JPH1062624A - Polarizing plate with wide angle of visibility - Google Patents
Polarizing plate with wide angle of visibilityInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1062624A JPH1062624A JP8241287A JP24128796A JPH1062624A JP H1062624 A JPH1062624 A JP H1062624A JP 8241287 A JP8241287 A JP 8241287A JP 24128796 A JP24128796 A JP 24128796A JP H1062624 A JPH1062624 A JP H1062624A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- polarizing plate
- transparent protective
- polarizing film
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の技術分野】本発明は、良視認の視野角が広い液
晶表示装置を形成しうる広視野角偏光板に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polarizing plate having a wide viewing angle which can form a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle with good visibility.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】低電圧、低消費電力でＩＣ回路と直結で
き、表示機能が多様で軽量性等に優れるなどの多くの特
長に着目されてワードプロセッサやパーソナルコンピュ
ータ等のＯＡ機器やテレビジョン、カーナビゲーション
モニタや航空機コックピット用モニタなどの種々の表示
手段として液晶表示装置が広く普及しているが、ＣＲＴ
に比べて良視認の視野角の狭さが指摘されて久しい。2. Description of the Related Art OA equipment such as a word processor and a personal computer, a television, a car, etc. are focused on many features such as low voltage, low power consumption, direct connection to an IC circuit, various display functions, and excellent lightness. Liquid crystal display devices are widely used as various display means such as navigation monitors and monitors for aircraft cockpits.
It has long been pointed out that the narrow viewing angle of good visibility is compared to.
【０００３】前記視野角の狭さは、液晶に特有の光学的
異方性が視認性の視野角特性に影響して、偏光板を介し
液晶セルに入射した直線偏光が楕円偏光化したり、方位
角が変化することに原因があると考えられている。すな
わち、液晶セルを透過した当該偏光状態の表示光をその
まま視認側の偏光板に入射させると、視野角（見る角
度）の増大に伴い透過率が低下して表示明度が不足した
り、階調が反転したり、着色化等の色変化を生じるなど
の視認性の低下を招くものと考えられている。[0003] The narrow viewing angle is such that the optical anisotropy peculiar to the liquid crystal affects the viewing angle characteristic of visibility, so that the linearly polarized light incident on the liquid crystal cell via the polarizing plate becomes elliptically polarized, It is thought that the cause is that the angle changes. That is, when the display light in the polarization state transmitted through the liquid crystal cell is directly incident on the polarizing plate on the viewing side, the transmittance decreases with an increase in the viewing angle (viewing angle), and the display brightness becomes insufficient. Is considered to cause a reduction in visibility such as inversion of the color or a color change such as coloring.
【０００４】従来、液晶表示装置の良視認領域の拡大方
法、すなわち視野角の拡大方法としては、液晶セルに位
相差板を配置する方法が提案されており、その位相差板
としては、プラスチックフィルムにディスコチック液晶
層を付設した複屈折板を両面に透明保護層を設けた偏光
板と積層したものが知られていた（特開平６−２１４１
１６公報）。しかしながら、良視認視野角の拡大性の点
で改善効果に乏しくて満足できるものではなく、またカ
ールが発生しやすい問題点があった。当該カールは液晶
セルとの接着を阻害し、そのカールが液晶セルの歪に及
ぶと表示品位が大きく低下する。Conventionally, as a method of enlarging a good viewing area of a liquid crystal display device, that is, a method of enlarging a viewing angle, a method of arranging a retardation plate in a liquid crystal cell has been proposed. As the retardation plate, a plastic film is used. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-21141) is known in which a birefringent plate provided with a discotic liquid crystal layer is laminated with a polarizing plate provided with a transparent protective layer on both sides.
16 gazette). However, there is a problem that the improvement effect is poor in terms of expandability of a good viewing angle, and the effect is not satisfactory. The curl hinders adhesion to the liquid crystal cell, and if the curl causes distortion of the liquid crystal cell, the display quality is greatly reduced.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の技術的課題】本発明は、液晶表示装置における
良視認領域を拡大できてカールの少ない偏光板の開発を
課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to develop a polarizing plate which can enlarge a good viewing area in a liquid crystal display device and has less curl.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題の解決手段】本発明は、偏光フィルムの両側に透
明保護層を有する偏光板からなり、その片側の透明保護
層の片面又は両面に液晶ポリマーよりなる複屈折層を密
着状態で有してその遅相軸が前記偏光フィルムの透過軸
と平行関係又は直交関係にあることを特徴とする広視野
角偏光板を提供するものである。The present invention comprises a polarizing plate having a transparent protective layer on both sides of a polarizing film, and a birefringent layer made of a liquid crystal polymer on one side or both sides of the transparent protective layer on one side in an intimate contact state. The present invention provides a wide-viewing-angle polarizing plate, wherein the slow axis is in a parallel or orthogonal relationship with the transmission axis of the polarizing film.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の効果】複屈折層をその遅相軸が偏光フィルムの
透過軸と平行関係又は直交関係となるように配置するこ
とにより、偏光フィルム面に垂直な正面方向では複屈折
層による位相差の影響を受けずに輝度やコントラストの
低下を防止でき、かつ斜め方向の視認に対しては液晶セ
ルの複屈折性による直線偏光の状態変化を補償して、着
色化等の色変化や階調反転がなくてコントラストや明る
さに優れる良視認性の領域を拡大でき、視野角の広い液
晶表示装置を得ることができる。By arranging the birefringent layer such that its slow axis is parallel or orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing film, the retardation caused by the birefringent layer in the front direction perpendicular to the polarizing film surface is reduced. It is possible to prevent a decrease in brightness and contrast without being affected, and to compensate for changes in the state of linearly polarized light due to the birefringence of the liquid crystal for viewing in an oblique direction, color change such as coloring and gradation inversion. Without this, a region of good visibility with excellent contrast and brightness can be enlarged, and a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle can be obtained.
