JP7226677B1 - 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7226677B1 JP7226677B1 JP2022571893A JP2022571893A JP7226677B1 JP 7226677 B1 JP7226677 B1 JP 7226677B1 JP 2022571893 A JP2022571893 A JP 2022571893A JP 2022571893 A JP2022571893 A JP 2022571893A JP 7226677 B1 JP7226677 B1 JP 7226677B1
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- steel sheet
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- cold
- rolled
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- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000565 Non-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009503 electrostatic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
質量%で、C:0.048%、Si:3.44%、Mn:0.10%を含む方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを、1400℃の温度に加熱し、熱間圧延を施して板厚3.0mmの熱延鋼板とした。前記熱延鋼板に対して950℃で40秒の熱延板焼鈍を施した後、酸洗を行って鋼板表面のスケールを除去した。
質量%で、C:0.075%、Si:2.88%、Mn:0.05%、Se:0.019%、Sb:0.08%を含む方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを、1380℃の温度に加熱し、熱間圧延を施して板厚2.4mmの熱延鋼板とした。次いで、酸洗を行って前記熱延鋼板表面のスケールを除去した。
質量%で、C:0.082%、Si:3.51%、Mn:0.23%、Al:0.029%、N:0.008%、Se:0.012%、S:0.004%を含む方向性電磁鋼板用スラブを、1420℃の温度に加熱し、熱間圧延を施して板厚2.5mmの熱延鋼板とした。前記熱延鋼板に対して950℃で30秒の熱延板焼鈍を施した後、酸洗を行って鋼板表面のスケールを除去した。
前記熱延鋼板に対して、1回または中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延を施して冷延鋼板とし、
前記冷延鋼板を酸洗し、
前記冷延鋼板に脱炭焼鈍を施し、
前記脱炭焼鈍後の前記冷延鋼板の表面に、MgOを含有する焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、
前記焼鈍分離剤が塗布された前記冷延鋼板に仕上焼鈍を施すことを含む、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法であって、
前記酸洗においては、酸濃度:1.0質量%以上20質量%以下、かつFeイオン濃度:2質量%以上15%質量以下の溶液を使用し、
前記脱炭焼鈍においては、雰囲気ガス中に不可避に混入するCOの濃度を6体積%以下に維持することを特徴とする、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
本発明においては、出発材料として方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブ(以下、単に鋼スラブという場合がある)を使用する。前記鋼スラブとしては、とくに限定されることなく任意の成分組成を有する鋼スラブを使用することができる。
C含有量が0.10%より高いと、脱炭焼鈍を施しても、鋼中C量を磁気時効の起こらない0.0035%以下まで低減することが困難となる。そのため、C含有量は0.10%以下とすることが好ましく、0.06%以下とすることがより好ましい。一方、C含有量が0.01%に満たないと、Cによる粒界強化効果が失われ、鋼スラブにクラックが生じるなどの欠陥が生じ、操業性に支障がでる可能性がある。そのため、C含有量は0.01%以上とすることが好ましく、0.03%以上とすることがより好ましい。
Siは鋼の比抵抗を高め、鉄損を改善させるために有効な元素である。Si含有量が2.0%未満であるとその効果が乏しい。そのため、Si含有量は2.0%以上とすることが好ましく、3.0%以上とすることがより好ましい。一方、Si含有量が5.0%を超えると鋼の加工性が劣化し、圧延が困難となる。そのため、Si含有量は5.0%以下とすることが好ましく、3.6%以下とすることがより好ましい。
Mnは熱間加工性を良好にするために有効な元素である。Mn含有量が0.01%未満であるとその効果が乏しい。そのため、Mn含有量は0.01%以上とすることが好ましく、0.03%以上とすることがより好ましい。一方、Mn含有量が0.50%を超えると方向性電磁鋼板の磁束密度が低下する。そのため、Mn含有量は0.50%以下とすることが好ましく、0.15%以下とすることがより好ましい。
Al:0.010%以下
N:0.0060%以下
SおよびSe:合計0.010%以下
Al:0%以上0.008%以下
N:0%以上0.0050%以下
SおよびSe:合計0%以上0.005%未満
C :0.01~0.10%、
Si:2.0~5.0%、
Mn:0.01~0.50%、
Al:0~0.04%、
N :0~0.012%、および
SおよびSe:合計0~0.10%を含み、
残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物である成分組成を有する鋼スラブを用いることができる。
Ni:0~1.50%、
Cr:0~0.50%、
Cu:0~0.50%、
P :0~0.50%、
Sb:0~0.50%、
Sn:0~0.50%、
Bi:0~0.50%、
Mo:0~0.50%、
B :0~25ppm、
Nb:0~0.020%、
