JPH06203946A - Flat heater element - Google Patents
Flat heater elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06203946A JPH06203946A JP4358201A JP35820192A JPH06203946A JP H06203946 A JPH06203946 A JP H06203946A JP 4358201 A JP4358201 A JP 4358201A JP 35820192 A JP35820192 A JP 35820192A JP H06203946 A JPH06203946 A JP H06203946A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- area
- electrodes
- heating element
- resistor
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/006—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using interdigitated electrodes
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、特定の温度域に達する
と、その抵抗値が温度上昇とともに増加する性質、即ち
正の温度特性を有する樹脂組成物を、抵抗体として利用
した面状発熱体に係り、特に乾電池、蓄電池などの小容
量電力電源においても使用できるように工夫したものに
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sheet-like heat generation using a resin composition having a property that its resistance value increases with an increase in temperature when it reaches a specific temperature range, that is, a positive temperature characteristic, as a resistor. The present invention relates to a body, particularly a device devised so that it can be used also in a small capacity power source such as a dry battery or a storage battery.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレ
ン等の結晶性樹脂に、カーボンブラック、グラファィト
等の導電性粒子を混入した組成物が、正の温度特性を示
すことはよく知られている。また、これらの樹脂組成物
は、一対の電極と組合わせられ面状発熱体として利用さ
れている。2. Description of the Related Art It has been well known that a composition obtained by mixing electrically conductive particles such as carbon black and graphite into a crystalline resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene exhibits positive temperature characteristics. Further, these resin compositions are used as a sheet heating element in combination with a pair of electrodes.
【０００３】この種の面状発熱体の一例を図４に示す。
まず、絶縁基板１１があり、この絶縁基板１１はポリエ
ステルフィルム等から構成されている。上記絶縁基板１
１上には、例えば、銅、アルミニウム等の金属箔からの
打ち抜き加工法、エッチング加工法等または金属材料を
配合した導電性塗料による印刷などにより一対の電極１
２、１２′が形成されている。前記一対の電極１２、１
２′上には正の温度特性を有する樹脂組成物が、張り合
わせ、印刷等の工法により抵抗体１３として形成されて
いる。前記一対の電極１２、１２′には、一対の電力供
給部１６、１６′が連続して形成されており、この電力
供給部１６、１６′に図示しない端子またはリード線等
を介して電圧を印加することによって抵抗体１３が発熱
する。尚、符号１５は両面接着テープ等の接着剤１４を
介して設けられた絶縁保護板であり、前記絶縁基板と同
様にポリエステルフィルム等から構成されている。An example of this type of sheet heating element is shown in FIG.
First, there is an insulating substrate 11, and this insulating substrate 11 is made of a polyester film or the like. The insulating substrate 1
A pair of electrodes 1 is formed on the electrode 1 by, for example, a punching method from a metal foil such as copper or aluminum, an etching method, or a printing method using a conductive paint containing a metal material.
2, 12 'are formed. The pair of electrodes 12, 1
A resin composition having a positive temperature characteristic is formed on 2'as the resistor 13 by a method such as laminating and printing. A pair of power supply units 16 and 16 'are continuously formed on the pair of electrodes 12 and 12', and a voltage is applied to the power supply units 16 and 16 'via terminals or lead wires (not shown). The resistor 13 generates heat when applied. Reference numeral 15 is an insulating protection plate provided via an adhesive agent 14 such as a double-sided adhesive tape, and is made of a polyester film or the like like the insulating substrate.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記構成の面状発熱体
は、それ自体が温度制御機能を有することから、使用温
度雰囲気の変化に対して発熱量を自己調節し不必要な発
熱を抑止できるという利点がある。したがって、低消費
電力の発熱体として好適に用いられるものである。しか
しながら、この面状発熱体であっても、小型で持ち運び
が容易な乾電池や蓄電池などの極めて小容量の電力電源
を使用した機器に対しては、消費電力が大きすぎて使用
できなかったり、また使用できた場合においても長時間
通電発熱させることが難しく、実用上の問題となってい
た。従って、乾電池や蓄電池などの小容量電力電源にお
いても十分に使用することのできる低消費電力の面状発
熱体が望まれていた。Since the planar heating element having the above-mentioned structure has a temperature control function itself, it is possible to suppress the unnecessary heating by self-adjusting the heating value with respect to the change of the working temperature atmosphere. There is an advantage. Therefore, it is preferably used as a low power consumption heating element. However, even with this planar heating element, the power consumption is too large to be used for devices using an extremely small capacity power source such as a dry battery or a storage battery that is small and easy to carry, or Even if it could be used, it was difficult to generate heat by energizing for a long time, which was a practical problem. Therefore, there has been a demand for a sheet heating element with low power consumption that can be sufficiently used even in a small capacity power source such as a dry battery or a storage battery.
【０００５】本発明はこのような点に基づいてなされて
ものでその目的とするところは、乾電池、蓄電池などの
小容量電力電源においても長時間に渡り通電使用を可能
とする低消費電力の面状発熱体を提供することにある。The present invention has been made on the basis of the above points. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to realize a low power consumption which enables energization and use for a long time even in a small capacity power source such as a dry battery or a storage battery. To provide a heating element.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するべく
本発明による面状発熱体は、絶縁基板と、該絶縁基板上
に形成された金属材料を主材料とする一対の電極と、正
の温度特性を有する樹脂組成物からなる抵抗体とから構
成される面状発熱体において、前記一対の電極の面積
は、前記面状発熱体の発熱部面積の５％以上３０％以下
であることを特徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above object, a sheet heating element according to the present invention comprises an insulating substrate, a pair of electrodes mainly composed of a metal material formed on the insulating substrate, and a positive electrode. In a planar heating element composed of a resistor made of a resin composition having temperature characteristics, the area of the pair of electrodes is 5% or more and 30% or less of the heating part area of the planar heating element. It is a feature.
【０００７】本発明において使用される絶縁基板として
は、通常用いられる材料であれば何でも良いが、放熱係
数が低い、例えばプラスチックフィルム等のような高分
子材料からなる絶縁基板が好ましく用いられる。The insulating substrate used in the present invention may be any material that is normally used, but an insulating substrate made of a polymer material having a low heat dissipation coefficient, such as a plastic film, is preferably used.
【０００８】本発明において使用される一対の電極とし
ては、公知の金属材料もしくは金属材料を適当なバイン
ダーにより配合し導電体としたものが用いられる。尚、
電極を形成する場合は、一対の電極の電極間距離を好ま
しくは１５ｍｍ以下、更に好ましくは１０ｍｍ以下にす
る。電極間距離が１５ｍｍを超えると、電極間の均一な
発熱分布を得ることが困難となる。As the pair of electrodes used in the present invention, a known metal material or a material prepared by blending a metal material with an appropriate binder is used. still,
When forming the electrodes, the distance between the pair of electrodes is preferably 15 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less. If the distance between the electrodes exceeds 15 mm, it becomes difficult to obtain a uniform heat generation distribution between the electrodes.
【０００９】本発明において使用される抵抗体は、正の
温度特性を有する樹脂組成物から構成される。正温度特
性樹脂組成物は、従来より様々な例が公開されているの
で、これらを用いれば良い。The resistor used in the present invention is composed of a resin composition having a positive temperature characteristic. Various examples of the positive temperature characteristic resin composition have been disclosed so far, and these may be used.
【００１０】次に、本発明において、一対の電極の面積
を発熱部面積の５％以上３０％以下としたことについて
説明する。この面状発熱体における発熱部面積とは、実
際に電流が流れ発熱する抵抗体部分の面積を言う。ま
た、一対の電極の面積とは、電力供給部を含めた電極の
全面積を言う。Next, in the present invention, the reason why the area of the pair of electrodes is set to 5% or more and 30% or less of the area of the heat generating portion will be described. The area of the heating portion in the planar heating element refers to the area of the resistor portion where current actually flows and heat is generated. The area of the pair of electrodes refers to the total area of the electrodes including the power supply unit.
【００１１】電極を構成する金属材料は、前記絶縁基板
や抵抗体などを構成する材料に比べて、はるかに放熱係
数が高く、電極周辺部の抵抗体温度を低下させる。その
結果、温度が低下した部分の抵抗体は正の温度特性によ
り抵抗値が低下し、反して電流量が増加し、消費電力が
増えることになる。したがって、消費電力を減少させる
ためには、電極周辺部の抵抗体温度を低下させないよう
にすれば良く、そのためには電極面積をより小さく限定
（発熱部面積の５％以上３０％以下）してやることが有
効である。電極の面積が発熱部面積の３０％を超える
と、消費電力を減少させることができず好ましくなく、
また５％に満たない場合は許容電流を満足する電極を構
成し難く、構成できたとしても加工時に電極が破損する
危険性が高く好ましくない。The metal material forming the electrode has a much higher heat dissipation coefficient than the material forming the insulating substrate or the resistor, and lowers the temperature of the resistor around the electrode. As a result, the resistance value of the resistor where the temperature is lowered is lowered due to the positive temperature characteristic, and on the contrary, the current amount is increased and the power consumption is increased. Therefore, in order to reduce the power consumption, it is necessary not to lower the temperature of the resistor around the electrodes, and in order to do so, the electrode area should be limited to a smaller value (5% or more and 30% or less of the heating area). Is effective. If the area of the electrode exceeds 30% of the area of the heat generating portion, the power consumption cannot be reduced, which is not preferable,
On the other hand, if it is less than 5%, it is difficult to form an electrode satisfying the permissible current, and even if it is possible, there is a high risk of the electrode being damaged during processing, which is not preferable.
【００１２】[0012]
【作 用】一対の電極の面積を発熱部面積の５％以上３
０％以下にすることによって、電極による放熱量は減少
し、その結果実使用時の電流量を抑えることができ、消
費電力を著しく減少させることが可能となる。この効果
は、上記構成以外の面状発熱体、例えば、金属箔自体が
発熱するエッチングヒータなどの面状発熱体などにおい
ては得ることができない効果である。即ち、エッチング
ヒータなどの面状発熱体においては、電極自体が抵抗体
を兼ねて発熱するため、限られた発熱面積の中で本発明
による限定された電極面積では適当な抵抗値（電極）に
て構成することが難しく、また構成した場合においても
抵抗体が細く、その結果、発熱が強くなり均一な発熱分
布を得ることができない。[Operation] Make the area of the pair of electrodes 5% or more of the heating area 3
By setting the content to 0% or less, the amount of heat radiation by the electrode is reduced, and as a result, the amount of current during actual use can be suppressed and the power consumption can be significantly reduced. This effect is an effect that cannot be obtained with a planar heating element having a configuration other than the above, for example, a planar heating element such as an etching heater in which the metal foil itself generates heat. That is, in a planar heating element such as an etching heater, the electrode itself also functions as a resistor to generate heat, so that an appropriate resistance value (electrode) can be obtained in the limited electrode area according to the present invention within the limited heating area. It is difficult to make the structure, and even if it is made, the resistor is thin, and as a result, the heat generation becomes strong and a uniform heat generation distribution cannot be obtained.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下、図面を参照して本発明を更に詳しく説
明するが、本発明はこの実施例によって制限されるもの
ではない。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
【００１４】《実施例１》実施例１としては、図１に示
すような構成の面状発熱体を製造した。まず、ＰＥＴフ
ィルム（ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム）からな
る絶縁基板１があり、この絶縁基板１上には、銅箔をエ
ッチングすることにより得られた一対の櫛型状電極２、
２′［電極間距離（Ｗ）は１０ｍｍ］が形成されてい
る。符号３は前記電極２、２′上に設けられた抵抗体で
あり、この抵抗体３はポリエチレン等の結晶性樹脂にカ
ーボンブラック等の導電性粒子を混入した組成物からな
り、正の温度特性を有している。これらを覆う絶縁保護
板５は、前記絶縁基板１と同様にＰＥＴフィルムからな
り、両面接着テープ４を介して形成されている。符号
６、６′は前記一対の電極２、２′に連続して形成され
た電力供給部であり、この電力供給部６、６′に所定の
電圧を印加することにより抵抗体３が発熱する。尚、前
記抵抗体３を構成する正温度特性樹脂組成物の体積抵抗
率は６．３Ω・ｃｍ、発熱体形成後の常温抵抗値は５２
Ωである。また、上記構成の面状発熱体の面積は、縦
５．０ｃｍ、横３．８ｃｍにて１９．０ｃｍ2、発熱部
面積は、縦３．５ｃｍ、横３．０ｃｍにて１０．５ｃｍ
2である。そのうち、電極面積は１．０７ｃｍ２であ
り、発熱部面積の１０．２％に当たる。Example 1 As Example 1, a sheet heating element having the structure shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured. First, there is an insulating substrate 1 made of a PET film (polyethylene terephthalate film), and on this insulating substrate 1, a pair of comb-shaped electrodes 2 obtained by etching a copper foil,
2 '[distance between electrodes (W) is 10 mm] is formed. Reference numeral 3 is a resistor provided on the electrodes 2 and 2 ′. The resistor 3 is made of a composition in which conductive particles such as carbon black are mixed in a crystalline resin such as polyethylene and has a positive temperature characteristic. have. The insulating protection plate 5 that covers these is made of a PET film like the insulating substrate 1, and is formed via the double-sided adhesive tape 4. Reference numerals 6 and 6'denotes power supply portions formed continuously with the pair of electrodes 2 and 2 ', and the resistor 3 generates heat by applying a predetermined voltage to the power supply portions 6 and 6'. . The volume resistivity of the positive temperature characteristic resin composition constituting the resistor 3 is 6.3 Ω · cm, and the room temperature resistance value after formation of the heating element is 52.
Ω. Further, the area of the planar heating element having the above structure is 5.0 cm in length and 3.8 cm in width and 19.0 cm 2 , and the area of the heating portion is 3.5 cm in length and 10.5 cm in width 3.0 cm.
Is 2 . Among them, the electrode area is 1.07 cm 2 , which corresponds to 10.2% of the heating area.
【００１５】《実施例２》実施例２としては、図２に示
すような構成の面状発熱体を製造した。この面状発熱体
の面積は縦４．９ｃｍ、横３．９ｃｍにて１９．１ｃｍ
２、発熱部面積は縦３．４ｃｍ、横３．３ｃｍにて１
１．２ｃｍ２である。そのうち、電極面積は３．１０ｃ
ｍ２であり、発熱部面積の２７．７％に当たる。尚、電
極間距離（Ｗ）は１０ｍｍであり、抵抗体の体積抵抗率
は６．３Ω・ｃｍ、常温抵抗値は３９Ωである。Example 2 As Example 2, a sheet heating element having the structure shown in FIG. 2 was manufactured. The area of this sheet heating element is 4.9 cm in length, 3.9 cm in width, and 19.1 cm in width.
2. The area of the heat generating part is 3.4 cm in length and 3.3 cm in width.
It is 1.2 cm 2 . Of which, the electrode area is 3.10c
m 2 and corresponds to 27.7% of the area of the heat generating portion. The distance (W) between the electrodes was 10 mm, the volume resistivity of the resistor was 6.3 Ω · cm, and the room temperature resistance was 39 Ω.
【００１６】《実施例３》実施例３としては、図３に示
すような構成の面状発熱体を製造した。この面状発熱体
の面積は縦４．９ｃｍ、横４．５ｃｍにて２２．１ｃｍ
２、発熱部面積は縦３．３ｃｍ、横３．９ｃｍにて１
２．９ｃｍ２である。そのうち、電極面積は３．６８ｃ
ｍ２であり、発熱部面積の２８．５％に当たる。尚、電
極間距離（Ｗ）は７ｍｍであり、抵抗体の体積抵抗率は
１６Ω・ｃｍ、常温抵抗値は３６Ωである。Example 3 As Example 3, a sheet heating element having the structure shown in FIG. 3 was manufactured. The area of this sheet heating element is 4.9 cm in length, 4.5 cm in width and 22.1 cm in width.
2 , the heating area is 3.3 cm in length and 3.9 cm in width, 1
It is 2.9 cm 2 . Of which, the electrode area is 3.68c
m 2 and corresponds to 28.5% of the area of the heat generating portion. The distance (W) between the electrodes was 7 mm, the volume resistivity of the resistor was 16 Ω · cm, and the room temperature resistance was 36 Ω.
【００１７】《比較例》次に、比較例として図４に示し
たような従来構造の面状発熱体を製造した。この面状発
熱体の面積は縦４．９ｃｍ、横４．２ｃｍにて２０．６
ｃｍ２、発熱部面積は縦３．４ｃｍ、横３．８ｃｍにて
１２．９ｃｍ２である。そのうち、電極面積は、５．０
４ｃｍ２で発熱部面積の３９．１％に当たる。尚、電極
間距離（Ｗ′）は３ｍｍであり、抵抗体の体積抵抗率は
７．９Ω・ｃｍ、常温抵抗値は９．１Ωである。Comparative Example Next, as a comparative example, a planar heating element having a conventional structure as shown in FIG. 4 was manufactured. The area of this sheet heating element is 4.9 cm in height and 4.2 cm in width 4.2 cm.
cm 2 , and the area of the heat generating part is 3.4 cm in length and 3.8 cm in width, which is 12.9 cm 2 . Of which, the electrode area is 5.0
It corresponds to 39.1% of the area of the heat generating part at 4 cm 2 . The distance (W ') between the electrodes was 3 mm, the volume resistivity of the resistor was 7.9 Ω · cm, and the room temperature resistance was 9.1 Ω.
【００１８】ここで、上述のようにして製造した４種類
の面状発熱体を試料として、各試料を恒温空中に放置
し、発熱温度が恒温温度に対して１０．０ｄｅｇ上昇し
た時の消費電力を測定した。尚、測定は３０℃の雰囲気
中で行い、結果は表１に示した。Here, the four kinds of sheet heating elements manufactured as described above are used as samples, and each sample is left in a constant temperature air, and the power consumption when the heat generation temperature rises 10.0 deg with respect to the constant temperature. Was measured. The measurement was performed in an atmosphere of 30 ° C., and the results are shown in Table 1.
【００１９】[0019]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２０】表１から判るように、比較例（従来構造）
の面状発熱体は１０．０ｄｅｇ上昇するのに３３２ｍＷ
の消費電力であったのに対し、実施例１から実施例３
（本発明）の面状発熱体は１０．０ｄｅｇ上昇するのに
２２９〜２７７ｍＷしか必要とせず、比較例に対して１
７〜３１％の低消費電力であった。これは電極面積を発
熱部面積の３０．０％以下とすることによって、顕著に
低消費電力になるという特徴を示している。As can be seen from Table 1, a comparative example (conventional structure)
The surface heating element of 332mW for rising 10.0 deg
Although the power consumption was 1 to 3,
The planar heating element of the present invention requires only 229 to 277 mW to raise 10.0 deg, which is 1 in comparison with the comparative example.
It had a low power consumption of 7 to 31%. This indicates that the power consumption is remarkably reduced by setting the electrode area to 30.0% or less of the heat generating area.
