JP7508370B2 - 半導体装置、半導体ウェハ、及び電子機器 - Google Patents
半導体装置、半導体ウェハ、及び電子機器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7508370B2 JP7508370B2 JP2020552175A JP2020552175A JP7508370B2 JP 7508370 B2 JP7508370 B2 JP 7508370B2 JP 2020552175 A JP2020552175 A JP 2020552175A JP 2020552175 A JP2020552175 A JP 2020552175A JP 7508370 B2 JP7508370 B2 JP 7508370B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- transistor
- conductor
- insulator
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 192
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 89
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 329
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 293
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 109
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 107
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 106
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 104
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 102
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 90
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 90
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 76
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 75
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 44
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 35
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 33
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 29
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 19
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- -1 nitrogen-containing metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- GPBUGPUPKAGMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynemolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]#N GPBUGPUPKAGMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 5
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 5
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101150075681 SCL1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011276 addition treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052696 pnictogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005245 right atrium Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000005241 right ventricle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001321 subclavian vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MDPILPRLPQYEEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium arsenide Chemical compound [As]#[Al] MDPILPRLPQYEEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036387 respiratory rate Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002620 vena cava superior Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000003663 ventricular fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047302 ventricular tachycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/06—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including a plurality of individual components in a non-repetitive configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/08—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind
- H01L27/085—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only
- H01L27/088—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/24—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only semiconductor materials not provided for in groups H01L29/16, H01L29/18, H01L29/20, H01L29/22
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/7869—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film having a semiconductor body comprising an oxide semiconductor material, e.g. zinc oxide, copper aluminium oxide, cadmium stannate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
- H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/45076—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
- H03F3/45475—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier using IC blocks as the active amplifying circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G11/00—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general
- H03G11/02—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general by means of diodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
- H01L27/1222—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer
- H01L27/1225—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer with semiconductor materials not belonging to the group IV of the periodic table, e.g. InGaZnO
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/78645—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with multiple gate
- H01L29/78648—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with multiple gate arranged on opposing sides of the channel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/78651—Silicon transistors
- H01L29/7866—Non-monocrystalline silicon transistors
- H01L29/78663—Amorphous silicon transistors
- H01L29/78669—Amorphous silicon transistors with inverted-type structure, e.g. with bottom gate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/78651—Silicon transistors
- H01L29/7866—Non-monocrystalline silicon transistors
- H01L29/78672—Polycrystalline or microcrystalline silicon transistor
- H01L29/78678—Polycrystalline or microcrystalline silicon transistor with inverted-type structure, e.g. with bottom gate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/78696—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film characterised by the structure of the channel, e.g. multichannel, transverse or longitudinal shape, length or width, doping structure, or the overlap or alignment between the channel and the gate, the source or the drain, or the contacting structure of the channel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
- Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Description
本発明の一態様は、トランジスタと、オペアンプと、を有し、オペアンプの反転入力端子は、トランジスタの第1端子及びゲートに電気的に接続され、オペアンプの出力端子は、トランジスタの第2端子に電気的に接続され、トランジスタは、チャネル形成領域に金属酸化物を有する半導体装置である。
又はまた、本発明の一態様は、上記(1)の構成において、トランジスタのオフ電流が1.0×10-12A以下である半導体装置である。
又はまた、本発明の一態様は、上記(1)の構成において、トランジスタは、バックゲートを有し、バックゲートにトランジスタのしきい値電圧をプラス側にシフトさせる電位を入力することにより、トランジスタのオフ電流を1.0×10-15A以下にする機能を有する半導体装置である。
又は、本発明の一態様は、第1回路と、オペアンプと、を有し、オペアンプの反転入力端子は、第1回路の第1端子に電気的に接続され、オペアンプの出力端子は、第1回路の第2端子に電気的に接続され、第1回路は、トランジスタを有し、トランジスタは、チャネル形成領域に金属酸化物を有し、第1回路は、第1端子‐第2端子間に1.0×10-12A以下の電流を流す機能を有する半導体装置である。
又は、本発明の一態様は、上記(4)の構成において、トランジスタは、バックゲートを有する、半導体装置である。
又はまた、本発明の一態様は、上記(1)乃至(5)のいずれか一の構成において、金属酸化物は、In‐M‐Zn酸化物(元素Mは、アルミニウム、ガリウム、イットリウム、銅、バナジウム、ベリリウム、ホウ素、チタン、鉄、ニッケル、ゲルマニウム、ジルコニウム、モリブデン、ランタン、セリウム、ネオジム、ハフニウム、タンタル、タングステン、又はマグネシウムから選ばれた一種、又は複数種)を有する半導体装置である。
又はまた、本発明の一態様は、上記(1)乃至(6)のいずれか一の半導体装置を複数個有し、ダイシング用の領域を有する半導体ウェハである。
又はまた、本発明の一態様は、上記(1)乃至(6)のいずれか一の半導体装置と、検出部と、筐体と、を有し、検出部は、検知対象物を検知することで電流を出力する機能を有し、電流は、半導体装置に入力される電子機器である。
図2はトランジスタの電流‐電圧特性を説明する図である。
図3A、図3B、図3C、図3D、図3E、図3Fは半導体装置の一例を示す回路図である。
図4は半導体装置の構成を説明する断面模式図である。
図5は半導体装置の構成を説明する断面模式図である。
図6A、図6B、図6Cは半導体装置の構成を説明する断面模式図である。
図7Aは容量素子の構造例を示す上面図、図7Bは容量素子の構造例を示す断面斜視図、図7Cは容量素子の構造例を示す断面斜視図である。
図8Aは容量素子の構造例を示す上面図、図8Bは容量素子の構造例を示す断面図、図8Cは容量素子の構造例を示す断面斜視図である。
図9Aは酸化物半導体の結晶構造の分類を示す表、図9Bは石英ガラスのXRDスペクトル、図9Cは結晶性IGZOのXRDスペクトルである。
図10Aは半導体ウェハの一例を示す斜視図、図10Bは分断された半導体ウェハの一例を示す斜視図、図10C、図10Dは電子部品の一例を示す斜視図である。
図11は電子機器の構成例を説明するブロック図である。
図12A、図12B、図12C、図12D、図12Eは製品の一例を説明する斜視図である。
図13A、図13Bは製品の一例を説明する斜視図である。
図14A、図14Bは回路計算の条件を説明する図である。
図15はダイオード接続されたトランジスタの電圧‐電流特性を説明する図である。
図16は回路計算の結果を説明する図である。
図17は回路計算の結果を説明する図である。
図18は回路計算の結果を説明する図である。
図19は測定回路を示す図である。
図20はオフ電流の温度依存性を示す図である。
図21はCAAC‐IGZO膜の、Hall移動度およびキャリア密度の温度依存性を示す図である。
図22は遮断周波数の温度依存性を示す図である。
図23は複数のFETのしきい値電圧のばらつきを示す分布図である。
図24A、図24Bは加速試験の結果を示す図である。
図25A、図25Bは加速試験の結果を示す図である。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の半導体装置である、微小な電流の測定が可能な回路について説明する。
本実施の形態では、先の実施の形態で説明した図1Aとは異なる、微小な電流の測定が可能な回路について説明する。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明した半導体装置の構成に適用可能なトランジスタの構成、具体的には異なる電気特性を有するトランジスタを積層して設ける構成について説明する。当該構成とすることで、半導体装置の設計自由度を高めることができる。また、異なる電気特性を有するトランジスタを積層して設けることで、半導体装置の集積度を高めることができる。
本実施の形態では、上記の実施の形態で説明したOSトランジスタに用いることができる金属酸化物であるCAC‐OS(Cloud‐Aligned Composite Oxide Semiconductor)、及びCAAC‐OS(c‐axis Aligned Crystalline Oxide Semiconductor)の構成について説明する。
CAC‐OS又はCAC‐metal oxideとは、材料の一部では導電性の機能と、材料の一部では絶縁性の機能とを有し、材料の全体では半導体としての機能を有する。なお、CAC‐OS又はCAC‐metal oxideを、トランジスタの活性層に用いる場合、導電性の機能は、キャリアとなる電子(又はホール)を流す機能であり、絶縁性の機能は、キャリアとなる電子を流さない機能である。導電性の機能と、絶縁性の機能とを、それぞれ相補的に作用させることで、スイッチングさせる機能(On/Offさせる機能)をCAC‐OS又はCAC‐metal oxideに付与することができる。CAC‐OS又はCAC‐metal oxideにおいて、それぞれの機能を分離させることで、双方の機能を最大限に高めることができる。
酸化物半導体は、単結晶酸化物半導体と、それ以外の非単結晶酸化物半導体と、に分けられる。非単結晶酸化物半導体としては、例えば、CAAC‐OS(c‐axis aligned crystalline oxide semiconductor)、多結晶酸化物半導体、nc‐OS(nanocrystalline oxide semiconductor)、擬似非晶質酸化物半導体(a‐like OS:amorphous‐like oxide semiconductor)及び非晶質酸化物半導体などがある。
続いて、上記酸化物半導体をトランジスタに用いる場合について説明する。
ここで、酸化物半導体中における各不純物の影響について説明する。
本実施の形態は、上記実施の形態に示す半導体装置などが形成された半導体ウェハ、及び当該半導体装置が組み込まれた電子部品の一例を示す。
初めに、半導体装置などが形成された半導体ウェハの例を、図10Aを用いて説明する。
次に、チップ4800aが組み込まれた電子部品の例を、図10C、図10Dを用いて説明を行う。
本実施の形態では、上記の実施の形態で述べた半導体装置を適用した電子機器について説明する。
上記で説明した電子機器100は、ビデオカメラに適用することができる。
上記で説明した電子機器100は、カメラに適用することができる。
上記で説明した電子機器100は、ロボットに適用することができる。
上記で説明した電子機器100は、報知器に適用することができる。図12Eには、報知器6900が図示されており、報知器6900は、感知機6901と、受信機6902と、発信機6903とを有する。
上記で説明した電子機器100は、植え込み型除細動器(ICD)に適用することができる。
図1Aに示す回路20の構成において、微小な電流の計測が適切に行われているかを確認するため、回路シミュレータを用いて計算を行った。
本発明の一態様の半導体装置に備えることができる電界効果型のOSトランジスタ(以後、CAAC‐IGZO FETと呼称する。)は、温度依存性が低く、高温環境下でも安定して動作することができる。本実施例では、CAAC‐IGZO FETの高温特性に関する実験とその結果について説明する。
本発明の一態様の半導体装置に備えることができる電界効果型のOSトランジスタである、CAAC‐IGZO FETは、しきい値電圧のばらつきが小さく、劣化によるしきい値電圧の変化も小さい。そのため、CAAC‐IGZO FETは、高い信頼性を有する。本実施例では、CAAC‐IGZO FETのしきい値電圧のばらつきの度合いを調査した結果と、加速試験によるCAAC‐IGZO FETのしきい値電圧の変化の測定結果について説明する。
Claims (3)
- 第1のトランジスタと、第2のトランジスタと、オペアンプと、を有し、
前記オペアンプの反転入力端子は、前記第1のトランジスタの第1端子及びゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記第1のトランジスタの第2端子は、前記第2のトランジスタの第1端子及びゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記オペアンプの出力端子は、前記第2のトランジスタの第2端子に電気的に接続され、
前記オペアンプは、チャネル形成領域に金属酸化物を有するトランジスタを用いた単極性回路であり、
前記第1及び第2のトランジスタは、チャネル形成領域に金属酸化物を有し、
前記第1及び第2のトランジスタは、バックゲートを有し、
前記バックゲートに、前記第1及び第2のトランジスタのしきい値電圧をプラス側にシフトさせる電位を入力することにより、前記第1及び第2のトランジスタのオフ電流を1.0×10-15A以下にする機能を有する、半導体装置。 - 請求項1の半導体装置を複数個有し、
ダイシング用の領域を有する、半導体ウェハ。 - 請求項1の半導体装置と、検出部と、筐体と、を有し、
前記検出部は、検知対象物を検知することで電流を出力する機能を有し、
前記電流は、前記半導体装置に入力される、電子機器。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018196390 | 2018-10-18 | ||
JP2018196390 | 2018-10-18 | ||
JP2019011578 | 2019-01-25 | ||
JP2019011578 | 2019-01-25 | ||
PCT/IB2019/058754 WO2020079572A1 (ja) | 2018-10-18 | 2019-10-15 | 半導体装置、半導体ウェハ、及び電子機器 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPWO2020079572A1 JPWO2020079572A1 (ja) | 2021-12-23 |
JPWO2020079572A5 JPWO2020079572A5 (ja) | 2022-08-02 |
JP7508370B2 true JP7508370B2 (ja) | 2024-07-01 |
Family
ID=70284280
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2020552175A Active JP7508370B2 (ja) | 2018-10-18 | 2019-10-15 | 半導体装置、半導体ウェハ、及び電子機器 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US11935961B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7508370B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20210076105A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN112888952A (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI835890B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020079572A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021124388A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-24 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | 把持装置、制御方法及びプログラム |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000045437A (ja) | 1998-07-27 | 2000-02-15 | Showa Koki Co Ltd | 板材支持用方立 |
US20070273411A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2007-11-29 | University Of Florida | Amplifier with pulse coded output and remote signal reconstruction from the pulse output |
JP2013040921A (ja) | 2011-07-15 | 2013-02-28 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 光検出装置 |
JP2013255222A (ja) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-12-19 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 半導体装置及びその駆動方法 |
JP2016040888A (ja) | 2014-08-13 | 2016-03-24 | 株式会社ソシオネクスト | 半導体装置 |
US20170077883A1 (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-16 | Mediatek Inc. | Self-regulated reference for switched capacitor circuit |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4197511A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1980-04-08 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Linear load MOS transistor circuit |
JPS57107621A (en) | 1980-12-25 | 1982-07-05 | Seiko Epson Corp | Amplifying circuit |
US4705946A (en) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-11-10 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Infrared sensor comprising improved feedback limited amplifier and associated method for amplifying electronic signals |
US4876534A (en) * | 1988-02-05 | 1989-10-24 | Synaptics Incorporated | Scanning method and apparatus for current signals having large dynamic range |
JPH0580695A (ja) | 1991-09-18 | 1993-04-02 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 地図表示システム |
US5216385A (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1993-06-01 | Intel Corporation | Resistorless trim amplifier using MOS devices for feedback elements |
JP2942418B2 (ja) * | 1992-06-15 | 1999-08-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 光電変換圧縮回路および光電変換回路 |
US5442282A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1995-08-15 | Lsi Logic Corporation | Testing and exercising individual, unsingulated dies on a wafer |
US5757299A (en) | 1994-09-30 | 1998-05-26 | Yamaha Corporation | Analog-Digital converter using delta sigma modulation digital filtering, and gain-scaling |
JP2979982B2 (ja) | 1994-10-25 | 1999-11-22 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Cmos差動増幅回路及びこれを用いたδς変調器 |
JPH11311644A (ja) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Sony Corp | ピークホールド回路 |
WO2000045437A1 (fr) | 1999-01-26 | 2000-08-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Procede de reglage de polarisation inverse de circuit mos, et circuit integre mos |
US6538491B1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2003-03-25 | Oki America, Inc. | Method and circuits for compensating the effect of switch resistance on settling time of high speed switched capacitor circuits |
JP2004030478A (ja) | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-29 | Shinobu Hattori | データベース検索システム |
CN106508091B (zh) * | 2006-08-11 | 2011-06-01 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | 一种互补金属氧化物半导体可控增益前置放大方法及电路 |
JP4877998B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-02-15 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体集積回路装置 |
JP5104606B2 (ja) | 2008-07-07 | 2012-12-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 物理量検出回路 |
KR101789309B1 (ko) | 2009-10-21 | 2017-10-23 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 아날로그 회로 및 반도체 장치 |
JP5691158B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-13 | 2015-04-01 | ミツミ電機株式会社 | 出力電流検出回路および送信回路 |
JP4691208B1 (ja) | 2010-12-27 | 2011-06-01 | イイダ電子株式会社 | 微小電流測定装置及び線間非接触電圧計測装置 |
KR102582523B1 (ko) | 2015-03-19 | 2023-09-26 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 반도체 장치 및 전자 기기 |
US10014851B2 (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2018-07-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Current sensing and control for a transistor power switch |
-
2019
- 2019-10-15 US US17/284,553 patent/US11935961B2/en active Active
- 2019-10-15 KR KR1020217014718A patent/KR20210076105A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2019-10-15 JP JP2020552175A patent/JP7508370B2/ja active Active
- 2019-10-15 CN CN201980067176.XA patent/CN112888952A/zh active Pending
- 2019-10-15 WO PCT/IB2019/058754 patent/WO2020079572A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2019-10-17 TW TW108137428A patent/TWI835890B/zh active
-
2024
- 2024-01-12 US US18/411,830 patent/US20240154040A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000045437A (ja) | 1998-07-27 | 2000-02-15 | Showa Koki Co Ltd | 板材支持用方立 |
US20070273411A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2007-11-29 | University Of Florida | Amplifier with pulse coded output and remote signal reconstruction from the pulse output |
JP2013040921A (ja) | 2011-07-15 | 2013-02-28 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 光検出装置 |
JP2013255222A (ja) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-12-19 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 半導体装置及びその駆動方法 |
JP2016040888A (ja) | 2014-08-13 | 2016-03-24 | 株式会社ソシオネクスト | 半導体装置 |
US20170077883A1 (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-16 | Mediatek Inc. | Self-regulated reference for switched capacitor circuit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20240154040A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
JPWO2020079572A1 (ja) | 2021-12-23 |
KR20210076105A (ko) | 2021-06-23 |
CN112888952A (zh) | 2021-06-01 |
US11935961B2 (en) | 2024-03-19 |
WO2020079572A1 (ja) | 2020-04-23 |
TW202029456A (zh) | 2020-08-01 |
US20210384355A1 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
TWI835890B (zh) | 2024-03-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11699068B2 (en) | Imaging device, imaging module, electronic device, and imaging system | |
US20240154040A1 (en) | Semiconductor Device, Semiconductor Wafer, and Electronic Device | |
US20230230994A1 (en) | Imaging device and electronic device | |
WO2021009607A1 (ja) | 記憶装置、半導体装置、及び電子機器 | |
JP2023140355A (ja) | 半導体装置 | |
JP7325439B2 (ja) | 蓄電装置 | |
JP7273064B2 (ja) | ヒステリシスコンパレータ、半導体装置、及び蓄電装置 | |
US11356089B2 (en) | Semiconductor device | |
JP7350768B2 (ja) | 検知装置、半導体装置 | |
JP7344904B2 (ja) | 半導体装置 | |
WO2022018560A1 (ja) | 半導体装置 | |
WO2020079539A1 (ja) | 半導体装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A80 | Written request to apply exceptions to lack of novelty of invention |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A801 Effective date: 20210406 |
|
A80 | Written request to apply exceptions to lack of novelty of invention |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A80 Effective date: 20210407 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20220725 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20220725 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20230822 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20231003 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20240109 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20240220 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20240528 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20240619 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7508370 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |