JPH10235373A - Water treatment - Google Patents
Water treatmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10235373A JPH10235373A JP5557997A JP5557997A JPH10235373A JP H10235373 A JPH10235373 A JP H10235373A JP 5557997 A JP5557997 A JP 5557997A JP 5557997 A JP5557997 A JP 5557997A JP H10235373 A JPH10235373 A JP H10235373A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- aluminum
- solid
- activated carbon
- liquid separation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明方法は、水処理方法に
関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、河川水、井水、湖
水などの水道用原水、工業用水、工場排水に生物処理や
凝集処理などの適切な一次処理を行った排水などに、ア
ルミニウム系凝集剤を添加して水中の不純物である懸濁
物や有機物を凝集処理し、その処理水を飲料用水、生産
用水などとして利用するに際して、固液分離工程におい
て発生するアルミニウム含有汚泥よりアルミニウムを回
収し再利用することができる水処理方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water treatment method. More specifically, the present invention provides an aqueous coagulant for raw water for tap water such as river water, well water, and lake water, industrial water, and wastewater that has been subjected to an appropriate primary treatment such as biological treatment or coagulation treatment for industrial wastewater. Suspended substances and organic substances, which are impurities in the water, are added and coagulated, and when the treated water is used as drinking water, production water, etc., aluminum is collected and reused from the aluminum-containing sludge generated in the solid-liquid separation process. Water treatment method that can be performed.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】水中に存在するコロイドなどの微細粒子
は、単純な重力沈殿では固液分離することができないの
で、凝集処理によって微細粒子を集合させ、粗大粒子に
成長させて分離を容易にする。凝集処理は、凝集剤を加
えて粒子の表面電荷を中和し、粒子間の反発力を弱める
という化学的手段と、撹拌により粒子を衝突させ、フロ
ックを成長させるという物理的手段が併用される。凝集
剤としては、各種の無機凝集剤や有機凝集剤が使用され
るが、アルミニウム系凝集剤は最も一般的な凝集剤の一
つである。飲料水や生産用水を得るための凝集処理工程
においては、アルミニウム系凝集剤を添加して水中の不
純物を凝集する凝集工程、沈殿槽などを用いて凝集フロ
ックを分離する固液分離工程、固液分離工程において分
離されなかった微粒子を除去するろ過工程、有機物の含
有量の低い処理水を得るために活性炭と接触させる活性
炭吸着工程などが組み合わされる。固液分離工程で発生
した汚泥は、凝集剤として用いたアルミニウムを含有す
るが、通常はフィルタープレスなどの脱水機を用いて水
分を分離したのち、脱水ケーキとして処分される。アル
ミニウムを含む汚泥は一般に脱水性が悪く、脱水ケーキ
は８０〜８５重量％の水分を含むため脱水ケーキの発生
量が多くなり、脱水ケーキの発生量を減少させたいとす
る要望は大きいが、まだ適切な手段は見いだされていな
い。アルミニウムを含有する汚泥に酸を添加してアルミ
ニウムを溶出させ、溶出したアルミニウムを凝集剤とし
て再利用することが試みられている。しかし、汚泥中に
は、原水を凝集処理した際に有機物も取り込まれている
ので、酸を添加して溶出したアルミニウム溶液にも有機
物が含まれている。そのため、このアルミニウム溶液を
そのまま凝集剤として利用すると、水中の有機物の濃度
が高くなり、良好な水質の処理水を得ることが困難であ
る。回収したアルミニウム溶液中の有機物を除去するた
めに、活性炭と接触させて処理する方法が提案されてい
るが、活性炭の使用はアルミニウム回収の費用増大を招
くことになり、現実にはほとんど実用化されていない。2. Description of the Related Art Fine particles such as colloids existing in water cannot be separated into solids and liquids by simple gravity sedimentation. Therefore, the fine particles are aggregated by agglomeration and grown into coarse particles to facilitate separation. . The coagulation treatment uses both chemical means to neutralize the surface charge of the particles by adding a coagulant and weaken the repulsion between the particles, and physical means to collide the particles with stirring and grow flocs. . As the coagulant, various inorganic coagulants and organic coagulants are used, and an aluminum-based coagulant is one of the most common coagulants. In the coagulation process for obtaining drinking water or production water, a coagulation process in which an aluminum coagulant is added to coagulate impurities in water, a solid-liquid separation process in which coagulated flocs are separated using a sedimentation tank, etc. A filtration step of removing fine particles not separated in the separation step, an activated carbon adsorption step of contacting with activated carbon to obtain a treated water having a low organic matter content, and the like are combined. The sludge generated in the solid-liquid separation step contains aluminum used as a flocculant, but is usually disposed of using a dehydrator such as a filter press to separate water and then dewatered as a dewatered cake. Sludge containing aluminum generally has poor dewatering properties, and the dewatered cake contains 80 to 85% by weight of water, so that the amount of dewatered cake generated increases, and there is a great demand to reduce the amount of dewatered cake generated. No appropriate means have been found. Attempts have been made to add aluminum to sludge containing aluminum to elute aluminum, and to reuse the