JP6590911B2 - 3層−単層マトリクスコンバータ、フルブリッジac/dcコンバータ及びhf変成器を備えたac/dcコンバータ - Google Patents
3層−単層マトリクスコンバータ、フルブリッジac/dcコンバータ及びhf変成器を備えたac/dcコンバータ Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R25/00—Arrangements for measuring phase angle between a voltage and a current or between voltages or currents
- G01R25/005—Circuits for comparing several input signals and for indicating the result of this comparison, e.g. equal, different, greater, smaller, or for passing one of the input signals as output signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
- H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M5/275—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/297—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal for conversion of frequency
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4807—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode having a high frequency intermediate AC stage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
Description
高周波変成器と、
3相−単相マトリクスコンバータと、
フルブリッジAC−DCコンバータと、
制御システムと、
を備え、前記制御システムの出力は前記マトリクスコンバータ及び前記フルブリッジコンバータのスイッチに接続されている。
共通ソース接続形態;
共通ドレイン接続形態;
制御電力スイッチを有するダイオードブリッジ;又は
逆電圧阻止スイッチ;
のうちの一つを有する双方向スイッチを備える。
3相入力電圧Va,b,cのピーク値入力;
セットポイント入力φi;及び
位相シフトΦ;
を備える。
3相AC側の入力電圧空間ベクトルの角度αiを計算するように構成された位相検出器モジュール、
角度αiを前記セットポイント入力φiから引き算することにより所望の位相角βiを計算するように構成された加算器モジュール、
入力位相角βiを含むセクタKを計算するように構成されたセクタ検出器モジュール、
前記セクタKに基づいてスイッチング空間ベクトルSSVを選択するよう構成されたスイッチング空間ベクトル選択モジュール、
前記位相角βiを前記セクタ内の角度θiとして正規化するよう構成された角度正規化モジュール、
前記角度θiに基づいて2つの一般的スイッチング状態のデューティサイクルd1及びd2を計算するように構成されたデューティサイクル計算モジュール、及び
前記SSV、d1、d2及び前記位相シフト入力φに基づいてオン/オフ信号を前記マトリクスコンバータへ出力するように構成されたコマンド信号発生モジュール、
を備える。
本願は、制御可能な力率とDC側の電流を調整する能力を備えた単段双方向PCSを提供するという問題を解決することを意図し、その解決法を提示する。
主回路は、図1に示されるように、入力フィルタ、3相−単相マトリクスコンバータ(MC)、高周波変成器(HFT)、フルブリッジ(FB)コンバータ及び出力フィルタを備える。一実施形態では、FBコンバータは2つのレグの並列接続を有し、各レグは直列に接続された2つのスイッチで構成される。これらのスイッチの各々は複数のデバイスの並列及び/又は直列接続で構成し得る。入力フィルタはいくつかの形態(インダクタ−キャパシタ(LC)回路が提示されている)を有することができ、電圧及び電流の高調波成分を減衰するために必要であり、グリッドとの接続を可能にする。一実施形態では、入力フィルタはインダクタンス及び/又はキャパシタと直列又は並列に接続された一以上の減衰抵抗を備える単段又は多段のLCフィルタで実現される。MCはこのトポロジーの重要要素であり、変成器を給電するために3相低周波数グリッド電圧と単相高周波数電圧の間での直接AC−AC変換を実行する。変成器の巻数比はこのコンバータを広い電圧範囲のエネルギー蓄積装置に適用し得るように設計することができる。高周波数の使用は変成器の容積及び重量を大幅に低減し、よりコンパクトな変換システムをもたらす利点もある。FBは、AC−DCモードで動作するとき、HFTの二次側からの高周波数AC電圧を負荷(本例では蓄電池)用のDC電圧に変換し、DC−AC電力フローでは反対の動作をする。コンバータ出力の電圧及び電流リプルを低減するために、FBと出力端子との間に出力フィルタが付加される。一実施形態では、出力フィルタはインダクタンス及び/又はキャパシタと直列又は並列に接続された一以上の減衰抵抗を備える単段又は多段のLCフィルタである。
MCは電圧源により給電され、入力電圧の短絡を避けるために、一度に一つの入力相を図1の各バーP又はNに接続し得るのみである。他方、変成器の誘導性のために電流ILを直ぐに遮断することができないため、少なくとも一つのスイッチを各バーに接続しなければならない。これらの制約を考慮すると、3相−単相MCは9つの実行可能なスイッチング状態を有するのみである。表Iは許容スイッチング状態、変成器の一次側に供給されるそれぞれの電圧及びMC入力の電流を要約して示す。スイッチSxyの状態に関して、1はオン状態、0はオフ状態を表す。MCの各スイッチング状態は一つの入力電流空間ベクトルを規定する。これらのベクトルは電流SSVと称することができ、表1に示される。
開示の技術は様々なPCSに提供できる。
単方向電力コンバータとして、この技術はAC−DC変換にも、DC−AC変換にも使用することができる。主なDC−ACコンバータの用途は再生可能エネルギー源又は他の直流電流源からのエネルギーを収集するグリッドタイインバータ又はスタンドアロンインバータを基にし、ガルバニック絶縁を必要とする。AC−DC変換において、提案の技術は従来の充電装置及び電源にガルバニック絶縁とともに使用することができる。可能な用途の例には、太陽電力又は風力電力インバータ、工業設備用高電力DC源、及び電子機器、データセンタ、可変周波数ドライバなどのDCエネルギー源がある。
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Claims (14)
- 高周波変成器、
前記高周波変成器の一次側に接続された3相−単相マトリクスコンバータ、
前記高周波変成器の二次側に接続されたフルブリッジAC−DCコンバータ、及び
前記3相−単相マトリクスコンバータのスイッチ及び前記フルブリッジAC−DCコンバータのスイッチに接続された制御システム出力を有する制御システム
を備え、
前記制御システムは、
3相入力電圧Va,b,cのピーク値入力;
セットポイント入力電流変位φi;及び
電力フローを制御するために前記高周波変成器の一次側の電圧(Vp)と二次側の電圧(Vs)との間に適用される位相シフト入力Φ;
を備え、
さらに、
前記3相AC側の入力電圧空間ベクトルの角度α i を計算するように構成された位相検出器モジュール、
セットポイント入力電流変位φ i から角度α i を引き算することにより所望の位相角β i を計算するように構成された加算器モジュール、
入力位相角β i を含むセクタKを計算するように構成されたセクタ検出器モジュール、
前記セクタKに基づいてスイッチング空間ベクトルSSVを選択するよう構成されたスイッチング空間ベクトル選択モジュール、
前記位相角β i を前記セクタ内の角度θ i として正規化するよう構成された角度正規化モジュール、
前記角度θ i に基づいて2つの一般的スイッチング状態のデューティサイクルd 1 及びd 2 を計算するように構成されたデューティサイクル計算モジュール、及び
前記SSV、d 1 、d 2 及び位相シフト入力Φに基づいてオン/オフ信号を前記3相−単相マトリクスコンバータのスイッチ及び前記フルブリッジAC−DCコンバータのスイッチへ出力するように構成されたコマンド信号発生モジュール、
を備える、単段電力変換システム。 - デューティサイクルの計算は、変調周期を完成するためにゼロ空間ベクトルを含む、請求項1記載の単段電力変換システム。
- 前記フルブリッジAC−DCコンバータは2つのレグの並列接続を備え、その各レグは2つのスイッチの直列接続で構成される、請求項1又は2に記載の単段電力変換システム。
- 前記位相シフト入力Φにより課される出力電流idcを調整するように構成された電流コントローラを更に備える、請求項1−3のいずれかに記載の単段電力変換システム。
- 前記電流コントローラは、前記出力電流idcの基準を基準Vdc,refとDC側電圧Vdcとの比較に基づいて設定するように構成された外部制御ループを更に備える、請求項4記載の単段電力変換システム。
- 前記制御システムは、位相シフト入力Φを用いた電力計算、及び基準cos(φi,)refとcos(φi)との比較に基づいてAC側の力率を調整するように構成された制御ループを更に備える、請求項4記載の単段電力変換システム。
- 有効電力と無効電力をそれぞれの電力計算とそれぞれの基準値との比較に基づいて調整するように構成されたPQコントローラを更に備える、請求項1−4のいずれかに記載の単段電力変換システム。
- DC源からエネルギー収集するためのインバータとしての請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の単段電力変換システムの使用。
- 電池ベースの固定エネルギー貯蔵システムとしての請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の単段電力変換システムの使用。
- AC網とDC網の間のインタフェースとしての請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の単段電力変換システムの使用。
- 電気自動車電池充電装置としての請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の単段電力変換システムの使用。
- 前記充電装置がオンボード又はオフボードである、請求項11に記載の単段電力変換システムの使用。
- 請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の単段電力変換システムを備える分散エネルギー貯蔵システム。
- 請求項1−7のいずれかに記載の単段電力変換システムを備えるV2G(Vehicle−to−Grid)システム。
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