【０００８】前記において、偏光状態の維持を目的とし
た複屈折防止タイプのトリアセテートフィルムからなる
透明保護層を設けた一般的な偏光板でも、５〜１０nm程
度の面内位相差がありそれがフィルム面の法線方向に対
し４５度傾斜した方向では１５〜３０nm程度の位相差と
なるため、図３に示した如く偏光フィルム単独の場合に
比べ、かかる透明保護層を設けることで光学特性が低下
する。In the above, even a general polarizing plate provided with a transparent protective layer made of a triacetate film of anti-birefringence type for the purpose of maintaining the polarization state has an in-plane retardation of about 5 to 10 nm. Since the phase difference is about 15 to 30 nm in the direction inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the normal direction of the surface, the optical characteristics are deteriorated by providing such a transparent protective layer as compared with the case of using only the polarizing film as shown in FIG. I do.
【０００９】すなわち図３では、ヨウ素吸着の延伸ポリ
ビニルアルコールフィルムからなる偏光フィルムの両側
にトリアセテートフィルムを設けた一般的な偏光板、及
び偏光フィルム単独物をクロスニコルに配置して、透過
軸から４５度の方位における入射角６０度での直交透過
率の分光スペクトルを示しているが、かかる図から明ら
かなように、偏光フィルム単独物ではその直交透過率が
約２％であるのに対し、透明保護層付の偏光板では約３
％となり、その直交透過率に約１％の差が生じている。That is, in FIG. 3, a general polarizing plate in which a triacetate film is provided on both sides of a polarizing film made of an iodine-absorbed stretched polyvinyl alcohol film, and a polarizing film alone are arranged in a crossed Nicols, and 45 ° from the transmission axis. The spectrum of the orthogonal transmittance at an incident angle of 60 degrees in the azimuth direction is shown. As is clear from this figure, the orthogonal transmittance of the polarizing film alone is about 2%, whereas the transparent film is transparent. Approx. 3 for polarizing plate with protective layer
%, And a difference of about 1% occurs in the orthogonal transmittance.
【００１０】偏光板の法線方向である正面方向、すなわ
ち透明保護層の面内位相差が現れる方向での直交透過率
は、いずれの場合も約０．０３％であることから、当該
約１％の差は本来クロスニコルで透過しないはずのもの
が透明保護層に基づく偏光状態の変化で透過した光であ
り、これは斜め方向では透明保護層による位相差の増大
で偏光状態の変化が多くなることを意味する。従って複
屈折層を透明保護層に直接設けて透明保護層の単層化な
いし薄層化を図ることが良視認視野角の拡大に有効であ
り、またカールの抑制にも有効である。さらに液晶セル
への接着精度が向上し、配置不良品や外観不良品が減少
して液晶表示装置の歩留まりが向上すると共に、表示の
信頼性や視認性も向上する。The orthogonal transmittance in the front direction which is the normal direction of the polarizing plate, that is, the direction in which the in-plane retardation of the transparent protective layer appears is about 0.03% in each case. The difference in% is the light that should not be transmitted by crossed Nicols but is transmitted by the change in the polarization state based on the transparent protective layer. In the oblique direction, the change in the polarization state is large due to the increase in the phase difference due to the transparent protective layer. It means becoming. Therefore, providing a birefringent layer directly on the transparent protective layer to reduce the thickness of the transparent protective layer to a single layer or thinner is effective for widening the viewing angle for good viewing and also effective for suppressing curling. Further, the accuracy of adhesion to the liquid crystal cell is improved, defective placement products and appearance defects are reduced, the yield of the liquid crystal display device is improved, and the display reliability and visibility are also improved.
【００１１】さらに、偏光フィルム単独物の場合でも約
２％の直交透過率（光の抜け）を示して、これは偏光フ
ィルムに基づく偏光回転によるもので透明保護層による
ものではないが、本発明ではかかる偏光フィルムに基づ
く偏光回転による光の抜けも防止することができる。Further, even when the polarizing film is used alone, the cross transmittance (light leakage) of about 2% is exhibited. This is due to the polarization rotation based on the polarizing film and not due to the transparent protective layer. Thus, light leakage due to polarization rotation based on the polarizing film can be prevented.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施形態】本発明の広視野角偏光板は、偏光フ
ィルムの両側に透明保護層を有する偏光板からなり、そ
の片側の透明保護層の片面又は両面に液晶ポリマーより
なる複屈折層を密着状態で有してその遅相軸が前記偏光
フィルムの透過軸と平行関係又は直交関係にあるもので
ある。その例を図１、図２に示した。１が透明保護層、
３が偏光フィルム、４が複屈折層であり、矢印が透過
軸、遅相軸の方向を表している。なお２は接着層であ
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The wide viewing angle polarizing plate of the present invention comprises a polarizing plate having a transparent protective layer on both sides of a polarizing film, and a birefringent layer comprising a liquid crystal polymer on one or both sides of the transparent protective layer on one side. The polarizing film is in a close contact state, and its slow axis is in a parallel or orthogonal relationship with the transmission axis of the polarizing film. Examples thereof are shown in FIGS. 1 is a transparent protective layer,
Reference numeral 3 denotes a polarizing film, 4 denotes a birefringent layer, and arrows show directions of a transmission axis and a slow axis. Reference numeral 2 denotes an adhesive layer.