eluted aluminum as a flocculant. However, since organic matter is also taken into the sludge when the raw water is subjected to the coagulation treatment, the aluminum solution eluted by adding the acid also contains the organic matter. Therefore, when this aluminum solution is used as it is as a coagulant, the concentration of organic substances in the water increases, and it is difficult to obtain treated water having good water quality. In order to remove the organic matter in the recovered aluminum solution, a method of treating by contacting with activated carbon has been proposed. However, the use of activated carbon causes an increase in the cost of aluminum recovery, and is practically practically practical. Not.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、原水にアル
ミニウム系凝集剤を添加して水中の不純物を凝集処理、
固液分離したのち活性炭処理し、その処理水を飲料用
水、生産用水などとして利用するに際して、固液分離工
程において発生するアルミニウム含有汚泥よりアルミニ
ウムを回収し、有効に再利用することができる水処理方
法を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for coagulating impurities in water by adding an aluminum coagulant to raw water;
Activated carbon treatment after solid-liquid separation, and when the treated water is used as drinking water, production water, etc., water treatment that can recover aluminum from the aluminum-containing sludge generated in the solid-liquid separation process and reuse it effectively It is intended to provide a method.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上記の課題
を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、水中の有機物濃度
が高いほど、かつ酸性側の方が有機物の飽和吸着量が多
くなるという活性炭の性質を利用し、アルミニウム含有
汚泥よりアルミニウム溶存液を回収し、水処理工程にお
いて清澄水の処理に用いた老活性炭と接触させることに
より、アルミニウム溶存液中の有機物を、アルミニウム
溶存液の凝集剤としての再利用が可能な水準にまで低減
し得ることを見いだし、この知見に基づいて本発明を完
成するに至った。すなわち、本発明は、被処理水を、ア
ルミニウム系凝集剤を添加して凝集処理する凝集工程、
不溶性物質を分離する固液分離工程及び固液分離工程か
ら得られる清澄水を活性炭と接触させる活性炭吸着工程
を経て順次処理する水処理方法において、固液分離工程
から発生するアルミニウム含有汚泥のpHを３以下に調整
し、固液分離によりアルミニウム溶存液を得たのち、ア
ルミニウム溶存液を活性炭吸着工程において使用した老
活性炭と接触させることを特徴とする水処理方法を提供
するものである。The present inventor has conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, the higher the organic matter concentration in water and the more acidic the acidic side, the larger the saturated adsorption amount of the organic matter. Utilizing the property of activated carbon, the aluminum dissolved liquid is recovered from the aluminum-containing sludge and brought into contact with the aged activated carbon used for the treatment of the clarified water in the water treatment step, whereby the organic matter in the aluminum dissolved liquid is converted into the aluminum dissolved liquid. They have found that it can be reused as a flocculant to a usable level, and have completed the present invention based on this finding. That is, the present invention provides an agglomeration step of subjecting water to be treated to an agglomeration treatment by adding an aluminum-based coagulant,
In a water treatment method in which a solid-liquid separation step of separating insoluble substances and a clarified water obtained from the solid-liquid separation step are sequentially treated through an activated carbon adsorption step of contacting with activated carbon, the pH of the aluminum-containing sludge generated from the solid-liquid separation step is adjusted The present invention provides a water treatment method characterized in that the aluminum solution is adjusted to 3 or less, an aluminum solution is obtained by solid-liquid separation, and then the aluminum solution is brought into contact with the aged activated carbon used in the activated carbon adsorption step.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明方法においては、河川水、
井水、湖水などの水道用原水、工業用水、工場排水に生
物処理や凝集処理などの適切な一次処理を行った排水な
どの被処理水に、アルミニウム系凝集剤を添加して凝集
処理を行う。使用するアルミニウム系凝集剤には特に制
限はなく、例えば、硫酸バンド、酸化アルミニウム、塩
化アルミニウム、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、アルミン酸ナ
トリウムなどを挙げることができる。アルミニウム系凝
集剤の添加量は、原水の水質に応じて適宜選定すること
ができるが、通常は凝集剤として数十〜数百ppmを添加
することにより十分な効果を得ることができる。本発明
方法においては、必要に応じて、アルミニウム系凝集剤
に加えて他の凝集剤を併用することができる。このよう
な凝集剤としては、例えば、硫酸第一鉄、塩化第二鉄な
どの無機凝集剤、アルギン酸ナトリウム、ポリエチレン
イミン、ポリアクリルアミドの部分加水分解物などの有
機凝集剤などを挙げることができる。アルミニウム系凝
集剤を添加し、必要に応じてpH調整を行った被処理水
は、凝集反応槽に導入して、撹拌しつつ凝集反応を行
う。凝集反応により、被処理水中の懸濁物、溶存金属、
おおむね分子量５千〜６千以上の有機物などが不溶化
し、フロック化する。凝集反応を終えた被処理水は、次
いで固液分離工程に導き、凝集物を分離して清澄水とア
ルミニウム含有汚泥とに分ける。使用する固液分離装置
には特に制限はなく、例えば、沈殿槽、加圧浮上分離
槽、膜分離装置などを挙げることができる。固液分離に
