JP6517640B2 - Cultivation method of Bunashiji - Google Patents

Cultivation method of Bunashiji Download PDF

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JP6517640B2
JP6517640B2 JP2015176304A JP2015176304A JP6517640B2 JP 6517640 B2 JP6517640 B2 JP 6517640B2 JP 2015176304 A JP2015176304 A JP 2015176304A JP 2015176304 A JP2015176304 A JP 2015176304A JP 6517640 B2 JP6517640 B2 JP 6517640B2
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博一 藤澤
博一 藤澤
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仁実サポート 株式会社
仁実サポート 株式会社
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Description

この発明は、菌床栽培によるブナシメジの栽培方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for cultivating beech shimeji by fungal bed cultivation.

ブナシメジの菌床栽培では、栽培瓶に成分が調製された培地原料を充填し、殺菌・放冷した後の培地に種菌を接種し、菌床を培養した後に菌掻きを行い、芽出し工程及び生育工程を経て生長した子実体を収穫する。このブナシメジの栽培における培養の期間は、90日程度になっている。   In fungal bed cultivation of Bunashi mage, the culture medium bottle is filled with the culture medium material in which the components were prepared, and the culture medium after sterilization and cooling is inoculated with seed bacteria, and the fungal bed is cultured and then scraped, and sprouting process and growth Harvest fruit bodies grown through the process. The period of culture in cultivation of this beech shimeji is about 90 days.

きのこの菌床栽培では、種菌の製造期間や菌床の培養期間を短縮するなどのために、液体種菌を用いた栽培方法が導入されてきている。例えば、栽培瓶に培地を充填し、培地に液体種菌を接種し、培養工程および生育工程を経てきのこを収穫する液体種菌を用いたきのこの栽培方法であって、前記栽培瓶に培地を充填し、培地に植菌孔をあけた後、液体種菌を吐出するノズルを備えた接種装置を使用して、前記種菌孔の内面の略全面に向け液体種菌を放射するとともに、瓶口の培地の表面に向け液体種菌を放射して液体種菌を接種することを特徴とする液体種菌を用いたきのこの栽培方法(特許文献1参照)が、先に提案されている。   In mushroom bed cultivation, a cultivation method using a liquid seed fungus has been introduced in order to shorten the production period of the seed fungus and the culture period of the fungus bed. For example, a culture bottle is filled with a culture medium, the culture medium is inoculated with a liquid seed, the culture step and the growth step are carried out, and the mushroom is grown by harvesting the mushroom. Using the inoculating apparatus equipped with a nozzle for discharging liquid seed bacteria after drilling the inoculation hole in the culture medium, the liquid seed bacteria are emitted toward substantially the entire inner surface of the seed bacteria hole, and the surface of the culture medium in the bottle mouth A method for cultivating mushrooms using a liquid inoculum (see Patent Document 1) characterized in that the liquid inoculum is irradiated to inoculate the liquid inoculum has been previously proposed.

特開2003−158921号公報(第1頁)JP 2003-158921 A (page 1)

ブナシメジの栽培方法に関して解決しようとする問題点は、ブナシメジの液体種菌を栽培瓶に充填された培地に接種した場合、培養・熟成の後にエノキダケと同様の方法で菌掻きをしても発芽不良を起こし易く、ブナシメジの子実体を安定的に収穫できないことにある。   The problem to be solved regarding the cultivation method of Bunashi mage is that when the liquid seed fungus of Bunashi mage is inoculated into the culture medium filled in the cultivation bottle, poor germination is caused even if the fungus is scraped in the same manner as Echinochaki after cultivation and aging. It is easy to cause and can not stably harvest the fruiting bodies of beech stems.

そこで本発明の目的は、ブナシメジの液体種菌を栽培瓶に充填された培地に接種した場合の発芽不良を防止するブナシメジの栽培方法を提供することにある。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating beech mushroom that prevents poor germination when the liquid seed fungus of beech mushroom is inoculated into a culture medium filled in a culture bottle.

本発明は、上記目的を達成するために次の構成を備える。
本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法の一形態によれば、ブナシメジの液体種菌を、栽培瓶に培地材料を充填して殺菌することで設けられた培地に接種する工程と、前記液体種菌が接種された前記培地の上面を、殺菌された培地材料で、培地上層が形成されるように覆い、ブナシメジの菌床を培養する工程とを有することを特徴とする。
The present invention comprises the following configuration to achieve the above object.
According to one aspect of the method for cultivating beech shimeji according to the present invention, a step of inoculating a culture medium provided by filling the culture medium material into the cultivation jar and sterilizing the liquid seed fungus of beech shimeji and inoculating the liquid seed microbe And covering the upper surface of the culture medium with the sterilized culture medium material so that the culture medium upper layer is formed, and cultivating the fungus bed of beech shimeji.