【００１３】偏光フィルムとしては、所定の偏光状態の
光が得られる適宜なものを用いうる。就中、直線偏光状
態の透過光が得られるものが好ましい。その例として
は、ポリビニルアルコール系系フィルムや部分ホルマー
ル化ポリビニルアルコール系系フィルム、エチレン・酢
酸ビニル共重合体系部分ケン化フィルムの如き親水性高
分子フィルムにヨウ素及び／又は二色性染料を吸着させ
て延伸したもの、ポリビニルアルコール系の脱水処理物
やポリ塩化ビニルの脱塩酸処理物の如きポリエン配向フ
ィルムなどがあげられる。偏光度の高い直線偏光を得る
点などより特に好ましく用いうる偏光フィルムは、ヨウ
素吸着の延伸ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムである。As the polarizing film, an appropriate film capable of obtaining light of a predetermined polarization state can be used. Above all, those capable of obtaining transmitted light in a linearly polarized state are preferable. For example, iodine and / or a dichroic dye is adsorbed on a hydrophilic polymer film such as a polyvinyl alcohol-based film, a partially formalized polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer-based partially saponified film. And polyene oriented films such as polyvinyl alcohol-based dehydration products and polyvinyl chloride dehydrochlorination products. A polarizing film that can be particularly preferably used, for example, to obtain linearly polarized light having a high degree of polarization is an iodine-adsorbed stretched polyvinyl alcohol-based film.
【００１４】偏光板は、偏光フィルムの両側に透明保護
層を設けたものであるが、その偏光板は反射層を有する
反射型のものであってもよい。反射型の偏光フィルム
は、視認側（表示側）からの入射光を反射させて表示す
るタイプの液晶表示装置などを形成するためのものであ
り、バックライト等の光源の内蔵を省略できて液晶表示
装置の薄型化をはかりやすいなどの利点を有している。The polarizing plate has a transparent protective layer provided on both sides of a polarizing film. The polarizing plate may be a reflection type having a reflection layer. The reflective polarizing film is used to form a liquid crystal display device or the like that reflects and reflects incident light from the viewing side (display side). It has advantages such as easy reduction in thickness of the display device.
【００１５】透明保護層は、プラスチックの塗布層や保
護フィルムの積層物などとして適宜に形成してよく、そ
の形成には透明性や機械的強度、熱安定性や水分遮蔽性
等に優れるプラスチックなどが好ましく用いられる。そ
の例としては、ポリエステル系やセルロース系、ポリエ
ーテルサルホン系やポリカーボネート系、ポリアミド系
やポリイミド系、ポリオレフィン系やアクリル系等のプ
ラスチック、あるいはアクリル系やウレタン系、アクリ
ルウレタン系やエポキシ系やシリコーン系等の熱硬化
型、ないし紫外線硬化型の樹脂などがあげられる。The transparent protective layer may be appropriately formed as a plastic coating layer or a laminate of a protective film. The transparent protective layer may be formed of a plastic or the like having excellent transparency, mechanical strength, heat stability and moisture shielding properties. Is preferably used. Examples include polyester-based, cellulose-based, polyethersulfone-based and polycarbonate-based, polyamide-based and polyimide-based, polyolefin-based and acrylic-based plastics, or acrylic-based, urethane-based, acrylic urethane-based, epoxy-based, and silicone-based plastics. Thermosetting or ultraviolet curable resins such as resin.
【００１６】透明保護層は、位相差が可及的に小さいほ
ど好ましく、かかる点よりセルロース系プラスチックフ
ィルム、就中トリアセチルセルロースフィルムが好まし
く用いられる。透明保護層は、微粒子の含有によりその
表面が微細凹凸構造に形成されていてもよい。透明保護
層の厚さは、位相差が複屈折の屈折率差（△ｎ：ｎx−
ｎy）と層厚（ｄ）の積（△ｎｄ）で決まることより薄
いほど好ましく、偏光フィルムの保護性などより一般に
は５００μm以下、就中５〜３００μm、特に１０〜２０
０μmとされる。The transparent protective layer is preferably as small as possible in retardation. From this point of view, a cellulosic plastic film, especially a triacetyl cellulose film, is preferably used. The surface of the transparent protective layer may be formed into a fine uneven structure by containing fine particles. The thickness of the transparent protective layer is determined by the refractive index difference of the birefringence (Δn: nx −
n y ) and the thickness (d) of the layer (d) are more preferably thinner than the product (△ nd), more generally 500 μm or less, especially 5 to 300 μm, especially 10 to 20
0 μm.
【００１７】上記した反射型偏光板の形成は、偏光板の
片側、特に液晶ポリマーからなる複屈折層を設けない側
の透明保護層に金属等からなる反射層を付設する方式な
どの適宜な方式で行うことができる。その具体例として
は、必要に応じマット処理した保護フィルム等の透明保
護層の片面に、アルミニウム等の反射性金属からなる箔
や蒸着膜を付設したものや、前記透明保護層の微粒子含
有による表面微細凹凸構造の上に蒸着方式やメッキ方式
などの適宜な方式で金属反射層を付設したものなどがあ
げられる。The above-mentioned reflective polarizing plate is formed by an appropriate method such as a method in which a reflective layer made of metal or the like is provided on one side of the polarizing plate, particularly on the transparent protective layer on the side where the birefringent layer made of a liquid crystal polymer is not provided. Can be done with Specific examples thereof include a transparent protective layer such as a protective film that has been subjected to a mat treatment as necessary, and a foil or a vapor-deposited film made of a reflective metal such as aluminum provided on one surface, or a surface containing fine particles of the transparent protective layer. An example in which a metal reflective layer is provided on a fine uneven structure by an appropriate method such as a vapor deposition method or a plating method is exemplified.
