JPH04145448A - Nonmagnetic one-component developing method - Google Patents
Nonmagnetic one-component developing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04145448A JPH04145448A JP2268337A JP26833790A JPH04145448A JP H04145448 A JPH04145448 A JP H04145448A JP 2268337 A JP2268337 A JP 2268337A JP 26833790 A JP26833790 A JP 26833790A JP H04145448 A JPH04145448 A JP H04145448A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- developer
- hydrophobic silica
- magnetic
- silica
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodospiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(C(=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009091 Cordyline terminalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000289527 Cordyline terminalis Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005670 poly(ethylene-vinyl chloride) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930187593 rose bengal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940081623 rose bengal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は非磁性トナーを用いて静電潜像を現像する接触
型の非磁性一成分現像方法に関する。The present invention relates to a contact type nonmagnetic one-component developing method for developing an electrostatic latent image using a nonmagnetic toner.
従来から行われている静電潜像とトナーを用いて現像す
る方法には、大別すると、トナー及びキャリアを主体と
する２成分現像剤を用いる２成分現像方法と、トナーの
みからなる１成分災像剤を用いる１成分現像方法があり
、各々の現像方法に関しては各種の提案がなされている
。
非磁性トナーとキャリアを用いる２成分現像方法は、１
成分現像方法と比較して、次のようなデメリットがある
。
■トナーとキャリアとの混合比をコントロールするため
のトナー濃度センサーが必要である。
■現像剤の寿命が短い。
■現像剤の撹拌機構など取扱いに注意が必要であり、現
像剤等の装置が大型となる。
また、ｌ成分系のデメリットとして以下の点があげられ
る。
■帯電部材が現像ロールあるいはブレードでありキャリ
アに比べると帯電の安定性に欠け、帯電能力も弱い。
■磁気ブラシを均一に形成するための現像機の精度が必
要である。
■磁性トナーの場合、転写性、定着性、環境特性、感光
体へのダメージが非磁性トナーに比べ劣る。
これらの問題点を総合的に考え、かつ、装置の小型化等
を合わせて考えると、非磁性トナーを用いる一成分現像
方法が極めて有効であるとされ、近年、非磁性一成分現
像方法を用いた現像方式が注目され、いくつかは実用化
されている。
非磁性トナーを用いる一成分現像方法には、現像剤を担
持した現像ロールを静電潜像を有する感光体と接触させ
て現像する接触型の非磁性一成分現像方法と、現像ロー
ルと感光体の間に一定のギャップを設けて現像ロール上
のトナーを飛翔させて現像する非接触型の非磁性一成分
現像方法とがある。
非接触型の非磁性一成分現像方法では、現像剤は帯電部
材のみにより摩擦帯電されるため、現像剤にかかる機械
的負担か接触型の現像方法に較べて軽微であるが、設置
環境に−より現像剤の飛翔性か異なるため、環境の影響
を受は易いという欠点を有していた。これに対して、接
触型の非磁性一成分現像方法では、現像ロール上のトナ
ーと静電潜像を有する感光体とか接触するため、現像性
が極めて良好である。Conventional methods of developing using electrostatic latent images and toner can be roughly divided into two-component developing methods that use a two-component developer mainly consisting of toner and carrier, and one-component developing methods that use only toner. There is a one-component developing method using a developing agent, and various proposals have been made regarding each developing method. The two-component development method using non-magnetic toner and carrier is 1.