より発生するアルミニウム含有汚泥の濃度は、通常は固
形分として１〜３重量％程度である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the method of the present invention, river water,
Coagulation treatment is performed by adding an aluminum-based coagulant to treated water such as raw water for tap water such as well water and lake water, industrial water, and wastewater obtained by subjecting factory wastewater to appropriate primary treatment such as biological treatment or coagulation treatment. . The aluminum-based flocculant to be used is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a sulfuric acid band, aluminum oxide, aluminum chloride, polyaluminum chloride, and sodium aluminate. The addition amount of the aluminum-based flocculant can be appropriately selected according to the quality of the raw water, but usually a sufficient effect can be obtained by adding tens to hundreds of ppm as the flocculant. In the method of the present invention, if necessary, other coagulants can be used in addition to the aluminum-based coagulant. Examples of such a coagulant include inorganic coagulants such as ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride, and organic coagulants such as sodium alginate, polyethyleneimine, and a partial hydrolyzate of polyacrylamide. The water to be treated, to which an aluminum-based coagulant has been added and the pH of which has been adjusted as necessary, is introduced into a coagulation reaction tank, and a coagulation reaction is performed while stirring. By the agglutination reaction, suspensions in the water to be treated, dissolved metals,
Generally, organic substances having a molecular weight of 5,000 to 6,000 or more are insolubilized and flocs. The water to be treated after the coagulation reaction is then led to a solid-liquid separation step, where the coagulate is separated and separated into clear water and aluminum-containing sludge. The solid-liquid separation device to be used is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a sedimentation tank, a pressurized flotation separation tank, and a membrane separation device. The concentration of aluminum-containing sludge generated by solid-liquid separation is usually about 1 to 3% by weight as solid content.
【０００６】本発明方法においては、必要に応じて、固
液分離工程と活性炭吸着工程の間にろ過工程を設けるこ
とができる。固液分離工程において微細な懸濁物が十分
に除去されていない場合は、ろ過器に通水することによ
り微細な懸濁物を除去し、処理水を高純度化するととも
に、活性炭塔の閉塞を防止することができる。使用する
ろ材には特に制限はなく、例えば、砂のみを用いる単層
ろ過、アンスラサイトと砂を用いる２層ろ過、アンスラ
サイトと砂とガーネットを用いる３層ろ過などを行うこ
とができる。本発明方法においては、固液分離工程又は
必要に応じて固液分離工程の後に設けられるろ過工程か
ら得られる清澄水を活性炭と接触させる。水中に存在す
る高分子量の有機物は、凝集工程においてフロックを形
成し、固液分離工程において除去されるが、分子量が４
千〜５千以下の低分子量の有機物は凝集によっては除去
しがたいために、活性炭吸着により処理する。処理水中
に存在する有機物の量は、有機物中の炭素である有機体
炭素（ＴＯＣ）として把握することができ、有機体炭素
（ＴＯＣ）は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ０１０１に規定されている方
法などにより測定することができる。処理水中の有機体
炭素（ＴＯＣ）量を測定し、有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）の量
が目標値を超えたとき、飽和吸着量を超えた老活性炭と
して使用を中止し、新しい活性炭に切り替えて処理を継
続する。一般に活性炭処理による処理水中の有機体炭素
（ＴＯＣ）量は０.５ppm程度を目標とすることが多い
が、このような場合、活性炭１ｇあたりの有機体炭素
（ＴＯＣ）飽和吸着量は通常は０.０３〜０.０８ｇ程度
である。本発明方法において使用する活性炭の形状には
特に制限はなく、粉状活性炭、粒状活性炭、繊維状活性
炭のいずれをも使用することができる。これらの中で、
粒状活性炭は、活性炭を充填した活性炭塔に通水して容
易に処理することができ、粉状活性炭のように接触後に
固液分離する必要がないので、好適に使用することがで
きる。本発明方法において使用する活性炭の種類には特
に制限はなく、ガス賦活炭、薬品賦活炭のいずれをも使
用することができる。[0006] In the method of the present invention, a filtration step can be provided between the solid-liquid separation step and the activated carbon adsorption step, if necessary. If the fine suspension is not sufficiently removed in the solid-liquid separation step, the fine suspension is removed by passing the water through a filter to purify the treated water and to block the activated carbon tower. Can be prevented. The filter medium to be used is not particularly limited, and for example, single-layer filtration using only sand, two-layer filtration using anthracite and sand, and three-layer filtration using anthracite, sand and garnet can be performed. In the method of the present invention, the clarified water obtained from the solid-liquid separation step or, if necessary, the filtration step provided after the solid-liquid separation step is brought into contact with activated carbon. High-molecular-weight organic matter present in water forms flocs in the aggregation step and is removed in the solid-liquid separation step.