【００１８】本発明の偏光板は、前記において偏光フィ
ルムの両側に設ける透明保護層における液晶セル側に配
置される一方の片面又は両面に必要に応じ配向膜等を介
して液晶ポリマーからなる複屈折層を密着状態に直接設
けたものである。これにより液晶セルと偏光板の間に介
在する透明保護層を薄型化できて、視角の変化に対する
複屈折層の補償効果の有効性を向上させることができ良
視認性の視野角を拡大することができる。また透明保護
層の薄型化でカールも抑制することができる。The polarizing plate of the present invention has a birefringence comprising a liquid crystal polymer on one side or both sides of one side or both sides of the transparent protective layer provided on both sides of the polarizing film, which is disposed on the liquid crystal cell side, if necessary, via an alignment film or the like. The layer is directly provided in a close contact state. As a result, the thickness of the transparent protective layer interposed between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate can be reduced, the effectiveness of the compensation effect of the birefringent layer against a change in the viewing angle can be improved, and the viewing angle of good visibility can be increased. . Also, curling can be suppressed by reducing the thickness of the transparent protective layer.
【００１９】前記の複屈折層を形成する液晶ポリマーと
しては、視認性の改良効果等の点より、すなわち液晶セ
ルの垂直方向からの視角の変化に応じて遅相軸方向を変
化し、それにより偏光板の透過軸との間における遅相軸
の平行関係又は直交関係にズレを生じさせて、そのズレ
量に基づく光学異方性の発現性（補償に対応した位相差
の発現性）などの点より、ディスコチック液晶層を形成
するものが好ましく用いられる。The liquid crystal polymer forming the birefringent layer changes the slow axis direction in accordance with a change in the viewing angle from the vertical direction of the liquid crystal cell in view of the effect of improving the visibility and the like. A shift is generated in the parallel or orthogonal relationship of the slow axis with the transmission axis of the polarizing plate, and the occurrence of optical anisotropy based on the amount of the shift (the occurrence of a phase difference corresponding to the compensation), etc. From the standpoint, those forming a discotic liquid crystal layer are preferably used.
【００２０】ちなみに前記のディスコチック液晶層を形
成する液晶ポリマーの例としては、下記の化学式で表さ
れるものなどがあげられる。 （ただし、Ｒは、ｎ-Ｃ7Ｈ15ＣＯＯ−である。）Incidentally, examples of the liquid crystal polymer forming the discotic liquid crystal layer include those represented by the following chemical formula. (However, R is nC 7 H 15 COO—.)
【００２１】透明保護層の片面又は両面への液晶ポリマ
ーによるディスコチック液晶層の形成は、例えば必要に
応じ配向処理した透明保護層上に液晶ポリマーを展開し
て所定のディスコチック液晶層に配向した層とする方法
などの従来に準じた方法で行うことができる。従って液
晶ポリマーの展開に際しては、必要に応じて溶剤による
溶液や、加熱による溶融液などとすることができる。ま
た、液晶ポリマーの固化層をディスコチック液晶層に配
向させるに際しては必要に応じてガラス転移温度以上等
に加熱処理することもできる。The formation of the discotic liquid crystal layer with a liquid crystal polymer on one or both sides of the transparent protective layer is carried out, for example, by developing the liquid crystal polymer on the transparent protective layer which has been subjected to an alignment treatment as required and aligning the discotic liquid crystal layer to a predetermined discotic liquid crystal layer. It can be performed by a method according to the related art such as a method of forming a layer. Therefore, when the liquid crystal polymer is developed, a solution with a solvent or a melt by heating can be used as necessary. Further, when the solidified layer of the liquid crystal polymer is oriented to the discotic liquid crystal layer, heat treatment can be performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature, if necessary.
【００２２】なお前記した透明保護層に対する配向処理
としては、例えばポリイミドやポリビニルアルコール、
ポリエステルやポリアリレート、ポリアミドイミドやポ
リエーテルイミド等の付設膜をレーヨン布等でラビング
処理した配向膜、ＳｉＯ等の斜方蒸着層等からなる適宜
な配向膜を設ける方式、イオンビーム等により斜めエッ
チングする方式などがあげられる。As the orientation treatment for the transparent protective layer, for example, polyimide or polyvinyl alcohol,
An alignment film obtained by rubbing an attached film made of polyester, polyarylate, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, or the like with a rayon cloth or the like, a method of providing an appropriate alignment film made of an obliquely deposited layer of SiO or the like, oblique etching by an ion beam, etc. And the like.
【００２３】液晶ポリマーからなる複屈折層は、偏光板
形成時における遅相軸方向の制御性などの点より予め透
明保護層に設けてそれを偏光板の形成に供する方式が一
般的である。設ける複屈折層の厚さは、位相差特性など
に応じて適宜に決定でき、その位相差は液晶ポリマーの
厚さ方向や面内方向における配向状態や厚さ方向におけ
る主屈折率方向の液晶層法線方向に対する傾斜角や層厚
などで制御することができる。The birefringent layer made of a liquid crystal polymer is generally provided on a transparent protective layer in advance from the viewpoint of controllability in the slow axis direction at the time of forming the polarizing plate and then used for forming the polarizing plate. The thickness of the birefringent layer provided can be appropriately determined according to the retardation characteristics and the like, and the retardation is determined by the alignment state in the thickness direction or in-plane direction of the liquid crystal polymer and the liquid crystal layer in the main refractive index direction in the thickness direction. It can be controlled by the inclination angle with respect to the normal direction or the layer thickness.
【００２４】複屈折層の一般的な厚さは、視角変化に対
する補償効果や複屈折率差の波長分散による着色化防止
等による良視認性視野角の拡大効果などの点より、厚さ
方向の位相差（面内位相差）に基づいて５０〜２００n
m、就中１００〜１５０nmの複屈折性を示すものとされ
る。The general thickness of the birefringent layer is determined in the thickness direction in view of the effect of compensating for a change in viewing angle and the effect of enlarging the viewing angle of good visibility by preventing coloring due to wavelength dispersion of the birefringence difference. 50 to 200 n based on phase difference (in-plane phase difference)
m, especially birefringence of 100 to 150 nm.
【００２５】特に好ましい複屈折層は、面内における主
屈折率をｎxとｎy、厚さ方向の屈折率をｎzとしたとき
に、ｎx＞ｎyの条件下、式：（ｎx−ｎz）／（ｎx−
ｎy）で定義されるＮzが−１〜３、就中０．２〜２．５
の範囲にあるものである。これにより、上記した視角が
正面方向よりズレた場合における複屈折層の遅相軸と偏
光フィルムの透過軸とのズレによる複屈折性の発現量を
良視認の視野角拡大に有利な状態で調節することができ
る。Ｎzが前記範囲外では視角による遅相軸の変化が大
きくなって補償できる視野角の範囲が狭くなり、広視野
角化が困難となる。なお前記の式における各屈折率は、
ナトリウムＤ線に基づく。[0025] Particularly preferred birefringent layer, the main refractive index in a plane n x and n y, the refractive index in the thickness direction is taken as n z, under conditions of n x> n y, wherein: (n x -n z) / (n x -
N z is -1～3 defined by n y), especially 0.2 to 2.5
Is in the range. Thereby, when the above-mentioned viewing angle is deviated from the front direction, the birefringence expression amount due to the deviation between the slow axis of the birefringent layer and the transmission axis of the polarizing film is adjusted in a state advantageous for widening the viewing angle for good visibility. can do. When Nz is out of the above range, the change of the slow axis due to the viewing angle becomes large, the range of the compensable viewing angle becomes narrow, and it becomes difficult to widen the viewing angle. Note that each refractive index in the above equation is
Based on sodium D line.
【００２６】液晶ポリマーからなる複屈折層は、上記し
たように透明保護層の片面又は両面に設けうるが、その
場合、各複屈折層は同種又は異種の液晶ポリマー層を重
畳させた層とすることもできる。なお複屈折層の表面に
は、必要に応じて保護層を設けてもよい。The birefringent layer made of a liquid crystal polymer can be provided on one or both sides of the transparent protective layer as described above. In this case, each birefringent layer is a layer in which the same or different liquid crystal polymer layers are superimposed. You can also. Note that a protective layer may be provided on the surface of the birefringent layer as needed.
【００２７】本発明の広視野角偏光板は、液晶セルの複
屈折による視角特性の補償に好ましく用いうるが、その
形成は液晶表示装置の製造過程で透明保護層と偏光フィ
ルムを順次別個に積層する方式や、予め積層物としてそ
れを用いる方式などの適宜な方式で行うことができる。
後者の事前積層化方式が、品質の安定性や積層作業性等
に優れて液晶表示装置の製造効率を向上させうる利点な
どがある。The wide viewing angle polarizing plate of the present invention can be preferably used for compensating for viewing angle characteristics due to birefringence of a liquid crystal cell. The polarizing plate is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent protective layer and a polarizing film separately in the process of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device. Or a suitable method such as a method of using it as a laminate in advance.
The latter pre-lamination method has an advantage that the stability of the quality, the laminating workability and the like are excellent and the production efficiency of the liquid crystal display device can be improved.
【００２８】偏光フィルムへの透明保護層の積層配置等
に際しては、その偏光フィルムの透過軸と複屈折層の遅
相軸とが平行関係又は直交関係となるように行われる
が、その平行関係又は直交関係は厳密な意味での平行又
は直交状態に限定されず、作業上の配置誤差などは許容
される。また透過軸や遅相軸の方向にバラツキがある場
合などには、全体としての平均方向に基づいて平行関係
又は直交関係に配置される。When the transparent protective layer is laminated on the polarizing film, the transmission axis of the polarizing film and the slow axis of the birefringent layer are parallel or orthogonal to each other. The orthogonal relation is not limited to a parallel or orthogonal state in a strict sense, and a work placement error or the like is allowed. When there is a variation in the direction of the transmission axis or the slow axis, for example, they are arranged in a parallel relationship or an orthogonal relationship based on the average direction as a whole.
【００２９】偏光フィルムと透明保護層の積層に際して
は、必要に応じ接着層等を介して固定することができ
る。軸関係のズレ防止等の点よりは接着固定することが
好ましい。接着には、例えばアクリル系やシリコーン
系、ポリエステル系やポリウレタン系、ポリエーテル系
やゴム系等からなる透明な感圧接着剤などの適宜な接着
剤を用いることができ、その種類については特に限定は
ない。光学特性の変化を防止する点などよりは、硬化や
乾燥の際に高温のプロセスを要しないものが好ましく、
長時間の硬化処理や乾燥時間を要しないものが望まし
い。また加熱や加湿条件下に剥離等を生じないものが好
ましい。When laminating the polarizing film and the transparent protective layer, they can be fixed via an adhesive layer or the like, if necessary. Adhesion and fixing are preferred from the viewpoint of preventing axial displacement. For the bonding, for example, an appropriate adhesive such as a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive made of acrylic, silicone, polyester, polyurethane, polyether, or rubber can be used. There is no. Rather than preventing changes in optical properties, those that do not require a high-temperature process during curing or drying are preferable,
It is desirable to use one that does not require a long curing treatment or drying time. Further, a material that does not cause peeling or the like under heating or humidifying conditions is preferable.
【００３０】かかる点より、（メタ）アクリル酸ブチル
や（メタ）アクリル酸メチル、（メタ）アクリル酸エチ
ルや（メタ）アクリル酸の如きモノマーを成分とする重
量平均分子量が１０万以上で、ガラス転移温度が０℃以
下のアクリル系ポリマーをベースポリマーとするアクリ
ル系感圧接着剤が特に好ましく用いうる。またアクリル
系感圧接着剤は、透明性や耐候性や耐熱性などに優れる
点よりも好ましい。なお屈折率が異なるものを積層する
場合には、反射損の抑制などの点より中間の屈折率を有
する接着剤等が好ましく用いられる。In view of the above, glass having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 or more containing a monomer such as butyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate or (meth) acrylic acid, Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives containing an acrylic polymer having a transition temperature of 0 ° C. or lower as a base polymer can be particularly preferably used. Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are more preferable than those having excellent transparency, weather resistance and heat resistance. When layers having different refractive indices are laminated, an adhesive or the like having an intermediate refractive index is preferably used from the viewpoint of suppressing reflection loss.
【００３１】接着剤には、必要に応じて例えば天然物や
合成物の樹脂類、ガラス繊維やガラスビーズ、金属粉や
その他の無機粉末等からなる充填剤や顔料、着色剤や酸
化防止剤などの適宜な添加剤を配合することもできる。
また微粒子を含有させて光拡散性を示す接着層とするこ
ともできる。If necessary, the adhesive may be, for example, a resin or a natural or synthetic resin, a filler or a pigment comprising a glass fiber or a glass bead, a metal powder or other inorganic powder, a coloring agent or an antioxidant. Can be added.
Further, an adhesive layer exhibiting light diffusing properties can be formed by incorporating fine particles.
【００３２】なお上記した偏光フィルムや透明保護層や
接着層などの各層は、例えばサリチル酸エステル系化合
物やベンゾフェノール系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系
化合物やシアノアクリレート系化合物、ニッケル錯塩系
化合物等の紫外線吸収剤で処理する方式などにより紫外
線吸収能をもたせることもできる。The above-mentioned layers such as the polarizing film, the transparent protective layer and the adhesive layer may be made of, for example, an ultraviolet absorbent such as a salicylate compound, a benzophenol compound, a benzotriazole compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, a nickel complex salt compound, etc. UV-absorbing ability can be imparted by a method of treating with UV light.
【００３３】広視野角偏光板を用いての液晶表示装置の
形成は、従来に準じて行いうる。すなわち液晶表示装置
は一般に、液晶セルと偏光板、及び必要に応じての照明
システム等の構成部品を適宜に組立てて駆動回路を組込
むことなどにより形成されるが、本発明においては当該
広視野角偏光板を液晶セルの少なくとも片側に設ける点
を除いて特に限定はなく、従来に準じうる。The formation of a liquid crystal display device using a wide-viewing-angle polarizing plate can be performed according to a conventional method. That is, a liquid crystal display device is generally formed by appropriately assembling components such as a liquid crystal cell, a polarizing plate, and an illumination system as necessary and incorporating a driving circuit. In the present invention, the wide viewing angle is used. There is no particular limitation, except that the polarizing plate is provided on at least one side of the liquid crystal cell, and it can be in accordance with the conventional art.
【００３４】従って、液晶セルの片側又は両側に広視野
角偏光板を配置した液晶表示装置や、照明システムにバ
ックライトあるいは反射板を用いたものなどの適宜な液
晶表示装置を形成することができる。その場合、広視野
角偏光板は複屈折層を設けた透明保護層が液晶セルと偏
光フィルムとの間、特に視認側の偏光フィルムとの間に
位置するように配置することが補償効果の点などより好
ましい。なお広視野角偏光板の実用に際しては、液晶表
示装置を形成するための他の光学素子等との積層物など
の適宜な形態で用いることができる。Therefore, an appropriate liquid crystal display device such as a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle polarizing plate disposed on one or both sides of a liquid crystal cell, or a backlight device or a reflection plate used in an illumination system can be formed. . In this case, the wide viewing angle polarizing plate is arranged so that the transparent protective layer provided with the birefringent layer is located between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing film, particularly between the polarizing film on the viewing side and the compensation effect. More preferred. When the wide viewing angle polarizing plate is put to practical use, it can be used in an appropriate form such as a laminate with another optical element or the like for forming a liquid crystal display device.
【００３５】図４、図５に広視野角偏光板を用いた液晶
表示装置の構成例を示した。５が液晶セル、６がバック
ライトシステム、８が反射層である。なお７は光拡散板
である。図４のものは両側に広視野角偏光板を配置した
バックライト型照明システムのものであり、図５のもの
は片側にのみ広視野角偏光板を配置した反射型照明シス
テムのものである。FIGS. 4 and 5 show examples of the structure of a liquid crystal display device using a polarizing plate with a wide viewing angle. 5 is a liquid crystal cell, 6 is a backlight system, and 8 is a reflective layer. Reference numeral 7 denotes a light diffusion plate. FIG. 4 shows a backlight type illumination system in which a wide viewing angle polarizing plate is arranged on both sides, and FIG. 5 shows a reflection type illumination system in which a wide viewing angle polarizing plate is arranged only on one side.