また、本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法の一形態によれば、前記培地上層を形成する培地材料が、前記栽培瓶に充填された前記培地の培地材料と成分の同じものであることを特徴とすることができる。   Further, according to one aspect of the method for cultivating beech shimeji according to the present invention, the culture medium material forming the upper layer of the culture medium is the same as the culture medium material of the culture medium filled in the culture bottle and the same components. can do.

また、本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法の一形態によれば、前記ブナシメジの菌床を培養する工程おいて、前記培地上層を圧迫するように、ブナシメジ栽培用のキャップを前記栽培瓶の瓶口に嵌めることを特徴とすることができる。 Also, according to an embodiment of the method of cultivating Bunashimeji according to the present invention, Oite the step of culturing the bacteria bed of the Bunashimeji, so as to compress said media layer, bottles of the culture bottle cap for Bunashimeji cultivation It can be characterized by fitting in the mouth.

本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法によれば、ブナシメジの液体種菌を栽培瓶に充填された培地に接種した場合の発芽不良を防止できるという特別有利な効果を奏する。   According to the method for cultivating beech shimeji according to the present invention, it is possible to achieve the special advantageous effect of being able to prevent the poor germination when the liquid seed fungus of beech shimeji is inoculated into the culture medium filled in the cultivation bottle.

本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法の培地の形成例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the example of formation of the culture medium of the cultivation method of the beech shimeji which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法の培地上層の形成例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the example of formation of the culture-medium upper layer of the cultivation method of the beech shimeji which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法の培養工程の形態例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the form example of the culture | cultivation process of the cultivation method of the beech shimeji which concerns on this invention.

以下、本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法の例を、添付図面(図1〜3)に基づいて詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the example of the cultivation method of the beech shimeji which concerns on this invention is demonstrated in detail based on an attached drawing (FIGS. 1-3).

本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法では、ブナシメジの液体種菌を、栽培瓶10に培地材料を充填して殺菌することで設けられた培地20に接種する工程と、前記液体種菌が接種された培地20の上面を、殺菌された培地材料で、培地上層30が形成されるように覆い、ブナシメジの菌床を培養する工程とを有する。この培養工程によれば、ブナシメジの液体種菌が接種された培地20において菌糸が生長して好適に培養されると共に、培地上層30でも好適に菌糸が生長して培養される。   In the cultivation method of beech shimeji according to the present invention, a step of inoculating a culture medium 20 provided by sterilizing the culture material with the liquid seed fungus of beech shimeji by filling the culture bottle 10 with the medium material, and the culture medium 20 inoculated with the liquid seed fungus And covering the upper surface of the medium with the sterilized medium material so that the medium upper layer 30 is formed, and culturing the fungus bed of Bunashimeji. According to this culture step, hyphae grow and are suitably cultured in the medium 20 inoculated with liquid seed fungus of beech shimeji, and hyphae are suitably grown and cultured also in the medium upper layer 30.

このブナシメジの栽培方法によれば、ブナシメジの液体種菌を栽培瓶10に充填された培地20に接種した場合の発芽不良を防止でき、従来の固体種菌を用いた場合と同等の収穫量の子実体を得ることができた。そして、培養期間を、2割程度、短縮することができた。また、この栽培方法に用いられるブナシメジの液体種菌は、固体種菌に比較して、非常に短期間で且つ均一に製造することができた。(すなわち、このブナシメジの液体種菌については、エノキダケの液体種菌などと、同等の効果を得ることができた。)従って、本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法よれば、ブナシメジの生産性を、画期的に向上できる。   According to the cultivation method of this beech mushroom, it is possible to prevent the poor germination when the liquid seed of beech mushroom is inoculated into the culture medium 20 filled in the cultivation bottle 10, and the fruit body of the same yield as the conventional solid seed is used I was able to get And, the culture period could be shortened by about 20%. In addition, the liquid inoculum of beech shimeji used in this cultivation method could be produced in a very short time and uniformly as compared to the solid inoculum. (Ie, the liquid seed fungus of this beech mushroom has been able to obtain the same effect as the liquid seed fungus of enoki mushroom etc.) Therefore, according to the cultivation method of beech mushroom according to the present invention, the productivity of beech shime must be determined Can be improved.

また、本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法において、前述した工程以外の他の栽培工程は、従来の方法と同等であり、培地材料や栽培施設について、従来の技術を、そのまま流用できる利点がある。   Moreover, in the cultivation method of beech shimeji which concerns on this invention, other cultivation processes other than the process mentioned above are equivalent to the conventional method, and there exists an advantage which can divert the conventional technique as it is about a culture medium material or a cultivation facility.