V :0~0.010%、
Zr:0~0.10%、
Co:0~0.050%、
Pb:0~0.0100%、
As:0~0.0200%、
Zn:0~0.020%、
W :0~0.0100%、
Ge:0~0.0050%、および
Ga:0~0.0050%からなる群より選択される1または2以上を含有することもできる。これらの元素を添加することにより、磁気特性をさらに向上させることができる。しかし、含有量が上限値を超えると二次再結晶粒の発達が抑制されるため、かえって磁気特性が劣化する。
Ni:0.01%、
Cr:0.01%、
Cu:0.01%、
P :0.005%、
Sb:0.005%、
Sn:0.005%、
Bi:0.005%、
Mo:0.005%、
B :2ppm、
Nb:0.001%、
V :0.001%、
Zr:0.001%、
Co:0.002%、
Pb:0.0001%、
As:0.0010%、
Zn:0.001%、
W :0.0010%、
Ge:0.0001%、および
Ga:0.0001%。
次に、前記鋼スラブを熱間圧延して熱延鋼板とする。なお、前記熱間圧延に先だって、鋼スラブを加熱してもよく、また、鋳造によって鋼スラブを得た後、再加熱せずに直ちに圧延を施してもよい。熱間圧延前のスラブ加熱温度は特に限定されないが、1100~1460℃とすることが好ましい。特に、鋼スラブがインヒビタ成分を含まない場合には前記スラブ加熱温度を1300℃以下とすることがコストの観点で好ましい。また、インヒビタ成分を含む場合は、インヒビタ成分を完全固溶させるために前記スラブ加熱温度を1300℃以上とすることが好ましい。
次いで、前記熱延鋼板に対して、1回または中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延を施して冷延鋼板とする。前記冷間圧延の条件はとくに限定されず、任意の条件で行うことができる。
本発明では、冷延鋼板に対して、酸濃度:1.0%以上20%以下、かつFeイオン濃度:2%以上15%以下の溶液を使用して酸洗を施すことが重要である。先に述べたように、前記条件で酸洗を行うことにより、優れた被膜密着性を得ることができる。
次いで、前記酸洗後の冷延鋼板に脱炭焼鈍を施す。前記脱炭焼鈍の条件はとくに限定されず、任意の条件で行うことができる。前記脱炭焼鈍においては、750℃以上950℃以下の温度域で10秒以上保持することが好ましく、800℃以上900℃以下の温度域で10秒以上保持することがより好ましい。前記脱炭焼鈍は、H2とN2とを含む、湿潤雰囲気中で行うことが好ましい。前記湿潤雰囲気の露点は、脱炭焼鈍の一部もしくはすべての範囲において、20℃以上80℃以下とすることが好ましく、40℃以上70℃以下とすることがより好ましい。前記脱炭焼鈍においては、雰囲気ガス中にCOが不可避に混入するが、上述した理由により、炉内CO濃度を6%以下とする必要がある。炉内CO濃度を6%以下に制御することにより、優れた被膜密着性が得られるとともに、鋼中C量を35ppm以下とすることができる。そのため、前記脱炭焼鈍においては、雰囲気ガス中に不可避に混入するCOの濃度を6体積%以下に維持する。
その後、前記脱炭焼鈍後の冷延鋼板の表面に、MgOを含有する焼鈍分離剤を塗布する。前記焼鈍分離剤としては、MgOを主成分として含有する焼鈍分離剤を用いることが好ましい。前記焼鈍分離剤におけるMgOの含有量は、60質量%以上であることが好ましい。
その後、前記焼鈍分離剤が塗布された冷延鋼板に仕上焼鈍を施すことにより、二次再結晶粒を発達させるとともにフォルステライト被膜を形成する。前記仕上焼鈍は、とくに限定されることなく任意の条件で行うことができる。
以下の手順で、表面にフォルステライト被膜と絶縁コーティングとを備える方向性電磁鋼板を製造した。
得られた方向性電磁鋼板の被膜密着性を評価した。前記被膜密着性は、方向性電磁鋼板を種々の直径を有した円筒に巻き付けて、被膜が剥がれない最小径を求めることによって評価した。この最小径が小さいほど被膜密着性が優れる。
得られた方向性電磁鋼板の鋼中C量を測定した。前記鋼中C量の測定は、5%濃度、90℃の塩酸で酸洗することにより方向性電磁鋼板の表面に存在する被膜を除去した後に実施した。
得られた方向性電磁鋼板の鉄損を、JIS C2550-1(2011)に準拠した方法で測定した。
質量%で、C:0.049%、Si:3.11%、Mn:0.10%、Se:0.015%、Sb:0.15%を含む方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを、1400℃の温度に加熱し、熱間圧延を施して板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とした。次いで、酸洗を行って前記熱延鋼板表面のスケールを除去した。
Claims (2)
- 方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを熱間圧延して熱延鋼板とし、
前記熱延鋼板に対して、1回または中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延を施して冷延鋼板とし、
前記冷延鋼板を酸洗し、
前記冷延鋼板に脱炭焼鈍を施し、
前記脱炭焼鈍後の前記冷延鋼板の表面に、MgOを含有する焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、
前記焼鈍分離剤が塗布された前記冷延鋼板に仕上焼鈍を施すことを含む、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法であって、
前記酸洗においては、酸濃度:1.0質量%以上20質量%以下、かつFeイオン濃度:2質量%以上15%質量以下の溶液を使用し、
前記脱炭焼鈍においては、雰囲気ガス中に不可避に混入するCOの濃度を6体積%以下に維持することを特徴とする、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記酸洗で使用する前記溶液に含まれる酸が、リン酸、塩酸、硫酸、および硝酸からなる群より選択される1または2以上である、請求項1記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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