Since low molecular weight organic substances of 1,000 to 5,000 or less are difficult to remove by aggregation, they are treated by activated carbon adsorption. The amount of organic matter present in the treated water can be grasped as organic carbon (TOC), which is carbon in the organic matter, and the organic carbon (TOC) is measured by a method specified in JIS K0101 or the like. be able to. Measure the amount of organic carbon (TOC) in the treated water, and when the amount of organic carbon (TOC) exceeds the target value, discontinue use as old activated carbon exceeding the saturated adsorption amount and switch to new activated carbon for treatment To continue. In general, the amount of organic carbon (TOC) in treated water by activated carbon treatment is often targeted at about 0.5 ppm, but in such a case, the saturated adsorption amount of organic carbon (TOC) per 1 g of activated carbon is usually 0. It is about 0.03 to 0.08 g. The shape of the activated carbon used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any of powdered activated carbon, granular activated carbon, and fibrous activated carbon can be used. Among these,
Granular activated carbon can be easily used because it can be easily treated by passing water through an activated carbon tower filled with activated carbon, and there is no need to perform solid-liquid separation after contact unlike powdered activated carbon. The type of activated carbon used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any of gas activated carbon and chemical activated carbon can be used.
【０００７】本発明方法においては、固液分離工程から
発生するアルミニウム含有汚泥に酸を添加してpHを３以
下、好ましくはpHを２〜３に調整する。使用する酸には
特に制限はなく、例えば、塩酸、硫酸などの鉱酸を好適
に使用することができる。凝集処理及び固液分離により
発生するアルミニウム含有汚泥は、水酸化アルミニウム
の凝集効果による懸濁物の凝集物や、溶解性有機物を吸
着した水酸化アルミの混合物である。アルミニウム含有
汚泥に酸を加えて撹拌し、pHを３以下にすることによ
り、汚泥中に不溶物として含まれるアルミニウムが、次
式に示されるようにアルミニウムイオン（Ａｌ3+）とな
って水中に溶出する。 Ａｌ(ＯＨ)3＋３Ｈ+ → Ａｌ3+＋３Ｈ2Ｏ pHが３を超えると、アルミニウムの溶出が部分的とな
り、アルミニウムの回収が不十分となるおそれがある。
pHを２未満とすることができるが、必要以上の酸を添加
することになり、不経済となるおそれがある。アルミニ
ウム含有汚泥のpHを２〜３に調整することにより、通常
は汚泥中のアルミニウムの７０〜９０重量％が水中に溶
出する。pHを３以下に調整すると、アルミニウム含有汚
泥からは、アルミニウムイオンの溶出のほかに、懸濁物
や有機物も水中に放出されるので、固液分離により懸濁
物を除去し、さらに活性炭吸着により有機物を除去して
アルミニウム溶存液を得る。使用する固液分離装置には
特に制限はなく、例えば、沈殿槽、加圧浮上分離槽、ろ
過器、膜分離装置などを挙げることができる。本発明方
法においては、固液分離後のアルミニウム溶存液を、清
澄水の活性炭吸着工程において使用した老活性炭と接触
させる。活性炭による有機物の吸着においては、平衡吸
着の関係から水中の有機物濃度が高いほど活性炭単位量
あたりの吸着量が多くなり、分子量の大きい有機物の方
が分子量の小さい有機物よりも吸着されやすく、また、
有機物はイオンに解離した状態より解離していない状態
の方が吸着されやすい。従来は、清澄水の処理により吸
着能が低下した老活性炭は、再生炉を用いて再生される
か、あるいは廃棄されていた。しかし、活性炭の吸着能
は使用している系での平衡吸着量であり、その系で吸着
能が低下しても、より多くの量の有機物の存在が許され
る系において使用するときは、なお吸着能を発揮する。In the method of the present invention, an acid is added to the aluminum-containing sludge generated from the solid-liquid separation step to adjust the pH to 3 or less, preferably to 2 to 3. The acid to be used is not particularly limited, and for example, mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid can be suitably used. The aluminum-containing sludge generated by the coagulation treatment and the solid-liquid separation is an agglomerate of a suspension due to the coagulation effect of aluminum hydroxide or a mixture of aluminum hydroxide adsorbing soluble organic substances. By adding an acid to the aluminum-containing sludge and stirring the mixture to lower the pH to 3 or less, aluminum contained as an insoluble matter in the sludge is converted into aluminum ions (Al 3+ ) as shown in the following formula to form in water. Elute. Al (OH) 3 + 3H + → Al 3+ + 3H 2 O If the pH exceeds 3, elution of aluminum may be partial and aluminum may be insufficiently recovered.
The pH can be less than 2, but more acid is added than necessary, which may be uneconomical. By adjusting the pH of the aluminum-containing sludge to 2-3, usually 70-90% by weight of the aluminum in the sludge elutes into the water. When the pH is adjusted to 3 or less, the suspended solids and organic substances are also released into the water from the aluminum-containing sludge in addition to the elution of aluminum ions. The organic matter is removed to obtain an aluminum solution. The solid-liquid separation device to be used is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a sedimentation tank, a pressurized flotation separation tank, a filter, and a membrane separation device. In the method of the present invention, the aluminum solution after solid-liquid separation is brought into contact with the activated carbon used in the activated carbon adsorption step of the clear water. In the adsorption of organic matter by activated carbon, the amount of organic matter in water increases as the concentration of organic matter in water increases from the relation of equilibrium adsorption, and organic substances having a high molecular weight are more easily adsorbed than organic substances having a low molecular weight.
Organic substances are more easily adsorbed when they are not dissociated than when they are dissociated into ions. Conventionally, aged activated carbon whose adsorption ability has been reduced by the treatment of clarified water has been regenerated using a regeneration furnace or discarded. However, the adsorptive capacity of activated carbon is the equilibrium adsorption amount in the system used, and even if the adsorptive capacity is reduced in that system, when it is used in a system where the presence of a larger amount of organic substances is allowed, Demonstrates adsorption ability.
【０００８】本発明方法において、活性炭と接触して処
理したアルミニウム溶存液中の有機物の量は、活性炭処
理後のアルミニウム溶存液を被処理水に凝集剤として添
加したとき、アルミニウム溶存液に由来する有機物が、
処理水の水質に悪影響を与えない水準まで低下すればよ
い。すなわち、大量の被処理水に対して添加するアルミ
ニウム溶存液は少量であるので、回収したアルミニウム
溶存液によって被処理水にもたらされる有機物量はごく
僅かにすぎない。また、清澄水の活性炭吸着工程におけ
る水中の有機物に対して、アルミニウム含有汚泥から回
収したアルミニウム溶存液中の有機物の濃度は数十〜数
百倍の濃度となっているので、水中の有機物濃度が高い
ほど活性炭単位量あたりの吸着量が多くなるという活性
炭の性質を利用して、老活性炭を有効に再利用すること
ができる。また、アルミニウム含有汚泥のpHを３以下に
調整したとき水中に放出される有機物は、水処理工程に
おいていったん凝集分離された比較的高分子量の有機物
であるので、分子量の大きい有機物の方が分子量の小さ
い有機物よりも吸着されやすいという活性炭の性質か
ら、老活性炭を用いても有効に吸着除去することができ
る。さらに、アルミニウム含有汚泥はpH３以下に調整さ
れるので、フミン酸、カルボン酸、フェノール類などは
イオンに解離せず、分子状になっているために活性炭に
吸着されやすく、老活性炭を用いても有効に除去するこ
とができる。In the method of the present invention, the amount of organic matter in the aluminum dissolved solution treated by contacting with activated carbon is derived from the aluminum dissolved solution when the aluminum dissolved solution after the activated carbon treatment is added to the water to be treated as a coagulant. Organic matter,
What is necessary is just to reduce to the level which does not adversely affect the quality of the treated water. That is, since a small amount of the aluminum dissolved liquid is added to a large amount of the water to be treated, the amount of the organic substance brought into the water to be treated by the recovered aluminum dissolved liquid is very small. In addition, the concentration of the organic matter in the aluminum dissolved liquid recovered from the aluminum-containing sludge is several tens to several hundred times that of the organic matter in the water in the activated carbon adsorption step of the clarified water. By utilizing the property of activated carbon that the adsorption amount per unit amount of activated carbon increases as the value increases, old activated carbon can be effectively reused. In addition, when the pH of the aluminum-containing sludge is adjusted to 3 or less, the organic substances released into water are relatively high-molecular-weight organic substances once aggregated and separated in the water treatment process. Due to the nature of activated carbon, which is more easily adsorbed than small organic substances, even old activated carbon can be effectively adsorbed and removed. Furthermore, since the aluminum-containing sludge is adjusted to a pH of 3 or less, humic acid, carboxylic acid, phenols, etc. do not dissociate into ions and are easily adsorbed on activated carbon because of their molecular form. It can be effectively removed.
【０００９】図１は、本発明方法の水処理工程の一態様
の工程系統図である。原水は、pH調整槽１においてアル
カリを添加してpH調整するとともに、アルミニウム系凝
集剤を添加して均一に混合する。次いで、凝集槽２にお
いて撹拌することによりフロックを成長させたのち、沈
殿槽３において固液分離を行う。沈殿槽の清澄水は、ろ
過器４に導いて微細な懸濁物をろ別、除去したのち活性
炭塔５に通水して清澄水中の有機物を吸着、除去する。
活性炭塔は２基又は３基を設け、清澄水の通水を続けて
処理水中の有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）量が所定の値を超えた
とき、活性炭を飽和吸着量に達した老活性炭として使用
を中止し、新しい活性炭を充填した活性炭塔に切り替え
る。図２は、本発明方法のアルミニウム回収工程の一態
様の工程系統図である。沈殿槽３において発生した汚泥
を溶解槽６に入れ、酸を加えてpHを３以下に調整してア
ルミニウムをアルミニウムイオンとして溶出させたの
ち、沈殿槽７に導いて固液分離を行う。沈殿槽の上澄水
は、図１の水処理工程で使用済みの老活性炭が充填され
ている活性炭塔８に通水して、有機物を吸着、除去し、
アルミニウム溶存液を回収する。このアルミニウム溶存
液は、有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）の量が十分に低下している
ので、原水に凝集剤として添加し再利用することができ
る。活性炭塔は、同一の塔を、図１の水処理工程、図２
のアルミニウム回収工程の順に通水し、吸着量が大幅に
低下した場合は、活性炭を充填しなおして、ふたたび図
１の水処理工程に使用する。FIG. 1 is a flow chart of one embodiment of the water treatment step of the method of the present invention. Raw water is pH-adjusted by adding an alkali in the pH-adjusting tank 1 and uniformly mixed with an aluminum-based flocculant. Next, after floc is grown by stirring in the flocculation tank 2, solid-liquid separation is performed in the precipitation tank 3. The clarified water in the settling tank is guided to a filter 4 to filter and remove fine suspended matters, and then passed through an activated carbon tower 5 to adsorb and remove organic substances in the clarified water.