【００３６】前記において液晶表示装置の形成部品は、
積層一体化されていてもよいし、分離状態にあってもよ
い。また液晶表示装置の形成に際しては、例えば拡散板
やアンチグレア層、反射防止膜、保護層や保護板などの
適宜な光学素子を適宜に配置することができる。本発明
の広視野角偏光板は、ＴＮ型やＳＴＮ型等の複屈折を示
す液晶セルを用いたＴＦＴ型やＭＩＭ型等の種々の表示
装置に好ましく用いうる。In the above, the forming parts of the liquid crystal display device are as follows:
They may be laminated and integrated, or may be in a separated state. In forming a liquid crystal display device, for example, appropriate optical elements such as a diffusion plate, an antiglare layer, an antireflection film, a protective layer and a protective plate can be appropriately arranged. The wide viewing angle polarizing plate of the present invention can be preferably used for various display devices such as a TFT type and an MIM type using a liquid crystal cell exhibiting birefringence such as a TN type or an STN type.
【００３７】[0037]
実施例１ △ｎｄ：５nm、４５度△ｎｄ（遅相軸方向に４５度傾斜
した入射光の平均値）：１５nm、厚さ８０μmのトリア
セチルセルロースフィルムの片面に液晶ポリマーのディ
スコチック液晶層を密着付設した透明保護層を、厚さ８
０μmのポリビニルアルコールフィルムをヨウ素水溶液
中で５倍に延伸処理したのち乾燥させてなる偏光フィル
ムの片面に、アクリル系感圧接着層を介して接着し、偏
光フィルムの他面にアクリル系感圧接着層を介して前記
と同じ位相差特性を示す厚さ８０μmのトリアセチルセ
ルロースフィルムからなる透明保護層を接着して総厚さ
が２１０μmの広視野角偏光板を得た。なお透明保護層
の接着処理は、複屈折層の遅相軸が偏光フィルムの透過
軸と平行関係となるように行った。Example 1 Δnd: 5 nm, 45 ° Δnd (average value of incident light inclined at 45 ° in the slow axis direction): 15 nm, a discotic liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal polymer on one side of a 80 μm thick triacetyl cellulose film. The transparent protective layer that has been closely attached is
A 0 μm polyvinyl alcohol film is stretched 5 times in an aqueous solution of iodine, dried and then adhered to one surface of a polarizing film via an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive to the other surface of the polarizing film. A transparent protective layer made of a triacetylcellulose film having a thickness of 80 μm and exhibiting the same retardation characteristics as described above was adhered to each other via a layer to obtain a polarizing plate having a wide viewing angle of 210 μm in total thickness. The transparent protective layer was bonded so that the slow axis of the birefringent layer had a parallel relationship with the transmission axis of the polarizing film.
【００３８】比較例 偏光フィルムの両面に同じ位相差特性を示す厚さ８０μ
mのトリアセチルセルロースフィルムからなる透明保護
層を接着して偏光板としたのち、その片面にディスコチ
ック液晶層付設の透明保護層を接着したほかは実施例１
に準じて総厚さが３１５μmの偏光板得た。Comparative Example A thickness of 80 μm showing the same retardation characteristics on both surfaces of the polarizing film.
Example 1 except that a transparent protective layer made of a m-acetylacetyl cellulose film was adhered to form a polarizing plate, and a transparent protective layer provided with a discotic liquid crystal layer was adhered to one surface thereof.
A polarizing plate having a total thickness of 315 μm was obtained in accordance with the above.
【００３９】評価試験 実施例、比較例で得た（広視野角）偏光板を実施例同
士、比較例同士の組合せでＴＦＴ型液晶セルの両側（フ
ロント／リア）に配置して、上下及び左右における良視
認の視野角を調べた。なお視認不良は、表示の黒色化で
コントラストが低下する黒つぶれ、表示の白色化でコン
トラストが低下する白呆け、又は階調の反転が現れた状
態で判定した。Evaluation Test The polarizing plates obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples (wide viewing angle) were arranged on both sides (front / rear) of a TFT type liquid crystal cell in a combination of Examples and Comparative Examples, and were vertically and horizontally. The viewing angle of good visibility was examined. In addition, the poor visual recognition was determined in a state in which the blackening of the display caused a decrease in contrast due to the blackening of the display, the white spot in which the contrast decreased due to the whitening of the display, or the inversion of the gradation appeared.
【００４０】前記の結果を次表に示した。なお表には、
偏光板の長辺方向におけるカール度も示した。 The results are shown in the following table. In the table,
The curl degree in the long side direction of the polarizing plate is also shown.
【図１】広視野角偏光板例の部分断面斜視図FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of an example of a wide viewing angle polarizing plate.
【図２】他の広視野角偏光板例の部分断面斜視図FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of another example of a wide viewing angle polarizing plate.
【図３】従来例の光学特性を示したグラフFIG. 3 is a graph showing optical characteristics of a conventional example.
【図４】液晶表示装置例の断面図FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a liquid crystal display device.
【図５】他の液晶表示装置例の断面図FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a liquid crystal display device.
