JPH09164855A - Power transmission device - Google Patents

Power transmission device

Info

Publication number
JPH09164855A
JPH09164855A JP33071395A JP33071395A JPH09164855A JP H09164855 A JPH09164855 A JP H09164855A JP 33071395 A JP33071395 A JP 33071395A JP 33071395 A JP33071395 A JP 33071395A JP H09164855 A JPH09164855 A JP H09164855A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
slider
outer gear
taper cone
wheel
attached
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP33071395A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenichiro Ito
健一郎 伊藤
Ken Yamamoto
山本  憲
Isao Hori
勲 堀
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN Corp
Original Assignee
NTN Corp
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NTN Corp, NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd filed Critical NTN Corp
Priority to JP33071395A priority Critical patent/JPH09164855A/en
Publication of JPH09164855A publication Critical patent/JPH09164855A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a driving power transmission device which can instantly mutually change-over a two wheel driving state and a four wheel driving state through remote control by assembling the above device between a differential unit and a wheel in a four-wheel drive car to synchronize an outer gear and a slider. SOLUTION: An axle connected to a front differential is separated in an axial direction, and a synchronous friction mechanism 49 is provided between the outer gear 37 of an outer wheel 26 connected to a driving shaft 22b on a wheel side and a slider 28 attached to a driving shaft 22a on a differential side. A spline groove 48 is provided in the outer gear 37, and a spline groove 45 is provided in the slider 28, and when the outer gear 37 and the slider 28 are mutually engaged by the remote control of the slider 28, the outer gear 37 and the slider 28 are synchronized in their rotation by the synchronous friction mechanism to smoothly carry out the changing over from two-wheel drive to four-wheel drive.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、4輪駆動車のデ
ィファレンシャルと車輪間の駆動経路上において、駆動
力の伝達と遮断を切換える動力伝達装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power transmission device for switching between transmission and interruption of driving force on a drive path between a differential and wheels of a four-wheel drive vehicle.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】パートタイム式の4輪駆動車において
は、前輪ハブと車軸との間にフリーホイールハブを組込
み、車軸とホイール間の駆動力の伝達と遮断を切換える
ようにしたものがある。
2. Description of the Related Art In some part-time four-wheel drive vehicles, a freewheel hub is incorporated between a front wheel hub and an axle to switch between transmission and interruption of drive force between the axle and the wheels.

【0003】このフリーホイールハブの装着車は、2駆
走行時は後輪駆動とし、トランスファから前輪車軸まで
の駆動系をフリーホイールハブにより切離して走行し、
4駆走行時は、フリーホイールハブを結合して前後輪を
直結した駆動状態にして走行している。2駆走行時に前
輪駆動系を停止させる理由は、燃費の向上と、駆動系か
らの騒音発生を抑えて静粛性を図ることにある。
A vehicle equipped with this freewheel hub uses rear wheel drive during two-wheel drive and runs with the freewheel hub separating the drive system from the transfer to the front wheel axle.
During four-wheel drive, the freewheel hub is connected and the front and rear wheels are directly connected to drive. The reason why the front wheel drive system is stopped during two-wheel drive is to improve fuel efficiency and suppress noise generation from the drive system for quietness.

【0004】上記のフリーホイールハブの種類として
は、手動で切換えを行なうマニュアル式と、切換えが自
動的に行なわれる自動式のものとがあるが、マニュアル
式のフリーホイールハブは、運転者が降車して手動によ
り切換え操作を行なう必要があるため、冬季や雨天時の
操作性が悪く、最近では、降車せずに操作が行なえる自
動式のものの使用が多くなっている。
As the types of the above freewheel hubs, there are a manual type in which the switching is performed manually and an automatic type in which the switching is automatically performed. In the manual type freewheel hub, the driver gets off the vehicle. Since it is necessary to manually perform the switching operation, the operability is poor in the winter or in the rain, and recently, an automatic type that can be operated without getting off the vehicle has been used.

【0005】一方、従来の自動式のフリーホイールハブ
においては、4駆走行から2駆走行に切換える場合、ト
ランスファーを2駆状態にしたまま数メートルほど後退
することでハブの切換えを行なっているが、このような
切換えの方法では、悪路などでスタックした状態から前
後進の切換えを行なって脱出する場合、車両の後退によ
って2駆走行状態に切換ることがあり、4駆走行による
走破力を利用できない場合がある。
On the other hand, in the conventional automatic freewheel hub, when switching from four-wheel drive to two-wheel drive, the hub is switched by retreating for several meters with the transfer in the two-wheel drive state. In such a switching method, when a vehicle is stuck on a bad road or the like and then escapes by switching between forward and backward, the vehicle may switch to a two-wheel drive state by moving backward, and the driving force by four-wheel drive may be applied. May not be available.

【0006】また、雪道等の摩擦係数の低い登り坂等に
おいて、2駆走行から4駆走行に切換えて発進した場
合、前輪が駆動系と切離された状態にあるため、後輪の
みが空転して車両が動かず、ハブが4駆走行状態に切換
わらない問題がある。
Further, when the vehicle is started by switching from two-wheel drive to four-wheel drive on an uphill slope having a low coefficient of friction such as on a snowy road, the front wheels are separated from the drive system, and only the rear wheels are left. There is a problem that the vehicle does not move due to idling and the hub does not switch to the 4-wheel drive state.