Two or three activated carbon towers are provided. When the amount of organic carbon (TOC) in the treated water exceeds a predetermined value by continuing the passage of the clear water, the activated carbon is used as the old activated carbon that has reached the saturated adsorption amount. And switch to an activated carbon tower filled with new activated carbon. FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of one embodiment of the aluminum recovery process of the method of the present invention. The sludge generated in the sedimentation tank 3 is put into the dissolution tank 6, and the pH is adjusted to 3 or less by adding an acid to elute aluminum as aluminum ions. The supernatant water of the sedimentation tank is passed through an activated carbon tower 8 filled with old activated carbon used in the water treatment step of FIG. 1 to adsorb and remove organic substances.
Collect the aluminum solution. Since the amount of organic carbon (TOC) in the aluminum dissolved liquid has been sufficiently reduced, it can be added to raw water as a coagulant and reused. The activated carbon tower is the same tower as the water treatment process of FIG. 1, FIG.
Water is passed in the order of the aluminum recovery step, and when the amount of adsorption is significantly reduced, the activated carbon is refilled and used again in the water treatment step of FIG.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細
に説明するが、本発明はこの実施例によりなんら限定さ
れるものではない。 実施例１ 有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）１.９ppmを含む工業用水（pH６.
８）に、硫酸を添加してpH３.０に調整した原水に、粒
状活性炭［クラレコールＫＷ、クラレケミカル(株)、２
０／４０メッシュ］を添加して２４時間振盪を行い、い
わゆる平衡吸着量として、処理水の有機体炭素（ＴＯ
Ｃ）濃度と活性炭の有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）吸着量の関係
を求めた。結果を第１表及び図３に示す。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples, which should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Example 1 Industrial water containing 1.9 ppm of organic carbon (TOC) (pH 6.
8), the raw water adjusted to pH 3.0 by adding sulfuric acid was added to granular activated carbon [Kuraray Coal KW, Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd .;
0/40 mesh] and shaken for 24 hours to obtain a so-called equilibrium adsorption amount of organic carbon (TO
C) The relationship between the concentration and the amount of organic carbon (TOC) adsorbed on the activated carbon was determined. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
【００１１】[0011]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１２】第１表及び図３の結果から、活性炭の有機
体炭素（ＴＯＣ）の飽和吸着量は処理水の有機体炭素
（ＴＯＣ）濃度によって異なり、処理水の有機体炭素
（ＴＯＣ）濃度を高めるほど、飽和吸着量を大きくする
ことができることが分かる。一般に活性炭処理による処
理水の有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）濃度は０.５ppm程度を目標
とすることが多いが、このような条件で使用済みとされ
た老活性炭といえども、処理水の有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）
を高めても差し支えなければ、有機物を吸着する能力は
残っている。また、第１表及び図３の結果から、被処理
水のpHを低くすると、活性炭の吸着能力が向上すること
が分かる。 実施例２ pH７.２、濁度１.２度であり、有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）
１.９ppmを含む工業用水に、硫酸バンド（アルミナ含有
量８.０重量％）２００ppmを添加し、水酸化ナトリウム
を用いてpH６.８に調整して凝集処理を行い、さらに固
液分離を行って、有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）１.６ppmの清澄
水を得た。この清澄水を、粒状活性炭［クラレコールＫ
Ｗ、クラレケミカル(株)、２０／４０メッシュ］１kgを
充填した吸着塔に、通水速度ＳＶ２０ｈ-1で通水し、有
機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）０.４〜０.５ppmの処理水を得た。
約３０,０００リットルの処理水を得た時点で、処理水
の有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）が目標値である０.５ppmを超え
たため、新しい活性炭を充填した吸着塔に切り替えた。
この間に、工業用水の凝集処理及び固液分離工程より得
られた生成汚泥は、濃度２（Ｗ／Ｖ）％であった。この
生成汚泥に硫酸を加えてpH２.８に調整し、固液分離を
行ってＡｌ3+イオン４,８００ppm、有機体炭素（ＴＯ
Ｃ）１３０ppmを含むアルミニウム溶存液を得た。この
アルミニウム溶存液を、上記の老活性炭が充填されてい
る吸着塔に通水速度５ｈ-1で通水し、Ａｌ3+イオン４,
８００ppm、有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）１０ppmを含むアルミ
ニウム溶存液を得た。上記の工業用水に、硫酸バンド２
００ppmを添加する代わりに、得られたＡｌ3+イオン４,
８００ppm、有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）１０ppmを含むアルミ
ニウム溶存液を１,８００ppm添加し、水酸化ナトリウム
を用いてpH６.８に調整して凝集処理を行い、さらに固
液分離を行ったところ、有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）１.６ppm
の清澄水が得られた。この清澄水を、粒状活性炭［クラ
レコールＫＷ、クラレケミカル(株)、２０／４０メッシ
ュ］１kgを充填した吸着塔に、通水速度ＳＶ２０ｈ-1で
通水したところ、有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）０.４〜０.５pp