Compared to the component development method, it has the following disadvantages. ■A toner concentration sensor is required to control the mixing ratio of toner and carrier. ■The life of the developer is short. ■Care must be taken when handling the developer stirring mechanism, and the developer equipment is large. In addition, the following points can be cited as disadvantages of the l-component system. ■The charging member is a developing roll or blade, which lacks charging stability and weak charging ability compared to carriers. ■The precision of the developing machine is necessary to uniformly form the magnetic brush. ■Magnetic toner is inferior to non-magnetic toner in terms of transferability, fixability, environmental characteristics, and damage to photoreceptors. Considering these problems comprehensively and considering the miniaturization of the device, a single-component developing method using non-magnetic toner is considered to be extremely effective, and in recent years non-magnetic single-component developing methods have been These developing methods have attracted attention, and some have been put into practical use. One-component developing methods using non-magnetic toner include a contact-type non-magnetic one-component developing method in which a developing roll carrying a developer is brought into contact with a photoreceptor having an electrostatic latent image, and a contact type non-magnetic one-component developing method in which a developing roll carrying a developer is brought into contact with a photoreceptor having an electrostatic latent image. There is a non-contact type non-magnetic one-component developing method in which a certain gap is provided between the developer rolls and the toner on the developer roll is ejected for development. In the non-contact type non-magnetic one-component development method, the developer is triboelectrically charged only by the charging member, so the mechanical load placed on the developer is less compared to the contact type development method, but it does not affect the installation environment. Since the flying properties of the developer are different, they have the disadvantage that they are easily influenced by the environment. On the other hand, in the contact type non-magnetic one-component developing method, the toner on the developing roll comes into contact with the photoreceptor having the electrostatic latent image, so the developing performance is extremely good.
しかしなから、接触型の非磁性一成分現像方法ては、反
面、トナーが現像ロール上に薄層として形成されるまで
の帯電部材による摩擦帯電のみでなく、感光体との周速
の違いによる摩擦力をも受け、非接触法に較べて機械的
負担がきわめて大きい。そこで、接触法による非磁性一
成分現像方法では、摩擦帯電部材及び感光体との接触に
より融着しないこと、現像ロール、感光体等を傷っけな
いことが極めて重要な項目となる。
摩擦力により融着しない現像剤とするためには、現像剤
の結着剤樹脂を融着しにくくする目的で、ガラス転移温
度の高いものを用いることが有効であるが、定着性との
関係からガラス転移温度の高い樹脂を用いて解決をはか
ることは実用的ではない。
また、現像ロール、感光体の傷の発生を防止するために
は、トナーの後処理剤であるシリカの量を減少させるこ
とが効果的であるが、トナーの流動性が低下したり、融
着がより起こり易くなるなどの弊害が出てくる。
本発明は、従来における上記のような実情に鑑みてなさ
れたものである。したがって、本発明の目的は、非磁性
一成分現像方法において、環境の影響を受けにくい接触
現像方法を用いながら、現像ロールおよび感光体へのト
ナーの融着、傷の発生等の極めて少ない現像方法を提供
することにある。However, in the contact-type non-magnetic one-component developing method, on the other hand, not only is the toner charged by friction by the charging member until it is formed as a thin layer on the developing roll, but also due to the difference in circumferential speed between the toner and the photoreceptor. It is also subject to frictional force, and the mechanical burden is extremely large compared to the non-contact method. Therefore, in the non-magnetic one-component developing method using the contact method, it is extremely important that the triboelectric charging member and the photoreceptor not be fused together due to contact, and that the developing roll, the photoreceptor, etc. be not damaged. In order to create a developer that does not fuse due to frictional force, it is effective to use a developer with a high glass transition temperature in order to make it difficult for the binder resin in the developer to fuse, but the relationship with fixing properties Therefore, it is not practical to use a resin with a high glass transition temperature to solve the problem. In addition, in order to prevent scratches on the developing roll and photoreceptor, it is effective to reduce the amount of silica, which is a toner post-processing agent, but this may reduce the fluidity of the toner or cause fusion. This can lead to negative effects such as the possibility of this happening more easily. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a non-magnetic one-component developing method that uses a contact developing method that is less affected by the environment, while minimizing the occurrence of toner fusion and scratches on the developing roll and photoreceptor. Our goal is to provide the following.