ところで、エノキダケの液体種菌を用いた栽培では、本発明に係るような培地上層30を形成しないで、液体種菌が接種されて培養された培地20の上面を、水圧による菌掻きや機械的な菌掻きをすることで、芽出し(子実体の発芽)が均一且つ適切になされている。このエノキダケの液体種菌を用いた栽培方法は、栽培期間の短縮を含めてメリットが多く、大規模な生産工場では、既に主流の栽培技術になっている。   By the way, in cultivation using a liquid seed fungus of enokidake, the upper surface of the culture medium 20 in which the liquid seed fungus is inoculated and cultured without forming the culture medium upper layer 30 according to the present invention By scraping, sprouting (germination of fruiting body) is made uniform and appropriate. The cultivation method using this liquid seed fungus of enokidake has many merits, including shortening of the cultivation period, and has already become the mainstream cultivation technology in a large-scale production plant.

これに対して、ブナシメジについては、上記のエノキダケと同様の培地上層30を形成しない方法で、培養工程、菌掻き工程及び芽出し工程を行うと、子実体の発芽が不揃いであったり、子実体の生長が不十分になったりするなど、生産性が極めて悪くなる。このことが、液体種菌を用いた栽培技術が、ブナシメジの栽培に採用されていない大きな要因になっている。   On the other hand, with respect to beech shimeji, when the culture step, the scraping step and the sprouting step are carried out by a method not forming the culture medium upper layer 30 similar to the above-mentioned enokidake, the germination of the fruiting body is irregular or the fruiting body Productivity becomes extremely poor, such as insufficient growth. This is a major factor that cultivation techniques using liquid seed bacteria have not been adopted for cultivation of beech stems.

なお、ブナシメジの液体種菌の製造は、液体培地を用いてエアレーションによって培養するもので、エノキダケの液体種菌を製造する方法と同様に行うことができる。   In addition, manufacture of the liquid inoculum of beech shimeji is culture | cultivated by aeration using a liquid culture medium, It can carry out similarly to the method of manufacturing the liquid inoculum of an enoki mushroom.

また、本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法では、培地上層30を形成する培地材料が、栽培瓶10に充填された培地20の培地材料と成分の同じものであると、さらに効果的に栽培できる。これによれば、子実体の原基の形成(発芽)を好適に促すことができると共に、培地上層30を形成する培地材料を容易に調達できる。但し、両培地材料が厳密に同じ成分である必要はない。なお、培地材料とは、水分を含むもので、きのこ培地の含水率は、例えば66〜68%程度に設定される場合が多い。   Further, in the method for cultivating beech shimeji according to the present invention, the culture medium material forming the culture medium upper layer 30 can be cultivated more effectively if the culture medium material of the culture medium 20 filled in the culture bottle 10 is the same as the culture medium material. According to this, the formation (germination) of the primordia of the fruiting body can be suitably promoted, and the culture medium material forming the culture medium upper layer 30 can be easily procured. However, both media materials do not have to be exactly the same components. The medium material contains water, and the moisture content of the mushroom medium is often set to, for example, about 66 to 68%.

また、本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法では、図3に示すように、前述のブナシメジの菌床を培養する工程おいて、培地上層30を圧迫するように、ブナシメジ栽培用のキャップ50を栽培瓶10の瓶口11に嵌めると、さらに効果的に栽培できる。本形態例では、培地上層30の中央部を圧迫する形態のキャップ50になっている。これによれば、子実体の発芽を好適に促すことができる。   Moreover, in the cultivation method of beech shimeji according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, in the step of culturing the fungus bed of beech shimeji mentioned above, the cap 50 for beech shimeji cultivation is grown in a bottle so as to press the culture medium upper layer 30. If it fits in the bottle neck 11 of 10, it can grow more effectively. In the present embodiment, the cap 50 is configured to press the central portion of the culture medium upper layer 30. According to this, it is possible to preferably promote germination of the fruiting body.

本発明に係るブナシメジの栽培方法で用いる菌掻きの方法は、固体種菌を用いる従来のブナシメジに係る方法と同様に、まんじゅう掻き、或いは平掻きと呼ばれる方法を用いればよい。これによって、子実体の発芽を好適に促すことができる。   The method of scum scraping used in the method for cultivating beech mushroom according to the present invention may use a method called scum scraping or plain scraping, as in the method according to the conventional beech stemming using a solid seed fungus. Thus, germination of the fruiting body can be suitably promoted.