mの処理水が得られ、処理水の有機体炭素（ＴＯＣ）が
目標値である０.５ppmを超えるまでに、この吸着塔によ
り約３０,０００リットルの処理水を得ることができ
た。なお、２０,０００リットルまでは回収したアルミ
ニウム溶存液を注入し、その後は硫酸バンド２００ppm
を添加して処理を行った。この結果から、本発明方法の
実施により得られるアルミニウム溶存液を、硫酸バンド
の代わりに用いて工業用水の処理を行っても、硫酸バン
ドを用いたときと同じ結果が得られることが分かった。
本実施例において、アルミニウム溶存液の有機体炭素
（ＴＯＣ）含有量は、老活性炭を利用した吸着により１
０ppmまで低減されているので、この処理液を１,８００
ppm添加しても、アルミニウム溶存液に由来する有機体
炭素（ＴＯＣ）の増分は０.０１８ppmに過ぎないことは
計算上からも求められるが、本実施例により、アルミニ
ウム溶存液で硫酸バンドを代用し得ることが確認でき
た。From the results shown in Table 1 and FIG. 3, the saturated adsorption amount of the organic carbon (TOC) of the activated carbon differs depending on the organic carbon (TOC) concentration of the treated water. It can be seen that the saturation adsorption amount can be increased as the value is increased. In general, the target of the organic carbon (TOC) concentration of the treated water obtained by the activated carbon treatment is often about 0.5 ppm. (TOC)
If there is no problem with increasing the amount, the ability to adsorb organic matter remains. Further, from the results shown in Table 1 and FIG. 3, it can be seen that when the pH of the water to be treated is lowered, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon is improved. Example 2 pH 7.2, turbidity 1.2 degrees, organic carbon (TOC)
200 ppm of a sulfuric acid band (alumina content: 8.0% by weight) was added to industrial water containing 1.9 ppm, the pH was adjusted to 6.8 with sodium hydroxide, coagulation treatment was performed, and solid-liquid separation was further performed. As a result, clear water of 1.6 ppm of organic carbon (TOC) was obtained. The clarified water is used as granular activated carbon [Kuraray Coal K
W, Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd., 20/40 mesh] was passed through an adsorption tower filled with 1 kg at a water flow rate of SV20 h -1 to obtain treated water having an organic carbon (TOC) of 0.4 to 0.5 ppm. Was.
When about 30,000 liters of treated water was obtained, the organic carbon (TOC) of the treated water exceeded the target value of 0.5 ppm, so the adsorption tower was switched to a new activated carbon-filled adsorption tower.
During this time, the generated sludge obtained from the coagulation treatment of industrial water and the solid-liquid separation step had a concentration of 2 (W / V)%. Adjusted to the product sludge to pH2.8 by addition of sulfuric acid, solid-liquid separation performed Al 3+ ions 4,800Ppm, organic carbon (TO
C) An aluminum solution containing 130 ppm was obtained. The aluminum dissolved liquid was passed through the adsorption tower filled with the aged activated carbon at a water flow rate of 5 h -1 to obtain Al 3+ ions,
An aluminum solution containing 800 ppm and 10 ppm of organic carbon (TOC) was obtained. To the above industrial water, add sulfuric acid band 2
Instead of adding 00 ppm, the resulting Al 3+ ions 4,
1,800 ppm of an aluminum solution containing 800 ppm and 10 ppm of organic carbon (TOC) was added, the pH was adjusted to 6.8 with sodium hydroxide, coagulation treatment was performed, and solid-liquid separation was performed. 1.6 ppm of carbon (TOC)
Of clear water was obtained. The clarified water was passed through an adsorption tower filled with 1 kg of granular activated carbon [Kuraray Coal KW, Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd., 20/40 mesh] at a water flow rate of SV20h- 1 to obtain organic carbon (TOC) 0. 0.4-0.5pp
m of treated water was obtained, and about 30,000 liters of treated water could be obtained by this adsorption tower until the organic carbon (TOC) of the treated water exceeded the target value of 0.5 ppm. In addition, the collected aluminum dissolved solution was injected up to 20,000 liters, and then the sulfuric acid band was 200 ppm.
For the treatment. From these results, it was found that the same results as those obtained when the sulfuric acid band was used were obtained by treating the industrial water with the aluminum solution obtained by performing the method of the present invention instead of the sulfuric acid band.
