JP7173312B2 - 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7173312B2 JP7173312B2 JP2021519510A JP2021519510A JP7173312B2 JP 7173312 B2 JP7173312 B2 JP 7173312B2 JP 2021519510 A JP2021519510 A JP 2021519510A JP 2021519510 A JP2021519510 A JP 2021519510A JP 7173312 B2 JP7173312 B2 JP 7173312B2
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Description
特許文献1 特開2007-266233号公報
特許文献2 特開2005-064429号公報
(1-θ+)/α´+1≦κ≦(1-θ-)/α´+1
ただし、α´=NA0/NF0、NF0はN型領域のドナー濃度の目標値であってよい。
NF0=NH-NA0 ・・・式(1)
一方、実際のドナー濃度NFreは、水素ドナー濃度NHと、実際のバルク・アクセプタ濃度NAreとの差分であるので、下式で与えられる。
NFre=NH-NAre ・・・式(2)
κ=NAre/NA0 ・・・式(3)
パラメータκは、実際のバルク・アクセプタ濃度NAreと仕様値NA0との比であり、1から離れるほど実際のバルク・アクセプタ濃度NAreが仕様値NA0からずれていることを示す。なお、κは仕様値NA0に対する実際のバルク・アクセプタ濃度NAreの割合であるので0<κとする。
θ=NFre/NF0 ・・・式(4)
パラメータθは、実際のドナー濃度NFreと目標値NF0との比であり、1から離れるほど実際のドナー濃度NFreが目標値NF0からずれていることを示す。つまり、θが十分に1に近ければ、実際のバルク・アクセプタ濃度NAreが仕様値NA0に対してκ倍ずれた場合でも、κにほとんど依らずに、実際のドナー濃度NFreが目標値NF0とほぼ一致していることを示している。なお、θは目標値NF0に対する実際のドナー濃度NFreの割合であるので0<θとする。
・中性子照射FZウエハ・・・±8%(比では0.92から1.08)
・ガスドープFZウエハ・・・±12%(比では0.88から1.12)
このばらつきを参考にして、例えばθが0.85以上、1.15以下であれば、最終的なドナー濃度NFreのばらつきが、上述したFZ法のシリコンウエハのバルク・ドナー濃度と同程度になる。本明細書では、一例としてθの許容値を0.85以上、1.15以下とする。
NA0=α´×NF0 ・・・式(5)
ただし、α´はNF0に対するN A0 の割合であるので0<α´である。また、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値N A0 が水素ドナー濃度NH以上だと、ドナー濃度NFreが負となり、N型領域120がP型になってしまう。このため、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値N A0 は、ドナー濃度NHより小さい。
α=1/α´ ・・・式(6)
式(5)および式(6)から、下式が得られる。
NA0=NF0/α ・・・式(7)
式(1)に式(7)を代入して、下式が得られる。
NF0=NH-NF0/α つまり、NH=(1+1/α)NF0 ・・・式(8)
式(2)に式(8)および式(3)を代入して、下式が得られる。
NFre=(1+1/α)NF0-κNA0 ・・・式(9)
式(9)に式(7)を代入して、下式が得られる。
NFre=(1+1/α)NF0-κ(1/α)NF0
=(1+1/α-κ/α)NF0 ・・・式(10)
式(4)に式(10)を代入して、下式が得られる。
θ=1+1/α-κ/α
=1-(κ―1)/α ・・・式(11)
式(6)および式(11)から、下式が得られる。
θ=1-α´(κ―1) ・・・式(12)
(範囲A)
α´が0.5以下。α´が0.5の場合、κが0.7~1.3の範囲内であれば、θが許容範囲内となる。ドナー濃度の目標値NF0が1×1014/cm3であり、α´が0.001の場合、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値NA0は1×1011/cm3であり、約126000Ωcmの比抵抗に相当する。
α´が0.333以下。α´が0.333の場合、κが0.5~1.4の範囲内であれば、θが許容範囲内となる。ドナー濃度の目標値NF0が1×1014/cm3であり、α´が0.01の場合、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値NA0は1×1012/cm3であり、約12600Ωcmの比抵抗に相当する。
α´が0.25以下。α´が0.25の場合、κが0.3~1.6の範囲内であれば、θが許容範囲内となる。ドナー濃度の目標値NF0が1×1014/cm3であり、α´が0.03の場合、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値NA0は3×1012/cm3であり、約4210Ωcmの比抵抗に相当する。
α´が0.2以下。α´が0.2の場合、κが0.1~1.8の範囲内であれば、θが許容範囲内となる。ドナー濃度の目標値NF0が1×1014/cm3であり、α´が0.1の場合、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値NA0は1×1013/cm3であり、約1260Ωcmの比抵抗に相当する。
α´が0.1以下。α´が0.1の場合、θの許容範囲の下限値0.85に対しては、κが2.5以下であれば、θは許容範囲内となる。また、θの許容範囲の上限値1.15に対しては、κが0.1でもθは十分許容範囲内となる。
α´が0.05以下。α´が0.05の場合、θの許容範囲の下限値0.85に対しては、κが4以下であれば、θは許容範囲内となる。また、θの許容範囲の上限値1.15に対しては、κが0.1でもθは十分許容範囲内となる。
