JP6916787B2 - 多層ポリエチレンフィルム及びそれから作製された物品 - Google Patents
多層ポリエチレンフィルム及びそれから作製された物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6916787B2 JP6916787B2 JP2018526251A JP2018526251A JP6916787B2 JP 6916787 B2 JP6916787 B2 JP 6916787B2 JP 2018526251 A JP2018526251 A JP 2018526251A JP 2018526251 A JP2018526251 A JP 2018526251A JP 6916787 B2 JP6916787 B2 JP 6916787B2
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- polyethylene
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Images
Classifications
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Description
コア層は、線状低密度ポリエチレン(「LLDPE」)を含む。LLDPEは、エチレンモノマー及び1つ以上のアルファ−オレフィンコモノマーの共重合により生成され、0.900〜0.935g/ccの密度を特徴とする線状または実質的に線状のポリエチレンポリマーを含む。得られたポリマーは、著しい数の短鎖分岐を含む。LLDPEは、50重量%超のそのエチレンモノマー由来単位、例えば、少なくとも60重量%、少なくとも70重量%、少なくとも80重量%、少なくとも90重量%、少なくとも92重量%、少なくとも95重量%、少なくとも97重量%のエチレンモノマー由来単位と、30重量%未満、例えば、25重量%未満、20重量%未満、15重量%未満、10重量%未満、5重量%未満、3重量%未満の1つ以上のアルファ−オレフィンコモノマー由来単位とを含む。
第1の外層及び第2の外層は、不織布材料を含有しない。第1の外層及び第2の外層は独立して、ポリエチレン樹脂を含む。本明細書の実施形態において、第1の外層は、第2の外層と同じ組成物を有し得るか、または第1の外層は、第2の外層とは異なる組成物を有し得る。ポリエチレン樹脂は、エチレンホモポリマー、エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマー、またはエチレン/アルファ−オレフィンコポリマーであり得る。本明細書で使用される場合、「インターポリマー」は、少なくとも2つの異なるタイプのモノマーの重合により調製されるポリマーを指す。「インターポリマー」という用語は、2つの異なるタイプのモノマーから調製されるポリマー、及び2つを超える異なるタイプのモノマーから調製されるポリマーを指すために使用されるコポリマーを含み得る。「エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマー」という用語は、過半重量パーセントのエチレン(インターポリマーの重量に基づいて)、α−オレフィンコモノマー、及び任意に1つ以上の追加のコモノマーを重合形態で含むエチレン系ポリマーを指す。
本明細書に記載される多層ポリエチレンフィルムは、共押し出しフィルムであり得る。いくつかの実施形態において、多層ポリエチレンフィルムは、共押し出しフィルムであり、それにより、外層のうちの少なくとも1つが、コア層に共押し出しされる。他の実施形態において、多層ポリエチレンフィルムは、共押し出しフィルムであり、それにより、外層のうちの一方(すなわち、第1の外層)が、コア層に共押し出しされ、他方の外層(すなわち、第2の外層)が、コア層に共押し出しされ、コア層が第1の外層と第2の外層との間に位置付けられるように、2つの共押し出しフィルムがともに積層される。さらなる実施形態において、多層ポリエチレンフィルムは、共押し出しフィルムであり、それにより、第1の外層及び第2の外層が、コア層に共押し出しされる。本明細書のいくつかの実施形態において、多層ポリエチレンフィルムを製造する方法は、コア層、第1の外層、及び第2の外層を共押し出しして、本明細書に記載されるような多層ポリエチレンフィルムを形成することを含む。
また、超音波接合積層体も、本明細書に記載される。超音波接合積層体は、本明細書に前述されるような多層ポリエチレンフィルムと、多層ポリエチレンフィルムに少なくとも部分的に超音波接合されて積層体を形成する不織布基材とを備える。本明細書で使用する場合、「不織布基材」は、不織布ウェブ、不織布、及び個々の繊維またはスレッドが間に挿入されているが規則的または繰り返し様式ではない任意の不織布構造を含む。本明細書に記載される不織布基材は、例えば、エアレイング過程、メルトブロウイング過程、スパンボンディング過程、及びボンデッドカーデッドウェブ過程を含むカーディング過程などの、様々な過程により形成され得る。本明細書で使用される場合、「超音波接合」は、超音波溶接を含む。
本明細書に記載されるフィルムまたは超音波接合積層体は、様々な応用例で使用され得る。いくつかの実施形態において、本フィルムまたは積層体は、おむつ、トレーニングパンツ、及び成人用失禁用物品などの衛生応用例において、または他の類似する吸収性衣類の応用例において使用され得る。他の実施形態において、本フィルムまたは積層体は、医療用ドレープ、ガウン、及び外科用スーツなどの医療用応用例において、または他の類似する布地(織布または不織布)の応用例において使用され得る。
別途指示がない限り、以下の試験方法が使用される。全ての試験方法は、この開示の出願日現在のものである。
エチレン系及びプロピレン系ポリマーに関して本明細書で開示される密度は、ASTM D−792に従って決定される。
エチレン系ポリマーの溶融指数、またはI2は、190℃、2.16kgで、ASTM D1238に従って決定される。
プロピレン系ポリマーのメルトフローレートまたはMFRは、230℃、2.16kgで、ASTM D1238に従って測定される。