In the present embodiment, the organic carbon (TOC) content of the aluminum solution was adjusted to 1 by adsorption using aged activated carbon.
Since this treatment liquid has been reduced to 0 ppm,
Even when ppm is added, the increase in organic carbon (TOC) derived from the aluminum dissolved solution is found to be only 0.018 ppm by calculation, but according to the present example, the sulfate band was substituted for the aluminum dissolved solution. It was confirmed that it could be done.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】本発明方法によれば、水処理工程におい
て、アルミニウム系凝集剤の使用量及び汚泥の発生量が
大幅に減少し、水処理工程における活性炭の残余の吸着
能を活用することにより、活性炭を有効に利用すること
ができる。According to the method of the present invention, in the water treatment step, the amount of the aluminum-based flocculant used and the amount of generated sludge are greatly reduced, and the remaining carbon adsorbing capacity in the water treatment step is utilized. Activated carbon can be used effectively.
【図１】図１は、本発明方法の水処理工程の一態様の工
程系統図である。FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of one embodiment of a water treatment process of the method of the present invention.
【図２】図２は、本発明方法のアルミニウム回収工程の
一態様の工程系統図である。FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of one embodiment of an aluminum recovery process of the method of the present invention.
【図３】図３は、処理水のＴＯＣ濃度と活性炭のＴＯＣ
吸着量の関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing TOC concentration of treated water and TOC of activated carbon.
It is a graph which shows the relationship of the amount of adsorption.
１ pH調整槽 ２ 凝集槽 ３ 沈殿槽 ４ ろ過器 ５ 活性炭塔 ６ 溶解槽 ７ 沈殿槽 ８ 活性炭塔 1 pH adjustment tank 2 Coagulation tank 3 Sedimentation tank 4 Filter 5 Activated carbon tower 6 Dissolution tank 7 Sedimentation tank 8 Activated carbon tower
Claims (1)
して凝集処理する凝集工程、不溶性物質を分離する固液
分離工程及び固液分離工程から得られる清澄水を活性炭
と接触させる活性炭吸着工程を経て順次処理する水処理
方法において、固液分離工程から発生するアルミニウム
含有汚泥のpHを３以下に調整し、固液分離によりアルミ
ニウム溶存液を得たのち、アルミニウム溶存液を活性炭
吸着工程において使用した老活性炭と接触させることを
特徴とする水処理方法。1. Activated carbon adsorption in which water to be treated is subjected to a coagulation treatment by adding an aluminum-based coagulant, a solid-liquid separation step in which insoluble substances are separated, and clarified water obtained in the solid-liquid separation step is brought into contact with activated carbon. In the water treatment method of sequentially treating through the steps, the pH of the aluminum-containing sludge generated from the solid-liquid separation step is adjusted to 3 or less, and an aluminum-dissolved liquid is obtained by solid-liquid separation. A water treatment method characterized by contacting with used activated carbon.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP5557997A JP3262015B2 (en) | 1997-02-24 | 1997-02-24 | Water treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5557997A JP3262015B2 (en) | 1997-02-24 | 1997-02-24 | Water treatment method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10235373A true JPH10235373A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
| JP3262015B2 JP3262015B2 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
Family
ID=13002659
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5557997A Expired - Fee Related JP3262015B2 (en) | 1997-02-24 | 1997-02-24 | Water treatment method |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3262015B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100470350B1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2005-02-05 | (주)피엠지 | Method for disposing of livestock waste water |
| CN104261541A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-07 | 福建融泉净水剂有限公司 | Straw/polyferric sulfate composite water treatment material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105170091A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | Preparation method of iron-modified reed biological carbon, and application of iron-modified reed biological carbon in treatment of phosphorus wastewater |
| CN105779763A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-07-20 | 赤峰中色锌业有限公司 | Method for extracting zinc from high-cadmium zinc-contained mineral separation tailing water and preparing electric zinc |
| CN106237978A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏永威环境科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the novel attapulgite soil processed for resin wastewater |
| CN106834700A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-13 | 东莞珂洛赫慕电子材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method that use non-acid medium extracts silver from crystal silicon solar plate |
-
1997
- 1997-02-24 JP JP5557997A patent/JP3262015B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100470350B1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2005-02-05 | (주)피엠지 | Method for disposing of livestock waste water |
| CN104261541A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-07 | 福建融泉净水剂有限公司 | Straw/polyferric sulfate composite water treatment material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104261541B (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2016-05-11 | 福建融泉净水剂有限公司 | Compound material for water treatment of a kind of stalk/bodied ferric sulfate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105170091A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | Preparation method of iron-modified reed biological carbon, and application of iron-modified reed biological carbon in treatment of phosphorus wastewater |
| CN105779763A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-07-20 | 赤峰中色锌业有限公司 | Method for extracting zinc from high-cadmium zinc-contained mineral separation tailing water and preparing electric zinc |
| CN106237978A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏永威环境科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the novel attapulgite soil processed for resin wastewater |
| CN106834700A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-13 | 东莞珂洛赫慕电子材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method that use non-acid medium extracts silver from crystal silicon solar plate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3262015B2 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
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