【0007】そこで、本出願人は、上述した従来の問題
点を解決し、簡単な構造を用いて、2駆走行時は前輪駆
動系を切離し、4駆走行時には4輪を直結状態となるよ
うに遠隔操作によって切換えることができる車両の動力
伝達装置を特願平7−11028号によって提供した。
Therefore, the present applicant has solved the above-mentioned conventional problems and uses a simple structure so that the front wheel drive system is disconnected during two-wheel drive and the four wheels are directly connected during four-wheel drive. In addition, Japanese Patent Application No. 7-11028 provides a vehicle power transmission device that can be switched by remote control.

【0008】この動力伝達装置は、図10に示すよう
に、車両のフロントディファレンシャルと前輪を連結す
る駆動軸1を軸方向に分離し、前輪側駆動軸1aに外輪
2を固定すると共に、ディファレンシャル側の駆動軸1
bに上記外輪2内に嵌合する内輪3を固定し、上記外輪
2と内輪3の間に、ディファレンシャル側の回転が前輪
側の回転を上回ったときに内輪3から外輪2にトルクを
伝達し、それ以外のときは外輪2をフリーランニングす
る一方向クラッチ4を組込み、更に、前記ディファレン
シャル側の駆動軸1bにスライダー5を軸方向への移動
が自在となるよう取付け、スライダー5の先端に内輪3
と一体に回転するよう取付けた噛合部材6と外輪2の内
周面にスライダー5の接近動時に噛み合う一対の歯車7
を形成し、スライダー5に操作用フォーク8を接続した
構造になっている。
As shown in FIG. 10, this power transmission device axially separates a drive shaft 1 for connecting a front differential of a vehicle and front wheels, fixes an outer ring 2 to a front wheel side drive shaft 1a, and also separates the differential side. Drive shaft 1
An inner ring 3 fitted in the outer ring 2 is fixed to b, and torque is transmitted from the inner ring 3 to the outer ring 2 between the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3 when the rotation on the differential side exceeds the rotation on the front wheel side. In other cases, a one-way clutch 4 for free-running the outer ring 2 is incorporated, and a slider 5 is attached to the drive shaft 1b on the differential side so as to be movable in the axial direction, and an inner ring is attached to the tip of the slider 5. Three
And a pair of gears 7 that mesh with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 when the slider 5 approaches and moves.
Is formed, and the operation fork 8 is connected to the slider 5.

【0009】車両走行時に、スライダー5を後退させて
歯車7の噛合を解くと、駆動軸1aと1bは分離され、
回転の伝達が生じないため、前輪はフリーランニングす
る2駆走行となる。
When the slider 5 is moved backward to disengage the gear 7 while the vehicle is running, the drive shafts 1a and 1b are separated from each other,
Since there is no transmission of rotation, the front wheels will be free-running and two-wheel drive.

【0010】また、スライダー5を前進移動させ、歯車
7を噛合させると、駆動軸1a、1bが直結され、ディ
ファレンシャルと前輪が一体に連結され、4輪が直結し
た4駆走行状態になる。
When the slider 5 is moved forward and the gear 7 is meshed, the drive shafts 1a and 1b are directly connected, the differential and the front wheels are integrally connected, and the four wheels are directly connected to each other in a four-wheel drive state.

【0011】[0011]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記のよう
な構造の動力伝達装置は、2駆走行モードから4駆走行
モードへ切換える場合、互に回転する外輪2とスライダ
ー5の歯車7を噛み合わせる必要があるが、両者の回転
は必ずしも一致していないため、噛み合せ操作が円滑に
行なえない場合があり、噛み合せに時間がかかるという
点で改善の余地が見い出された。
By the way, in the power transmission device having the above-described structure, when the two-wheel drive mode is switched to the four-wheel drive mode, the outer ring 2 and the gear 7 of the slider 5 which rotate with each other mesh with each other. Although it is necessary, the rotations of the two do not always coincide with each other, so that the meshing operation may not be performed smoothly, and there is room for improvement in that meshing takes time.

【0012】そこで、この発明の課題は、2駆走行モー
ドから4駆走行モードへの切換え時に従動部材とスライ
ダーの回転を同期させ、切換え操作が円滑に短時間で行
なえると共に、同期回転の伝達容量の大きな動力伝達装
置を提供することにある。
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to synchronize the rotation of the driven member and the slider at the time of switching from the two-wheel drive mode to the four-wheel drive mode so that the switching operation can be smoothly performed in a short time and the synchronous rotation can be transmitted. It is to provide a power transmission device having a large capacity.

【0013】[0013]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
め、請求項1の発明は、車両のディファレンシャルと車
輪を連結する駆動軸を軸方向に分離し、この分離部に、
外部からの遠隔操作によってトルクの伝達と遮断を行な
うクラッチ機構を設け、このクラッチ機構のディファレ
ンシャル側に設けた駆動部材と車輪側に設けた従動部材
との間に、駆動部材と従動部材の噛合い時に両部材の回
転を同期させる同期摩擦機構を設け、この同期摩擦機構
が、従動部材に取付けた環状のテーパコーンと該テーパ
コーンの内周に圧接するよう駆動部材に取付けたテーパ
コーンとからなり、従動部材に取付けたテーパコーンの
内周に軸方向のスリットを複数設けた構成を採用したも
のである。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 axially separates a drive shaft that connects a differential of a vehicle and a wheel, and in this separating portion,
A clutch mechanism that transmits and cuts off torque by remote control from the outside is provided, and the drive member and the driven member mesh between the drive member provided on the differential side of the clutch mechanism and the driven member provided on the wheel side. At the same time, a synchronous friction mechanism for synchronizing the rotations of both members is provided, and this synchronous friction mechanism is composed of an annular taper cone attached to the driven member and a taper cone attached to the driving member so as to be in pressure contact with the inner circumference of the taper cone. The configuration is such that a plurality of axial slits are provided on the inner circumference of the taper cone attached to the.

【0014】請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明におい
て、クラッチ機構は、ディファレンシャル側の駆動軸に
外部からの操作によって軸方向に移動する駆動部材であ
るスライダーを外嵌係合し、車輪側の駆動軸に固定した
外輪とその内部に収納した内輪の間にディファレンシャ
ル側の回転が車輪側の回転を上回ったときにトルクを伝
達し、それ以外のときにフリーランニングする一方向ク
ラッチを組込み、外輪に従動部材であるアウターギアを
取付け、前記スライダーが常時内輪と回転方向に結合し
た状態で軸方向への移動により、アウターギアと回転方
向に結合する位置と切り離し位置とに選択するようにな
っている構成を採用したものである。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the clutch mechanism externally engages a slider, which is a drive member, which is axially moved by an operation from the outside with a drive shaft on the differential side, One-way clutch that transmits torque between the outer ring fixed to the side drive shaft and the inner ring housed inside and transmits the torque when the rotation on the differential side exceeds the rotation on the wheel side, and runs free at other times The outer gear, which is a driven member of the outer ring, is attached, and the slider is always coupled to the inner ring in the rotation direction so that the slider is selected in the axial coupling position and the disconnection position by the axial movement. It adopts the structure that has become.

【0015】請求項3の発明は、請求項2の発明におい
て、同期摩擦機構における環状のテーパコーンがアウタ
ーギアにガタツキをもって取付けられ、スライダーに取
付けたテーパコーンは、スライダー上をストッパーで制
限された範囲で軸方向に移動自在となり、予圧ばねで常
時環状のテーパコーンに圧接する方向の弾性が付勢さ
れ、スライダーがアウターギアに対して切り離し位置に
あるとき環状のテーパコーンから離反し、スライダーが
アウターギアと結合する方向の移動途中で環状のテーパ
コーンに圧接するようになっている構成を採用したもの
である。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the annular taper cone in the synchronous friction mechanism is loosely attached to the outer gear, and the taper cone attached to the slider is within a range in which the slider is restricted by a stopper. It becomes movable in the axial direction, and the preload spring constantly urges elasticity in the direction of pressing against the annular taper cone, and when the slider is in the disengaged position from the outer gear, it separates from the annular taper cone, and the slider joins with the outer gear. The configuration is such that it is pressed against the annular taper cone during the movement in the direction.

【0016】[0016]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、この発明の実施の形態を図
示例と共に説明する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【0017】図1は、後輪駆動を主とする4輪駆動車の
車輪駆動系を示したものであり、同図において、11は
フロントディファレンシャル、12は前車輪、13は後
車輪を示している。
FIG. 1 shows a wheel drive system of a four-wheel drive vehicle mainly for rear wheel drive. In FIG. 1, 11 is a front differential, 12 is a front wheel, and 13 is a rear wheel. There is.

【0018】フロントディファレンシャル11は、図1
と図3の如く、デフカバー14の内部に、リングギヤ1
5とドライブピニオン16を介してエンジン17とトラ
ンスファー18を介して連結するデフケース19を回転
自在に支持し、そのデフケース19と共回り可能に連結
したピニオンギヤ20、20に一対のサイドギヤ21、
21を噛み合せて構成され、この各サイドギヤ21、2
1に、駆動軸としての車軸22、23が連結されてい
る。
The front differential 11 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
5, a differential case 19 connected to the engine 17 via a transfer pinion 16 and a transfer 18 is rotatably supported, and a pair of side gears 21 are connected to the pinion gears 20 and 20 connected to the differential case 19 so as to rotate together.
21 are engaged with each other, and these side gears 21, 2
Axles 22 and 23 as drive shafts are connected to 1.

【0019】図1と図2の如く、上記車軸22、23の
うち、短尺側の車軸23は、等速ジョイント24を介し
て前車輪12に連結されている。
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, of the axles 22 and 23, the shorter axle 23 is connected to the front wheel 12 via a constant velocity joint 24.

【0020】一方、長尺側の車軸22は、その車軸22
が挿通するデフカバー14の内部において、途中で駆動
軸22aと22bに軸方向に同軸心状の配置となるよう
2つに分離され、この分離部分に動力伝達装置Aがデフ
カバー14内に納まる状態で組込まれ、外側の駆動軸2
2bは等速ジョイント24を介して前車輪12に連結さ
れている。
On the other hand, the long side axle 22 is
In the inside of the differential cover 14 through which the power transmission device A is inserted, the drive shafts 22a and 22b are separated into two parts so as to be arranged coaxially in the axial direction in the middle, and the power transmission device A is accommodated in the differential cover 14 in this separated part. Built-in, outer drive shaft 2
2b is connected to the front wheel 12 via a constant velocity joint 24.

【0021】図3乃至図10は、動力伝達装置Aの構造
を示し、分離された車輪側の駆動軸22bにスプライン
25を介して従動側の部材となる外輪26を連結し、デ
ィファレンシャル側の駆動軸22aにスプライン27を
介して駆動側の噛合い部材となるスライダー28が取付
けられている。
3 to 10 show the structure of the power transmission device A, in which the separated drive shaft 22b is connected to an outer ring 26, which is a member on the driven side, via a spline 25 to drive the differential side. A slider 28, which serves as a drive-side meshing member, is attached to the shaft 22a via a spline 27.

【0022】このスライダー28は、スプライン27に
より、駆動軸22aの軸方向に移動自在で該駆動軸22
aと一体に回転し、後端部外周に設けた環状溝29に操
作用のフォーク30が連結され、図1の如く、このフォ
ーク30に連結した流体駆動機31によって、スライダ
ー28は軸方向の移動が付与される。また、外輪26は
軸受け32を介してデフカバー14で回動自在に支持さ
れ、駆動軸22aの先端は外輪26の内部で軸受33を
介して支持されている。
The slider 28 is movable in the axial direction of the drive shaft 22a by a spline 27 and is movable in the drive shaft 22a.
The fork 30 for operation is connected to the annular groove 29 provided on the outer periphery of the rear end portion by rotating integrally with a, and the slider 28 is moved in the axial direction by the fluid driver 31 connected to the fork 30 as shown in FIG. Movement is granted. The outer ring 26 is rotatably supported by the differential cover 14 via a bearing 32, and the tip of the drive shaft 22a is supported inside the outer ring 26 via a bearing 33.

【0023】上記外輪26の内部に収納した内輪34の
外径面と外輪26の内径面の間に、一方向クラッチ35
と軸受36が組込まれ、外輪26の端面には複数本のボ
ルトで従動部材となるアウターギア37が同軸心状に取
付けられ、駆動軸22aとこれに取付けたスライダー2
8とは、アウターギア37を貫通し、内輪34内に嵌合
している。
A one-way clutch 35 is provided between the outer diameter surface of the inner ring 34 housed inside the outer ring 26 and the inner diameter surface of the outer ring 26.
And a bearing 36 are assembled, and an outer gear 37, which is a driven member, is coaxially attached to the end surface of the outer ring 26 by a plurality of bolts, and the drive shaft 22a and the slider 2 attached thereto are attached.
The reference numeral 8 passes through the outer gear 37 and is fitted into the inner ring 34.

【0024】一方向クラッチ35は、図6に示すよう
に、内輪34と外輪26に対向して設けた円筒面26
a、34a間に径の異なる2つの環状保持器38、39
を設け、その各保持器38、39に設けたポケット4
0、41に、それぞれスプラグ42を組込んで形成さ
れ、各スプラグ42は、リボンスプリング43によって
常に傾倒する方向にモーメントを受けている。
The one-way clutch 35, as shown in FIG. 6, is a cylindrical surface 26 provided to face the inner ring 34 and the outer ring 26.
Two annular retainers 38, 39 having different diameters between a and 34a
And a pocket 4 provided in each of the cages 38 and 39.
0 and 41 are formed by incorporating sprags 42, respectively, and each sprag 42 receives a moment in a direction in which it is always tilted by a ribbon spring 43.

【0025】上記構造の一方向クラッチ35では、内輪
34(駆動軸22a)の回転が外輪26(ホイールハ
ブ)の回転を上回ったときスプラグ42が傾倒して各円
筒面25a、34aに係合し、トルクを伝達する。逆に
外輪26の回転が内輪34の回転を上回ると各スプラグ
42に対して外輪26がフリーランニング(オーバラン
ニング)の状態となり、トルク伝達が行なわれない。こ
の実施例では一方向クラッチ35がロックする回転方向
を車両の前進走行時の回転方向となるように設定してい
る。
In the one-way clutch 35 having the above structure, when the rotation of the inner ring 34 (drive shaft 22a) exceeds the rotation of the outer ring 26 (wheel hub), the sprag 42 tilts and engages with the cylindrical surfaces 25a, 34a. , Transmit the torque. On the contrary, when the rotation of the outer ring 26 exceeds the rotation of the inner ring 34, the outer ring 26 becomes free running (overrunning) with respect to each sprag 42, and torque transmission is not performed. In this embodiment, the rotation direction in which the one-way clutch 35 is locked is set to be the rotation direction when the vehicle travels forward.

【0026】前記スライダー28の外径面に先端側の位
置と中間部の位置にそれぞれスプイライン溝(ギア)4
4と45が、小径部46を挾んで分離状に設けられ、内
輪34の内径面には先端のスプライン溝44が常時結合
し、スライダー28の回転を内輪34に伝達すると共
に、スライダー28の軸方向への移動を許容するスプラ
イン溝(ギア)47が設けられている。
The spuiline groove (gear) 4 is provided on the outer diameter surface of the slider 28 at the tip end side position and the intermediate portion position, respectively.
4 and 45 are provided separately with the small diameter portion 46 interposed therebetween, and the spline groove 44 at the tip is always coupled to the inner diameter surface of the inner ring 34 to transmit the rotation of the slider 28 to the inner ring 34 and the shaft of the slider 28. A spline groove (gear) 47 that allows movement in the direction is provided.

【0027】また、アウターギア37の内径面には、図
8や図9の如く、中間部のスプライン溝45が結合する
スプライン溝(ギア)48が設けられ、両スプライン溝
45と48の結合によりスライダー28とアウターギア
37は回転方向に一体化すると共に、スライダー28を
軸方向に移動させて小径部46をアウターギア37の部
分に位置させると、スライダー28とアウターギア37
は切り離されることになる。
Further, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, a spline groove (gear) 48 to which the spline groove 45 at the intermediate portion is joined is provided on the inner diameter surface of the outer gear 37, and the spline grooves 45 and 48 are joined together. The slider 28 and the outer gear 37 are integrated in the rotational direction, and when the slider 28 is moved in the axial direction to position the small diameter portion 46 at the outer gear 37, the slider 28 and the outer gear 37 are formed.
Will be separated.

【0028】前記スライダー28とアウターギア37と
の間には、スライダー28のスプライン溝45をアウタ
ーギア37のスプライン溝48に噛み合せるとき、スラ
イダー28の回転とアウターギア37の回転を同調させ
る同期摩擦機構49が設けられている。
Between the slider 28 and the outer gear 37, when the spline groove 45 of the slider 28 is engaged with the spline groove 48 of the outer gear 37, a synchronous friction for synchronizing the rotation of the slider 28 and the rotation of the outer gear 37. A mechanism 49 is provided.

【0029】この同期摩擦機構49は、アウターギア3
7の端面で外周寄りの位置に該アウターギア37と同軸
心状となるよう取付けた環状のテーパコーン50と、ス
ライダー28の外径面上に軸方向への移動が可能となる
よう装着したテーパコーン51との組合せによって構成
されている。
This synchronous friction mechanism 49 is used for the outer gear 3
7, an annular taper cone 50 mounted coaxially with the outer gear 37 at a position closer to the outer periphery on the end face of 7, and a taper cone 51 mounted on the outer diameter surface of the slider 28 so as to be movable in the axial direction. It is configured by the combination with.

【0030】上記環状のテーパコーン50は、図7と図
9(A)、(B)に示すように、内径面がアウターギア
37に向けて小径となるテーパ面52に形成され、この
テーパ面52には軸方向のスリット53が多数設けられ
ている。
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 9A and 9B, the annular taper cone 50 is formed with a taper surface 52 whose inner diameter surface becomes smaller toward the outer gear 37. A large number of slits 53 are provided in the axial direction.

【0031】アウターギア37に対する上記テーパコー
ン50の取付けは、図4の如く、アウターギア37に複
数のピン54を圧入固定し、テーパコーン50に設けた
複数の取付孔55をアウターギア37の端面から突出す
るピン54に挿入し、ピン54の先端にコーン押え56
を設けることにより、アウターギア37にテーパコーン
50を少しガタツキを与えた状態で取付けてある。
To mount the taper cone 50 on the outer gear 37, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of pins 54 are press-fitted and fixed to the outer gear 37, and a plurality of mounting holes 55 provided in the taper cone 50 are projected from the end surface of the outer gear 37. Insert it into the pin 54, and attach the cone retainer 56 to the tip of the pin 54.
Is provided, the taper cone 50 is attached to the outer gear 37 with a slight rattling.

【0032】スライダー28に取付たテーパコーン51
は、外径面が環状のテーパコーン50におけるテーパ面
52内に適合するテーパ面58に形成され、内径面には
スライダー28のスプライン溝45に外嵌結合するスプ
ライン溝(ギア)59が形成されている。従って、テー
パコーン51は、スライダー28と回転方向に結合され
た状態で軸方向に移動自在となる。
Tapered cone 51 attached to slider 28
Has a tapered surface 58 whose outer diameter surface fits within the tapered surface 52 of the annular tapered cone 50, and a spline groove (gear) 59 which is externally fitted and coupled to the spline groove 45 of the slider 28 is formed on the inner diameter surface. There is. Therefore, the taper cone 51 becomes axially movable while being connected to the slider 28 in the rotational direction.

【0033】上記テーパコーン51の後端に設けた筒状
部60に、スライダー28へ外嵌するばねケース61が
ピン62による結合によって固定され、該ケース61内
において、テーパコーン51の筒状部60の後端とスラ
イダー28の後端側外径面に設けた突部63との間に、
テーパコーン51を常時環状のテーパコーン50に向け
て押圧する予圧ばね64が縮設され、また、ばねケース
61の後端屈曲部65と突出部63とによって、テーパ
コーン51の前進位置を規制するストッパー66を形成
している。
A spring case 61, which is fitted onto the slider 28, is fixed to a tubular portion 60 provided at the rear end of the taper cone 51 by a pin 62, and the tubular portion 60 of the taper cone 51 is fitted in the case 61. Between the rear end and the projection 63 provided on the outer diameter surface of the slider 28 on the rear end side,
A preload spring 64 that constantly presses the taper cone 51 toward the annular taper cone 50 is contracted, and a stopper 66 that restricts the forward position of the taper cone 51 is provided by the rear end bent portion 65 and the protruding portion 63 of the spring case 61. Is forming.

【0034】スライダー28は、図4に示すように、小
径部46がアウターギア37に臨み、アウターギア37
と切り離した後退位置と、図5のように、スプライン溝
45がアウターギア37のスプライン溝48と結合した
前進位置との間を軸方向に移動し、スライダー28が後
退位置にあるとき、テーパコーン51は環状のテーパコ
ーン50と接触しないようにストッパー66で位置決め
保持され、また、スライダー28が前進位置にあるとき
は環状のテーパコーン50に圧接し、予圧ばね64で圧
接力が付与されることになる。
In the slider 28, as shown in FIG. 4, the small diameter portion 46 faces the outer gear 37, and the outer gear 37
When the slider 28 is in the retracted position, the taper cone 51 moves axially between the retracted position where the slider 28 is separated from the retracted position and the forward position where the spline groove 45 is connected to the spline groove 48 of the outer gear 37 as shown in FIG. Is held and positioned by a stopper 66 so that it does not come into contact with the annular tapered cone 50, and when the slider 28 is in the forward position, it comes into pressure contact with the annular tapered cone 50 and a pressure contact force is applied by the preload spring 64.

【0035】この発明の動力伝達装置は上記のような構
成であり、次に、この装置を用いた車両の走行状態につ
いて説明する。
The power transmission device of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure. Next, the running state of the vehicle using this device will be described.

【0036】2駆走行モード 2駆走行モードでは、図4のように、スライダー28を
後退動させ、スライダー28の小径部46をアウターギ
ア37の内側に位置させることにより、スライダー28
とアウターギア37の結合を解いておく。このとき、テ
ーパコーン51は環状のテーパコーン50から離れ、こ
の状態でも駆動軸22aと内輪34はスライダー28を
介して直結されている。
Two-wheel drive mode In the two-wheel drive mode, the slider 28 is moved backward and the small diameter portion 46 of the slider 28 is positioned inside the outer gear 37 as shown in FIG.
And the outer gear 37 are uncoupled. At this time, the taper cone 51 is separated from the annular taper cone 50, and even in this state, the drive shaft 22a and the inner ring 34 are directly connected via the slider 28.

【0037】この状態で車輌が前進走行すると、図6に
示すように、スプラグ42が係合作動位置に移行した状
態では、車軸の回転数より上回った回転が外輪26に与
えられた場合、スプラグ42は係合状態を解除し、外輪
26はフリーランニングすることができる。このため、
トランスファより動力を切離された前輪車軸22、23
は、タイヤからの駆動力によりそれぞれ回される。長尺
側の前車輪の駆動側はディファレンシャルを介し、短尺
側の駆動軸と反対方向の回転となる。その場合、リング
ギヤ15、ピニオンギヤ16、それに連結するトランス
ファーまでの駆動系は停止する。
When the vehicle travels forward in this state, as shown in FIG. 6, in the state where the sprag 42 is moved to the engagement operating position, when the outer ring 26 is rotated at a speed higher than the rotational speed of the axle, the sprag is rotated. 42 releases the engaged state, and the outer ring 26 can run freely. For this reason,
Front wheel axles 22 and 23 with power separated from the transfer
Are rotated by the driving force from the tires. The drive side of the front wheel on the long side is rotated in the opposite direction to the drive shaft on the short side via the differential. In that case, the drive system up to the ring gear 15, the pinion gear 16, and the transfer connected thereto is stopped.

【0038】また、上記の2駆走行モードにおいて、ト
ランスファーを4駆状態にすると、駆動軸22aの回転
が内輪34に伝わり、一方クラッチ35の係合で内輪3
4の回転が外輪26に伝わり、前進方向において4輪駆
動となり、駆動側と従動側の回転差に応じてフリーラン
ニング機能が作動する。
Further, in the above-mentioned two-wheel drive mode, when the transfer is set to the four-wheel drive state, the rotation of the drive shaft 22a is transmitted to the inner ring 34, while the engagement of the clutch 35 causes the inner ring 3 to rotate.
The rotation of 4 is transmitted to the outer ring 26, and four-wheel drive is performed in the forward direction, and the free running function operates according to the rotation difference between the driving side and the driven side.

【0039】すなわち、車両が旋回して蛇角をもつと、
前輪と後輪の旋回距離の差により、前輪に連結する外輪
26が内輪34よりも速く回転し、外輪26がスプラグ
42に対してフリーランニングする。このため、内輪と
後輪は切離されて回転し、ガイトコーナでのブレーキン
グ現象が生じない。
That is, when the vehicle turns and has a snake angle,
Due to the difference in turning distance between the front wheel and the rear wheel, the outer wheel 26 connected to the front wheel rotates faster than the inner wheel 34, and the outer wheel 26 runs freely with respect to the sprag 42. Therefore, the inner wheel and the rear wheel are separated from each other and rotate, and the braking phenomenon at the guide corner does not occur.

【0040】4駆走行モード 4駆走行する場合は、図5に示すように、スライダー2
8を前進位置に移動させ、スライダー28とアウターギ
ア37を結合する。これにより、駆動軸22aと22b
は、スライダー28、アウターギア37、外輪26を介
して直結した状態になり、前後輪が直結した4輪駆動状
態になる。
4WD Driving Mode In the case of 4WD driving, as shown in FIG. 5, the slider 2 is used.
8 is moved to the forward position to connect the slider 28 and the outer gear 37. This allows the drive shafts 22a and 22b to
Is in a state of being directly connected via the slider 28, the outer gear 37, and the outer ring 26, and is in a four-wheel drive state in which the front and rear wheels are directly connected.

【0041】上記の状態では、4駆走行を2駆走行に切
換えるのに車両を後退させる必要がないため、悪路にお
いて前後進を切換えて脱出するような場合でも4駆走行
状態が維持されることになり、大きな走破力を発揮する
ことができる。
In the above-mentioned state, since it is not necessary to move the vehicle backward to switch from four-wheel drive to two-wheel drive, the four-wheel drive state is maintained even when switching between forward and reverse on a rough road and escaping. That is, it is possible to exert a great running power.

【0042】また、2駆走行状態で摩擦係数が低く長い
登り坂等に停止し、その後4駆走行で発進する場合で
も、瞬時に4駆状態に切換り、その切換りにタイムラグ
がないため、スムーズな発進を行なうことができる。
Further, even when the vehicle is stopped on a long uphill or the like with a low friction coefficient in the two-wheel drive state and then started in the four-wheel drive, it is instantly switched to the four-wheel drive state and there is no time lag in the switching, You can make a smooth start.

【0043】ところで、上記の2駆走行から4駆走行へ
の切換え時において、スライダー28が前進位置に向け
て移動を開始すると、このスライダー28に装着したテ
ーパコーン51が環状のテーパコーン50に圧接し、予
圧ばね68の圧縮で圧接力が増大するため、駆動軸22
aの回転が両テーパコーン50、51を介してアウター
ギア37に伝わり、スライダー28とアウターギア37
は等速で同調回転し、この状態でスライダー28のスプ
ライン溝45がアウターギア37のスプライン溝48内
に進入する。
By the way, when the slider 28 starts moving toward the forward position at the time of switching from the two-wheel drive to the four-wheel drive, the taper cone 51 mounted on the slider 28 comes into pressure contact with the annular taper cone 50, Since the pressure contact force increases due to the compression of the preload spring 68, the drive shaft 22
The rotation of a is transmitted to the outer gear 37 via both taper cones 50 and 51, and the slider 28 and the outer gear 37 are rotated.
Rotate in synchronization at a constant speed, and in this state, the spline groove 45 of the slider 28 enters the spline groove 48 of the outer gear 37.

【0044】従って、スライダー28とアウターギア3
7の結合時において、両者は等速で回転しているので、
スプライン溝45と48の円滑な噛合せを行なうことが
でき、スライダー28とアウターギア37の回転差によ
る噛合時の激しいギヤ鳴りや衝撃などによる歯車の損傷
発生を防止することができる。
Therefore, the slider 28 and the outer gear 3
Since both are rotating at the same speed when 7 is connected,
The spline grooves 45 and 48 can be smoothly meshed with each other, and it is possible to prevent the gears from being damaged due to violent gear squealing or impact at the time of meshing due to the rotation difference between the slider 28 and the outer gear 37.

【0045】また、環状のテーパコーン50は、アウタ
ーギア37にガタツキのある状態で取付けてあるので、
テーパコーン51の嵌合圧接時に、環状のテーパコーン
50は、テーパコーン51の外径に沿うことになり、こ
れにより、両者のテーパ面52と58は全周面が確実に
密着することになり、大きな回転伝達容量が得られる。
Since the annular taper cone 50 is attached to the outer gear 37 in a rattling state,
When the taper cone 51 is press-fitted, the annular taper cone 50 follows the outer diameter of the taper cone 51, so that the taper surfaces 52 and 58 of both taper surfaces surely come into close contact with each other, and a large rotation occurs. The transfer capacity is obtained.

【0046】また、環状のテーパコーン50におけるテ
ーパ面52に軸方向のスリット53を多数設けることに
より、圧接するテーパ面52、58の油膜を切ることが
でき、スリップの発生を防ぎ、大きな回転伝達容量を得
ることができる。
Further, by providing a large number of axial slits 53 on the tapered surface 52 of the annular tapered cone 50, the oil film on the tapered surfaces 52 and 58 which are in pressure contact can be cut off, the occurrence of slip can be prevented, and a large rotation transmission capacity can be obtained. Can be obtained.

【0047】なお、2駆走行から4駆走行の切換えは、
図1に示したように、トランスファー18と連動した流
体駆動機31によるスライダー28の移動によって行な
うが、トランスファー18にシンクロ機構がある場合
は、同期摩擦機構は同期の補助的役割を果たし、ない場
合は、先に同期摩擦機構で同期させ、ギアを噛み合せた
後にトランスファー18を2駆走行から4駆走行にシフ
トさせる。
Switching from 2WD to 4WD is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 1, the movement is performed by moving the slider 28 by the fluid driver 31 interlocking with the transfer 18. However, when the transfer 18 has a synchronizing mechanism, the synchronous friction mechanism plays an auxiliary role of synchronization, and when not. First synchronizes with the synchronous friction mechanism, meshes the gears, and then shifts the transfer 18 from the two-wheel drive to the four-wheel drive.

【0048】[0048]

【発明の効果】以上のように、この発明によると、遠隔
操作によって一対の駆動部材と従動部材を噛み合せ、2
駆走行から4駆走行に切換えるとき、駆動部材と従動部
材の回転を同期させるようにしたので、4輪駆動への切
換時における駆動部材と従動部材の円滑な噛合せを行な
うことができ、回転差によるギヤ鳴りや衝撃による歯車
の損傷発生を防止することができ、2輪駆動から4輪駆
動に瞬時に切換えることが可能になる。
As described above, according to the present invention, a pair of driving member and driven member are engaged with each other by remote control.
When switching from four-wheel drive to four-wheel drive, the rotations of the drive member and the driven member are synchronized, so that the drive member and the driven member can be smoothly meshed when switching to four-wheel drive. It is possible to prevent gear noise due to the difference and damage to the gear due to impact, and it is possible to instantaneously switch from two-wheel drive to four-wheel drive.

【0049】また、環状のテーパ部材を従動部材に対
し、ガタツキのある状態で取付けたので、両テーパ部材
のテーパ面を確実に圧着させることができ、しかも、環
状のテーパコーンの内周面に軸方向のスリットを設けた
ので、圧接面の油膜を除去してスリップの発生を防ぎ、
これによって同期摩擦機構に大きな回転伝達容量を確保
できる。
Further, since the annular taper member is attached to the driven member in a rattling state, the taper surfaces of both taper members can be securely crimped, and moreover, the inner peripheral surface of the annular taper cone is provided with a shaft. Since a slit in the direction is provided, the oil film on the pressure contact surface is removed to prevent the occurrence of slip,
As a result, a large rotation transmission capacity can be secured in the synchronous friction mechanism.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】4輪駆動車の車輪駆動系を示す平面図FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a wheel drive system of a four-wheel drive vehicle.

【図2】同上における前輪駆動系を示す縦断面図FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a front wheel drive system of the above.

【図3】動力伝達装置の実施形態を示す横断平面図FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view showing an embodiment of a power transmission device.

【図4】同上要部の2駆走行状態を示す断面図FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a two-wheel drive state of an essential part of the same as above.

【図5】同上の2駆走行から4駆走行への切換状態を示
す断面図
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a switching state from 2WD driving to 4WD driving as above.

【図6】一方向クラッチの拡大断面図FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a one-way clutch.

【図7】同期摩擦機構の分解斜視図FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a synchronous friction mechanism.

【図8】(A)はアウターギアの正面図、(B)は同縦
断面図
FIG. 8A is a front view of the outer gear, and FIG. 8B is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.

【図9】(A)は環状テーパコーンの正面図、(B)は
同縦断面図
9A is a front view of an annular tapered cone, and FIG. 9B is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.

【図10】この発明の先行技術である動力伝達装置の断
面図
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a power transmission device according to the prior art of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

11 フロントディファレンシャル 12 前車輪 14 デフカバー 22a、22b 駆動軸 26 外輪 28 スライダー 30 フォーク 31 流体駆動機 34 内輪 35 一方向クラッチ 37 アウターギア 49 同期摩擦機構 50 環状のテーパコーン 51 テーパコーン 52、58 テーパ面 53 スリット 61 ばねケース 64 予圧ばね 66 ストッパー 11 Front Differential 12 Front Wheel 14 Differential Cover 22a, 22b Drive Shaft 26 Outer Ring 28 Slider 30 Fork 31 Fluid Drive 34 Inner Ring 35 One-way Clutch 37 Outer Gear 49 Synchronous Friction Mechanism 50 Annular Tapered Cone 51 Tapered Cone 52, 58 Tapered Surface 53 Slit 61 Spring case 64 Preload spring 66 Stopper

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 車両のディファレンシャルと車輪を連結
する駆動軸を軸方向に分離し、この分離部に、外部から
の遠隔操作によってトルクの伝達と遮断を行なうクラッ
チ機構を設け、このクラッチ機構のディファレンシャル
側に設けた駆動部材と車輪側に設けた従動部材との間
に、駆動部材と従動部材の噛合い時に両部材の回転を同
期させる同期摩擦機構を設け、この同期摩擦機構が、従
動部材に取付けた環状のテーパコーンと該テーパコーン
の内周に圧接するよう駆動部材に取付けたテーパコーン
とからなり、従動部材に取付けたテーパコーンの内周に
軸方向のスリットを複数設けた動力伝達装置。
1. A clutch shaft for separating a drive shaft for connecting a vehicle differential with a wheel in an axial direction, and transmitting and interrupting torque by a remote operation from the outside, and a differential of the clutch mechanism. Between the driving member provided on the side and the driven member provided on the wheel side, a synchronous friction mechanism that synchronizes the rotations of the driving member and the driven member at the time of engagement of the driving member is provided. A power transmission device comprising an attached annular taper cone and a taper cone attached to a drive member so as to be in pressure contact with the inner circumference of the taper cone, wherein a plurality of axial slits are provided on the inner periphery of the taper cone attached to the driven member.
【請求項2】 クラッチ機構は、ディファレンシャル側
の駆動軸に外部からの操作によって軸方向に移動する駆
動部材であるスライダーを外嵌係合し、車輪側の駆動軸
に固定した外輪とその内部に収納した内輪の間にディフ
ァレンシャル側の回転が車輪側の回転を上回ったときに
トルクを伝達し、それ以外のときにフリーランニングす
る一方向クラッチを組込み、外輪に従動部材であるアウ
ターギアを取付け、前記スライダーが常時内輪と回転方
向に結合した状態で軸方向への移動により、アウターギ
アと回転方向に結合する位置と切り離し位置とに選択す
るようになっている請求項1記載の動力伝達装置。
2. The clutch mechanism externally engages a drive shaft on the differential side with a slider, which is a drive member that moves in the axial direction by an external operation, and is fixed to the drive shaft on the wheel side. When the rotation on the differential side exceeds the rotation on the wheel side, the torque is transmitted between the stored inner rings, and a one-way clutch that runs free at other times is incorporated, and the outer gear that is a driven member of the outer ring is attached. 2. The power transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the slider is always connected to the inner ring in the rotation direction and is moved in the axial direction to select a position to be connected to the outer gear in the rotation direction or a separation position.
【請求項3】 同期摩擦機構における環状のテーパコー
ンがアウターギアにガタツキをもって取付けられ、スラ
イダーに取付けたテーパコーンは、スライダー上をスト
ッパーで制限された範囲で軸方向に移動自在となり、予
圧ばねで常時環状のテーパコーンに圧接する方向の弾性
が付勢され、スライダーがアウターギアに対して切り離
し位置にあるとき環状のテーパコーンから離反し、スラ
イダーがアウターギアと結合する方向の移動途中で環状
のテーパコーンに圧接するようになっている請求項2記
載の動力伝達装置。
3. An annular taper cone in a synchronous friction mechanism is loosely attached to an outer gear, and a taper cone attached to a slider is movable in an axial direction on a slider within a range limited by a stopper, and is always annular with a preload spring. When the slider is in the disengaged position from the outer gear, the slider is separated from the annular taper cone, and the slider is pressed into contact with the annular taper cone while moving in the direction to connect with the outer gear. The power transmission device according to claim 2, wherein
JP33071395A 1995-12-19 1995-12-19 Power transmission device Pending JPH09164855A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33071395A JPH09164855A (en) 1995-12-19 1995-12-19 Power transmission device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33071395A JPH09164855A (en) 1995-12-19 1995-12-19 Power transmission device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09164855A true JPH09164855A (en) 1997-06-24

Family

ID=18235737

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP33071395A Pending JPH09164855A (en) 1995-12-19 1995-12-19 Power transmission device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH09164855A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003127699A (en) * 2001-09-13 2003-05-08 Dana Corp Double connection release driving axle differential assembly

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003127699A (en) * 2001-09-13 2003-05-08 Dana Corp Double connection release driving axle differential assembly

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