本形態例において、液体種菌が接種された培地20の上面を覆って培地上層30を形成する際の培地材料は、培地20と同様に殺菌されたものである。すなわち、本形態例の培地上層30用の培地材料は、従来の固体種菌のようなブナシメジの菌が培養されたものではない。但し、例えば、液体種菌が噴霧されるなどして、種菌が接種されて培養される前の培地材料であって、培地上層30を形成するために、ほぐされて粉粒状になったものでもよい。   In the present embodiment, the medium material when the upper layer 30 is formed by covering the upper surface of the medium 20 inoculated with the liquid inoculum is sterilized in the same manner as the medium 20. That is, the culture medium material for the culture medium upper layer 30 of the present embodiment is not a culture of Buna shimeji fungus like a conventional solid seed fungus. However, for example, the medium material may be a medium material before the inoculum is inoculated and cultured by spraying a liquid inoculum or the like, and may be loosened and formed into powdery particles to form the upper layer 30 of the medium. .

次に、図1〜3に基づいて、培地20の充填の程度や形態、及び培地上層30の形態や充填の程度について説明する。   Next, the degree and form of filling of the culture medium 20, and the form and degree of filling of the culture medium upper layer 30 will be described based on FIGS.

培地20の栽培瓶10に対する充填の程度は、従来の固体種菌を培地20に接種する際と同様に行えばよく、瓶口11の上端から、例えば、1〜2cm程度の深さに培地20の上面が位置するようにするとよい。また、一つ又は複数に形成された接種孔21を設けること(本形態例では複数)で、液体種菌が、栽培瓶10内の培地20により均一に行き渡って、菌まわりが促進されるように形成されているとよい。   The degree of filling of the culture medium 20 into the culture bottle 10 may be carried out in the same manner as in the case of inoculating the conventional solid inoculum into the culture medium 20, and the depth of the culture medium 20 is about 1 to 2 cm from the upper end of the bottle opening 11, for example. The upper surface should be positioned. In addition, by providing the inoculating holes 21 formed in one or more (a plurality in this embodiment), the liquid seed fungus is uniformly spread by the culture medium 20 in the culture bottle 10 so that the periphery of the fungus is promoted. It should be formed.

培地上層30として瓶口11充填される培地材料は、栽培瓶10に充填・殺菌されて設けられる培地20と同一のもので、栽培瓶10に詰められた状態で供給され、それをほぐして粉粒状として用いるようにしてもよい。これによれば、従来の固体種菌を培地20に接種する際と同様の方法及び機械設備によって、栽培瓶10の瓶口11上部に、培地材料を充填して培地上層30を形成できる。また、培地上層30は、例えば、瓶口11の上端にすり切りになって、1〜2cm程度の深さになるように充填されるとよい。   The culture medium material to be filled in the bottle neck 11 as the culture medium upper layer 30 is the same as the culture medium 20 to be filled and sterilized in the culture bottle 10, supplied in the state packed in the culture bottle 10, loosened and powdered. It may be used as granular. According to this, the medium upper layer 30 can be formed by filling the culture medium material in the upper portion of the bottle opening 11 of the cultivation bottle 10 by the same method and machinery as the conventional solid seed inoculum is inoculated into the medium 20. In addition, the upper layer 30 of the culture medium may be, for example, ground at the upper end of the bottle neck 11 and filled so as to have a depth of about 1 to 2 cm.

以上、本発明につき好適な形態例を挙げて種々説明してきたが、本発明はこの形態例に限定されるものではなく、発明の精神を逸脱しない範囲内で多くの改変を施し得るのは勿論のことである。   Although the present invention has been variously described with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is

10 栽培瓶
11 瓶口
20 培地
21 接種孔
30 培地上層
50 キャップ
10 cultivation bottle 11 jar 20 culture medium 21 inoculation hole 30 culture medium upper layer 50 cap

Claims (3)

ブナシメジの液体種菌を、栽培瓶に培地材料を充填して殺菌することで設けられた培地に接種する工程と、前記液体種菌が接種された前記培地の上面を、殺菌された培地材料で、培地上層が形成されるように覆い、ブナシメジの菌床を培養する工程とを有することを特徴とするブナシメジの栽培方法。   A step of inoculating a culture medium provided with a culture material with the liquid seed fungus of Bunashimeji, and inoculating the medium provided with the culture material, and the upper surface of the culture medium inoculated with the liquid seed fungus is treated with the medium material sterilized; And a step of covering the upper layer so as to form a culture bed of beech shimeji. 前記培地上層を形成する培地材料が、前記栽培瓶に充填された前記培地の培地材料と成分の同じものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載のブナシメジの栽培方法。   The culture method for beech mushroom according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium material forming the upper layer of the culture medium is the same as the culture medium material and the components of the culture medium filled in the culture bottle. 前記ブナシメジの菌床を培養する工程おいて、前記培地上層を圧迫するように、ブナシメジ栽培用のキャップを前記栽培瓶の瓶口に嵌めることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のブナシメジの栽培方法。 Oite the step of culturing the bacteria bed of the Bunashimeji, said to compress the medium layer, the Bunashimeji of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fitting the cap for Bunashimeji cultivation bottle mouth of the cultivation bottles Cultivation method.
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