本発明者等は、接触型の非磁性一成分現像方法における
欠点を解消して、良好な現像特性を得ながら、現像ロー
ル、感光体へのトナー融着を極めて少なくすることにつ
いで、鋭意検討した結果、トナーの後処理剤として添加
されるシリカを、通常の添加量よりも多い添加量で添加
し、その一部をトナー表面に強固に固着させることによ
って、上記の目的である現像ロール及び感光体への融着
の少ない非磁性一成分現像方法が提供できることを見出
だし、本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は、現像剤を担持する弾性を有する担
持体に現像剤を供給し、規制部材により現像剤を担持体
上に薄層を形成するように塗布するとともに電荷を与え
、静電潜像を保持する保持体に接触させて静電潜像を現
像し、ついで用紙に転写を行う接触型の非磁性一成分現
像方法において、現像剤として、結着剤樹脂と着色剤を
主体としたトナーに疎水性シリカの一部を固着させ、部
を遊離した状態で保持した非磁性一成分現像剤を用いる
ことを特徴とする。
以下、本発明についで詳細に説明する。
第１図は、本発明の接触型の非磁性一成分現像方法に使
用する現像装置の概略構成図である。図中、１は円筒状
の静電潜像保持体である感光体ドラム、２はホッパー
３は現像剤、４は層規制部材、５は表面にスリーブ状の
層が形成された現像ロール、６はトナー供給ロール、７
は攪拌機である。この現像装置において、感光体ドラム
１の上には、公知の電子写真法によって静電潜像が形成
される。ホッパー２内には現像剤３が収容されており、
現像剤は、層規制部材４によって現像ロール５に設けら
れたスリーブ状の層上に一定の層厚になるように担持さ
れ、搬送される。スリーブ状の層は、合成樹脂などの弾
性を有する材料で形成され、感光体ドラムと接触して設
けられている。
また合成樹脂に導電性材料を含有させ、スリーブ状の層
に直流または交流電圧を印加するようにしてもよい。現
像ロール５により担持された現像剤は、現像ロールの回
転により搬送されて、静電潜像を有する感光体ドラム１
と接触し、静電潜像の顕像化が行われる。
本発明における上記の方法において使用するー成分現像
剤を構成するトナーは、結着剤樹脂と着色剤とを主成分
とするものであって、公知のものが使用される。
結着剤樹脂としては、従来電子写真用粉末トナーに使用
されているものの外、極性制御性等の点で使用できなか
ったものが全て使用できる。例えば、ポリスチレン、ポ
リエステル、エチレン−塩化ビニル共重合体、エチレン
−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリアミド、ポリエチレン、マ
レイン酸樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、キシレ
ン樹脂、クマロン樹脂、ケトン樹脂、石油樹脂、フェノ
ール樹脂等があげられる。
また、着色剤としては、公知のものならば如何なるもの
でも使用することができる。例えば、カーボンブラック
、アセチレンブラック、ランプブラック、チャンネルブ
ラック、ファーナルブルーパーマネントブルー、ニグロ
シンブルー フタロシアニンブルー ローズベンガル、
Ｃ，１，ピグメントレッド１２２、Ｃ，１，ピグメント
イエロー１２等があげられる。
これら着色剤は、結着剤樹脂中に１〜１０重量部の範囲
で適宜配合される。
上記トナーには、所望により他の成分、例えば公知の帯
電制御剤が含有されていてもよい。
トナーは、約３０μよりも小さな粒径を有するものが好
ましく使用される。
本発明において、上記トナーには、疎水性シリカが配合
されるが、その際、トナー粒子に疎水性シリカの一部を
固着させ、一部を遊離した状態で保持させる。
トナーに疎水性シリカの一部を固着させ、一部を遊離し
た状態で保持させる為には、疎水性シリカを通常の使用
量よりも多量、好ましくはトナーの重量当り０．６％以
上添加することによって行われる。その場合、トナーに
固着させる疎水性シリカと遊離状態に保持させる疎水性
シリカの割合は、４０・６０〜９０ ： １０の範囲に
するのが好ましい。
トナーに疎水性シリカの一部を固着させ、一部を固着さ
せるためには、通常の粉体用混合機であるヘンシェルミ
キサー スーパーミキサー等の混合機のほかハイブリダ
イザ−、オングミル等のいわゆる表面改質機も用いて行
うことができる。ヘンシェルミキサー スーパーミキサ
ー等の粉体混合機を用いる場合には、比較的長時間の処
理時間が必要とされるが、いわゆる表面改質機を用いる
場合には、比較的短時間の処理で同様の効果が得られ効
率的ある。例えば、まず、トナーに疎水性シリカの所定
量を配合し、トナー粒子表面に疎水性シリカが固着する
まで上記の混合機で混合処理をした後、さらに疎水性シ
リカの残りの量を上記トナーに添加し、温和な混合条件
で短時間混合する。
本発明において使用する疎水性シリカとしては、通常の
親水性シリカ分子の末端シラノール基を有機ケイ素ハロ
ゲン化物やアルコール類と置換することにより容易に得
ることができる。この様な疎水性シリカ微粉末は、市販
品としても容易に入手することができる（例えば、日本
アエロジル社製、アエロジルＲ−９７２等）。The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies to overcome the drawbacks of the contact type non-magnetic one-component developing method and extremely reduce toner fusion to the developing roll and photoreceptor while obtaining good development characteristics. As a result, by adding silica, which is added as a toner post-processing agent, in an amount larger than the usual amount and making a part of it firmly adhere to the toner surface, it is possible to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of developing rolls and It was discovered that a non-magnetic one-component developing method that causes less fusion to the photoreceptor could be provided, and the present invention was completed. That is, in the present invention, a developer is supplied to a carrier having elasticity that supports the developer, and a regulating member applies the developer to form a thin layer on the carrier, and at the same time applies an electric charge to the electrostatic latent. In a contact type non-magnetic one-component development method in which an electrostatic latent image is developed by contacting with a holder that holds the image and then transferred to paper, the developer is mainly composed of a binder resin and a colorant. It is characterized by using a non-magnetic one-component developer in which a portion of hydrophobic silica is fixed to the toner and a portion is kept free. The present invention will be explained in detail below. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a developing device used in the contact type non-magnetic one-component developing method of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a photosensitive drum which is a cylindrical electrostatic latent image holder, and 2 is a hopper.
