JPH07122392B2 - Stabilization method of tunnel face - Google Patents
Stabilization method of tunnel faceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07122392B2 JPH07122392B2 JP6124390A JP6124390A JPH07122392B2 JP H07122392 B2 JPH07122392 B2 JP H07122392B2 JP 6124390 A JP6124390 A JP 6124390A JP 6124390 A JP6124390 A JP 6124390A JP H07122392 B2 JPH07122392 B2 JP H07122392B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chemical solution
- face
- injection
- tunnel
- ground
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は隧道工事やシールド工事において、砂質土を主
とした切羽の掘削作業に際し、切羽の崩壊や天端の崩落
を防止するための、トンネル切羽の安定工法に係るもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention is intended to prevent collapse of a cutting face and collapse of a crown at the time of excavating a face mainly of sandy soil in a tunnel or a shield work. This is related to the stable construction method of tunnel face.
（従来の技術） 従来この種のトンネル切羽の安定工法として、トンネル
孔（ａ）内より放射状に外周地山内に掘削機（ｂ）によ
って掘削方向に対して斜め方向に削孔し、（第８図及び
第11図参照）次いで前記掘削機（ｂ）による切羽削孔部
（ｃ）に鋼製パイプ（ｄ）を挿入し、（第９図及び第12
図参照）前記パイプ（ｄ）に設けた注入口より地盤改良
薬液注入装置（ｅ）を介して切羽掘削部外周に地盤改良
薬液（ｆ）を注入するパイプルーフ工法が適用されてい
る。（第10図及び第13図並に第14図参照） なお第15図及び第16図は他の従来工法として薬液注入工
法による切羽の状態を示すものである。(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a stable construction method of this type of tunnel face, a hole is radially drilled from the inside of the tunnel hole (a) into the outer ground by the excavator (b) in a direction oblique to the excavation direction, Then, a steel pipe (d) is inserted into the face drilling hole (c) by the excavator (b) (see FIGS. 9 and 12).
(Refer to the drawing) A pipe roof construction method is applied in which the ground improving chemical liquid (f) is injected from the injection port provided in the pipe (d) to the outer periphery of the face excavation portion via the ground improving chemical liquid injector (e). (See Fig. 10 and Fig. 13 as well as Fig. 14) Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 show the state of the face by the chemical liquid injection method as another conventional method.
図中（ｇ）は切羽、（ｈ）はトンネル孔（ａ）のモルタ
ル吹付層である。In the figure, (g) is the face and (h) is the mortar sprayed layer of the tunnel hole (a).
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 前記従来のパイプルーフ工法は、切羽に指向して鋼製パ
イプが斜方向に打込まれるので、同パイプの先端に至る
に伴ってパイプ間隔が大きくなるため、鋼製パイプの打
設間隔が重要な要素であり、先端薬液注入範囲を考慮し
て注入間隔を決めるため、手前側では無駄な薬液を注入
することとなり、不経済であり、且つ余分な手間を要し
た。また前記従来の薬液注入工法においては、薬液の過
不足が生じ、確実性に不安があった。(Problems to be solved by the invention) In the conventional pipe roof construction method, since the steel pipe is driven in an oblique direction toward the face, the pipe interval increases as the tip of the pipe is increased, The steel pipe driving interval is an important factor, and the injection interval is determined in consideration of the tip chemical injection range, so wasteful chemicals are injected on the front side, which is uneconomical and requires extra labor. Needed Further, in the above-mentioned conventional chemical liquid injection construction method, there is an excess or deficiency of the chemical liquid, and there is concern about the certainty.
本発明は前記従来工法の有する問題点に鑑みて提案され
たもので、その目的とする処は、従来工法より薬液注入
量が少なく、しかもより効果的に切羽の崩壊や天端の崩
落を防止するトンネル切羽の安定工法を提供する点にあ
る。The present invention has been proposed in view of the problems of the conventional method, and the purpose thereof is to reduce the injection amount of the chemical liquid as compared with the conventional method, and more effectively prevent the collapse of the face and the collapse of the crown. The point is to provide a stable construction method for the tunnel face.
