JP7233604B2 - 半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7233604B2 JP7233604B2 JP2022510662A JP2022510662A JP7233604B2 JP 7233604 B2 JP7233604 B2 JP 7233604B2 JP 2022510662 A JP2022510662 A JP 2022510662A JP 2022510662 A JP2022510662 A JP 2022510662A JP 7233604 B2 JP7233604 B2 JP 7233604B2
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- Prior art keywords
- solder
- insulating substrate
- semiconductor element
- electrode plate
- main terminal
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
図1は、実施の形態1に係るパワーモジュールの構成を示す概略断面図である。図1を参照して、本実施の形態のパワーモジュール100は、絶縁基板10と、放熱部材20と、電極板30とを主に備えている。
絶縁基板10を構成する基材11は、たとえば窒化アルミニウムからなる。ただし基材11は窒化アルミニウムの代わりに、たとえばアルミナおよび窒化珪素のいずれかにより形成されてもよい。このように基材11はセラミック材料により形成されることが好ましい。ただしこれに限らず、基材11はガラスエポキシ樹脂および金属ベース樹脂のいずれかにより形成されてもよい。あるいは基材11はいわゆる低温焼成基板であるLTCC(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics)であってもよい。基材11の寸法はたとえば65mm×65mm×厚み0.64mmである。
図14は、実施の形態2に係るパワーモジュールの構成を示す概略断面図である。図14を参照して、本実施の形態のパワーモジュール100においては、放熱部材20のベース板21が、第1の放熱部材部21Aと第2の放熱部材部21Bとを含んでいる。第1の放熱部材部21Aは実施の形態1のベース板21と同様に、XY平面に沿う表面を有する板状の部分である。このため第1の放熱部材部21AのZ方向最上部の表面が、第1のはんだ51により、絶縁基板10の下側の主表面と接合されている。第2の放熱部材部21Bは第1の放熱部材部21Aと一体となるように第1の放熱部材部21Aの平面視での外側に配置される。第2の放熱部材部21Bは平面視にて第1の放熱部材部21Aおよびその上の第1のはんだ51を囲むように配置される。第2の放熱部材部21Bは第1の放熱部材部21AとZ方向の座標が等しい位置、およびそこからZ方向の上方に延びた領域に配置されている。したがって第2の放熱部材部21Bは、第1の放熱部材部21AよりもZ方向について上方(絶縁基板10側)に向けて延びるように、厚く形成されている。第1の放熱部材部21Aよりも厚く形成された第2の放熱部材部21Bの上には、枠部材60が搭載されている。
図15は、実施の形態3に係るパワーモジュールの構成を示す概略断面図である。図15を参照して、本実施の形態のパワーモジュール100においては、電極板30は主端子72に相当する領域を有さず、図の右側の枠部材60に、主端子73をさらに備えている。主端子73は実施の形態1の主端子72に相当する。しかし主端子73は電極板30と一体すなわち電極板30の本体部30Aの一部ではない。主端子73は電極板30とは別の部材である。
図20は、実施の形態4に係るパワーモジュールの構成を示す概略断面図である。図20を参照して、本実施の形態のパワーモジュール100は、実施の形態3の図15のパワーモジュール100と基本的に同様の構成を有する。電極板30の本体部30Cは本体部30Bと同様に、主端子を有さず、XY平面に沿って水平方向に拡がる部分のみを有している。このため図20において図15と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付し、機能等が同一である限り説明を繰り返さない。ただし図20においては、電極板30の主端子側端部33と、主端子73の接続部である第3部分73Cとが、ボンディングワイヤ82により接合されている。ボンディングワイヤ82はX方向に沿う方向に延びている。このため電極板30の本体部30Cは、主端子側端部33のX方向の最も右側の領域が、図15のように枠部材60から主端子73が露出し電極板30と接続される第3部分73Cと平面視にて重なる位置まで拡がらなくてもよい。図20において主端子側端部33は、図20の右側のIGBT41と平面視にて重なる領域まで延びており、それ以上右方には延びていない。なおボンディングワイヤ82の材質および寸法は、ボンディングワイヤ81と同様であることが好ましい。本体部30Cの材質は、本体部30A,30Bと同様に銅などの金属材料であることが好ましい。
図23は、実施の形態5に係るパワーモジュールの構成を示す概略断面図である。図23を参照して、本実施の形態のパワーモジュール100においては、放熱部材20に突起部21Cが形成されている。具体的には、放熱部材20のベース板21は、半導体素子の動作時に絶縁基板10の裏面である他方の表面11B側において最も温度が高くなる領域と平面視において互いに重なる位置に頂点を有する突起部21Cが形成されている。図23は一例として、絶縁基板10の平面視での中央部で半導体素子の動作時に最も温度が高くなる例を示す。すなわち絶縁基板10の平面視での中央部と重なるベース板21の位置に頂点を有する突起部21Cが形成されている。なお細かく見ると動作時に最高温度に達するのは半導体素子であるが、絶縁基板10の裏面で見ると熱が拡散して熱の分布のピークがぼやけるため、中央部が最も温度が高くなる。
図24は、実施の形態6に係るパワーモジュールの構成を示す概略断面図である。図24を参照して、本実施の形態のパワーモジュール100においては、絶縁基板10が、湾曲部10Aと、非湾曲部10Bとを含んでいる。湾曲部10Aは、上記他の実施の形態と同様に、絶縁基板10が放熱部材20側に凸形状となるよう主表面が反った部分である。非湾曲部10Bは、絶縁基板10が湾曲部10Aのように反っておらず、おおむねXY平面に沿うように主表面が平坦に拡がる領域である。湾曲部10Aと非湾曲部10Bとは水平方向に並ぶように配置される。このため本実施の形態では、絶縁基板10のうち非湾曲部10Bを除いた湾曲部10Aのみを考え、湾曲部10Aの平面視での中央部において凸形状の中央部が形成される。当該湾曲部10Aの中央部と重なる位置において第1のはんだ51が最も薄いことが好ましい。ただし本実施の形態においても他の実施の形態と同様に、湾曲部10Aと非湾曲部10Bとを合わせた絶縁基板10全体の平面視における中央部と重なる位置において第1のはんだ51が最も薄く、端部において第1のはんだ51が厚くてもよい。
図25は、実施の形態7に係るパワーモジュールの構成を示す概略断面図である。図25を参照して、パワーモジュール100は枠部材60を有さない構成であってもよい。本実施の形態においては、パワーモジュール100の封止材91が、ベース板21の最下面の少なくとも一部およびフィン22の全体を露出するように、他の各部材を封止している。枠部材60を有さないため、封止材91はパワーモジュール100の最表面を形成している。
Claims (14)
- 半導体素子を搭載する絶縁基板と、
第1のはんだにより前記絶縁基板と接合された放熱部材と、
前記半導体素子の上の少なくとも一部と重なるように配置された電極板とを備え、
前記絶縁基板は、前記放熱部材側に突起し複数の半導体素子にまたがった凸形状となるよう主表面が反っており、
前記第1のはんだは、平面視における中央部よりも端部において厚く、
前記半導体素子は、第2のはんだにより、前記電極板と接合されており、
前記絶縁基板と間隔をあけて前記絶縁基板を囲むように配置された枠部材をさらに備え、
前記半導体素子は、第1の半導体素子と、前記第1の半導体素子よりも平面視における前記枠部材に近い領域に配置された第2の半導体素子とを含み、
前記電極板と前記第1の半導体素子との間の前記第2のはんだの最大厚みは、前記電極板と前記第2の半導体素子との間の前記第2のはんだの最大厚みよりも厚い、半導体装置。 - 半導体素子を搭載する絶縁基板と、
第1のはんだにより前記絶縁基板と接合された放熱部材と、
前記半導体素子の上の少なくとも一部と重なるように配置された電極板とを備え、
前記絶縁基板は、前記放熱部材側に突起し複数の半導体素子にまたがった凸形状となるよう主表面が反っており、
前記第1のはんだは、平面視における中央部よりも端部において厚く、
前記半導体素子は、第2のはんだにより、前記電極板と接合されており、
前記絶縁基板と間隔をあけて前記絶縁基板を囲むように配置された枠部材をさらに備え、
前記電極板は前記枠部材内において前記絶縁基板に対向するように配置され、
前記電極板は、前記絶縁基板の前記凸形状に沿うように主表面が反っている、半導体装置。 - 前記絶縁基板は基材を含み、
前記基材の一方の表面上、および前記一方の表面と反対側の他方の表面上には1つ以上の導体層が接合され、
前記第1のはんだは、前記他方の表面上の前記導体層の全面を接合しており、
前記第1のはんだは、平面視における中央部から端部に向けて漸増的に厚くなっている、請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記放熱部材は、前記第1のはんだにより前記絶縁基板と接合される第1の放熱部材部と、平面視における前記第1の放熱部材部の外側において前記第1の放熱部材部および前記第1のはんだを囲み、前記枠部材を搭載する第2の放熱部材部とを含み、
前記放熱部材は、前記第1の放熱部材部と前記第2の放熱部材部とにより形成される凹部が前記第1のはんだおよび前記絶縁基板を収納する、請求項2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記電極板は、主端子としての主端子側端部と、前記主端子側端部と反対側の端部である半導体素子側端部とを含み、
前記主端子側端部は、前記枠部材の外側に露出する第1部分と、前記枠部材に埋め込まれる第2部分とを有する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 主端子をさらに備え、
前記主端子は、前記枠部材の内側にて前記枠部材から露出する接続部を含み、
前記電極板は、前記主端子に接続される主端子側端部と、前記主端子側端部と反対側の端部である半導体素子側端部とを含み、
前記電極板の前記主端子側端部と前記接続部とが第3のはんだにより接合されている、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 主端子をさらに備え、
前記主端子は、前記枠部材の内側にて前記枠部材から露出する接続部を含み、
前記電極板は、前記主端子に接続される主端子側端部と、前記主端子側端部と反対側の端部である半導体素子側端部とを含み、
前記電極板の前記主端子側端部と前記接続部とがボンディングワイヤにより接合されている、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記放熱部材には、前記絶縁基板の最も温度が高くなる領域と平面視において互いに重なる位置に頂点を有する突起部が形成されている、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体素子を封止する封止樹脂をさらに備え、
前記第1のはんだは前記封止樹脂と接している、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 放熱部材と絶縁基板とを第1のはんだにより接合する工程と、
前記絶縁基板に半導体素子を接合する工程と、
前記第1のはんだにより接合する工程および前記半導体素子を接合する工程の後に、前記半導体素子の上の少なくとも一部と重なる電極板を第2のはんだにより前記半導体素子と接合する工程とを備え、
前記絶縁基板は前記放熱部材側に凸形状となるよう主表面が反るように前記放熱部材に接合され、
前記第1のはんだは、平面視における中央部よりも端部において厚くなるように形成され、
前記絶縁基板と間隔をあけて前記絶縁基板を囲むように配置され、主端子が埋め込まれた枠部材を準備する工程と、
前記第2のはんだにより前記半導体素子と接合する工程の後に、前記電極板と前記主端子とを第3のはんだにより接合する工程とをさらに備える、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 放熱部材と絶縁基板とを第1のはんだにより接合する工程と、
前記絶縁基板に半導体素子を接合する工程と、
前記第1のはんだにより接合する工程および前記半導体素子を接合する工程の後に、前記半導体素子の上の少なくとも一部と重なる電極板を第2のはんだにより前記半導体素子と接合する工程とを備え、
前記絶縁基板は前記放熱部材側に凸形状となるよう主表面が反るように前記放熱部材に接合され、
前記第1のはんだは、平面視における中央部よりも端部において厚くなるように形成され、
前記絶縁基板と間隔をあけて前記絶縁基板を囲むように配置され、主端子が埋め込まれた枠部材を準備する工程と、
前記第2のはんだにより前記半導体素子と接合する工程の後に、前記電極板と前記主端子とをワイヤボンディングする工程とをさらに備える、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記絶縁基板は基材を含み、
前記基材の一方の表面上、および前記一方の表面と反対側の他方の表面上には1つ以上の導体層が接合され、
前記一方の表面上における前記導体層が接合されない第1領域と、前記他方の表面上における前記導体層が接合されない第2領域との面積差を調整することにより前記凸形状の反りを調整する、請求項10または11に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記一方の表面上における前記導体層が、前記他方の表面上における前記導体層よりも厚く形成されることにより前記凸形状の反りを調整する、請求項12に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記一方の表面上における前記導体層と前記半導体素子との間に他の導体層を、前記導体層に重なるように接合する工程をさらに備えることにより前記凸形状の反りを調整する、請求項12に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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JP2003209199A (ja) | 2002-01-15 | 2003-07-25 | Kyocera Corp | 半導体素子搭載用基板 |
JP2012160548A (ja) | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-23 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 絶縁基板とその絶縁基板を有するパワーモジュール |
JP2016115900A (ja) | 2014-12-18 | 2016-06-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 半導体モジュールおよび半導体装置 |
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