JPH0419423B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0419423B2
JPH0419423B2 JP3755787A JP3755787A JPH0419423B2 JP H0419423 B2 JPH0419423 B2 JP H0419423B2 JP 3755787 A JP3755787 A JP 3755787A JP 3755787 A JP3755787 A JP 3755787A JP H0419423 B2 JPH0419423 B2 JP H0419423B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
air
tube
heat exchanger
low
temperature liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP3755787A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63203995A (en
Inventor
Kazuo Sakashita
Yoshimitsu Hashizume
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Gas Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Priority to JP3755787A priority Critical patent/JPS63203995A/en
Publication of JPS63203995A publication Critical patent/JPS63203995A/en
Publication of JPH0419423B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0419423B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0311—Air heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/032—Avoiding freezing or defrosting

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、液化天然ガス（LNG）、液化石油ガ
ス（LPG）、液体窒素或いは液体酸素等のような
低温液体を大気を熱源として気化する装置に関す
るものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a method for vaporizing low-temperature liquids such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquid nitrogen, or liquid oxygen using the atmosphere as a heat source. It is related to the device.

［従来の技術］ 低温液体の気化装置として、大気で加熱する所
謂空温チユーブ式気化器を使用することは、特開
昭51−142713号公報にその一例が記載されてい
る。[Prior Art] An example of the use of a so-called air-heated tube vaporizer heated in the atmosphere as a low-temperature liquid vaporizer is described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 142713/1983.

この先行技術は、空温チユーブの外側に大気を
強制又は自然通風することによりその空温チユー
ブ内の液化ガスを温めて気化するようにしたもの
である。 In this prior art, the liquefied gas inside the air heating tube is heated and vaporized by forced or natural ventilation of the air outside the air heating tube.

［従来技術の課題］ ところが、約−162℃の極く低温の液化天然ガ
ス等が直接空温チユーブに供給されることによ
り、空温チユーブの外表面の温度は氷点以下の可
成り低い温度になり、空温チユーブの外表面に大
気中の水分が微粒雪片状となつて付着する。この
雪片はサラサラしているので厚く付着することは
ないが、大気の温度が０℃以上の場合であつて、
特に15℃を越えると、雪片付着層の外表面が融
解・氷結現象を繰り返し、この外表面は普通の氷
が成長したのと同様になり、空温チユーブにおけ
る熱伝達率が短い時間で低下する。そこで、従来
は空温チユーブの外表面の氷結物を気化運転を停
止して除去する作業を頻繁に行なわなければなら
ないという欠点がある。又、この除去作業中も気
化を必要とする場合には、二台の気化装置を用意
して切り替えて運転する必要があり、設備が二倍
になる欠点がある。[Problems with conventional technology] However, by directly supplying extremely low temperature liquefied natural gas (approximately -162°C) to the air-heated tube, the temperature of the outer surface of the air-heated tube drops to a considerably low temperature below the freezing point. As a result, moisture in the atmosphere forms fine snowflakes and adheres to the outer surface of the air-heated tube. These snowflakes are smooth and do not stick to each other thickly, but when the atmospheric temperature is above 0℃,
In particular, when the temperature exceeds 15℃, the outer surface of the snowflake adhesion layer repeatedly melts and freezes, and this outer surface becomes similar to that of ordinary ice that has grown, and the heat transfer coefficient in the air-heated tube decreases in a short period of time. . Therefore, the conventional method has a disadvantage in that it is necessary to frequently remove frozen matter from the outer surface of the air-heating tube by stopping the vaporization operation. Furthermore, if vaporization is required during this removal work, it is necessary to prepare two vaporizers and operate them by switching between them, which has the drawback of doubling the equipment.

本発明は、液化天然ガス等の低温液体を空温チ
ユーブを使用して気化する装置において、空温チ
ユーブの外表面に氷結現象を生じない装置を提供
することが目的である。 An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for vaporizing a low-temperature liquid such as liquefied natural gas using an air-heated tube, which does not cause freezing on the outer surface of the air-heated tube.

［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明の構成は次のとおりである。[Means to solve the problem] The configuration of the present invention is as follows.

チユーブ内に気化用の低温液体を通し、このチ
ユーブ外に前記低温液体気化用の大気を通風させ
るように構成して成る空温チユーブ式気化器と、 前記空温チユーブ式気化器にブロアにより大気
を供給する通風路内に組み込まれた熱交換器と、 前記熱交換器内に気化用の低温液体の一部を循
環させることにより通風路内の大気を冷却するた
めに、熱交換器と低温液体供給ライン間に接続さ
れた低温液体循環ラインと、 から成る低温液体気化装置。 An air-tempered tube vaporizer configured to pass a low-temperature liquid for vaporization into a tube and ventilate the atmosphere for vaporizing the low-temperature liquid outside the tube; a heat exchanger incorporated in the ventilation duct for supplying the air; A cryogenic liquid vaporization device comprising: a cryogenic liquid circulation line connected between liquid supply lines;

［作用］ 空温チユーブ式気化器のチユーブ内には、低温
液体供給ラインを経由して低温液体が通され、通
風路内にはブロアから大気が導入され、この大気
は空温チユーブ式気化器のチユーブの外側を通
り、この間にチユーブ内の低温液体を加熱して気
化する。[Function] A low-temperature liquid is passed through the tube of the air-heated tube vaporizer via a low-temperature liquid supply line, and air is introduced into the ventilation passage from a blower. During this time, the low temperature liquid inside the tube is heated and vaporized.

一方、低温液体供給ラインから低温液体循環ラ
インを経由して通風路内の熱交換器に導入された
低温液体の一部は、通風路内を通過する大気を０
℃以下に冷却し、大気中の水分を氷結させること
により、気化器に至る大気中から水分を除去す
る。 On the other hand, a part of the low temperature liquid introduced from the low temperature liquid supply line to the heat exchanger in the ventilation passage via the low temperature liquid circulation line removes the air passing through the ventilation passage.
Moisture is removed from the atmosphere leading to the vaporizer by cooling it to below ℃ and freezing the moisture in the atmosphere.

なお、通風路内で大気中に熱を与えて気化した
低温液体は、気体器の出側に配置したスーパーヒ
ータの入口又は消費側へ直接送り出すようにして
もよい。勿論、液体の場合には低温液体供給ライ
ンに戻す。 Note that the low-temperature liquid that has been vaporized by applying heat to the atmosphere in the ventilation passage may be sent directly to the inlet or consumption side of a super heater disposed on the outlet side of the gas container. Of course, if it is a liquid, it is returned to the low temperature liquid supply line.

［実施例］ 第１図に本発明の実施例を示す。符号の１は低
温液体供給ラインにして、この低温液体供給ライ
ン１は空温チユーブ式気化器のチユーブ３の入側
に接続されている。４はスーパーヒータにして、
このスーパーヒータ４の入口は前記チユーブ３の
出側に接続され、出口は気化ガスの送出ライン２
に接続されている。[Example] FIG. 1 shows an example of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 designates a low temperature liquid supply line, and this low temperature liquid supply line 1 is connected to the inlet side of the tube 3 of the air-heated tube type vaporizer. 4 is a super heater,
The inlet of this super heater 4 is connected to the outlet side of the tube 3, and the outlet is connected to the vaporized gas delivery line 2.
It is connected to the.

５は大気を通風路１２を経由して前記気化器に
送り込むためのブロア、６は通風路１２内に組み
込んだ熱交換器にして、この熱交換器６の入口に
は、低温液体供給ライン１から分岐した入ライン
８が接続され、出口には戻りライン８ａが接続さ
れ、この戻りライン８ａは低温液体供給ライン１
に接続されており、入ライン８と戻りライン８ａ
で熱交換器６内に低温液体の一部が循環する循環
ラインを構成している。符号の７は調整バルブ、
１０は通風路１２内であつて、前記熱交換器６の
下流側に取り付けたバツフル板、１１はドレーン
バルブ、１２ａは気化器の大気出口である。 5 is a blower for sending air into the vaporizer via the ventilation passage 12; 6 is a heat exchanger built into the ventilation passage 12; a low temperature liquid supply line 1 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 6; An inlet line 8 branched from is connected to the outlet, and a return line 8a is connected to the outlet, and this return line 8a is connected to the cryogenic liquid supply line 1.
is connected to the input line 8 and return line 8a.
This constitutes a circulation line in which a portion of the low temperature liquid circulates within the heat exchanger 6. The code 7 is the adjustment valve,
Reference numeral 10 indicates a baffle plate installed in the ventilation passage 12 on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 6, reference numeral 11 indicates a drain valve, and reference numeral 12a indicates an atmospheric outlet of the vaporizer.