（課題を解決するための手段） 前記の目的を達成するため、本発明に係るトンネル切羽
の安定工法によれば、隧道工事やシールド工事における
切羽の掘削作業において、掘削孔の外周に沿って放射状
に、掘削方向に対して斜め方向に削孔するとともに、同
各掘削部に、上又は下及び左右の３方向に薬液注入口が
配設された地盤改良薬液注入パイプを挿入し、前記削孔
部の外周地盤に前記各注入口より薬液を高圧噴射しなが
ら引抜いて前記外周地盤内に逆Ｔ形の薬液注入改良層を
放射状に造成するとともに、同逆Ｔ形の薬液注入改良層
内にその硬化前に補強筋材を挿入するものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, according to the tunnel face stabilization method of the present invention, in the face face excavation work in a tunnel or a shield work, a radial pattern is formed along the outer periphery of the excavation hole. In addition, a ground improvement chemical solution injection pipe in which a chemical solution injection port is provided in three directions of up or down and left and right is inserted into each of the excavation parts, and the drilling is performed in an oblique direction with respect to the excavation direction. The chemical solution is withdrawn from each of the injection ports into the outer peripheral ground of the portion while being injected at high pressure to radially form an inverted T-shaped chemical solution injection improving layer in the outer peripheral ground, and the reverse T-shaped chemical solution injection improving layer is formed in the reverse T type chemical solution injection improving layer. Reinforcing bars are inserted before hardening.
（作用） 本発明によれば前記したように、トンネル切羽の掘削孔
の外周に沿って放射状に掘削方向と斜め方向に掘削した
削孔部に挿入された地盤改良薬液注入パイプより切羽
に、同パイプの上又は下及び左右の３方向に配設された
薬液注入口から地盤改良薬液を噴射注入することによっ
て、同地山内に従来の円形断面より力学的に有利な逆Ｔ
形断面形の地盤改良薬液注入改良層が順続して形成さ
れ、切羽が効果的に補強される。(Operation) According to the present invention, as described above, the ground improving chemical liquid injection pipe inserted into the drilled portion radially drilled along the outer circumference of the drill hole of the tunnel face is inserted into the drilled portion, and By injecting the soil-improving chemical solution from the chemical solution inlets arranged in the three directions of above and below and the left and right of the pipe, the reverse T which is mechanically more advantageous than the conventional circular cross section in the ground.
The ground improving chemical solution injection improving layer having a cross-sectional shape is successively formed, and the face is effectively reinforced.
しかも本発明によれば前記地盤改良薬液注入改良層にそ
の硬化前に鉄筋、単管パイプ等の補強筋材が挿入される
ことによって引張強度が増大され、トンネル切羽の安定
化が図られる。Moreover, according to the present invention, the reinforcing strength material such as a reinforcing bar and a single pipe is inserted into the ground improving chemical liquid injection improving layer before hardening, so that the tensile strength is increased and the tunnel face is stabilized.
（実施例） 以下本発明を図示の実施例について説明する。(Examples) The present invention will be described below with reference to illustrated examples.
トンネル穴（１）内より地盤に応じてウオータージエツ
ト，ボーリングマシン，オーガー等の削孔機械（２）に
よって切羽（３）前方を５〜10゜の角度で長さ3m程度に
削孔する。（第１図参照） 図中（４）は削孔機械（２）の支持用Ｈ形鋼である。From the inside of the tunnel hole (1), depending on the ground, drilling machine (2) such as water jet, boring machine, auger, etc., drilling the front of the face (3) at an angle of 5 to 10 ° to a length of about 3 m. (See FIG. 1) In the figure, (4) is an H-shaped steel for supporting the hole making machine (2).
かくしてトンネル穴（１）外周部に放射状に設けられた
削孔部（５）に、地盤改良薬液注入装置に接続された薬
液注入パイプ（６）を挿入する。（第２図参照）通常は
削孔後、前記削孔機械（２）のロツドをそのまま薬液注
入パイプに転用する。Thus, the drug solution injection pipe (6) connected to the ground improvement drug solution injector is inserted into the drilled hole (5) radially provided on the outer periphery of the tunnel hole (1). (See FIG. 2) Usually, after drilling, the rod of the drilling machine (2) is diverted to the chemical injection pipe as it is.
前記薬液注入パイプ（６）には、第６図に示すように、
同パイプ（６）の中心軸線に対して互いにほぼ直交する
３方向に薬液注入口（７）が配設されている。As shown in FIG. 6, the chemical injection pipe (6) is
The chemical liquid inlets (7) are arranged in three directions substantially orthogonal to the central axis of the pipe (6).
次いで、同注入パイプ（６）を所定の速度で引抜きなが
ら所定量の地盤改良薬液、例えば水ガラスとセメントミ
ルクとの混合液を200〜400kgf/cm2程度で高圧噴射して
地山を切削し、薬液と攪拌混合する。（第３図参照） この際切削能力を向上するためにエアーを低圧で噴射す
る。Then, while pulling out the injection pipe (6) at a predetermined speed, a predetermined amount of ground improvement chemical liquid, for example, a mixed liquid of water glass and cement milk is injected at high pressure of about 200 to 400 kgf / cm 2 to cut the ground. , Mix with chemicals by stirring. (See FIG. 3) At this time, air is injected at a low pressure in order to improve the cutting ability.
而して前記薬液注入パイプ（６）はその中心軸線に対し
て互いにほぼ直交する３方向に薬液注入口（７）が設け
られているので、同各注入口（７）から地中に噴射され
た薬液は先拡がりの逆Ｔ形断面の固結体よりなる薬液注
入改良層（８）を形成する。Since the chemical liquid injection pipe (6) is provided with the chemical liquid injection ports (7) in three directions substantially orthogonal to the central axis, the chemical liquid injection pipes (6) are injected into the ground from the respective injection ports (7). The chemical liquid forms a chemical liquid injection improving layer (8) made of a solid body having an inverted T-shaped cross section with a divergence.
而して前記注入パイプ（６）を第３図に示すように一定
の速度で引抜きながら、長さ3m程度の逆Ｔ形断面の薬液
注入改良層（８）を形成したのち、瞬時に鉄筋（９）ま
たは単管パイプを挿入する。As shown in FIG. 3, while pulling out the injection pipe (6) at a constant speed, a chemical solution injection improving layer (8) having an inverted T-shaped cross section having a length of about 3 m is formed, and then the reinforcing bar (instantaneously 9) Or insert a single pipe.
更に第４図及び第５図に示すように、トンネル切羽
（３）の上半部120゜の範囲で前記の工程を反覆して、
鉄筋（９）または単管パイプで補強された逆Ｔ形断面の
薬液注入改良層（８）によるアーチ型の固結層を形成
し、切羽の安定性を保持し、トンネル掘進に伴なう地表
の沈下を防止する。Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the above steps are repeated in the upper half 120 ° of the tunnel face (3),
An arch-shaped solidified layer is formed by a chemical liquid injection improving layer (8) having an inverted T-shaped section reinforced by a reinforcing bar (9) or a single pipe, which maintains the stability of the face and keeps the ground surface associated with tunnel excavation. Prevent subsidence.
なお第４図中（１′）は次位の掘削部を示す。In addition, (1 ') in FIG. 4 shows the next excavation part.
（発明の効果） 本発明によれば前記したように、隧道工事やシールド工
事における切羽の掘削作業において、掘削孔の外周に沿
って放射状に掘削方向に対して斜め方向に削孔し、同各
削孔部に、中心軸線に対して上又は下及び左右の３方向
に薬液注入口が配設された地盤改良薬液注入パイプを挿
入して削孔部外周地盤に前記各注入口より地盤改良薬液
を高圧噴射しながら引抜いて、同外周地盤内に逆Ｔ形の
薬液注入改良層を放射状に造成するとともに、同薬液注
入改良層内にその硬化前に補強筋材を挿入して、削孔部
外周地盤改良薬液層を造成することによって、切羽の崩
壊や天端の崩落を防止するものである。(Effect of the invention) According to the present invention, as described above, in excavating a face in a tunnel or a shield work, a hole is radially drilled along the outer periphery of the drill hole in a diagonal direction with respect to the drilling direction. Insert the ground improvement chemical solution injection pipes in which the chemical solution injection ports are arranged in three directions above, below, and left and right with respect to the central axis into the drilled portion, and insert the ground improvement chemical solution into the outer circumference of the drilled hole from each of the injection ports. While drawing out the high pressure jet, a reverse T-shaped chemical liquid injection improving layer is radially formed in the outer peripheral ground, and reinforcing muscles are inserted into the chemical liquid injection improving layer before hardening to form a hole drilling portion. By forming the peripheral ground improvement chemical liquid layer, the collapse of the face and the collapse of the crown are prevented.
また本発明の方法によって外周地盤に造成される逆Ｔ形
断面の薬液注入改良層は前記従来工法において造成され
る円形断面の薬液注入層より力学的に有利であって、従
って前記従来工法に比して地盤改良薬液の注入量が少な
くて済み、同薬液の注入による地山の膨脹の影響が小さ
く、都市型トンネルを施工する場合には、近隣の他の構
築物に対する影響が少ない。Further, the inverted T-shaped cross section chemical solution injection improving layer formed on the outer ground by the method of the present invention is mechanically advantageous over the circular cross section chemical solution injection layer formed in the above-mentioned conventional method. Therefore, the injection amount of the soil improvement chemical solution is small, the influence of the expansion of the ground due to the injection of the chemical solution is small, and when constructing the urban tunnel, the influence on other neighboring structures is small.