3 is a developer, 4 is a layer regulating member, 5 is a developing roll with a sleeve-like layer formed on its surface, 6 is a toner supply roll, 7
is a stirrer. In this developing device, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 1 by a known electrophotographic method. A developer 3 is stored in the hopper 2,
The developer is supported on a sleeve-shaped layer provided on the developing roll 5 by the layer regulating member 4 so as to have a constant layer thickness, and is conveyed. The sleeve-shaped layer is made of an elastic material such as synthetic resin, and is provided in contact with the photoreceptor drum. Alternatively, the synthetic resin may contain a conductive material, and a DC or AC voltage may be applied to the sleeve-like layer. The developer carried by the developing roll 5 is conveyed by the rotation of the developing roll, and is transferred to the photosensitive drum 1 having an electrostatic latent image.
The electrostatic latent image is visualized. The toner constituting the -component developer used in the above method of the present invention has a binder resin and a colorant as main components, and any known toner is used. As the binder resin, in addition to those conventionally used in electrophotographic powder toners, any binder resin that could not be used due to polarity controllability etc. can be used. For example, polystyrene, polyester, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyamide, polyethylene, maleic acid resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, xylene resin, coumaron resin, ketone resin, petroleum resin, phenol. Examples include resin. Further, as the colorant, any known colorant can be used. For example, carbon black, acetylene black, lamp black, channel black, permanent blue permanent blue, nigrosine blue, phthalocyanine blue, rose bengal,
Examples include C,1, Pigment Red 122, C,1, Pigment Yellow 12, and the like. These colorants are appropriately blended into the binder resin in a range of 1 to 10 parts by weight. The above-mentioned toner may contain other components, for example, a known charge control agent, if desired. Toners having a particle size of less than about 30 microns are preferably used. In the present invention, hydrophobic silica is blended into the toner, and at that time, a portion of the hydrophobic silica is fixed to the toner particles and a portion is retained in a free state. In order to fix a part of the hydrophobic silica to the toner and keep a part free, the hydrophobic silica is added in a larger amount than usual, preferably 0.6% or more based on the weight of the toner. It is done by In that case, the ratio of hydrophobic silica to be fixed to the toner and hydrophobic silica to be kept in a free state is preferably in the range of 40.60 to 90:10. In order to fix some of the hydrophobic silica to the toner, it is necessary to use conventional powder mixers such as the Henschel Mixer and Super Mixer, as well as so-called surface modification machines such as hybridizers and Ong Mills. This can also be done using a machine. When using a powder mixer such as a Henschel mixer or super mixer, a relatively long processing time is required, but when using a so-called surface modification machine, a similar process can be achieved in a relatively short time. It is effective and efficient. For example, first, a predetermined amount of hydrophobic silica is blended into the toner, mixed with the above mixer until the hydrophobic silica adheres to the toner particle surface, and then the remaining amount of hydrophobic silica is added to the toner. Add and mix briefly under gentle mixing conditions. The hydrophobic silica used in the present invention can be easily obtained by replacing the terminal silanol group of a typical hydrophilic silica molecule with an organosilicon halide or alcohol. Such hydrophobic silica fine powder is easily available as a commercial product (for example, Aerosil R-972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.).