α´が0.03以下。α´が0.03の場合、θの許容範囲の下限値0.85に対しては、κが6以下であれば、θは許容範囲内となる。また、θの許容範囲の上限値1.15に対しては、κが0.1でもθは十分許容範囲内となる。
α´が0.01以下。α´が0.01の場合、θの許容範囲の下限値0.85に対しては、κが10でもθは十分許容範囲内となる。また、θの許容範囲の上限値1.15に対しては、κが0.1でもθは十分許容範囲内となる。
α´が0.001以上。ドナー濃度の目標値NF0を1×1014/cm3とすると、α´が0.001の場合、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値NA0は1×1011/cm3であり、約126000Ωcmの比抵抗に相当する。
α´が0.01以上。ドナー濃度の目標値NF0を1×1014/cm3とすると、α´が0.01の場合、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値NA0は1×1012/cm3であり、約12600Ωcmの比抵抗に相当する。
α´が0.03以上。ドナー濃度の目標値NF0を1×1014/cm3とすると、α´が0.03の場合、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値NA0は3×1012/cm3であり、約4210Ωcmの比抵抗に相当する。
α´が0.05以上。ドナー濃度の目標値NF0を1×1014/cm3とすると、α´が0.05の場合、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値NA0は5×1012/cm3であり、約2530Ωcmの比抵抗に相当する。
κ=(1-θ)/α´+1 ・・・式(13A)
式(13A)において、本例のズレ割合θは、上限値(本例では1.15)または下限値(本例では0.85)である。
κ=-θ0/α´+1 ・・・式(13B)
式(13B)において、本例の許容範囲θ0は15%(すなわち-15%以上、15%以下)である。ズレ割合θの上限値は1.15、下限値は0.85である。式(13B)でθ0の符号を-としているのは、式(13A)のズレ割合θの上限値および下限値と、式(13B)の許容範囲θ0の上限値および下限値を、それぞれ対応させるためである。
κ=-0.15/α´+1 (θ=1.15) ・・・式(13C)
κ=0.15/α´+1 (θ=0.85) ・・・式(13D)
ω=NHre/NH0 ・・・式(14)
NH0=(1+1/α)NF0 ・・・式(8B)
となり、式(9)は、
NFre=ω(1+1/α)NF0-κNA0 ・・・式(9B)
となり、式(10)は、
NFre=ω(1+1/α)NF0-κ(1/α)NF0
={ω(1+1/α)-κ/α}NF0 ・・・式(10B)
となる。
θ=ω+ω/α-κ/α
=ω-(κ―ω)/α ・・・式(11B)
式(6)および式(11)から、下式が得られる。
θ=ω-α´(κ―ω) ・・・式(12B)
κ=(1-θ0/ω)(ω/α´)+ω ・・・式(15)
式(15)においてパラメータωを1とおけば、式(15)は式(13)と同じになる。
・下限114:(9.20245×1012)/x
・上限113:(4.60123×1016)/x
・下限114:(9.20245×1013)/x
・上限113:(3.06442×1016)/x
・下限114:(2.76074×1014)/x
・上限113:(2.30061×1016)/x
・下限114:(9.20245×1014)/x
・上限113:(1.84049×1016)/x
・下限114:(9.20245×1012)/x
・上限113:(9.20245×1015)/x
・下限114:(1.84049×1013)/x
・上限113:(4.60123×1015)/x
・下限114:(4.60123×1013)/x
・上限113:(1.84049×1015)/x
・下限114:(9.20245×1013)/x
・上限113:(9.20245×1014)/x
なお、各範囲における上限113および下限114は、±20%の幅を有してよい。
Claims (18)
- N型領域が設けられた半導体基板を備え、
前記N型領域は、前記半導体基板の深さ方向における中央位置を含む領域であり、
前記N型領域は、前記中央位置において、キャリア濃度より低濃度であって、キャリア濃度の0.001倍以上の濃度のアクセプタを含み、
前記N型領域において、バルク・アクセプタ濃度の仕様値N A0 に対する実際のバルク・アクセプタ濃度N Are の割合κを、κ=N Are /N A0 とし、
最終ドナー濃度の目標値N F0 に対する実際のドナー濃度N Fre の割合θを、θ=N Fre /N F0 として、前記θの上限値をθ + とし、前記θの下限値をθ - とし、前記θ + は1.15であり、前記θ - は0.85であり、
前記割合κおよび前記θの上限値θ + および下限値θ - が、下式を満たし、
(1-θ + )/α´+1≦κ≦(1-θ - )/α´+1
ただし、α´=N A0 /N F0 、N F0 は前記N型領域のドナー濃度の目標値である
半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板は、
トランジスタ部およびダイオード部の少なくとも一方が形成された活性領域と、
前記半導体基板の上面視において前記活性領域を囲んで設けられ、P型のガードリングが複数形成されたエッジ終端構造部と
を有し、
2つの前記ガードリングの間には、前記キャリア濃度の0.001倍以上、0.9倍未満の濃度の前記アクセプタを含む前記N型領域が設けられている
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板の側壁と接しない範囲に、前記N型領域が設けられている
請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記N型領域において、ドナー濃度NFに対するバルク・アクセプタ濃度NAの割合NA/NFが、0.5以下である