上記実施例においては、低温液体供給ライン１
から例えばLNGを供給すると、このLNGは気化
器内のチユーブ３内を上昇し、この上昇過程にお
いてブロア５により通風路１２を経由して気化器
内に送り込まれた大気と熱交換し、気化してスー
パーヒータ４を通り、送出ライン２から消費側へ
送り出される。 In the above embodiment, the cryogenic liquid supply line 1
For example, when LNG is supplied from a tank, this LNG rises in the tube 3 in the vaporizer, and during this rising process, it exchanges heat with the atmosphere sent into the vaporizer via the ventilation passage 12 by the blower 5, and is vaporized. It passes through the super heater 4 and is sent out from the delivery line 2 to the consumption side.

このようにして行なわれるガス化において、大
気は通風路１２内に組み込まれた熱交換器６によ
り、低温液体で冷却される。この冷却温度は、大
気中の水分が氷結する０℃〜−５℃程度とする。
冷却により氷結した結晶体は、バツフル板１０に
当接して大気中から除去され、ドレーンバルブ１
１からドレーンとして排水される。 In the gasification carried out in this way, the atmospheric air is cooled with a low temperature liquid by means of a heat exchanger 6 installed in the ventilation passage 12. This cooling temperature is set to about 0°C to -5°C at which moisture in the atmosphere freezes.
The crystals frozen by cooling are removed from the atmosphere by contacting the baffle plate 10, and are removed from the atmosphere by the drain valve 1.
Water is drained from 1 as a drain.

第２図は他のの実施例を示し、この実施例は、
熱交換器を６と６′の二組とし、一方の熱交換器
６に氷結したときは自動的に他の熱交換器６′に
弁７，７′を切り替え、この間に片方の氷結を融
解して除去し、これを繰り返すことにより連続的
に送風大気の乾燥を行なうことができるようにし
たものである。 FIG. 2 shows another embodiment, which includes:
There are two sets of heat exchangers 6 and 6', and when ice forms on one heat exchanger 6, valves 7 and 7' are automatically switched to the other heat exchanger 6', and during this time the ice on one is melted. By repeating this process, the blown atmosphere can be continuously dried.

図中１３，１３′は逆止弁を示す。 In the figure, 13 and 13' indicate check valves.

第３図は送風通路１２内に組み込んだ熱交換器
６を大気に対して対向流となるように構成して、
この熱交換器６の出口６ｂを大気の上流側に、入
口６ａを下流側に配置し、下流側においては氷結
が発生しても上流側においては氷結が発生しない
ように工夫したものである。このようにすると第
２図に示すような二組の熱交換器６，６′は不要
となる。 FIG. 3 shows a heat exchanger 6 installed in the ventilation passage 12 configured to have a counterflow to the atmosphere.
The outlet 6b of the heat exchanger 6 is arranged on the upstream side of the atmosphere, and the inlet 6a is arranged on the downstream side, so that even if freezing occurs on the downstream side, freezing does not occur on the upstream side. In this way, two sets of heat exchangers 6, 6' as shown in FIG. 2 become unnecessary.

［本発明の効果］ 以上の通り本発明は、気化用熱源として供給す
る大気の温度を０℃以下に冷却して大気中の水分
を除去し、これを空温チユーブの外表面に強制的
に対流させるようにしたので、大気中の水分が空
温チユーブ外表面に氷結付着しない。この結果、
次の如き効果を期待できる。[Effects of the present invention] As described above, the present invention cools the temperature of the air supplied as a heat source for vaporization to 0°C or lower, removes moisture from the air, and forcibly transfers it to the outer surface of the air temperature tube. Since convection is used, moisture in the atmosphere does not freeze on the outer surface of the air heating tube. As a result,
You can expect the following effects.

ａ 強制対流による空温チユーブ外表面の風速の
増加に伴なう大気側の熱伝達率の増加が総括伝
熱係数を増加させて伝熱性能の大幅な上昇が可
能となり、装置のコンパクト化が図れる。a The increase in the heat transfer coefficient on the atmospheric side due to the increase in wind speed on the outer surface of the air-heated tube due to forced convection increases the overall heat transfer coefficient, making it possible to significantly improve heat transfer performance and making the equipment more compact. I can figure it out.

ｂ 空温チユーブの外表面の氷結物が無くなり、
氷結物の除去作業、及び氷結物のために必要能
力の２倍程度の設備を設置しなければならない
などの経済的な負担が解決できる。b Freezing on the outer surface of the air-heated tube is gone,
The economic burden of removing frozen matter and having to install equipment with twice the required capacity for removing frozen matter can be solved.

ｃ 連続運転が可能になる。c Continuous operation becomes possible.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明を実施した低温液体気化装置の
説明図、第２図は熱交換器を二組組み込んだ実施
例図、第３図は熱交換器内のLNGの流れと送風
大気が対向流となるように構成した実施例図であ
る。 １……低温液体供給ライン、２……送出ライ
ン、３……空温チユーブ、４……スーパーヒー
タ、５……ブロア、６，６′……熱交換器、７，
７′…切替弁、８……入ライン、８ａ……戻リラ
イン、９……抵抗、１０……バツフル板、１１…
…ドレーンバルブ、１２……送風通路、１３，１
３′……逆止弁。 Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of a low-temperature liquid vaporization device implementing the present invention, Figure 2 is an example diagram incorporating two sets of heat exchangers, and Figure 3 is an illustration of the LNG flow in the heat exchanger and the blown atmosphere facing each other. FIG. 1... Low temperature liquid supply line, 2... Delivery line, 3... Air temperature tube, 4... Super heater, 5... Blower, 6, 6'... Heat exchanger, 7,
7'...Switching valve, 8...Input line, 8a...Return reline, 9...Resistor, 10...Bathful plate, 11...
...Drain valve, 12...Blower passage, 13,1
3'...Check valve.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １チユーブ内に気化用の低温液体を通し、このチ
ユーブ外に前記低温液体気化用に大気を通風させ
るように構成して成る空温チユーブ式気化器と、 前記空温チユーブ式気化器にブロアにより大気
を供給する通風路内に組み込まれた熱交換器と、 前記熱交換器内に気化用の低温液体の一部を循
環させることにより通風路内の大気を冷却するた
めに、熱交換器と低温液体供給ライン間に接続さ
れた低温液体循環ラインと、 から成る低温液体気化装置。[Scope of Claims] An air-heated tube type vaporizer configured to pass a low-temperature liquid for vaporization into one tube and ventilate the atmosphere outside the tube for vaporizing the low-temperature liquid; and the air-heated tube. A heat exchanger built into a ventilation passage that supplies atmospheric air to the type vaporizer using a blower; a cryogenic liquid vaporization apparatus comprising: a cryogenic liquid circulation line connected between the heat exchanger and the cryogenic liquid supply line;
JP3755787A 1987-02-19 1987-02-19 Gasifying device for low temperature liquid Granted JPS63203995A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3755787A JPS63203995A (en) 1987-02-19 1987-02-19 Gasifying device for low temperature liquid

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3755787A JPS63203995A (en) 1987-02-19 1987-02-19 Gasifying device for low temperature liquid

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63203995A JPS63203995A (en) 1988-08-23
JPH0419423B2 true JPH0419423B2 (en) 1992-03-30

Family

ID=12500817

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3755787A Granted JPS63203995A (en) 1987-02-19 1987-02-19 Gasifying device for low temperature liquid

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63203995A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060075762A1 (en) * 2004-09-16 2006-04-13 Wijngaarden Wim V LNG regas
US20070044485A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 George Mahl Liquid Natural Gas Vaporization Using Warm and Low Temperature Ambient Air
US8069677B2 (en) 2006-03-15 2011-12-06 Woodside Energy Ltd. Regasification of LNG using ambient air and supplemental heat
US20070214805A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-20 Macmillan Adrian Armstrong Onboard Regasification of LNG Using Ambient Air
AU2012216352B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2015-02-12 Woodside Energy Technologies Pty Ltd Modular LNG production facility

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63203995A (en) 1988-08-23

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