【００２１】次に実施例２の面状発熱体と比較例の面状
発熱体を用いて、低電力電源として単３型乾電池４本を
使用した連続発熱時間を測定したところ、比較例におい
ては２２時間発熱したのに対して、実施例２においては
４３時間の発熱を得ることができた。このように、本実
施例の面状発熱体は、低消費電力であることから長時間
に渡り通電使用された場合においても、安定した発熱を
得ることが可能となる。Next, using the sheet heating element of Example 2 and the sheet heating element of the comparative example, continuous heating time was measured using four AA dry batteries as a low power source. Exothermic heat for 22 hours was obtained, whereas exothermic heat for 43 hours could be obtained in Example 2. As described above, since the sheet heating element of the present embodiment has low power consumption, it is possible to obtain stable heat generation even when energized and used for a long time.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、絶
縁基板と、該絶縁基板上に形成された金属材料を主材料
とする一対の電極と、正の温度特性を有する樹脂組成物
からなる抵抗体とから構成される面状発熱体において、
一対の電極の面積を発熱部面積の５％以上３０％以下と
することにより、長時間に渡り通電使用された場合にお
いても、安定した発熱特性を維持することができる低消
費電力の面状発熱体を容易に得ることが可能であり、実
用上極めて有益なものである。As described above, according to the present invention, an insulating substrate, a pair of electrodes mainly composed of a metal material formed on the insulating substrate, and a resin composition having a positive temperature characteristic are used. In a planar heating element composed of
By making the area of the pair of electrodes 5% or more and 30% or less of the area of the heat generating portion, surface heat generation with low power consumption that can maintain stable heat generation characteristics even when energized and used for a long time The body can be obtained easily, which is extremely useful in practice.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す図で（ａ）は面状発熱
体の平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view of a planar heating element, and (b) is a sectional view of (a).
【図２】本発明の他の実施例を示す図で（ａ）は面状発
熱体の平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の断面図である。2A and 2B are views showing another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view of a planar heating element, and FIG. 2B is a sectional view of FIG. 2A.
【図３】本発明の他の実施例を示す図で（ａ）は面状発
熱体の平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の断面図である。3A and 3B are views showing another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a plan view of a planar heating element, and FIG. 3B is a sectional view of FIG.
【図４】従来例及び比較例を示す図で（ａ）は面状発熱
体の平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の断面図である。4A and 4B are diagrams showing a conventional example and a comparative example, in which FIG. 4A is a plan view of a planar heating element, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view of FIG.
１ 絶縁基板 ２ 電極 ２′電極 ３ 抵抗体 ４ 両面接着テープ ５ 絶縁保護板 ６ 電力供給部 ６′電力供給部 1 Insulating Substrate 2 Electrode 2'Electrode 3 Resistor 4 Double-sided Adhesive Tape 5 Insulation Protective Plate 6 Power Supply Section 6'Power Supply Section
Claims (1)
金属材料を主材料とする一対の電極と、正の温度特性を
有する樹脂組成物からなる抵抗体とから構成される面状
発熱体において、前記一対の電極の面積は、前記面状発
熱体の発熱部面積の５％以上３０％以下であることを特
徴とする面状発熱体。1. A sheet-like heat generating device comprising: an insulating substrate; a pair of electrodes formed on the insulating substrate and having a metal material as a main material; and a resistor made of a resin composition having a positive temperature characteristic. In the body, the area of the pair of electrodes is 5% or more and 30% or less of the area of the heat generating portion of the sheet heating element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4358201A JPH06203946A (en) | 1992-12-26 | 1992-12-26 | Flat heater element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4358201A JPH06203946A (en) | 1992-12-26 | 1992-12-26 | Flat heater element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06203946A true JPH06203946A (en) | 1994-07-22 |
Family
ID=18458055
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4358201A Pending JPH06203946A (en) | 1992-12-26 | 1992-12-26 | Flat heater element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06203946A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100604183B1 (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2006-07-31 | 이병호 | Heating units for low power consumption, Method to produce the units, Portable heating apparatus using the units |
| CN111263474A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-09 | 包继宏 | Electrothermal film with overheat protection function |
-
1992
- 1992-12-26 JP JP4358201A patent/JPH06203946A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100604183B1 (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2006-07-31 | 이병호 | Heating units for low power consumption, Method to produce the units, Portable heating apparatus using the units |
| CN111263474A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-09 | 包继宏 | Electrothermal film with overheat protection function |
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