１：透明保護層 ２：接着層 ３：偏光フィルム ４：複屈折層 ５：液晶セル 1: transparent protective layer 2: adhesive layer 3: polarizing film 4: birefringent layer 5: liquid crystal cell
Claims (4)
る偏光板からなり、その片側の透明保護層が片面又は両
面に液晶ポリマーよりなる複屈折層を密着状態で有して
その遅相軸が前記偏光フィルムの透過軸と平行関係又は
直交関係にあることを特徴とする広視野角偏光板。1. A polarizing film comprising a polarizing plate having a transparent protective layer on both sides of a polarizing film, wherein the transparent protective layer on one side has a birefringent layer made of a liquid crystal polymer on one side or both sides in an intimate contact state, and its slow axis is A wide viewing angle polarizing plate, which is in a parallel relationship or a perpendicular relationship with a transmission axis of the polarizing film.
素吸着の延伸ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム、透明保
護層がセルロース系プラスチックフィルム、複屈折層が
ディスコチック液晶ポリマー層からなり、少なくとも片
側の表面に感圧接着層を有する広視野角偏光板。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polarizing film comprises an iodine-adsorbed stretched polyvinyl alcohol-based film, the transparent protective layer comprises a cellulose-based plastic film, and the birefringent layer comprises a discotic liquid crystal polymer layer. A wide-viewing-angle polarizing plate having an adhesive layer.
転移温度０℃以下のアクリル系ポリマーをベースポリマ
ーとするものである広視野角偏光板。3. The wide-viewing-angle polarizing plate according to claim 2, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprises an acrylic polymer having a glass transition temperature of 0 ° C. or lower as a base polymer.
〜３に記載の広視野角偏光板をその液晶ポリマーよりな
る複屈折層側を介して有することを特徴とする液晶表示
装置。4. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one side of the liquid crystal cell is provided.
4. A liquid crystal display device comprising the wide-viewing-angle polarizing plate described in any one of items 1 to 3 above via a birefringent layer made of a liquid crystal polymer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24128796A JP3408930B2 (en) | 1996-08-22 | 1996-08-22 | Wide viewing angle polarizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24128796A JP3408930B2 (en) | 1996-08-22 | 1996-08-22 | Wide viewing angle polarizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1062624A true JPH1062624A (en) | 1998-03-06 |
| JP3408930B2 JP3408930B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 |
Family
ID=17072029
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24128796A Expired - Lifetime JP3408930B2 (en) | 1996-08-22 | 1996-08-22 | Wide viewing angle polarizer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3408930B2 (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001290027A (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2001-10-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | Method for manufacturing optical polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
| JP2001290025A (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2001-10-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | Optical polarizing plate, its manufacturing method and liquid crystal display device |
| JP2001290026A (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2001-10-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | Method for manufacturing optical polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device provided with optical polarizing plate |
| JP2001296426A (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-10-26 | Nitto Denko Corp | Method for manufacturing polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
| JP2002022942A (en) * | 2000-07-04 | 2002-01-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Optical compensation sheet, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
| JP2002040255A (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-06 | Nitto Denko Corp | Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device using the same |
| US6859241B2 (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2005-02-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method of producing polarizing plate, and liquid crystal display comprising the polarizing plate |
| JP2005196149A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-21 | Nec Lcd Technologies Ltd | Liquid crystal display |
| JP2006276202A (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2006-10-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Optical compensation film, polarizing plate, and liquid crystal display device |
| KR101023979B1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2011-03-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Wide-viewing angle plate, method of manufacturing the same and liquid crystal display device having the same |
| KR20160106595A (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2016-09-12 | 미쓰비시 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | Thermosetting resin composition, cured member and overcoat layer formed using same, polarizing element provided with said overcoat layer, and image display device |
| KR20170021755A (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-02-28 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | Convex plane side polarizing plate for curved image display panel |
| KR20170021754A (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-02-28 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | Polarizing plate for curved image display panel |
| KR20170021753A (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-02-28 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | Polarizing plate for curved image display panel |
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1996
- 1996-08-22 JP JP24128796A patent/JP3408930B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001290027A (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2001-10-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | Method for manufacturing optical polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
| JP2001290025A (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2001-10-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | Optical polarizing plate, its manufacturing method and liquid crystal display device |
| JP2001290026A (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2001-10-19 | Nitto Denko Corp | Method for manufacturing optical polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device provided with optical polarizing plate |
| JP2001296426A (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-10-26 | Nitto Denko Corp | Method for manufacturing polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
| JP2002022942A (en) * | 2000-07-04 | 2002-01-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Optical compensation sheet, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
| JP2002040255A (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-06 | Nitto Denko Corp | Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device using the same |
| US6954240B2 (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2005-10-11 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method of producing polarizing plate, and liquid crystal display comprising the polarizing plate |
| US6859241B2 (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2005-02-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method of producing polarizing plate, and liquid crystal display comprising the polarizing plate |
| KR101023979B1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2011-03-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Wide-viewing angle plate, method of manufacturing the same and liquid crystal display device having the same |
| JP2005196149A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-21 | Nec Lcd Technologies Ltd | Liquid crystal display |
| US7826016B2 (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2010-11-02 | Nec Lcd Technologies, Ltd. | IPS LCD device having a wider viewing angle |
| US7952658B2 (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2011-05-31 | Nec Lcd Technologies, Ltd. | IPS LCD device having a wider viewing angle |
| JP2006276202A (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2006-10-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Optical compensation film, polarizing plate, and liquid crystal display device |
| KR20160106595A (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2016-09-12 | 미쓰비시 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | Thermosetting resin composition, cured member and overcoat layer formed using same, polarizing element provided with said overcoat layer, and image display device |
| KR20170021755A (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-02-28 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | Convex plane side polarizing plate for curved image display panel |
| KR20170021754A (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-02-28 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | Polarizing plate for curved image display panel |
| KR20170021753A (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-02-28 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | Polarizing plate for curved image display panel |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3408930B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 |
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