現像剤が、ロール、感光体にの融着するのを減少させる
ためには、トナーの後処理において添加するシリカの量
を多くし、トナー表面を融着し難いシリカ等の非融着物
質で覆うことが有効であるが、シリカの添加量を多くす
ると、環境によるトナーの帯電性が大きく変化したり、
遊離のシリカによる感光体表面の傷等の発生が起こり易
くなり、融着を減少させたことによる弊害も同時に発生
する。
しかしながら、本発明によれば、シリカとして疎水性シ
リカを使用し、その添加量を多くすると共に、添加する
疎水性シリカの一部をトナー表面に固着させ、埋め込む
ことによってシリカの表面積を減少させ、それによって
環境特性を悪化させることを防ぎながら、有効な融着防
止手段とすることができる。また、同時に遊離している
シリカの量が減少するために、遊離したシリカが原因と
なって起こる感光体表面の傷等の発生を有効に防止する
ことが可能になる。
なお、疎水性シリカの添加量を多くすることにより、ト
ナーの帯電性がシリカの帯電性に大きく依存してしまう
ことも考えられるが、そのよう場合には、帯電性の異な
るシリカ、例えば正極性の強いシリカと負極性の強いシ
リカをシリカを混合して用いることもできる。In order to reduce the possibility of the developer fusing to the roll or photoreceptor, increase the amount of silica added in the toner post-treatment, and use a non-fusing substance such as silica that is difficult to fuse the toner surface. Although it is effective to cover the toner, increasing the amount of silica added may greatly change the charging properties of the toner depending on the environment.
Free silica tends to cause scratches on the surface of the photoreceptor, and at the same time, problems due to reduced fusion also occur. However, according to the present invention, hydrophobic silica is used as the silica, the amount of added hydrophobic silica is increased, and a part of the added hydrophobic silica is fixed to and embedded in the toner surface, thereby reducing the surface area of the silica. This can serve as an effective means for preventing fusion while preventing deterioration of environmental characteristics. Furthermore, since the amount of free silica is reduced, it is possible to effectively prevent scratches on the surface of the photoreceptor caused by free silica. In addition, by increasing the amount of hydrophobic silica added, it is possible that the chargeability of the toner becomes largely dependent on the chargeability of the silica. It is also possible to use a mixture of silica with strong polarity and silica with strong negative polarity.
