WO2000064604A1 - Tapered body forming method and rolling device - Google Patents

Tapered body forming method and rolling device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000064604A1
WO2000064604A1 PCT/JP2000/002613 JP0002613W WO0064604A1 WO 2000064604 A1 WO2000064604 A1 WO 2000064604A1 JP 0002613 W JP0002613 W JP 0002613W WO 0064604 A1 WO0064604 A1 WO 0064604A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rolling
roll
rolls
forming
axial direction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/002613
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Iwao Isozaki
Tsutomu Furuyama
Akira Katsuyama
Akira Tange
Original Assignee
Plant Engineering Yoshida Kinen Co., Ltd.
Nhk Spring Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plant Engineering Yoshida Kinen Co., Ltd., Nhk Spring Co., Ltd. filed Critical Plant Engineering Yoshida Kinen Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP00917405A priority Critical patent/EP1210991A4/en
Publication of WO2000064604A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000064604A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/16—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction
    • B21C37/18—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction conical tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/08—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process
    • B21B13/10—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process all axes being arranged in one plane
    • B21B13/103—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process all axes being arranged in one plane for rolling bars, rods or wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
    • B21B37/24—Automatic variation of thickness according to a predetermined programme
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
    • B21C3/06—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof with adjustable section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
    • B21C3/08—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof with section defined by rollers, balls, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/02—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling heavy work, e.g. ingots, slabs, blooms, or billets, in which the cross-sectional form is unimportant ; Rolling combined with forging or pressing
    • B21B1/024—Forging or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
    • B21B1/18—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section in a continuous process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B15/0035—Forging or pressing devices as units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B2013/003—Inactive rolling stands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B31/00—Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
    • B21B31/16—Adjusting or positioning rolls
    • B21B31/20—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis
    • B21B31/32—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis by liquid pressure, e.g. hydromechanical adjusting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
    • B21B37/24—Automatic variation of thickness according to a predetermined programme
    • B21B37/26—Automatic variation of thickness according to a predetermined programme for obtaining one strip having successive lengths of different constant thickness

Definitions

  • the invention of the present application relates to a method for forming a taper body whose peripheral surface is continuously tapered, and a rolling device for plastically working a material with rolls.
  • tapered rods are formed by die forging or cutting of a material with a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction
  • tapered pipes are generally formed by die forging as described above. there were.
  • a rolling device in which a material is inserted into a gap surrounded by the outer peripheral surface of each of a plurality of rolls and the material is rolled, conventionally, a gap for rolling in which the material is inserted is fixedly formed. The force was such that only a processed product with a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction could be obtained.
  • the material and composition of the formed tapered rod may be changed. Also, since the rate of reduction of the cross-sectional area of the material is large, the deformation of the material may exceed the deformability of the material, and cracks may occur inside the formed tapered rod. Therefore, it was difficult to form a tapered rod having excellent characteristics and quality by die forging using a material having a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction.
  • the diameter of the cross-section is Since the taper body is formed by die forging from a material that changes in direction, the die forging is compared to the case where a tapered body is formed only by die forging from a material with a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction.
  • the reduction rate of the cross-sectional area of the material at the time of is small. For this reason, the calorific value during die forging is small, and the material and composition are unlikely to change even if a tapered body is formed. Also, even if a tapered body is formed, cracks are not easily generated inside the tapered body. Therefore, a tapered body having excellent characteristics and quality can be formed.
  • the taper body is formed only by die forging from a material with a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction.
  • the taper body can be formed in a shorter time than in the case of the above.
  • the mechanical and thermal loads applied to the forging die during the die forging are small, the curtain is hardly deteriorated, and the life of the forging die is long. Therefore, the tapered body can be formed at low cost. it can.
  • the gaps for rolling in the plurality of rolls arranged sequentially in the material transfer direction are gradually reduced in the transfer direction, and the gaps due to the approach of the plurality of rolls are reduced.
  • a roll-down mechanism is provided for forming and opening the gap by separating multiple rolls, so it is possible to control the execution and suspension of rolling by the roll group at any time during the transfer of the material . Therefore, the material can be rolled into a processed product whose sectional shape is not uniform in the axial direction.
  • the rolling mechanism performs the formation and opening of the gap independently for each roll group, the time interval for the formation and opening of the gap between the adjacent roll groups in the material transfer direction And the order can be controlled. Therefore, the material can be rolled into a processed product in which the order in which different cross-sectional shapes appear in the axial direction or the length in which the same cross-sectional shape continues in the axial direction is controlled.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1E are schematic views of a first stage of a rolling step in a method of forming a taper body according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2F are schematic diagrams of a second stage of a rolling step in a method of forming a tapered body according to one embodiment.
  • 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams of a third stage of a rolling step in a method of forming a tapered body as one embodiment.
  • 4A to 4C are schematic diagrams of the fourth stage of the rolling process in the method of forming the taper body as one embodiment.
  • 5A to 5D are schematic diagrams of a die forging process in a method of forming a taper body as one embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is an overall perspective view of a rolling device as one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional front view of a main part of a rolling mill in one form.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a main part of a rolling mill according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows the entire rolling apparatus 11 according to the present embodiment.
  • this rolling device 11 five rolls 12 are arranged in a row, and are sequentially arranged on the base 13 in the direction in which the material for rolling is transferred.
  • Each roll group 12 is composed of four rolls 14 provided with grooves on the outer peripheral surface.
  • the motor 15 is connected via the speed reducer 16 and the joint 17.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show one roll group 1 2 strong.
  • the roll 14 and the drive gears 21 on both sides of the roll 14 are supported by a roll zip 22 via bearings (not shown), and the roll zip 22 is a frame. 2 3 are housed in an X-shaped groove 24.
  • the frame 23 is connected to the gear case 26 by a plurality of bolts 25, and a human-powered gear 27 that inputs a driving force from the joint 17 and transmits this driving force to the driving gear 21 is formed. It is located in the gear case 26.
  • the frame 23 is provided with a single-acting hydraulic piston 31 as a part of a rolling mechanism for the roll chick 22 and the roll 14, and the hydraulic piston 31 is attached to the hydraulic piston 31.
  • a series of hydraulic supply ports 32 are connected to a hydraulic circuit (not shown).