更に本発明によれば前記薬液注入改良層に補強筋材が挿
入されることによって引張強度が増大され、トンネル切
羽の安定性がより向上される。Further, according to the present invention, the reinforcing strength is inserted into the chemical liquid injection improving layer, whereby the tensile strength is increased and the stability of the tunnel face is further improved.
第１図乃至第４図は本発明に係るトンネル切羽の安定工
法の一実施例の工程を示す縦断側面図、第５図は本発明
の方法で施工された切羽の状態を示す縦断側面図、第６
図は施工状況を示す部分拡大縦断正面図、第７図は薬液
注入改良層の縦断正面図、第８図乃至第10図は従来のパ
イプルーフ工法の工程を示す縦断側面図、第11図及び第
12図は夫々第８図並に第９図の縦断面図、第13図及び第
14図は夫々第10図の矢視Ｘ−Ｘ図並に矢視Ｙ−Ｙ図、第
15図は従来の薬液注入工法による切羽の状態を示す縦断
側面図、第16図は第15図の矢視Ｚ−Ｚ図である。 （１）……トンネル孔、（２）……削孔機械、 （３）……切羽、（５）……削孔部、 （６）……薬品注入パイプ、（７）……薬品注入口、 （８）……薬液注入改良層、（９）……鉄筋。1 to 4 are longitudinal side views showing steps of an embodiment of a method for stabilizing a tunnel face according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a vertical side view showing a state of a face face constructed by the method of the present invention, Sixth
Figure is a partially enlarged vertical front view showing the construction status, Figure 7 is a vertical front view of the chemical liquid injection improving layer, and Figures 8 to 10 are vertical side views showing the steps of the conventional pipe roof construction method, Figure 11 and First
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 9, FIG. 13 and FIG.
FIG. 14 is a view taken along the arrow XX of FIG.
FIG. 15 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing a state of a face by a conventional chemical injection method, and FIG. 16 is a Z-Z view of FIG. (1) …… Tunnel hole, (2) …… Drilling machine, (3) …… Face, (5) …… Drilling part, (6) …… Chemical injection pipe, (7) …… Chemical injection port , (8) …… Improvement layer for chemical injection, (9) …… Reinforcing bar.
Claims (1)
削作業において、掘削孔の外周に沿って放射状に、掘削
方向に対して斜め方向に削孔するとともに、同各掘削部
に、上又は下及び左右の３方向に薬液注入口が配設され
た地盤改良薬液注入パイプを挿入し、前記削孔部の外周
地盤に前記各注入口より薬液を高圧噴射しながら引抜い
て前記外周地盤内に逆Ｔ形の薬液注入改良層を放射状に
造成するとともに、同逆Ｔ形の薬液注入改良層内にその
硬化前に補強筋材を挿入することを特徴とするトンネル
切羽の安定工法。1. When excavating a face in a tunnel or a shield work, a hole is radially drilled along the outer periphery of the drill hole diagonally with respect to the drilling direction, and at the respective drilling parts, a top or bottom and A ground improvement chemical solution injection pipe having chemical solution injection ports arranged in three directions on the left and right sides is inserted, and the chemical solution is withdrawn from the injection holes into the outer peripheral ground of the drilled portion while high-pressure jetting, and the reverse T is introduced into the outer peripheral ground. A method for stabilizing a tunnel face, which comprises radially forming a chemical solution injection improving layer in a shape of T, and inserting reinforcing reinforcing material into the chemical solution injection improving layer of the same inverted T shape before hardening.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6124390A JPH07122392B2 (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1990-03-14 | Stabilization method of tunnel face |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6124390A JPH07122392B2 (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1990-03-14 | Stabilization method of tunnel face |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03262894A JPH03262894A (en) | 1991-11-22 |
| JPH07122392B2 true JPH07122392B2 (en) | 1995-12-25 |
Family
ID=13165597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6124390A Expired - Fee Related JPH07122392B2 (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1990-03-14 | Stabilization method of tunnel face |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07122392B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0640091U (en) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-05-27 | 日東鐵工株式会社 | Rock bolt for mirror surface reinforcement |
| GB2592699B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-03-16 | Hypertunnel Ip Ltd | Tunnelling shield |
-
1990
- 1990-03-14 JP JP6124390A patent/JPH07122392B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03262894A (en) | 1991-11-22 |
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