以下、実施例にしたがって本発明を説明するがこれに限
定されるものではない。
実施例１
非磁性トナーとして下記の配合（部数は重量部）で原料
混合、熔融混練、粉砕分級を行い、平均粒子径１２μの
トナーを得た。このトナーにヘキスト社製の疎水性シリ
カＨ２ＱＯＧを０４％添加し、ヘンシェルミキサーで冷
却水を通水しながら３０分撹拌し、トナー表面にシリカ
を固着した。さらに、同しシリカを０２％添加し２分間
撹拌することにより、目的とするトナーを得た。
スチレンアクリル共重合体
（ＴＴＲ−５６３、原素化成製）９７部ポリプロピレン
ワックス
（ビスコール５５ｔｌＰ、三洋化成製） ２部帯
電制御剤（ボントロンＳ３４、
（オリエント化学型） １部得られ
た現像剤を用いて、市販の非磁性−成分プリンター（リ
コー社製、ＬＰＩ０６０−ＳＦ３）を用いて、プリント
テストを行ったところ、ｌＯＨ［１枚をプリントしても
、現像ロール及び感光体へのトナー融着、感光体表面の
傷の発生等が全くなく、良好な結果が得られた。トナー
粒子表面を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、トナー粒子表
面は滑らかになっており、多くのシリカがトナー粒子表
面に埋め込まれている状態が観察された。
比較例１
実施例１と同時にしてトナーを溶融混練、粉砕分級して
得た。得られたトナーに実施例１と同じ疎水性シリカを
０．６Ｘ添加し、ヘンシェルミキサーにて２分間撹拌し
、トナーを得た。
実施例１と同様にして市販のプリンター（リコー社製Ｌ
Ｐ１０６Ｇ−ＳＰ３）を用いて、プリントテストを行っ
た。その結果、１０００枚程で現像ロールへのトナー融
着か観察された。さらに引続きプリントテストを継続し
たところ、５０００枚付近から感光体の傷が原因となっ
て発生する黒ベタ部の欠陥が観察された。
実施例２
非磁性トナーとして下記の配合（部数は重量部）で原料
混合、溶融混練、粉砕分級を行い、平均粒子径１０μの
トナーを得た。このトナーに奈良機械製表面改質装置ハ
イブリダイザ−において、ヘキスト社製の疎水性シリカ
１（２０００／４を０．８％添加し、）０分間処理して
、トナー表面にシリカを固着した。
さらに、同しシリカを０２％添加し２分間撹拌すること
により、目的とするトナーを得た。
スチレンアクリル共重合体
（Ｐ−５９９、種水化学製）９６部
ポリプロピレンワックス
（ビスコール５ｓｏｐ、三洋化成製） ３部帯
電制御剤（ボントロンＥ８１、
オリエント化学型） １部得られ
た現像剤を用いて、市販の非磁性−成分プリンター（リ
コー社製、ＬＰ＋０６０−５Ｐ３）を用いて、プリント
テストを行ったところ、１５０００枚をプリントしても
現像ロール及び感光体へのトナー融着、感光体の傷の発
生等が全くなく、良好な結果が得られた。トナー粒子表
面を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、トナー粒子表面は滑
らかになっており、多くのシリカがトナー粒子表面に埋
め込まれている状態が観察され、また一部のシリカは表
面に浮いたような状態で存在していることが観察された
。The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples, but is not limited thereto. Example 1 As a non-magnetic toner, raw materials were mixed, melt-kneaded, and pulverized and classified using the following formulation (parts by weight) to obtain a toner with an average particle size of 12 μm. 0.4% hydrophobic silica H2QOG manufactured by Hoechst was added to this toner, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes using a Henschel mixer while cooling water was passed through the toner to fix silica on the surface of the toner. Furthermore, the desired toner was obtained by adding 0.2% of the same silica and stirring for 2 minutes. Styrene acrylic copolymer (TTR-563, made by Genkasei Co., Ltd.) 97 parts Polypropylene wax (Viscol 55tlP, made by Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd.) 2 parts Charge control agent (Bontron S34, (Orient Chemical Type) 1 part Using the obtained developer When we conducted a print test using a commercially available non-magnetic component printer (manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd., LPI060-SF3), we found that lOH [even when printing one sheet, toner fusion to the developing roll and photoreceptor, Good results were obtained with no scratches on the surface of the photoreceptor. When the surface of the toner particles was observed using an electron microscope, it was found that the surface of the toner particles was smooth and that a lot of silica was embedded in the surface of the toner particles. Comparative Example 1 A toner was obtained by melt-kneading, pulverizing and classifying at the same time as in Example 1. 0.6X of the same hydrophobic silica as in Example 1 was added to the obtained toner. The mixture was stirred for 2 minutes using a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner.A commercially available printer (L manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd.) was used in the same manner as in Example 1.
P106G-SP3) was used to conduct a print test. As a result, it was observed that toner fused to the developing roll after about 1000 sheets. When the print test was continued, defects in black solid areas caused by scratches on the photoreceptor were observed from around 5,000 sheets. Example 2 As a non-magnetic toner, raw materials were mixed, melt-kneaded, and pulverized and classified using the following formulation (parts by weight) to obtain a toner with an average particle size of 10 μm. This toner was treated with Hoechst's hydrophobic silica 1 (0.8% of 2000/4 was added) for 0 minutes in a hybridizer, a surface modification device manufactured by Nara Kikai Co., Ltd., to fix the silica on the toner surface. Furthermore, the desired toner was obtained by adding 0.2% of the same silica and stirring for 2 minutes. Styrene acrylic copolymer (P-599, manufactured by Tanemizu Kagaku) 96 parts Polypropylene wax (Viscol 5sop, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical) 3 parts Charge control agent (Bontron E81, Orient chemical type) 1 part Using the obtained developer When we conducted a print test using a commercially available non-magnetic component printer (manufactured by Ricoh, LP+060-5P3), we found that even after printing 15,000 sheets, toner fusion to the developing roll and photoreceptor, and scratches on the photoreceptor. Good results were obtained with no occurrence of any problems. When the toner particle surface was observed using an electron microscope, it was observed that the toner particle surface was smooth, with a lot of silica embedded in the toner particle surface, and some silica floating on the surface. observed to exist in the state.
本発明は、上記のように、疎水性シリカの一部をトナー
表面に固着させ、一部を遊離の状態で存在させるから、
現像ロールや感光体表面でトナーが融着することがなく
、また、環境によるトナーの帯電性が大きく変化したり
、遊離のシリカによる感光体表面の傷の発生を有効に防
止することができる。したがって、本発明によれば、環
境変化に対して安定して良好な画質を有するプリントを
得ることができる。In the present invention, as described above, a part of the hydrophobic silica is fixed to the toner surface and a part is left in a free state.
The toner does not fuse on the developing roll or the surface of the photoreceptor, and it is also possible to effectively prevent the chargeability of the toner from changing significantly due to the environment and the occurrence of scratches on the surface of the photoreceptor due to free silica. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain prints that have good image quality and are stable against environmental changes.
第１図は、本発明を実施するための一成分現像装置の概
略断面図である。
１・・・感光体ドラム、２・・・ホッパー ３・・・現
像剤、４・・・層規制部材、５・・・現像ロール、６・
・・トナー供給ロール、７・・・攪拌機。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a one-component developing device for carrying out the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Photosensitive drum, 2... Hopper 3... Developer, 4... Layer regulating member, 5... Developing roll, 6...
... Toner supply roll, 7... Stirrer.
Claims (2)
供給し、規制部材により現像剤を担持体上に薄層を形成
するように塗布するとともに電荷を与え、静電潜像を保
持する保持体に接触させて静電潜像を現像し、ついで用
紙に転写を行う接触型の非磁性一成分現像方法において
、現像剤として、結着剤樹脂と着色剤を主体としたトナ
ーに疎水性シリカの一部を固着させ、一部を遊離した状
態で保持した非磁性一成分現像剤を用いることを特徴と
する非磁性一成分現像方法。(1) The developer is supplied to an elastic carrier that carries the developer, and a regulating member applies the developer to form a thin layer on the carrier, and at the same time applies an electric charge to hold the electrostatic latent image. In a contact-type non-magnetic one-component development method in which an electrostatic latent image is developed by contacting it with a holder and then transferred to paper, the developer is a hydrophobic toner mainly composed of a binder resin and a colorant. A non-magnetic one-component developing method characterized by using a non-magnetic one-component developer in which a part of magnetic silica is fixed and a part is kept in a free state.
上添加した現像剤を用いることを特徴とする非磁性一成
分現像方法。(2) A non-magnetic one-component developing method characterized by using a developer to which 0.6% or more of hydrophobic silica is added per unit weight of toner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2268337A JP2632237B2 (en) | 1990-10-08 | 1990-10-08 | Non-magnetic one-component development method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2268337A JP2632237B2 (en) | 1990-10-08 | 1990-10-08 | Non-magnetic one-component development method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04145448A true JPH04145448A (en) | 1992-05-19 |
| JP2632237B2 JP2632237B2 (en) | 1997-07-23 |
Family
ID=17457144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2268337A Expired - Fee Related JP2632237B2 (en) | 1990-10-08 | 1990-10-08 | Non-magnetic one-component development method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2632237B2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5439769A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1995-08-08 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Developing method and system |
| US5766813A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1998-06-16 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Developing method and system for transferring toner from a toner carrier member to a latent image carrier |
| WO2013100187A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013100182A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013100185A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013115411A1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013115409A1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60115945A (en) * | 1983-11-28 | 1985-06-22 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Nonmagnetic one-component type developer |
| JPS61173276A (en) * | 1985-01-28 | 1986-08-04 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Developing device |
| JPS61183664A (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing toner |
| JPS6350862A (en) * | 1986-08-21 | 1988-03-03 | Canon Inc | Developer |
| JPH01254969A (en) * | 1988-04-04 | 1989-10-11 | Fujitsu Ltd | Electrophotographic toner |
| JPH021881A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-01-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Developing method for electrostatic latent image |
-
1990
- 1990-10-08 JP JP2268337A patent/JP2632237B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60115945A (en) * | 1983-11-28 | 1985-06-22 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Nonmagnetic one-component type developer |
| JPS61173276A (en) * | 1985-01-28 | 1986-08-04 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Developing device |
| JPS61183664A (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing toner |
| JPS6350862A (en) * | 1986-08-21 | 1988-03-03 | Canon Inc | Developer |
| JPH01254969A (en) * | 1988-04-04 | 1989-10-11 | Fujitsu Ltd | Electrophotographic toner |
| JPH021881A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-01-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Developing method for electrostatic latent image |
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5439769A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1995-08-08 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Developing method and system |
| US5659858A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1997-08-19 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Developing method and system |
| US5766813A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1998-06-16 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Developing method and system for transferring toner from a toner carrier member to a latent image carrier |
| US9217943B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2015-12-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| CN104024952A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2014-09-03 | 佳能株式会社 | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013100185A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| JP2013134447A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Canon Inc | Magnetic toner |
| JP2013134433A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Canon Inc | Magnetic toner |
| JP2013134441A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Canon Inc | Magnetic toner |
| US9658548B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2017-05-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| US9625841B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2017-04-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner having silica fine particles |
| US9423710B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2016-08-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013100182A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| US9417542B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2016-08-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013100187A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| US9097997B2 (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2015-08-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| CN104094173A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2014-10-08 | 佳能株式会社 | Magnetic toner |
| JP2013156617A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-15 | Canon Inc | Magnetic toner |
| US9423711B2 (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2016-08-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013115409A1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| US9625842B2 (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2017-04-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
| WO2013115411A1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic toner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2632237B2 (en) | 1997-07-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3964617B2 (en) | Negatively chargeable non-magnetic one-component toner and developing method thereof | |
| JP2005025171A (en) | Toner, as well as developer, container containing toner, processing cartridge, image forming apparatus and image processing method | |
| JPH08152734A (en) | Developer and developing method | |
| JP2632237B2 (en) | Non-magnetic one-component development method | |
| JPH11174730A (en) | Electrophotographic toner and its production | |
| JP2005078095A (en) | Electrophotographic developer | |
| JPH08160659A (en) | Image forming method | |
| JP3150645B2 (en) | Electrostatic toner | |
| JP2002287411A (en) | Toner for recycle system | |
| JPH1020560A (en) | Electrophotographic toner, its production and image forming method using the toner | |
| JP4107431B2 (en) | Toner, developer, toner container, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and image forming method | |
| JP2607398B2 (en) | Non-magnetic one-component development method | |
| JP3375881B2 (en) | Electrophotographic toner | |
| JP3079407B2 (en) | Image forming method | |
| JP3066160B2 (en) | Positively chargeable toner | |
| JPH02167566A (en) | Image forming method | |
| JP3788815B2 (en) | Developer | |
| JP3382864B2 (en) | Non-magnetic one-component developer and developing method thereof | |
| JP4184562B2 (en) | Magnetic one-component developer and developing method thereof | |
| JPH04281463A (en) | Electrostatic charge image developing toner | |
| JPS63118757A (en) | Electrophotographic developer | |
| JPH06175392A (en) | Developing method with one component developer | |
| JPH05281789A (en) | Developing method for insulating magnetic one component toner | |
| JPH06332233A (en) | Electrophotographic toner | |
| JPH07234546A (en) | Developer for electrophotography |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080425 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090425 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |