JPH0620554B2 - Method for producing gas adsorbent - Google Patents
Method for producing gas adsorbentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0620554B2 JPH0620554B2 JP63085854A JP8585488A JPH0620554B2 JP H0620554 B2 JPH0620554 B2 JP H0620554B2 JP 63085854 A JP63085854 A JP 63085854A JP 8585488 A JP8585488 A JP 8585488A JP H0620554 B2 JPH0620554 B2 JP H0620554B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- ion
- exchange
- exchange group
- molded article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFYJSSARVMHQJB-QIXNEVBVSA-N bakuchiol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC[C@@](C)(C=C)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LFYJSSARVMHQJB-QIXNEVBVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940023913 cation exchange resins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWGSUZKZDRMLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enal;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 GWGSUZKZDRMLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenylethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28023—Fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/12—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F291/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00
- C08F291/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00 on to irradiated or oxidised macromolecules
- C08F291/185—The monomer(s) not being present during the irradiation or the oxidation of the macromolecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/12—Chemical modification
- C08J7/16—Chemical modification with polymerisable compounds
- C08J7/18—Chemical modification with polymerisable compounds using wave energy or particle radiation
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は臭気成分、特に悪臭成分を効率的に除去する吸
着剤の製造方法に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing an adsorbent for efficiently removing odorous components, particularly malodorous components.
(従来の技術) 自然環境の破壊、生活環境の悪化の原因として大気汚染
問題は比較的古くから論議されてきた。最近の傾向は、
生活レベルの向上に伴い、ごく日常的な生活空間におけ
る居住性の向上に関心が向いていることである。そのた
め、以前は大気汚染物質の毒性による自然環境の破壊が
大きな問題となったが、最近は悪臭が快適さを損うとい
う理由でクローズ・アップされている。(Prior Art) The air pollution problem has been discussed for a long time as a cause of destruction of the natural environment and deterioration of the living environment. The recent trend is
With the improvement of living standards, there is an interest in improving habitability in everyday living spaces. For this reason, the destruction of the natural environment due to the toxicity of air pollutants has been a major issue in the past, but recently it has been highlighted as a reason that bad odors impair comfort.
一般に、悪臭成分は、アンモニア、トリメチルアミン、
硫化水素等のように極微量でも影響が大きいため、効率
の良い除去技術が必要とされている。Generally, the malodorous components are ammonia, trimethylamine,
Even if the amount is very small, such as hydrogen sulfide, it has a great effect, so efficient removal technology is required.
このような悪臭成分を除去する方法としては、酸やアル
カリを使用した薬液洗浄法、吸着剤を用いる吸着法、触
媒や酸化剤を用いる酸化法、燃焼法等が知られている。
これらの方法のうち、吸着法以外は比較的大きな事業場
などで大量の空気を処理する場合に適しており小事業場
や一般家庭には向いていない。これは装置が大きく操作
が複雑な上、危険な薬品を使用する等の理由による。Known methods for removing such malodorous components include a chemical cleaning method using an acid or an alkali, an adsorption method using an adsorbent, an oxidation method using a catalyst or an oxidant, a combustion method, and the like.
Of these methods, the methods other than the adsorption method are suitable for treating a large amount of air in a relatively large business site and are not suitable for small business sites or general households. This is because the device is large and complicated to operate, and dangerous chemicals are used.
吸着法は吸着剤として代表的な活性炭のほかゼオライ
ト、アルミナ等が使用されており、操作が簡単で場所も
とらないため、小事業場や一般家庭に向いているが問題
点も多い。In the adsorption method, zeolite, alumina, etc. are used as the adsorbents in addition to typical activated carbon, and because it is easy to operate and does not take up space, it is suitable for small businesses and ordinary households, but there are many problems.
活性炭は古くから粒状のものが多く使用され、最近、活
性炭素繊維が開発されて吸着性能が向上しているが、極
性物質、たとえばアンモニア、トリメチルアミン等の悪
臭成分の除去効果があまり高くない。これら悪臭成分
は、一般家庭でよく問題となるトイレ臭、魚の腐った臭
いの中心成分である。Granular activated carbon has been used for a long time, and recently, activated carbon fibers have been developed to improve the adsorption performance, but the effect of removing polar substances such as ammonia and trimethylamine is not so high. These malodorous components are the main components of toilet odor and rotten fish odor, which are often problems in general households.
ゼオライト、アルミナ等は吸着速度等が十分とは言えな
い。Zeolite and alumina cannot be said to have a sufficient adsorption rate.
