JP6502500B2 - イオン伝導体の充填特性に優れた多孔性支持体、その製造方法及びそれを含む強化膜 - Google Patents
イオン伝導体の充填特性に優れた多孔性支持体、その製造方法及びそれを含む強化膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6502500B2 JP6502500B2 JP2017532177A JP2017532177A JP6502500B2 JP 6502500 B2 JP6502500 B2 JP 6502500B2 JP 2017532177 A JP2017532177 A JP 2017532177A JP 2017532177 A JP2017532177 A JP 2017532177A JP 6502500 B2 JP6502500 B2 JP 6502500B2
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Classifications
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
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Description
気孔度(%)=(微多孔性構造が形成されたナノ繊維内の空気の体積/多孔性支持体の全体積)×100
本発明に係る強化膜は、優れた通気度及び多孔性を有する多孔性支持体を含むことによって、向上した効率性を有するので、燃料電池用高分子電解質膜または逆浸透フィルター用メンブレインに好ましく使用することができる。
PMDA(pyromellitic dianhydride)、ODA(oxydianiline)及びPDA(phenylenediamine)単量体100重量部及びアナターゼ型ナノTiO2である親水化添加剤5重量部をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノ繊維を製造した。その後、これをロールツーロール方式で移送させ、420℃の温度に維持された連続硬化炉で10分間熱硬化を行うことで、ポリイミドナノ繊維で構成された多孔性支持体を製造した。製造された多孔性支持体の特性を、下記の表1に示す。
実施例1と同様の方法で、下記の表1に示された特性を有する多孔性支持体を製造した。
PMDA、ODA及びPDA単量体をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
次いで、前記ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを、420℃の温度に維持された連続硬化炉で10分間熱硬化を行うことで、ポリイミドナノウェブを製造した。
一方、親水化添加剤であるアナターゼ型ナノTiO2をジメチルホルムアミドに添加し、攪拌して、親水化添加剤溶液を製造した。前記製造された親水化添加剤溶液に前記製造されたナノウェブを常温(20℃)で10分間浸漬した。その後、80℃の熱風オーブンで3時間以上乾燥させ、このような浸漬、乾燥作業を2〜5回行うことで、前記親水化添加剤を前記ナノウェブに含浸させた。
製造された多孔性支持体の特性は、前記実施例1−1と同一である。
PMDA、ODA及びPDA単量体をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
次いで、前記ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを、420℃の温度に維持された連続硬化炉で10分間熱硬化を行うことで、ポリイミドナノウェブを製造した。前記製造されたポリイミドナノウェブの両面の表面を、低温プラズマを使用して酸素気体を150sccmの流量でプラズマ処理チャンバーに投入した後、20Wで5分間プラズマ処理を行った。
製造された多孔性支持体の特性は、前記実施例1−1と同一である。
PMDA、ODA及びPDA単量体をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
次いで、前記ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを、420℃の温度に維持された連続硬化炉で10分間熱硬化を行うことで、ポリイミドナノウェブを製造した。前記製造されたポリイミドナノウェブの両面の表面を、RFスパッタを使用して、蒸着パワーは150Wに維持し、試片温度は200℃に固定して、10分間スパッタリングすることで、TiO2無機物層を形成した。
製造された多孔性支持体の特性は、前記実施例1−1と同一である。
PMDA、ODAとPDA、及びヒドロキシ基を含むジフェニル尿素単量体を50:45:5の重量比でジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。
製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。このとき、溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
次いで、前記ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを、420℃の温度に維持された連続硬化炉で10分間熱硬化を行うことで、ポリイミドナノウェブを製造した。
製造された多孔性支持体の特性は、前記実施例1−1と同一である。
前記実施例及び比較例1による多孔性支持体上に低粘度、中粘度、高粘度の溶液をそれぞれバーコーティング(bar coating)した。低粘度の溶液の場合に20〜30mm/s、中粘度の溶液の場合に20〜30mm/s、高粘度の溶液の場合に20〜30mm/sの速度でバーコーティングを行った。
次に、前記多孔性支持体の通気度の値及び気孔度を測定した。通気度の値は、通気度試験機(ASTM 0726−58)を用いて、水圧4.88インチで、空気100ccが、試験片1平方インチを通って流れる時間(秒)を測定した。すなわち、実施例及び比較例1による多孔性支持体で1平方インチの試験片を製造した後、これを、クランプ板の間に配置した。次に、シリンダーを落下させた後、ストップウォッチを用いて、水圧4.88インチで、空気100ccがシリンダーで移動するのにかかる時間を測定し、下記の表2に示す。
また、高粘度の溶液を含浸させた多孔性支持体の通気度の値を測定し、その結果も、下記の表2に示す。
Claims (11)
- ナノ繊維間に形成された微多孔性構造を有するナノウェブを含み、
前記微多孔性構造は、
気孔のサイズは0.01μm〜10μmであり、
通気度の値は0.31607〜7sec/100cc・airであり、
多孔性支持体の厚さは5μm〜50μmであり、
10,000cps以上の高粘度のイオン伝導体溶液に含浸後の通気度の値が含浸前の通気度に対して5sec/100cc・air以上の上昇を示すものであり、かつ
1〜1,000cpsの低粘度のイオン伝導体溶液に含浸後の通気度の値が含浸前の通気度に対して5sec/100cc・air以上の上昇を示すものである多孔性支持体。 - 前記微多孔性構造は、気孔度が50%〜90%であり、
前記多孔性支持体は、10,000cps以上の高粘度のイオン伝導体溶液に含浸後の気孔度が含浸前の気孔度の10%未満となるものである請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。 - 前記ナノ繊維は、前記ナノ繊維高分子100重量部に対して、親水化添加剤を0.1〜20重量部含むものである請求項1又は2に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノ繊維はポリイミドナノ繊維である請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ポリイミドの主鎖は、アミン基、カルボキシル基、ヒドロキシ基及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるいずれか1つの置換基を含むものである請求項4に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ポリイミドは、ジアミン(diamine)、ジアンヒドリド(dianhydride)及びヒドロキシ基を含む単量体に由来する構造単位を有する重合体におけるポリアミック酸のイミド化物である請求項5に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ヒドロキシ基を含む単量体は、ヒドロキシ基を含むジアニリン、ヒドロキシ基を含むジフェニル尿素、ヒドロキシ基を含むジアミン及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるいずれか1つである請求項6に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 厚さが5μm〜50μmであり、
10,000cps以上の高粘度のイオン伝導体溶液に含浸後の通気度の値が含浸前の通気度に対して5sec/100cc・air以上の上昇を示すものであり、かつ
1〜1,000cpsの低粘度のイオン伝導体溶液に含浸後の通気度の値が含浸前の通気度に対して5sec/100cc・air以上の上昇を示すものである多孔性支持体の製造方法であって、
電気紡糸溶液を製造するステップと、
前記製造された電気紡糸溶液を電気紡糸して、ナノ繊維間に、気孔のサイズは0.01μm〜10μmであり、通気度の値は0.31607〜7sec/100cc・airである微多孔性構造を有するナノウェブを形成するステップとを含む多孔性支持体の製造方法。 - 前記電気紡糸溶液を製造するステップは、ジアミン及びジアンヒドリドを溶媒に添加して製造されるものである請求項8に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 前記微多孔性構造を形成するステップは、
前記微多孔性構造を含むポリアミック酸ナノ繊維を製造するステップと、
前記ポリアミック酸ナノ繊維をイミド化させてポリイミドナノ繊維を製造するステップとを含む請求項8又は9に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれか1つに記載の多孔性支持体と、
前記多孔性支持体の気孔を充填しているイオン交換ポリマーとを含む強化膜。
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