溶融強度の測定は、Gottfert Rheotester 2000キャピラリーレオメーターに取り付けたGottfert Rheotens71.97(Goettfert Inc.、Rock Hill、SC)上で行う。ポリマーメルト(約20〜30グラム、ペレット)を、キャピラリー直径が2.0mmであり、アスペクト比(キャピラリー長さ/キャピラリー直径)が15である平坦な入口角度(180度)を有するキャピラリーダイを通して押し出し加工する。試料を190℃で10分間平衡させた後に、0.265mm/秒の一定のピストン速度でピストンを動作させる。標準試験温度は、190℃である。試料を、2.4mm/秒2の加速度で、ダイの100mm下側に位置する1組の加速ニップに一軸的に引き出す。張力を、ニップロールの巻き取り速度の関数として記録する。溶融強度を、ストランドが破損する前のプラトー力(cN)として報告する。溶融強度の測定では、以下の条件を使用する。プランジャ速度=0.265mm/秒、ホイール加速度=2.4mm/秒2、キャピラリー直径=2.0mm、キャピラリー長=30mm、及びバレル直径=12mm。
2%歪み時のセカント係数及び破断応力を含む引張特性は、ASTM D882に従って、長さ方向及び幅方向において決定される。
スペンサーダーツ衝撃試験は、ASTM D3420、手順Bに従って決定される。
積層体を形成するために、フィルムを不織布に超音波接合する。試験体サイズは、127mm×25.4mmである。積層体1つあたり5つの試験体を測定する。不織布基材からフィルムを分離することにより剥離力を決定し、剥離力は、単位面積あたりの層を分離するために必要なエネルギーの測度である。試験体の第1の端において、1インチのフィルムを不織布基材から手動で分離して開始間隙を形成する。フィルムをCRE引張試験機(Instron)の可動グリップに配置し、一方で、不織布基材を静止した180°平面に配置する。フィルムを、約304.8mm/分の速度で不織布基材から剥がす。
穿刺は、ASTM D5748に従って引張試験機上で測定するが、正方形の試験体をシートから6インチ×6インチのサイズに切断すること、試験体を、直径4インチの円形試験体ホルダーに挟持し、挟持したフィルムの中央に穿刺プローブを10インチ/分のクロスヘッド速度で押し付けること、プローブが0.25インチの支持ロッド上の直径0.5インチの研磨した鋼球であること、試験治具への損傷を防止するために7.7インチの最大移動長があること、ゲージ長がないこと、すなわち、試験の前にプローブができる限り近くにあるが試験体には接触していないこと、を除く。試験体の中央において1回の厚さ測定を行う。平均穿刺値を決定するために、合計で5つの試験体を試験する。
以下の樹脂:低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)は、0.918g/ccの密度及び8.0g/10分の溶融指数を有するオートクレーブ反応器内で作製された高圧低密度ポリエチレン(The Dow Chemical Company,USAからのLDPE722)、0.917g/ccの密度及び2.3g/10分の溶融指数を有する線状低密度ポリエチレン1(「LLDPE1」)(The Dow Chemical Company,USAからのDOWLEX(登録商標)2247)、0.916g/ccの密度及び4.0g/10分の溶融指数を有する線状低密度ポリエチレン2(「LLDPE2」)(The Dow Chemical Company,USAからのELITE(登録商標)5230)、0.947g/ccの密度及び6.0g/10分の溶融指数を有するポリエチレン樹脂(The Dow Chemical Company,USAからのAGILITY(登録商標)6047G)、ならびに0.900g/ccの密度及び20g/10分の溶融流量を有するアイソタクティックなポリプロピレンホモポリマーであるポリプロピレン樹脂(LyondellBasell Industries,USAから入手できるポリプロピレン6231)である。
超音波接合を使用して、18gsmの坪量を有する発明のフィルム及び比較フィルムをスパンボンドポリプロピレン不織布に接合する。HiQ DIALOG超音波デバイスを使用して、フィルムを超音波接合する。溶接力は800〜2300Nであり、周波数は20kHzであり、振幅は25ミクロンであり、接合時間は300ミリ秒であった。
本願は以下の発明に関するものである。
(1)コア層と、第1の外層と、第2の外層とを備える多層ポリエチレンフィルムであって、
前記コア層が、前記第1の外層と前記第2の外層との間に位置付けられ、
前記コア層が、0.900g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜10g/10分の溶融指数I 2 を有する線状低密度ポリエチレン、ならびに任意に、0.915g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I 2 を有する第1の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含み、
前記第1の外層及び前記第2の外層が独立して、0.930g/cc〜0.970g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I 2 を有するポリエチレン樹脂、ならびに任意に、0.915g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I 2 を有する第2の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含み、 前記線状低密度ポリエチレンの前記密度が、前記ポリエチレン樹脂の前記密度未満である、多層ポリエチレンフィルム。
(2)前記コア層が、前記コア層中に存在するポリマーの総重量に基づいて、5重量%〜40重量%の前記第1の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む、前記(1)に記載のフィルム。
(3)前記第1の外層が、前記第1の外層中に存在するポリマーの総重量に基づいて、5重量%〜40重量%の前記第2の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む、前記(1)または(2)に記載のフィルム。
(4)前記第2の外層が、前記第2の外層中に存在するポリマーの総重量に基づいて、5重量%〜40重量%の前記第2の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む、前記(1)〜(3)に記載のフィルム。
(5)前記コア層の、前記第1及び第2の外層に対する比が、50:50〜90:10の範囲である、前記(1)〜(4)に記載のフィルム。
(6)前記第1の外層が、前記第2の外層と同じ厚さを有する、前記(1)〜(5)に記載のフィルム。