  • the hydraulic circuit includes a hydraulic pump that generates hydraulic pressure, a pipe that distributes hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic supply port 32, and a switch disposed between the pipe and the hydraulic supply port 32.
  • a circuit including a valve, a control means for controlling the switching valve at a predetermined timing by a computer, a cam mechanism, or the like can be used.
  • the input gear 27 is fixed in the gear case 26 so that the center distance between the drive gear 21 and the input gear 27 becomes minimum when the roll 14 is lowered. Of input gear 2 7 It is decided. Therefore, when the roll 14 is lowered, the teeth on one of the drive gear 21 and the input gear 27 are not excessively interposed between the teeth on the other.
  • FIGS. 1A to 4C which show a method of forming a body, rolls 14 in a group of five rolls 12 sequentially arranged in a rolling device 11 in a direction in which a material for rolling is transferred are respectively shown. Rolls 14a to 14e are shown, and among the four rolls 14 in each mouthpiece group 12, only a pair of opposing rolls 14 are shown. ing.
  • the rolling reduction of all rolls 14a to 14e is gradually reduced at the same time as material 35 is transferred.
  • the material 35 is processed into a tapered shape in which the diameter of the material continuously changes in the axial direction.
  • the transfer amount of the material 35 is determined by the amount of rotation of the rolls 14a to l4e, and the measurement amount that is arranged before and after the five roll groups 12 and rotates in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the material 35. It is measured by the amount of rotation of a roll (not shown).
  • the separation part 36a of the material 35 processed into the stepped shape passes through the first roll 14a and is separated from the roll 14a by a predetermined distance. At this point, only the roll 14a is reduced, and the rolling by the roll 14a is resumed as shown in FIG. 2D.
  • the part between the tip of the material 3 5 and the partition 3 6 a is the material 3 5 It is machined in a stepped shape that tapers in the transfer direction, and is separated by a dance cutter (not shown) arranged at the outlet of the rolling device 11. The material 35 is cut at the partition formed later.
  • the rolling by the rolls 14c to 14e is sequentially restarted by the same operation as described above.
  • the rolls 14a to 14e in FIG. 4C are in the same state as the rolls 14a to 14e in FIG. 2A, and thereafter, all the rolls 14a again as in FIG. 2B.
  • the reduction of ⁇ l4e is released at the same time.
  • the portion between the partitioning portion 36a and the partitioning portion 36b is machined into a stepped shape tapering in a direction opposite to the transport direction of the material 35.
  • the raw material 35 rolled by the rolling device 11 is cut into a predetermined length by the flying cutter at the exit of the rolling device 11 as described above. At this time, if the material 35 is cut for each of the separation portions 36a and 36b, as shown in FIG. 5A, the material 35 moves from one end to the other end.
  • the material 35a is tapered only in the direction, and is suitable for forming a conical coil panel or the like.
  • the material 35 is cut only at the partitioning portion 36b, a material suitable for forming a barrel-shaped coil spring or the like which is tapered in both directions from the central portion to both ends can be obtained. Which part of the material 35 is cut is appropriately selected depending on what kind of processed product is used for the material.
  • the material 35a is mounted in a forging die 37 having an inner surface tapered.
  • the forging die 37 shown in FIGS. 5B to 5D is simply divided in the vertical direction. If the material 35a is long in the axial direction, it is mounted not only in the vertical direction but also in the vertical direction. A forging die that is also divided in the axial direction of the material 35a may be used, and the material 35a is stamped with a forging die 37, as shown in FIG. 5C. Then, as shown in FIG. 5D, the tape-shaped workpiece 35 b is removed from the forging die 37.
  • Material 35 is machined alternately into a portion that tapers in the transfer direction of 35 and a portion that tapers in the opposite direction to the transfer direction of material 35, so it is wound in a coil. Material 3 5 can be processed continuously. For this reason, the rolling feature that the processing speed is faster than that of die forging can be exhibited.
  • the reduction may be released in the order from the roll 14 e to the roll 14 a.
  • the part where the cross-sectional diameter of the processed material 35 is constant in the axial direction is It is longer than the form.
  • the portion of the processed material 35 where the cross-sectional diameter is constant in the axial direction is shorter than the above configuration. Become. Furthermore, when the rolls 14a to 14e are sequentially released from rolling down, if the time intervals of the release are not uniform, even if the rolls 14a to 14e are arranged at equal intervals, In the processed material 35, the length of the portion where the cross-sectional diameter is constant in the axial direction also becomes non-uniform.
  • each roll group 1 2 is composed of four rolls 14, and each roll group 12 has two rolls 12 according to the cross-sectional shape to be machined of the material 35. Or three or more rolls 14.
  • the hydraulic piston 31 or the like is used as the rolling mechanism for the roll chuck 22 and the roll 14, but the feed screw controlled by the motor is used for the rolling mechanism. It may be used as Further, in the above-described embodiment, the force of processing the material 35 with the rolling mill 11 to form the material 35a for forming the tape-shaped workpiece 35b with the forging die 37 is used. Of course, the rolling device 11 may be used only to form the material 35a, whose diameter is stepwise or continuously changed in the axial direction, as a final product. Industrial applicability
  • the invention of the present application is, for example, a coil panel for an automobile suspension system.
  • the barrel-shaped coil spring can be used to form a tapered bar steel suitable for forming a conical coil panel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

A rolling device (11) capable of forming and opening a clearance (33) for rolling, wherein a material (35a) having a cross-section diameter varying in axial direction is formed, and a tapered finished product (35b) is formed of the material (35a) by die forging, whereby a reduction ratio of the cross-sectional area of the material (35a) formed by die forging is less than that obtained by forming a material having a cross-section diameter uniform in axial direction by die forging only and, in addition, the finished product (35b) can be formed in a short time and thus a tapered body excellent in characteristics and quality can be formed at a low cost.

Description

明 細 書 テーパ体の形成方法及び圧延装置 技術分野  Description Tapered body forming method and rolling device
本願の発明は、 周面が連続的に先細り状になつているテ一パ体の 形成方法とロールで素材を塑性加工するための圧延装置とに関する ものである。 背景技術  The invention of the present application relates to a method for forming a taper body whose peripheral surface is continuously tapered, and a rolling device for plastically working a material with rolls. Background art
従来、 テーパ状の棒は断面の直径が軸心方向で一様な素材に対す る型鍛造または切削加工で形成され、 テーパ状の管も上述の型鍛造 で形成されるのが、 一般的であった。 また、 複数のロールの各々の 外周面に囲まれている空隙に素材が揷入されてこの素材が圧延され る圧延装置では、 従来から、 素材が挿入される圧延用の空隙が固定 的に形成されていて、 断面の直径が軸心方向で一様な加工品しか得 られな力、つた。  Conventionally, tapered rods are formed by die forging or cutting of a material with a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction, and tapered pipes are generally formed by die forging as described above. there were. In a rolling device in which a material is inserted into a gap surrounded by the outer peripheral surface of each of a plurality of rolls and the material is rolled, conventionally, a gap for rolling in which the material is inserted is fixedly formed. The force was such that only a processed product with a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction could be obtained.
しかし、 塑性加工である型鍛造に比べると、 切削加工では、 素材 の組織が加工によつて微細化されないので、 靱性の高い加工品が得 られず、 また、 後工程と して研磨加工等を追加しなければ表面の平 滑度が低いので、 加工品に応力が発生した場合にこの応力が表面の 粗な部分に集中する。 このため、 例えば、 テーパ状の棒鋼でコイル パネを形成しても、 十分な疲労強度を有するコイルバネは得られず これらの点では切削加工より も型鍛造の方が圧倒的に有利である。 しかも、 切削加工では、 切屑分だけ型鍛造より も歩留が低いので、 加工品の製造コス 卜が高い。 ところが、 断面の直径が軸心方向で一様な素材に対する型鍛造で テーパ状の棒を形成しても、 次の様な課題がある。 即ち、 型鍛造で は、 型打ちによって素材が変形する際に熱が発生するが、 素材の断 面積の減少率が大きいので発熱量も多い。 このため、 特に、 テ一パ 状の棒の形成時間を短縮するために単位時間当たりの型打ち回数を 増加させると、 加工品が 4 0 0〜 5 0 0 °C程度もの高温になる場合 力 ある。 However, compared to die forging, which is plastic working, in cutting, the structure of the material is not refined by processing, so that a processed product with high toughness cannot be obtained. Otherwise, the flatness of the surface will be low, so if stress is applied to the workpiece, this stress will be concentrated on the rough part of the surface. For this reason, for example, even if a coil panel is formed from a tapered bar, a coil spring having sufficient fatigue strength cannot be obtained, and in these respects, die forging is overwhelmingly more advantageous than cutting. In addition, since the yield of cutting is lower than that of die forging by the amount of chips, the production cost of processed products is high. However, even if a tapered rod is formed by die forging on a material having a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction, there are the following problems. That is, in die forging, heat is generated when the material is deformed by stamping, but the amount of heat generated is large because the rate of reduction in the cut area of the material is large. Therefore, especially when the number of stampings per unit time is increased in order to shorten the tape-shaped rod forming time, when the temperature of the processed product becomes as high as about 400 to 500 ° C is there.
この結果、 形成されたテーパ状の棒の材質や組成が変化している 場合がある。 また、 素材の断面積の減少率が大きいので、 素材の変 形が素材の変形能を超える場合があり、 形成されたテーパ状の棒の 内部にひび割れが発生している場合もある。 従って、 断面の直径が 軸心方向で一様な素材に対する型鍛造では、 特性及び品質の優れた テーパ状の棒を形成することが困難であった。  As a result, the material and composition of the formed tapered rod may be changed. Also, since the rate of reduction of the cross-sectional area of the material is large, the deformation of the material may exceed the deformability of the material, and cracks may occur inside the formed tapered rod. Therefore, it was difficult to form a tapered rod having excellent characteristics and quality by die forging using a material having a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction.
また、 型鍛造では、 一回の型打ちによる素材の変形量が少なくて 加工速度が遅いので、 テ一パ状の棒を短時間で形成することが困難 である。 しかも、 素材の断面積の減少率を大き くする必要があるこ とによる力学的負荷と高温の加工品からの熱的負荷とのために、 鍛 造型が劣化し易く て、 鍛造型の寿命が短い。 これらのために、 断面 の直径が軸心方向で一様な素材に対する型鍛造では、 テーパ状の棒 を低コス トで形成することが困難であった。  Also, in die forging, since the amount of deformation of the material by one stamping is small and the processing speed is slow, it is difficult to form a tapered bar in a short time. In addition, the mechanical load due to the need to increase the rate of reduction of the cross-sectional area of the material and the thermal load from high-temperature processed products easily deteriorate the forging die and shorten the life of the forging die. . For these reasons, it was difficult to form a tapered rod at low cost in die forging of a material having a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction.
従って、 本願の発明は、 特性及び品質の優れたテーパ体を低コス 卜で形成することができるテーパ体の形成方法及びそのために用い ることができる圧延装置を提供することを目的と している。 発明の開示  Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of forming a tapered body capable of forming a tapered body having excellent characteristics and quality at low cost, and a rolling apparatus that can be used for the method. . Disclosure of the invention
本願の発明によるテ一パ体の形成方法では、 断面の直径が軸心方 向で変化している素材から型鍛造でテ一パ体を形成するので、 断面 の直径が軸心方向で一様な素材から型鍛造のみでテーパ体を形成す る場合に比べて、 型鍛造の際の素材の断面積の減少率が小さい。 こ のため、 型鍛造の際の発熱量が少なく、 テーパ体を形成しても材質 や組成が変化しにく い。 また、 テーパ体を形成してもその内部にひ び割れが発生しにく い。 従って、 特性及び品質の優れたテーパ体を 形成することができる。 In the taper body forming method according to the invention of the present application, the diameter of the cross-section is Since the taper body is formed by die forging from a material that changes in direction, the die forging is compared to the case where a tapered body is formed only by die forging from a material with a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction. The reduction rate of the cross-sectional area of the material at the time of is small. For this reason, the calorific value during die forging is small, and the material and composition are unlikely to change even if a tapered body is formed. Also, even if a tapered body is formed, cracks are not easily generated inside the tapered body. Therefore, a tapered body having excellent characteristics and quality can be formed.
また、 型鍛造に比べて加工速度が速い圧延によつて型鍛造の素材 を形成するので、 断面の直径が軸心方向で一様な素材から型鍛造の みでテ一パ体を形成する場合に比べて、 テ一パ体を短時間で形成す ることができる。 しかも、 型鍛造の際に鍛造型が受ける力学的及び 熱的負荷が少なく、 緞造型が劣化しにく く て、 鍛造型の寿命が長い, 従って、 テーパ体を低コス トで形成することができる。  In addition, since the die forging material is formed by rolling, which has a higher processing speed than die forging, the taper body is formed only by die forging from a material with a uniform cross-sectional diameter in the axial direction. The taper body can be formed in a shorter time than in the case of the above. Moreover, the mechanical and thermal loads applied to the forging die during the die forging are small, the curtain is hardly deteriorated, and the life of the forging die is long. Therefore, the tapered body can be formed at low cost. it can.
本願の発明による圧延装置では、 素材の移送方向に順次に配置さ れている複数のロール群における圧延用の空隙が移送方向で順次に 小さ く なつており、 複数のロール同士の接近による空隙の形成と複 数のロール同士の離隔による空隙の開放とを行う圧下機構が設けら れているので、 素材を移送中の任意の時点でロール群による圧延の 実行及び中止を制御するこ とができる。 従って、 断面形状が軸心方 向で一様ではない加工品に素材を圧延することができる。  In the rolling device according to the invention of the present application, the gaps for rolling in the plurality of rolls arranged sequentially in the material transfer direction are gradually reduced in the transfer direction, and the gaps due to the approach of the plurality of rolls are reduced. A roll-down mechanism is provided for forming and opening the gap by separating multiple rolls, so it is possible to control the execution and suspension of rolling by the roll group at any time during the transfer of the material . Therefore, the material can be rolled into a processed product whose sectional shape is not uniform in the axial direction.
また、 圧下機構が空隙の形成及び開放をロール群毎に独立して行 う様にすれば、 素材の移送方向で互いに隣接しているロール群にお いて行われる空隙の形成及び開放の時間間隔や順序を制御すること ができる。 従って、 異なる断面形状が軸心方向で現れる順序や同一 の断面形状が軸心方向で続く長さが制御された加工品に素材を圧延 することができる。 図面の簡単な説明 In addition, if the rolling mechanism performs the formation and opening of the gap independently for each roll group, the time interval for the formation and opening of the gap between the adjacent roll groups in the material transfer direction And the order can be controlled. Therefore, the material can be rolled into a processed product in which the order in which different cross-sectional shapes appear in the axial direction or the length in which the same cross-sectional shape continues in the axial direction is controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
図 1 A 〜 1 Eは、 本願の発明の一つの形態と してのテー パ体の形 成方法における圧延工程の第 1期の概略図である。  1A to 1E are schematic views of a first stage of a rolling step in a method of forming a taper body according to one embodiment of the present invention.
図 2 A 〜 2 Fは、 一つの形態と してのテーパ体の形成方法におけ る圧延工程の第 2期の概略図である。  2A to 2F are schematic diagrams of a second stage of a rolling step in a method of forming a tapered body according to one embodiment.
図 3 A 〜 3 Cは、 一つの形態と してのテーパ体の形成方法におけ る圧延工程の第 3期の概略図である。  3A to 3C are schematic diagrams of a third stage of a rolling step in a method of forming a tapered body as one embodiment.
図 4 A 〜 4 Cは、 一つの形態と してのテ一パ体の形成方法におけ る圧延工程の第 4期の概略図である。  4A to 4C are schematic diagrams of the fourth stage of the rolling process in the method of forming the taper body as one embodiment.
図 5 A 〜 5 Dは、 一つの形態と してのテ一パ体の形成方法におけ る型鍛造工程の概略図である。  5A to 5D are schematic diagrams of a die forging process in a method of forming a taper body as one embodiment.
図 6 は、 本願の発明の一つの形態と しての圧延装置の全体の斜視 図である  FIG. 6 is an overall perspective view of a rolling device as one embodiment of the present invention.
図 7 は つの形態と しての圧延装置の要部の部分断面正面図で ある。  FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional front view of a main part of a rolling mill in one form.
図 8 は 一つの形態と しての圧延装置の要部の部分断面図である 発明を実施するための最良の形態  FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a main part of a rolling mill according to one embodiment.
以下、 テ一パ体の形成方法及びそのために用いることができる圧 延装置に適用した本願の発明の一つの形態を、 図 1 A 〜 8 を参照し ながら説明する。 図 6力 、 本形態による圧延装置 1 1 の全体を示し ている。 この圧延装置 1 1 では、 5個のロール群 1 2力く、 基台 1 3 上で、 圧延のための素材の移送方向に順次に配置されている。 各々 のロール群 1 2 は外周面に溝が設けられている 4個のロール 1 4 で 構成されており、 各々のロール群 1 2のロール 1 4 には交流サ一ボ モータ 1 5 が減速機 1 6 や継手 1 7等を介して接続されている。 Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention applied to a method of forming a taper body and a rolling device that can be used for the method will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 8. FIG. 6 shows the entire rolling apparatus 11 according to the present embodiment. In this rolling device 11, five rolls 12 are arranged in a row, and are sequentially arranged on the base 13 in the direction in which the material for rolling is transferred. Each roll group 12 is composed of four rolls 14 provided with grooves on the outer peripheral surface. The motor 15 is connected via the speed reducer 16 and the joint 17.
図 7 、 8 力く、 一つのロール群 1 2 を示している。 ロール群 1 2 で はロール 1 4 とその両側面の駆動歯車 2 1 とが軸受 （図示せず） を 介してロールチ ヨ ッ ク 2 2 に支持されており、 ロールチ ヨ ッ ク 2 2 はフ レーム 2 3 の X字状の溝 2 4 内に収容されている。 フ レーム 2 3 は複数本のボル ト 2 5で歯車ケース 2 6 に結合されており、 継手 1 7 から駆動力を入力してこの駆動力を駆動歯車 2 1 に伝達する人 力歯車 2 7 が歯車ケース 2 6 内に配置されている。  Figures 7 and 8 show one roll group 1 2 strong. In the roll group 12, the roll 14 and the drive gears 21 on both sides of the roll 14 are supported by a roll zip 22 via bearings (not shown), and the roll zip 22 is a frame. 2 3 are housed in an X-shaped groove 24. The frame 23 is connected to the gear case 26 by a plurality of bolts 25, and a human-powered gear 27 that inputs a driving force from the joint 17 and transmits this driving force to the driving gear 21 is formed. It is located in the gear case 26.
フ レーム 2 3 にはロールチ ヨ ッ ク 2 2及びロール 1 4 に対する圧 下機構の一部と しての単動型の油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 が取り付けられて おり、 油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 に連なる油圧供給口 3 2が油圧回路 （図示 せず） に接続されている。 この油圧回路と しては、 油圧を発生させ る油圧ポンプ、 この油圧ポンプから油圧供給口 3 2 に油圧を分配す る配管、 この配管と油圧供給口 3 2 との間に配置されている切換バ ルブ、 この切換バルブをコ ンピュータやカム機構等によって所定の タイ ミ ングで制御する制御手段等を含む回路が利用可能である。 油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 がロールチ ヨ ッ ク 2 2 及びロール 1 4 を圧下し 4個のロール 1 4 同士が接近してそれらの外周面が順次に連なると . 図 7 に示されている様に、 これらの外周面に囲まれている円形の空 隙 3 3 力く 4個のロール 1 4 同士の中心に形成される。 圧延されるべ き素材はこの空隙 3 3 内に挿入される。 5個のロール群 1 2 におけ る空隙 3 3 は、 圧延のための素材の移送方向で順次に小さ く なつて いる。  The frame 23 is provided with a single-acting hydraulic piston 31 as a part of a rolling mechanism for the roll chick 22 and the roll 14, and the hydraulic piston 31 is attached to the hydraulic piston 31. A series of hydraulic supply ports 32 are connected to a hydraulic circuit (not shown). The hydraulic circuit includes a hydraulic pump that generates hydraulic pressure, a pipe that distributes hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic supply port 32, and a switch disposed between the pipe and the hydraulic supply port 32. A circuit including a valve, a control means for controlling the switching valve at a predetermined timing by a computer, a cam mechanism, or the like can be used. When the hydraulic piston 31 lowers the roll chick 22 and the roll 14 and the four rolls 14 approach each other and their outer peripheral surfaces are successively connected, as shown in FIG. However, a circular gap 33 surrounded by these outer peripheral surfaces is formed at the center between the four rolls 14 strongly. The material to be rolled is inserted into this gap 33. The gaps 33 in the five roll groups 12 gradually become smaller in the direction of material transfer for rolling.
入力歯車 2 7 は歯車ケース 2 6 内で固定されており、 ロール 1 4 が圧下されたときに駆動歯車 2 1 と入力歯車 2 7 との中心間距離が 最小になる様に、 歯車ケース 2 6 内における入力歯車 2 7 の位置が 決められている。 このため、 ロール 1 4が圧下される際に駆動歯車 2 1 と入力歯車 2 7 との一方における歯が他方における歯同士の間 に過剰に揷人される ことはない。 The input gear 27 is fixed in the gear case 26 so that the center distance between the drive gear 21 and the input gear 27 becomes minimum when the roll 14 is lowered. Of input gear 2 7 It is decided. Therefore, when the roll 14 is lowered, the teeth on one of the drive gear 21 and the input gear 27 are not excessively interposed between the teeth on the other.
油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 によるロールチ ヨ ッ ク 2 2及びロール 1 4 の圧 下を解除すると、 空隙 3 3 内に挿入される素材による油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 側への押圧によってロール 1 4 同士が離隔して、 空隙 3 3 が開 放される。 油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 によるロ ールチ ヨ ッ ク 2 2及びロール 1 4 の圧下及び圧下の解除は、 ロール群 1 2毎に独立して行う こ と ができる。 また、 空隙 3 3 内で圧延されている素材に冷却用の油を 供給するための冷却油供給口 3 4がフ レーム 2 3 に設けられている 図 1 A〜 5 D力 、 本形態によるテーパ体の形成方法を示している 図 1 A〜 4 Cでは、 圧延装置 1 1 中で圧延のための素材の移送方向 に順次に配置されている 5個のロール群 1 2 におけるロール 1 4が 夫々 ロール 1 4 a 〜 l 4 e と して示されており、 また、 各々の口一 ル群 1 2 における 4個のロール 1 4 のうちで相対向 している一対の ロール 1 4 のみが示されている。  When the roll nip 22 and the roll 14 are released from the pressure reduction by the hydraulic piston 31, the rolls 14 are mutually pressed by the material inserted into the air gap 33 pressing the hydraulic piston 31 side. Separated, void 3 3 is opened. The rolling down of the roll zipper 22 and the roll 14 by the hydraulic piston 31 and the release of the rolling down can be performed independently for each roll group 12. In addition, a cooling oil supply port 34 for supplying cooling oil to the material being rolled in the gap 33 is provided in the frame 23. In FIGS. 1A to 4C, which show a method of forming a body, rolls 14 in a group of five rolls 12 sequentially arranged in a rolling device 11 in a direction in which a material for rolling is transferred are respectively shown. Rolls 14a to 14e are shown, and among the four rolls 14 in each mouthpiece group 12, only a pair of opposing rolls 14 are shown. ing.
最初は、 図 1 A〜 1 E中に実線の矢印で示されている様に、 総て のロール 1 4 a 〜 l 4 eが圧下されている。 このため、 各々の口一 ル群 1 2 におけるロール 1 4 a ~ 1 4 e同士の間を素材 3 5が移送 されるに連れて、 図 1 A〜 1 Eに示されている様に、 素材 3 5 が圧 延されてその直径が順次に細く され、 断面の直径が軸心方向で階段 状に変化している段付形状に素材 3 5 が加工される。 素材 3 5 と し ては、 金属やプラスチッ クやセラ ミ ッ ク等から成る棒や管等が用い られ得る。  At first, all the rolls 14a to 14e are reduced as shown by solid arrows in FIGS. 1A to 1E. For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1E, as the material 35 is transported between the rolls 14a to 14e in each mouth group 12 as shown in FIGS. The material 35 is rolled and the diameter is gradually reduced, and the material 35 is processed into a stepped shape in which the cross-sectional diameter changes stepwise in the axial direction. As the material 35, a rod or a tube made of metal, plastic, ceramic, or the like can be used.
但し、 図 1 A〜 1 E中に実線の矢印で示されている様に総ての口 ール 1 4 a〜 1 4 eが当初から圧下されている必要はな く 、 上述の 様に油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 によるロール 1 4の圧下はロール群 1 2 毎に 独立して行う ことができるので、 少なく と も素材 3 5の通過より も 前に油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 によって各々のロール 1 4 a ~ 1 4 eが順次 に圧下されてもよい。 However, as shown by the solid arrows in FIGS. 1A to 1E, it is not necessary that all the portals 14a to 14e be reduced from the beginning, and As described above, the rolling down of the rolls 14 by the hydraulic pistons 31 can be performed independently for each of the roll groups 12, so that at least before the material 35 passes through, each of the hydraulic pistons 3 1 1 The rolls 14 a to 14 e of the rolls may be sequentially reduced.
また、 ロール 1 4 eによる圧延が開始された直後から、 素材 3 5 が移送されるに連れて総てのロール 1 4 a〜 l 4 eの圧下量を同時 に徐々に減少させれば、 断面の直径が軸心方向で連続的に変化して いるテーパ形状に素材 3 5が加工される。  Immediately after the start of rolling by roll 14e, the rolling reduction of all rolls 14a to 14e is gradually reduced at the same time as material 35 is transferred. The material 35 is processed into a tapered shape in which the diameter of the material continuously changes in the axial direction.
その後、 素材 3 5の移送に伴って、 図 2 Aに示されている様に、 素材 3 5の先端が最後のロール 1 4 eを通過してロール 1 4 eから 所定の距離だけ離隔した時点で、 つま り、 素材 3 5の所定の長さの 部分が最小の直径まで圧延された時点で、 図 2 B中に一点鎖線の矢 印で示されている様に、 総てのロール 1 4 a〜 l 4 eの圧下が同時 に解除される。  Then, as shown in Figure 2A, as the material 35 is transported, the leading end of the material 35 passes through the last roll 14e and is separated from the roll 14e by a predetermined distance. In other words, when a predetermined length of the material 35 is rolled to the minimum diameter, all the rolls 14 as shown by the dashed-dotted arrows in FIG. The reduction of a to l 4 e is released at the same time.
この結果、 ロール 1 4 a〜 1 4 eは素材 3 5の外周面に倣うだけ で素材 3 5の圧延を一時的に中止する。 この様な圧延の中止や実行 は、 油圧回路に制御される油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 によつて任意の時点で 行う ことができる。 素材 3 5 の移送量は、 ロール 1 4 a〜 l 4 eの 回転量や、 5個のロール群 1 2の前後に配置されており素材 3 5 の 外周面に接触して回転する測定用のロール （図示せず） の回転量等 によって測定される。  As a result, the rolls 14a to 14e only follow the outer peripheral surface of the material 35, and the rolling of the material 35 is temporarily stopped. Such suspension or execution of rolling can be performed at any time by the hydraulic piston 31 controlled by the hydraulic circuit. The transfer amount of the material 35 is determined by the amount of rotation of the rolls 14a to l4e, and the measurement amount that is arranged before and after the five roll groups 12 and rotates in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the material 35. It is measured by the amount of rotation of a roll (not shown).
その後、 図 2 Cに示されている様に、 段付形状に加工された素材 3 5の区切り部 3 6 aが最初のロール 1 4 aを通過してロール 1 4 aから所定の距離だけ離隔した時点で、 ロール 1 4 aのみが圧下さ れて、 図 2 Dに示されている様に、 ロール 1 4 aによる圧延が再開 される。 素材 3 5の先端と区切り部 3 6 a との間の部分は素材 3 5 の移送方向へ先細り状になっている段付形状に加工されており、 圧 延装置 1 1 の出口に配置されている舞いカ ツタ （図示せず） によつ て、 区切り部 3 6 aや後に形成される区切り部において素材 3 5が 切断される。 Then, as shown in FIG. 2C, the separation part 36a of the material 35 processed into the stepped shape passes through the first roll 14a and is separated from the roll 14a by a predetermined distance. At this point, only the roll 14a is reduced, and the rolling by the roll 14a is resumed as shown in FIG. 2D. The part between the tip of the material 3 5 and the partition 3 6 a is the material 3 5 It is machined in a stepped shape that tapers in the transfer direction, and is separated by a dance cutter (not shown) arranged at the outlet of the rolling device 11. The material 35 is cut at the partition formed later.
そして、 図 2 Eに示されている様に、 区切り部 3 6 aより も素材 Then, as shown in Fig. 2E, the material is
3 5 の後端側であってロール 1 4 aによる圧延が再開された最初の 部分が 2番目のロール 1 4 bを通過してロール 1 4 b力、ら所定の距 離だけ離隔した時点で、 ロール 1 4 bが圧下されて、 図 2 Fに示さ れている様に、 ロール 1 4 bによる圧延も再開される。 When the first part on the trailing end of 35 and where rolling by roll 14a resumed passes through the second roll 14b and is separated by a predetermined distance from the roll 14b force, Then, the roll 14b is reduced, and the rolling by the roll 14b is resumed as shown in FIG. 2F.
その後、 図 3 A〜図 4 Cに示されている様に、 上述と同様の動作 によって、 ロール 1 4 c〜 1 4 eによる圧延が順次に再開される。 図 4 Cにおけるロール 1 4 a〜 1 4 eは図 2 Aにおけるロール 1 4 a〜 l 4 e と同じ状態にあり、 この後は、 再び、 図 2 Bと同様に総 てのロール 1 4 a〜 l 4 eの圧下が同時に解除される。 区切り部 3 6 a と区切り部 3 6 b との間の部分は素材 3 5の移送方向とは逆方 向へ先細り状になつている段付形状に加工されている。  Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 4C, the rolling by the rolls 14c to 14e is sequentially restarted by the same operation as described above. The rolls 14a to 14e in FIG. 4C are in the same state as the rolls 14a to 14e in FIG. 2A, and thereafter, all the rolls 14a again as in FIG. 2B. The reduction of ~ l4e is released at the same time. The portion between the partitioning portion 36a and the partitioning portion 36b is machined into a stepped shape tapering in a direction opposite to the transport direction of the material 35.
なお、 区切り部 3 6 a と区切り部 3 6 b との間の部分を圧延する 場合に、 ロール 1 4 a〜 l 4 eの各々による圧延の再開に際して、 素材 3 5が移送されるに連れてロール 1 4 a〜 l 4 eの各々の圧下 量を徐々に増加させれば、 区切り部 3 6 a と区切り部 3 6 b との間 の部分は素材 3 5の移送方向とは逆方向へ連続的に先細り状になつ ているテ一パ形状に加工される。  When rolling the portion between the separation portion 36a and the separation portion 36b, when the rolling is restarted by each of the rolls 14a to 14e, as the material 35 is transferred. If the rolling amount of each of the rolls 14a to 14e is gradually increased, the part between the separation part 36a and the separation part 36b continues in the direction opposite to the transfer direction of the material 35. It is processed into a tapered shape that is gradually tapered.
以上の様に圧延装置 1 1 によって圧延された素材 3 5 は、 既述の 様に、 圧延装置 1 1 の出口の舞いカ ツ夕によって所定の長さに切断 される。 このとき、 区切り部 3 6 a、 3 6 b毎に素材 3 5を切断す れば、 図 5 Aに示されている様に、 一端部から他端部へ向かう一方 向でのみ先細り状になっていて円錐形コイルパネ等の形成に好適な 素材 3 5 aが得られる。 As described above, the raw material 35 rolled by the rolling device 11 is cut into a predetermined length by the flying cutter at the exit of the rolling device 11 as described above. At this time, if the material 35 is cut for each of the separation portions 36a and 36b, as shown in FIG. 5A, the material 35 moves from one end to the other end. The material 35a is tapered only in the direction, and is suitable for forming a conical coil panel or the like.
また、 区切り部 3 6 bでのみ素材 3 5を切断すれば、 中央部から 両端部へ向かう両方向で先細り状になつていて樽形コィルバネ等の 形成に好適な素材が得られる。 素材 3 5をどの部分で切断するかは. その素材がどの様な加工品の形成に利用されるかによって適宜選択 される。  Further, if the material 35 is cut only at the partitioning portion 36b, a material suitable for forming a barrel-shaped coil spring or the like which is tapered in both directions from the central portion to both ends can be obtained. Which part of the material 35 is cut is appropriately selected depending on what kind of processed product is used for the material.
本形態では、 その後、 図 5 Bに示されている様に、 内面がテーパ 状の鍛造型 3 7 内に素材 3 5 aを装塡する。 図 5 B〜 5 Dに示され ている鍛造型 3 7 は上下方向に分割されているだけである力'、 素材 3 5 aが軸心方向に長い場合は、 上下方向のみならず装塡された素 材 3 5 aの軸心方向にも分割されている鍛造型が用いられてもよい, そして、 図 5 Cに示されている様に、 鍛造型 3 7で素材 3 5 aを型 打ちし、 図 5 Dに示されている様に、 テ一パ状の加工品 3 5 bを鍛 造型 3 7から取り出す。  In the present embodiment, thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5B, the material 35a is mounted in a forging die 37 having an inner surface tapered. The forging die 37 shown in FIGS. 5B to 5D is simply divided in the vertical direction. If the material 35a is long in the axial direction, it is mounted not only in the vertical direction but also in the vertical direction. A forging die that is also divided in the axial direction of the material 35a may be used, and the material 35a is stamped with a forging die 37, as shown in FIG. 5C. Then, as shown in FIG. 5D, the tape-shaped workpiece 35 b is removed from the forging die 37.
図 1 A〜 4 Cからも明らかな様に、 本形態の圧延工程では、 素材 As is clear from FIGS. 1A to 4C, in the rolling process of this embodiment, the material
3 5の移送方向へ先細り状になっている部分と素材 3 5の移送方向 とは逆方向へ先細り状になっている部分とに交互に素材 3 5が加工 されるので、 コイル状に巻回されている素材 3 5を連続的に加工す ることができる。 このため、 型鍛造に比べて加工速度が速いという 圧延の特徴を発揮させることができる。 Material 35 is machined alternately into a portion that tapers in the transfer direction of 35 and a portion that tapers in the opposite direction to the transfer direction of material 35, so it is wound in a coil. Material 3 5 can be processed continuously. For this reason, the rolling feature that the processing speed is faster than that of die forging can be exhibited.
なお、 以上の形態では、 図 2 Bの工程で総てのロール 1 4 a〜 1 In the above embodiment, all the rolls 14a to 1a in the process of FIG.
4 eの圧下が同時に解除されている力く、 ロール 1 4 eからロール 1 4 aへ向かう順序で圧下が解除されてもよい。 その場合は、 ロール 1 4 a〜 1 4 e同士の配置間隔が以上の形態と同じでも、 加工され た素材 3 5 において断面の直径が軸心方向で一定である部分が以上 の形態よ り も長く なる。 With the force that the reduction of 4 e is released at the same time, the reduction may be released in the order from the roll 14 e to the roll 14 a. In this case, even if the spacing between the rolls 14a to 14e is the same as in the above embodiment, the part where the cross-sectional diameter of the processed material 35 is constant in the axial direction is It is longer than the form.
逆に、 ロール 1 4 aからロール 1 4 eへ向かう順序で圧下が解除 される と、 加工された素材 3 5 において断面の直径が軸心方向で一 定である部分が以上の形態より も短く なる。 更に、 ロール 1 4 a〜 1 4 e の圧下が順次に解除される際に、 その解除の時間間隔が均一 ではないと、 ロール 1 4 a〜 1 4 eが等間隔に配置されていても、 加工された素材 3 5 において断面の直径が軸心方向で一定である部 分の長さ も均一ではなく なる。  Conversely, when the reduction is released in the order from the roll 14a to the roll 14e, the portion of the processed material 35 where the cross-sectional diameter is constant in the axial direction is shorter than the above configuration. Become. Furthermore, when the rolls 14a to 14e are sequentially released from rolling down, if the time intervals of the release are not uniform, even if the rolls 14a to 14e are arranged at equal intervals, In the processed material 35, the length of the portion where the cross-sectional diameter is constant in the axial direction also becomes non-uniform.
また、 以上の形態では基台 1 3上で圧延のための素材 3 5 の移送 方向に 5 個のロール群 1 2が順次に配置されている力 素材 3 5 の 材質や加工すべき形状等に応じて 5個以外の口ール群 1 2 が順次に 配置されていてもよい。 また、 以上の形態では各々のロール群 1 2 が 4個のロール 1 4 で構成されている力く、 素材 3 5 の加工すべき断 面形状等に応じて各々のロール群 1 2 が 2個や 3個等のロール 1 4 で構成されていてもよい。  Further, in the above embodiment, the material of the force material 35 in which five roll groups 12 are sequentially arranged in the transfer direction of the material 35 for rolling on the base 13, the shape of the material to be processed, etc. Accordingly, other than the five thread groups 12 may be sequentially arranged. In the above embodiment, each roll group 1 2 is composed of four rolls 14, and each roll group 12 has two rolls 12 according to the cross-sectional shape to be machined of the material 35. Or three or more rolls 14.
また、 以上の形態ではロールチ ヨ ッ ク 2 2 及びロール 1 4 に対す る圧下機構と して油圧ピス ト ン 3 1 等が用いられているが、 モータ で制御される送りネ ジ等が圧下機構と して用いられてもよい。 また 以上の形態では鍛造型 3 7 でテ一パ状の加工品 3 5 bを形成するた めの素材 3 5 aを形成するために圧延装置 1 1 で素材 3 5 を加工し ている力 断面の直径が軸心方向で階段状または連続的に変化して いる素材 3 5 aを最終加工品と して形成するためにのみ圧延装置 1 1 が用いられても当然によい。 産業上の利用の可能性  Further, in the above embodiment, the hydraulic piston 31 or the like is used as the rolling mechanism for the roll chuck 22 and the roll 14, but the feed screw controlled by the motor is used for the rolling mechanism. It may be used as Further, in the above-described embodiment, the force of processing the material 35 with the rolling mill 11 to form the material 35a for forming the tape-shaped workpiece 35b with the forging die 37 is used. Of course, the rolling device 11 may be used only to form the material 35a, whose diameter is stepwise or continuously changed in the axial direction, as a final product. Industrial applicability
本願の発明は、 例えば、 自動車の懸架装置用のコイルパネと して の樽形コイルバネゃ円錐形コイルパネの形成に好適なテ一パ状の棒 鋼を形成するために利用する こ とができる。 The invention of the present application is, for example, a coil panel for an automobile suspension system. The barrel-shaped coil spring can be used to form a tapered bar steel suitable for forming a conical coil panel.

Claims

請 求 の 範 囲 The scope of the claims
1 . 断面の直径が軸心方向で変化している素材を圧延で形成する 工程と、 1. Rolling a material whose cross-sectional diameter changes in the axial direction;
前記素材から型鍛造でテ一パ体を形成する工程と  Forming a taper body by die forging from the material;
を具備するテ一パ体の形成方法。 A method for forming a taper body comprising:
2 . 前記直径が前記軸心方向で階段状に変化している前記素材を 前記圧延で形成する請求の範囲第 1 項に記載のテ一パ体の形成方法 2. The method for forming a taper body according to claim 1, wherein the material whose diameter changes stepwise in the axial direction is formed by the rolling.
3 . 前記直径が前記軸心方向で連続的に変化している前記素材を 前記圧延で形成する請求の範囲第 1 項に記載のテーパ体の形成方法 4 . 順次に連なる各々の外周面に囲まれている空隙に素材が揷人 されてこの素材が圧延される複数のロールが設けられており、 各々が前記複数のロールで構成されている複数のロール群が前記 圧延のための前記素材の移送方向に順次に配置されており、 各々の前記ロール群における前記空隙が前記移送方向で順次に小さ く なつており、 3. The method for forming a tapered body according to claim 1, wherein the material whose diameter continuously changes in the axial direction is formed by the rolling. 4. Surrounded by the respective outer peripheral surfaces that are sequentially connected A plurality of rolls are provided in which the material is rolled and the material is rolled, and a plurality of roll groups each including the plurality of rolls form the material for the rolling. Are arranged sequentially in the transfer direction, the gap in each of the roll groups is sequentially reduced in the transfer direction,
前記複数のロール同士の接近による前記空隙の形成と前記複数の ロール同士の離隔による前記空隙の開放とを行う圧下機構が設けら れている圧延装置。  A rolling apparatus provided with a rolling-down mechanism for forming the gap by approaching the plurality of rolls and opening the gap by separating the plurality of rolls.
5 . 前記圧下機構が前記形成及び前記開放を前記口ール群毎に独 立して行う請求の範囲第 4項に記載の圧延装置。  5. The rolling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the rolling-down mechanism performs the forming and the opening independently for each of the stirrup groups.
6 . 前記圧下機構が総ての前記口ール群で同時に前記開放を行う 請求の範囲第 5項に記載の圧延装置。  6. The rolling apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the rolling-down mechanism simultaneously performs the opening in all the stirrup groups.
7 . 前記圧下機構が前記移送方向とは逆の方向で前記ロール群毎 に順次に前記開放を行う請求の範囲第 5項に記載の圧延装置。  7. The rolling apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the rolling-down mechanism sequentially performs the opening for each of the roll groups in a direction opposite to the transfer direction.
8 . 前記圧下機構が前記移送方向で前記ロール群毎に順次に前記 開放を行う請求の範囲第 5項に記載の圧延装置。 8. The rolling mechanism sequentially moves the roll group in the transfer direction for each of the roll groups. 6. The rolling device according to claim 5, wherein the rolling is performed.
9 . 前記開放同士の時間間隔が不均一である請求の範囲第 7項ま たは第 8項に記載の圧延装置。  9. The rolling apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a time interval between the openings is uneven.
PCT/JP2000/002613 1999-04-22 2000-04-21 Tapered body forming method and rolling device WO2000064604A1 (en)

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JP11543699A JP2003025006A (en) 1999-04-22 1999-04-22 Method for forming taper body, and rolling device
JP11/115436 1999-04-22

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CN104646415B (en) * 2015-01-20 2017-03-15 广东顺德三扬科技股份有限公司 A kind of wire pressing wheel mechanism
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JPH079056A (en) * 1993-06-25 1995-01-13 Morita & Co:Kk Manufacture of leaf spring
JPH09122702A (en) * 1995-10-31 1997-05-13 Kawasaki Steel Corp Device for forming end part of plate for web of welded wide flange shape
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