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板は、
上面に設けられたトレンチ部と、
前記トレンチ部の下端に接したP型領域と
を有する
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記N型領域は、
水素化学濃度の濃度ピークと、
前記濃度ピークから前記半導体基板の前記中央位置に向かう方向において、前記半導体基板の厚みの40%以上の範囲に渡って、前記水素化学濃度の他の濃度ピークが設けられていない領域と
を有する請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- N型領域が設けられた半導体基板を備え、
前記N型領域は、前記半導体基板の深さ方向における中央位置を含む領域であり、
前記N型領域は、前記中央位置において、キャリア濃度より低濃度であって、キャリア濃度の0.001倍以上の濃度のアクセプタを含み、
水素化学濃度の複数の濃度ピークを備え、
前記複数の濃度ピークは、
前記半導体基板の上面側に配置され、前記半導体基板の前記中央位置に最も近い第1濃度ピークと、
前記半導体基板の下面側に配置され、前記半導体基板の前記中央位置に最も近い第2濃度ピークと
を含み、
前記第1濃度ピークと前記第2濃度ピークとの前記深さ方向における距離が、前記半導体基板の厚みの40%以上であり、前記第1濃度ピークと前記第2濃度ピークとの間には、前記水素化学濃度の他の濃度ピークが設けられていない
半導体装置。 - 前記N型領域と、前記半導体基板の下面との間に設けられ、前記N型領域よりもドーピング濃度の高いバッファ領域を更に備え、
前記第2濃度ピークは前記バッファ領域に設けられる
請求項7に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板の上面から前記N型領域まで設けられたトレンチ部を更に備え、
前記第1濃度ピークは、前記トレンチ部の下端から前記半導体基板の前記上面との間に配置されている
請求項7または8に記載の半導体装置。 - N型領域が設けられた半導体基板を備え、
前記N型領域は、前記半導体基板の深さ方向における中央位置を含む領域であり、
前記N型領域は、前記中央位置において、キャリア濃度より低濃度であって、キャリア濃度の0.001倍以上の濃度のアクセプタを含み、
前記半導体基板の上面側に配置されたヘリウム化学濃度の濃度ピークと、
前記ヘリウム化学濃度の濃度ピークよりも前記半導体基板の下面側に配置された1つ以上の水素化学濃度の濃度ピークと
を備え、
前記水素化学濃度の濃度ピークのうち、前記ヘリウム化学濃度の濃度ピークに最も近い濃度ピークと、前記ヘリウム化学濃度の濃度ピークとの前記深さ方向における距離が、前記半導体基板の厚みの40%以上である
半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板の上面側に配置された空孔型欠陥の密度ピークを備え、
前記密度ピークから前記半導体基板の下面側に向かう方向において、前記半導体基板の厚みの40%以上の範囲に渡って、前記空孔型欠陥の他の密度ピークが設けられていない
請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記N型領域は、前記キャリア濃度が一定濃度である領域が、前記半導体基板の厚みの20%以上の範囲にわたって設けられる
請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記N型領域は、前記半導体基板の厚みの30%以上の厚さの所定の領域において、濃度幅が17%の帯状範囲内にドナー濃度が分布する
請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - N型領域が設けられた半導体基板を備え、
前記N型領域は、前記半導体基板の深さ方向における中央位置を含む領域であり、
前記N型領域は、前記中央位置において、キャリア濃度より低濃度であって、キャリア濃度の0.001倍以上の濃度のアクセプタを含み、
前記N型領域の全体に、硫黄またはセレンが分布している
半導体装置。 - P型の半導体基板を準備する準備段階と、
前記P型の半導体基板にドナーを注入して熱処理することで、前記半導体基板の深さ方向における中央位置を含むN型領域を形成する第1反転段階と
を備え、
前記第1反転段階において、前記P型の半導体基板の上面側のウェル領域にドナーを注入し、前記P型の半導体基板の下面から前記ウェル領域に水素イオンを注入して熱処理する
半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1反転段階において、
前記半導体基板に水素イオンを注入し、
前記水素イオンを注入した位置から前記半導体基板の前記中央位置に向かう方向において、前記半導体基板の厚みの40%以上の範囲に渡って他の水素イオンを注入しない状態で、前記半導体基板を熱処理して前記N型領域を形成する
請求項15に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - P型の半導体基板を準備する準備段階と、
前記P型の半導体基板にドナーを注入して熱処理することで、前記半導体基板の深さ方向における中央位置を含むN型領域を形成する第1反転段階と
を備え、
前記第1反転段階において、前記P型の半導体基板の上面側に硫黄またはセレンを注入して熱処理する
半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記N型領域にアクセプタを注入して、P型領域を形成する第2反転段階を更に備える
請求項15から17のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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