(7)前記第1の外層が、前記第2の外層と同じ組成物を有する、前記(1)〜(6)に記載のフィルム。
(8)前記(1)〜(7)に記載の多層ポリエチレンフィルムを製造する方法であって、前記方法が、
コア層、第1の外層、及び第2の外層を共押し出しして、多層ポリエチレンフィルムを形成することを含み、前記多層ポリエチレンフィルムが、
前記第1の外層と前記第2の外層との間に位置付けられた前記コア層であって、
0.900g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜10g/10分の溶融指数I 2 を有する線状低密度ポリエチレン、ならびに任意に、0.915g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I 2 を有する第1の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む、コア層と、
0.930g/cc〜0.970g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I 2 を有するポリエチレン樹脂、ならびに任意に、0.915g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I 2 を有する第2の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を独立して含む、前記第1の外層及び前記第2の外層と、を備え、
前記線状低密度ポリエチレンの前記密度が、前記ポリエチレン樹脂の前記密度未満である、方法。
(9)超音波接合積層体であって、
前記(1)〜(7)に記載の多層ポリエチレンフィルムと、
前記多層フィルムに少なくとも部分的に超音波接合されて、積層体を形成する不織布基材と、を備える、超音波接合積層体。
(10)前記不織布基材が、ポリプロピレン樹脂から形成される、前記(9)に記載の積層体。
Claims (9)
- コア層と、第1の外層と、第2の外層とを備える多層ポリエチレンフィルムであって、
前記コア層が、前記第1の外層と前記第2の外層との間に位置付けられ、
前記コア層が、0.900g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜10g/10分の溶融指数I2を有する線状低密度ポリエチレン、ならびに、0.915g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I2を有する第1の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含み、
前記第1の外層及び前記第2の外層が独立して、0.930g/cc〜0.970g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I2を有するポリエチレン樹脂、ならびに、0.915g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I2を有する第2の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含み、 前記線状低密度ポリエチレンの前記密度が、前記ポリエチレン樹脂の前記密度未満であり、
前記第1の外層が、前記第1の外層中に存在するポリマーの総重量に基づいて、5重量%〜40重量%の前記第2の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む、
多層ポリエチレンフィルム。 - 前記コア層が、前記コア層中に存在するポリマーの総重量に基づいて、5重量%〜40重量%の前記第1の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
- 前記第2の外層が、前記第2の外層中に存在するポリマーの総重量に基づいて、5重量%〜40重量%の前記第2の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む、請求項1または2に記載のフィルム。
- 前記コア層の、前記第1及び第2の外層に対する厚さ比が、50:50〜90:10の範囲である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 前記第1の外層が、前記第2の外層と同じ厚さを有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 前記第1の外層が、前記第2の外層と同じ組成物を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の多層ポリエチレンフィルムを製造する方法であって、前記方法が、
コア層、第1の外層、及び第2の外層を共押し出しして、多層ポリエチレンフィルムを形成することを含み、前記多層ポリエチレンフィルムが、
前記第1の外層と前記第2の外層との間に位置付けられた前記コア層であって、
0.900g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜10g/10分の溶融指数I2を有する線状低密度ポリエチレン、ならびに、0.915g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I2を有する第1の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を含む、コア層と、
0.930g/cc〜0.970g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I2を有するポリエチレン樹脂、ならびに、0.915g/cc〜0.935g/ccの密度及び0.1g/10分〜15g/10分の溶融指数I2を有する第2の低密度ポリエチレン樹脂を独立して含む、前記第1の外層及び前記第2の外層と、を備え、
前記線状低密度ポリエチレンの前記密度が、前記ポリエチレン樹脂の前記密度未満である、方法。 - 超音波接合積層体であって、
請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の多層ポリエチレンフィルムと、
前記多層ポリエチレンフィルムに少なくとも部分的に超音波接合されて、積層体を形成する不織布基材と、を備える、超音波接合積層体。 - 前記不織布基材が、ポリプロピレン樹脂から形成される、請求項8に記載の積層体。
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