさらに大きな荷重（Ｐ
）が必要となってくる。For example, if the cross-sectional area before extrusion (AO) is the cross-sectional area after extrusion (A), the approximate extrusion load (P) is " = A
oJ3V, 2 Qn-" (shear yield stress of ki material) In reality, it is greatly influenced by the friction of the die wall and the shape of the die, so in reality, an even larger load (P
) becomes necessary.

本発明に係る装置は上記荷重の軽減を図るため、被加工
物である材料を部分的に加工し、しかも単純圧縮状態で
の加工を可能ならしめたもので、押出しダイスを分割し
、互いに対称にかつ微小偏心運動をなさしめることで押
出し加工を行うものである。In order to reduce the above-mentioned load, the device according to the present invention partially processes the material that is the workpiece, and also makes it possible to process it in a simple compressed state. Extrusion processing is performed by making small eccentric movements.

以下本発明に係る／実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明
する。（第一図、第３図） 本装置の基本動作を説明するとダイス（１）は２個に等
しく分割され、片方のダイス（（イ）は２本の偏心９入
・ 軸によって微小偏心運動を行い、しかも２個のダイス（
１）は中心軸（ｏ）を中心として常に対称に位置するよ
う運動する。Embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings. (Figures 1 and 3) To explain the basic operation of this device, the die (1) is divided into two equal parts, and one die ((a) has two eccentric 9-input shafts that make minute eccentric movements. and two dice (
1) always moves symmetrically around the central axis (o).

すなわちダイス（４は２木の偏心軸（３）で軸支され、
偏心運動を繰り返すため、上記ダイス（１）の方向は不
変であり、回転は生じない。In other words, the die (4 is supported by two eccentric shafts (3),
Since the eccentric movement is repeated, the direction of the die (1) remains unchanged and no rotation occurs.

ダイス（１）ハ従来使用されている押出しダイスを互い
に等しく、中心軸（０）全中心と１７で分割し、該ダイ
ス（１）の偏心ｉ　（ｒ）を考慮して偏心運動に際し互
いに衝突しないよう端面（４４を切削・除去している。The die (1) is a conventionally used extrusion die that is equally divided into 17 points, including the entire center of the central axis (0), and takes into consideration the eccentricity i (r) of the die (1) so that they do not collide with each other during eccentric movement. The end face (44 is cut and removed).

したがって、ダイス（／′）は常に偏心量（ｒ）でもっ
て偏心運動しながら月料（−りは軸方向に該ダイス（１
）内に送り込まれる。Therefore, the die (/') always moves eccentrically with the amount of eccentricity (r) while moving the die (-) in the axial direction.
).

ダイス（１）は、上記材料（（３）が送り込才れるよう
適当な角（０）をなす入射面（ｊ）を有し、該ダイス（
１）を運動させる偏心軸（３）が最もダイス（１）全開
口させた位置、すなわちＡ点に来た時点で材料（２）は
フィーダー（図示なし）によって送り込まれる。The die (1) has an entrance surface (j) forming an appropriate angle (0) so that the material (3) can be fed into the die (1).
When the eccentric shaft (3) that moves the die (1) reaches the position where the die (1) is fully opened, that is, the point A, the material (2) is fed by a feeder (not shown).

この場合、ダイス径を（Ｄ）、断面縮小後の材料（−の
外径を（ｄ）とすれば、上記（ハ）、（ｄ）及びダイス
偏心量（ｒ）との関係は Ｄ　＝　ｄ　＋　２　ｒ　−−−−、−−−−−−−−
■となり、中心軸（Ｏ）からダイス（１）内面（乙）ま
での最短距離の軌跡は一定円弧を描き、該円弧の外径は
上記第１式における関係を満足する。In this case, if the die diameter is (D) and the outer diameter of the material (-) after cross-sectional reduction is (d), the relationship between the above (c), (d) and die eccentricity (r) is D = d + 2 r −−−−, −−−−−−−
(2), the shortest distance trajectory from the central axis (O) to the inner surface (B) of the die (1) draws a constant arc, and the outer diameter of the arc satisfies the relationship in the first equation above.

ダイス（１）はジョー（７）にボルト（、ｒ）等の止着
具で固定され、しかも２個が互いＶＣ対称に位置し、僅
かな偏心ｉ：　（ｒ）　（Ｙ””＝　０１−１　）で動
かされ、押出し加工は入射面（，５′）でもってなされ
る。The die (1) is fixed to the jaw (7) with a fastener such as a bolt (, r), and the two pieces are located VC-symmetrically to each other, with a slight eccentricity i: (r) (Y""= 01- 1), and the extrusion process is carried out with the entrance plane (,5').

したがって材料（（２）に作用する圧力の発生状態は、
従来の押出し加工に類似するものであるが、本発明知係
る押出し方式は断続的加工であり、ダイス（１）が開口
した段階で材料（，２）　ｅ送り込むものである。Therefore, the state of pressure that acts on the material ((2) is
Although similar to conventional extrusion processing, the extrusion method according to the present invention is an intermittent processing in which the material (, 2) is fed in at the stage when the die (1) opens.

したがって、フィダーの力（Ｆ）は非常に小さいもので
もよく、いったん３γ−られてしまえばクランプするこ
とで入射面側）に作用する成形圧力（Ｐ）は反力でもっ
てつり合うことになる。Therefore, the force (F) of the feeder may be very small, and once 3γ- is applied, by clamping, the molding pressure (P) acting on the entrance surface side will be balanced by the reaction force.

上記の送り込む量（δ）はダイス（１）偏心１（ｒ）並
びに入射面は）の角（θ）に依存するもので、一般に８
−ｉ′−０１〜０３程度づつ、／ザイクル毎に送り込オ
れ該材料（コ）の断面が縮小される。The above feeding amount (δ) depends on the eccentricity 1(r) of the die (1) and the angle (θ) of the incident surface (), and is generally 8
-i'-01 to 03 times, the cross section of the material is reduced every cycle.

以上述べたように本発明に係る押出し装置は従来の押出
し、若しくは引抜きターイスを２分割、時には３分割し
て互いに中心軸（０）に対し常に対称を保ちながら微小
偏心運動させ、／サイクルごとに材料（：２）を軸方向
に送り込んで断面を縮小するものであり、ダイス（１）
外径（Ｄ）が縮小後の材料外径（ｄ）に近いとはいえ部
分圧縮の繰返しであり、成形荷重としては単純圧縮に近
くなり非常圧小さくなる。As described above, the extrusion device according to the present invention divides the conventional extrusion or drawing machine into two parts, sometimes into three parts, and makes minute eccentric movements while always maintaining symmetry with respect to the central axis (0), and every cycle. The material (2) is fed in the axial direction to reduce the cross section, and the die (1)
Although the outer diameter (D) is close to the material outer diameter (d) after reduction, partial compression is repeated, and the forming load is close to simple compression, resulting in an extremely small pressure.

したがって、同一寸法を従来の方法で押出し加工する装
置に比較し、数分の／稈度の装置で加工でき、切削若し
くは研削の前工程として手軽に使用でき、材料の歩留を
大きく向」ニする。Therefore, compared to extrusion processing equipment using conventional methods, the same dimensions can be processed using equipment that takes only a few minutes/culm, and can be easily used as a pre-process for cutting or grinding, greatly improving material yield. do.

壕だ、荷重の小さいのは単に単純圧縮状態に依存するの
みならず、ダイス（１）−ａ料（２）間は従来の押出し
加工のように常に品圧下で密着しているのでｆｄｆｉ＜
、／サイクルごとに僅かな隙間を生じる関係上、入射面
（Ａには／ザイクル毎に潤滑油が進入し、材料（２）の
塑性流動を円滑ならしめるため成形荷重は小さくなる。Well, the reason why the load is small is not only due to the simple compression state, but also because the die (1) and material (2) are always in close contact under material pressure like in conventional extrusion processing, so fdfi<
,/Due to the fact that a small gap is created for each cycle, lubricating oil enters the entrance surface (A) for each cycle, and the forming load becomes small because the plastic flow of the material (2) is smoothed out.

さらには材料（菊の軸荷重作用が小さくなり、成形後の
材料（２）の寸法精度特に外径精度、曲り等を非常に小
さく抑えることが可能である等、本発明に係る押出し装
置は少々加工時間は従来のものに比べ要するが、小物部
品に適し、小さな設備で要を達することができ非常に優
れた装置である。Furthermore, the extrusion device according to the present invention has some advantages, such as the axial load effect of the material (chrysanthemum) being reduced, and the dimensional accuracy, particularly the outer diameter accuracy, bending, etc. of the material (2) after molding, being able to be kept to a very small level. Although it takes longer to process than conventional methods, it is an excellent device that is suitable for small parts and can accomplish the main purpose with small equipment.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は従来の押出（２加工を表わしたもので、第２図
、第３図は本発明に係る押出し装置で第２図は正面図を
、第３図は中央断面図を示したものである。 （１）−−−−−−−ダイス　　　（，２）−−−−−
一材　料（−？）−−−−−−−−偏心軸　　　（鉛−
一−−−−一端　面＜３；）−−−−−−−入射面　　
　（乙）−−−−−−−内　面（７）　、−−−−−−
−−ジョー　　　　（消−一一−−−−、ボルト特許出
願人　大同工業株式会社 代理人　平崎彦治Fig. 1 shows conventional extrusion (2 processes), Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show an extrusion device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 shows a front view, and Fig. 3 shows a central sectional view. (1)------Dice (,2)---------
- Material (-?) - Eccentric shaft (Lead -
1------One end surface<3;)---------Incidence surface
(B)---------Inner surface (7),------
--Joe (Eleven) ---, Bolt patent applicant, Daido Kogyo Co., Ltd. agent, Hikoji Hirasaki

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）　　丸棒の断面を縮小する押出し、若しくは引抜
き装置において、上記装置行のダイス（１）　ｅ　中心
軸（０）を基に２等分し、該ダイス（力をＪ二記中心（
θ）に対し対称にジョー（７）にボルト（ｇ）等の止着
具で固定し、該ジョー（７）に取着されている２本の偏
心軸（３）により微小偏心運動金互いに対称に行うこと
でダイス（１）内面（句の径ω）−ダイス（１）の偏心
量（ｒ）　ｘ　２の外径金有す丸棒の押出し成形をする
ことを特徴とする押出【−装置。(1) In an extrusion or drawing device that reduces the cross section of a round bar, the die (1) e in the above device row is used to divide the bar into two equal parts based on the center axis (0), and the force is
The jaws (7) are fixed symmetrically with respect to θ) with fasteners such as bolts (g), and the two eccentric shafts (3) attached to the jaws (7) allow minute eccentric movements to be made symmetrically to each other. An extrusion apparatus characterized by extrusion molding a round bar having an outer diameter of die (1) inner surface (diameter ω) - eccentricity (r) of die (1) x 2 by performing . （２）　　上記ダイス（１）を３等分し、上記各ダイス
（１）を微小偏心運動させた特許請求の範囲第１項記載
の押出し装置。(2) The extrusion device according to claim 1, wherein the die (1) is divided into three equal parts, and each die (1) is moved slightly eccentrically.