特殊な吸着剤としてイオン交換樹脂が挙げられる。イオ
ン交換樹脂としてはカチオン交換樹脂とアニオン交換樹
脂があり、それぞれ塩基性ガス(アンモニア、トリメチ
ルアミン等)および酸性ガス(硫化水素、塩化水素等)
を吸着するが、形状がビーズ状なので使用方法が充填方
式に限定され、表面積が小さいので反応速度も早くな
い。An ion exchange resin is mentioned as a special adsorbent. Ion exchange resins include cation exchange resins and anion exchange resins, which are basic gases (ammonia, trimethylamine, etc.) and acidic gases (hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, etc.), respectively.
However, since the shape is a bead, the method of use is limited to the filling method, and the surface area is small, so the reaction rate is not fast.
(本発明が解決しようとする課題) 上記イオン交換樹脂における課題を改善するため、繊維
状のイオン交換体を用いることにより繊維の特長である
表面積の大きさと反応速度の早さとを生かしたガス吸着
剤が提案されている。しかし、これ等はいずれも短繊維
として製造されているに過ぎず、むしろ粉末に近いため
操作性は極めて悪い。成型加工が容易であるという繊維
状であることのもう1つの特長が十分生かされていると
は言い難い。(Problems to be solved by the present invention) In order to improve the above problems in the ion exchange resin, gas adsorption utilizing the size of the surface area and the fast reaction rate, which are the features of the fiber, by using a fibrous ion exchanger. Agents have been proposed. However, all of these are merely manufactured as short fibers, and are rather close to powders, so that operability is extremely poor. It is hard to say that the other advantage of being fibrous that molding is easy is fully utilized.
本発明が解決しようとする点は、短繊維、長繊維、ある
いは織布、不織布など任意の形状に成型加工することが
容易な繊維状イオン交換体よりなるガス吸着剤の製造方
法を提供することである。The point to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for producing a gas adsorbent comprising a fibrous ion exchanger which can be easily molded into any shape such as short fibers, long fibers, or woven or non-woven fabric. Is.
(課題を解決するための手段) 上記課題を解決すべく本発明による方法においては、有
機系高分子化合物に電離性放射線を照射したのち、グラ
フト重合を用いてイオン交換基を導入してガス吸着剤を
製造している。(Means for Solving the Problems) In the method according to the present invention for solving the above problems, an organic polymer compound is irradiated with ionizing radiation, and then ion exchange groups are introduced by using graft polymerization to adsorb gas. Manufacturing agents.
(作用) ここで用いる電離性放射線としては、α,β,γ,紫外
線,電子線などがあり、限定されるものではないがγ線
や電子線が比較的本発明には適している。(Function) Examples of ionizing radiation used here include α, β, γ, ultraviolet rays, and electron beams, but are not limited to them, and γ rays and electron beams are relatively suitable for the present invention.
有機系高分子化合物としては、ポリオレフィン系やハロ
ゲン化ポリオレフィン系のものが本発明には適している
が、この範囲に限定されるわけではない。As the organic polymer compound, a polyolefin-based compound or a halogenated polyolefin-based compound is suitable for the present invention, but is not limited to this range.
また、有機系高分子化合物の形状は繊維状が適してお
り、短繊維でも長繊維でも可能であり、繊維の成型体で
ある織布や不織布が特に適している。The organic polymer compound preferably has a fibrous shape, and can be either short fibers or long fibers, and a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric, which is a molded body of fibers, is particularly suitable.
有機系高分子化合物に電離性放射線を照射したのち、イ
オン交換基を有する及び/又はイオン交換基に転換可能
な重合性モノマーをグラフト重合させるが、基材とモノ
マーの接触の仕方がモノマーが溶液の場合と蒸気の場合
との2種類あり、前者を液相グラフト重合、後者を気相
グラフト重合と呼び、本発明の手段としてはいずれも可
能である。After irradiating the organic polymer compound with ionizing radiation, a polymerizable monomer having an ion-exchange group and / or convertible to an ion-exchange group is graft-polymerized. There are two types, the case of and the case of steam, and the former is called liquid phase graft polymerization and the latter is called gas phase graft polymerization, and both are possible as means of the present invention.
気相グラフト重合は液相グラフト重合に較べ、単に減圧
にするだけで反応終了後の未反応モノマーを除去できる
ため、洗浄工程が容易である。特に、本発明に用いる繊
維状の織布、不織布の場合のように、保液性が良く洗浄
しにくいものの反応には気相グラフト重合が経済的に極
めて有利である。更に、気相グラフト重合では基材の表
面付近に集中して反応が進行するため、ガス吸着などの
ように表面からの拡散速度が律速となるような場合にお
いてはガス吸着速度の点で気相グラフト重合の方が有利
である。Compared with liquid phase graft polymerization, vapor phase graft polymerization can remove the unreacted monomer after completion of the reaction simply by reducing the pressure, and thus the washing step is easy. In particular, as in the case of the fibrous woven or non-woven fabric used in the present invention, gas-phase graft polymerization is economically extremely advantageous for the reaction which has good liquid retention and is difficult to wash. Furthermore, in the gas phase graft polymerization, the reaction proceeds concentrating near the surface of the base material, so in the case where the diffusion rate from the surface is rate limiting such as gas adsorption, the gas adsorption rate is Graft polymerization is more advantageous.
イオン交換基を有する重合性モノマーとしては、アクリ
ル酸やメタクリル酸のようにカルボキシル基を有するも
の、スチレンスルホン酸ソーダのようにスルホン基を有
するもの、アリールアミンのようにアニオン交換性を有
するものがあり、また、イオン交換基に転換可能な重合
性モノマーとしては、アクリロニトリル、アクロレイン
スチレン、クロルメチルスチレン、メタクリル酸グリシ
ジル、ビニルピリジン等があるが、この範囲に限定され
るわけではない。イオン交換基に転換するには公知の方
法を用いることができる。Examples of the polymerizable monomer having an ion exchange group include those having a carboxyl group such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, those having a sulfone group such as sodium styrenesulfonate, and those having anion exchange properties such as arylamine. There are acrylonitrile, acrolein styrene, chloromethyl styrene, glycidyl methacrylate, vinyl pyridine and the like as the polymerizable monomer that can be converted into an ion exchange group, but the present invention is not limited to this range. A known method can be used for conversion into an ion exchange group.
イオン交換基としては、カチオン交換基としてスルホン
基、リン酸基、カルボキシル基のH型及び/又は塩型を
有するものが吸着速度および吸着容量の点で適してい
る。アニオン交換基としては、4級アンモニウム基、4
級より低級のアミノ基のOH型及び/又は塩型が適して
いる。使用方法により単一のイオン交換基か組合わせで
用いるかを適宜選ぶことができる。As the ion-exchange group, those having a sulfone group, a phosphoric acid group, and a carboxyl group as H-type and / or salt-type as a cation-exchange group are suitable in terms of adsorption rate and adsorption capacity. As anion exchange groups, quaternary ammonium groups, 4
The OH type and / or salt type of lower-grade amino groups are suitable. Depending on the method of use, it is possible to appropriately select whether to use a single ion-exchange group or a combination thereof.
以上述べたように、本発明によれば短繊維および長繊維
のいずれにもイオン交換基を有するガス吸着剤の製造が
可能であり、これを成型加工して小事業場や一般家庭に
も使用できるコンパクトな脱臭装置の製造も容易とな
る。特に、織布および不織布はそれ自体で微粒子の除去
に使用されているが、本発明によりイオン交換基を導入
されればガス成分の除去も同時に行える素材となる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to produce a gas adsorbent having an ion-exchange group for both short fibers and long fibers, which is molded and used for small businesses and general households. It is easy to manufacture a compact deodorizing device that can be used. In particular, woven fabrics and nonwoven fabrics are used by themselves for removing fine particles, but if ion-exchange groups are introduced according to the present invention, gas components can be simultaneously removed.
(実施例) 以下に、本発明による方法の実施例を説明する。(Example) Below, the Example of the method by this invention is described.
(実施例1) 直径30μのポリプロピレン製繊維よりなる目付20g
/m2の不織布5gに加速電子線を20Mrad照射したの
ち、スチレンを気相でグラフト重合して136%のグラ
フト率を得た。この不織布をクロルスルホン酸にてスル
ホン化したのち、3.1meq/gの中性塩分解容量を有する強
酸性カチオン交換繊維の不織布を得た。次に、これを一
片40cmの枠にはりつけてフィルター状とした。(Example 1) 20 g of areal weight made of polypropylene fiber having a diameter of 30μ
After irradiating 5 g of a non-woven fabric of 1 / m 2 with an accelerated electron beam of 20 Mrad, styrene was graft-polymerized in a gas phase to obtain a graft ratio of 136%. This non-woven fabric was sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid to obtain a non-woven fabric of strongly acidic cation exchange fiber having a capacity of decomposing a neutral salt of 3.1 meq / g. Next, this was attached to a frame of 40 cm each to form a filter.
アンモニア濃度15ppmに設定した30m3の部屋に前記
フィルタを設置し、1m3/minの流量で処理したとこ
ろ、室内のアンモニア濃度はわずか21分で1/2に低減
した。When the filter was installed in a 30 m 3 room where the ammonia concentration was set to 15 ppm and treated at a flow rate of 1 m 3 / min, the ammonia concentration in the room was reduced to 1/2 in only 21 minutes.
(実施例2) 実施例1と同様の条件でモノマーをクロルメチルスチレ
ンに変え、115%のグラフト率を得た。この不織布を
トリメチルアミン水溶液にて4級アンモニウム化し、水
酸化ナトリウム溶液で再生して2.6meq/gの中性塩分解
容量を有する強塩基性アニオン交換繊維の不織布を得
た。これを実施例1と同様の枠にはりつけてフィルター
状とした。(Example 2) Under the same conditions as in Example 1, the monomer was changed to chloromethylstyrene, and a graft ratio of 115% was obtained. This non-woven fabric was converted to a quaternary ammonium with an aqueous trimethylamine solution and regenerated with a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a non-woven fabric of strongly basic anion exchange fibers having a neutral salt decomposing capacity of 2.6 meq / g. This was attached to the same frame as in Example 1 to form a filter.
塩化水素濃度を20ppmに設定した30m3の部屋に前記
フィルタを設置し、1m3/minの流量で処理したとこ
ろ、室内の塩化水素濃度は25分と短時間で1/2に低減
した。When the filter was installed in a room of 30 m 3 in which the hydrogen chloride concentration was set to 20 ppm and the treatment was performed at a flow rate of 1 m 3 / min, the hydrogen chloride concentration in the room was reduced to 1/2 in a short time of 25 minutes.
(実施例3) 直径30μ、長さ1mmのポリプロピレン製短繊維5gに
加速電子線を20Mrad照射したのち、スチレンを液相
でグラフト重合して153%のグラフト率を得た。これ
をクロルスルホン酸にてスルホン化し、3.3meq/gの中性
塩分解容量を有する強酸性カチオン交換繊維を得た。次
に、この繊維0.5gを内径25mmのガラス管に2cmの層と
なるよう充填し、アンモニアガス10ppmを含有する空
気を1/minの流したところ、90時間経過後も処理
ガス中のアンモニア濃度は検出されなかった。Example 3 5 g of polypropylene short fibers having a diameter of 30 μm and a length of 1 mm were irradiated with an accelerated electron beam of 20 Mrad, and then styrene was graft-polymerized in a liquid phase to obtain a graft ratio of 153%. This was sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid to obtain a strongly acidic cation exchange fiber having a neutral salt decomposing capacity of 3.3 meq / g. Next, 0.5 g of this fiber was filled in a glass tube having an inner diameter of 25 mm so as to form a layer of 2 cm, and air containing 10 ppm of ammonia gas was allowed to flow for 1 / min. Was not detected.
(発明の効果) 本発明により、種々の形状およびイオン交換基を有する
繊維状ガス吸着剤が極めて容易に製造できるようになっ
たため、極微量の悪臭成分が効率的に除去され、生活環
境の改善に資すること大である。(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention makes it possible to very easily produce fibrous gas adsorbents having various shapes and ion exchange groups, an extremely small amount of malodorous components can be efficiently removed, and the living environment can be improved. It is important to contribute to.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 藤原 邦夫 群馬県高崎市綿貫町1233番地 日本原子力 研究所高崎研究所内 (72)発明者 関口 英明 千葉県市原市青葉台6―17―8 (72)発明者 藤井 敏昭 神奈川県大和市つきみ野8―8―3 (56)参考文献 特開 昭49−97789(JP,A) 特公 昭46−25363(JP,B1) 特公 昭56−46897(JP,B2) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Kunio Fujiwara, Kunio Fujiwara, 1233 Watanuki-cho, Takasaki-shi, Gunma Inside the Takasaki Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (72) Hideaki Sekiguchi 6-17-8, Aobadai, Ichihara-shi, Chiba (72) Invention Person Toshiaki Fujii 8-8-3 Tsukimino, Yamato City, Kanagawa Prefecture (56) Reference Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-97789 (JP, A) Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-25363 (JP, B1) Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-46897 (JP, B2) )
Claims (3)
維状であり且つ織布及び/又は不織布形状である有機系
高分子化合物の成形体に電離性放射線を照射したのち、
イオン交換基及び/又はイオン交換基を導入可能な基を
有する重合性モノマーを該成形体にグラフト重合するこ
とによって、該成形体にイオン交換基を導入することを
特徴とする、酸性及び/又は塩基性ガス吸着剤の製造方
法。1. After irradiating an ionizing radiation to a molded article of an organic polymer compound in which the fiber length is a fibrous short fiber and / or a long fiber and is a woven and / or non-woven fabric,
An ion-exchange group is introduced into the molded article by graft-polymerizing a polymerizable monomer having an ion-exchange group and / or a group capable of introducing the ion-exchange group into the molded article, acidic and / or Method for producing basic gas adsorbent.
はハロゲン化ポリオレフィン系である請求項1に記載の
製造方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic polymer compound is a polyolefin type or a halogenated polyolefin type.
カルボキシル基、4級アンモニウム基及び4級より低級
のアミノ基から成る群から選択される少なくとも一種で
ある、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。3. The ion exchange group is a sulfone group, a phosphate group,
The method according to claim 1 or 2, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a quaternary ammonium group, and an amino group lower than quaternary.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63085854A JPH0620554B2 (en) | 1988-04-07 | 1988-04-07 | Method for producing gas adsorbent |
DE19893910874 DE3910874C2 (en) | 1988-04-07 | 1989-04-04 | Process for producing an adsorbent fibrous fabric or nonwoven fabric with ion exchange groups available thereon, adsorbent fabric and nonwoven fabric and the use thereof |
US08/264,762 US5743940A (en) | 1988-04-07 | 1994-06-23 | Process for producing gas adsorbent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63085854A JPH0620554B2 (en) | 1988-04-07 | 1988-04-07 | Method for producing gas adsorbent |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH01258740A JPH01258740A (en) | 1989-10-16 |
JPH0620554B2 true JPH0620554B2 (en) | 1994-03-23 |
Family
ID=13870462
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP63085854A Expired - Lifetime JPH0620554B2 (en) | 1988-04-07 | 1988-04-07 | Method for producing gas adsorbent |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0620554B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3910874C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2857169B2 (en) * | 1989-05-22 | 1999-02-10 | 三井鉱山株式会社 | Sulfone group-containing heat-resistant polymer material and method for producing the same |
JP3152931B2 (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 2001-04-03 | サイマット リミテッド | Method for producing polymer sheet |
JP3238495B2 (en) * | 1992-11-02 | 2001-12-17 | 日本原子力研究所 | Purification method of trace contaminated air in clean room |
TW288051B (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1996-10-11 | Ebara Corp | |
US6659751B1 (en) | 1998-08-12 | 2003-12-09 | Ebara Corporation | Apparatus for radiation-induced graft polymerization treatment of fabric webs |
JP4064046B2 (en) | 1999-10-21 | 2008-03-19 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Organic polymer material, method for producing the same, and heavy metal ion removing agent composed thereof |
JP3708398B2 (en) | 1999-10-21 | 2005-10-19 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Functional separation material |
JP2001170423A (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-06-26 | Shinwa Corp | Filter unit |
JP4378540B2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2009-12-09 | 独立行政法人 日本原子力研究開発機構 | How to collect and recover scandium |
JP2008514735A (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-05-08 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Graft material and method for producing the same |
JP2010240630A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-28 | Shinwa Corp | Deodorization apparatus |
JP2012217986A (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2012-11-12 | Shinwa Corp | Tool for removing toxic gas |
CN116143959A (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-05-23 | 浙江工业大学绍兴研究院 | Preparation method of polyester material capable of efficiently adsorbing ammonia |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE561742A (en) * | 1956-10-18 | |||
US4157376A (en) * | 1977-10-04 | 1979-06-05 | Alovyainikov Alexandr A | Process for purification of gases |
EP0014459B1 (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1983-09-28 | Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute | Process for production of separators for use in cells |
JPS55106239A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-08-14 | Japan Atom Energy Res Inst | Preparation of hydrophilic membrane based on polyethylene membrane |
JPS5785826A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-05-28 | Japan Atom Energy Res Inst | Cation exchange membrane |
DE3515184A1 (en) * | 1985-04-26 | 1986-11-06 | Hartmut Ernst Artur Dr. 6907 Nußloch Brüschke | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SOLUTION DIFFUSION MEMBRANES AND THEIR USE FOR PERVAPORATION |
-
1988
- 1988-04-07 JP JP63085854A patent/JPH0620554B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-04-04 DE DE19893910874 patent/DE3910874C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3910874C2 (en) | 2003-12-24 |
JPH01258740A (en) | 1989-10-16 |
DE3910874A1 (en) | 1989-10-19 |
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