JP6291713B2 - 発光素子実装用基体及びそれを備える発光装置、並びにリードフレーム - Google Patents
発光素子実装用基体及びそれを備える発光装置、並びにリードフレーム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6291713B2 JP6291713B2 JP2013052297A JP2013052297A JP6291713B2 JP 6291713 B2 JP6291713 B2 JP 6291713B2 JP 2013052297 A JP2013052297 A JP 2013052297A JP 2013052297 A JP2013052297 A JP 2013052297A JP 6291713 B2 JP6291713 B2 JP 6291713B2
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- emitting element
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- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
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- H01L24/97—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips the devices being connected to a common substrate, e.g. interposer, said common substrate being separable into individual assemblies after connecting
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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Description
図1(a)は、実施の形態1に係る発光装置の概略上面図であり、図1(b),(c)は其々、図1(a)におけるA−A断面,B−B断面を示す概略断面図である。また、図2(a),(b),(c)は其々、実施の形態1に係る発光素子実装用基体の概略上面図,概略下面図,概略側面図である。
図4は、実施の形態2に係る発光装置の一部を拡大して示す概略断面図である。図4に示す例の発光装置は、リード電極における第1及び第2凹面領域の主面に対する配置関係と、リード電極と樹脂成形体の関係と、が実施の形態1の発光装置と異なっており、それ以外の構成については、実質的に同じであるため、説明を適宜省略する。
リード電極及びリードフレームは、発光素子や保護素子に接続されて導電可能な金属部材を用いることができる。具体的には、銅、アルミニウム、金、銀、タングステン、鉄、ニッケル、コバルト、モリブデン、又はこれらの合金、燐青銅、鉄入り銅などの金属板に、プレスやエッチング、圧延など各種の加工を施したものが挙げられる。特に、銅を主成分とする銅合金が好ましい。また、リード電極及びリードフレームの母材は、単層で構成されてもよいし、複数の金属層を含む多層で構成されてもよい。単層のものが簡便で良い。さらに、リード電極及びリードフレームの表層には、銀、アルミニウム、ロジウム、金、銅、又はこれらの合金などの鍍金や光反射膜が設けられていてもよく、なかでも光反射性に最も優れる銀が好ましい。リード電極及びリードフレームの厚さは、任意に選択できるが、例えば0.1mm以上1mm以下であり、好ましくは0.2mm以上0.4mm以下である。
樹脂成形体の母材は、エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ変性樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、シリコーン変性樹脂、ポリビスマレイミドトリアジン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、などの熱硬化性樹脂、脂肪族ポリアミド樹脂、半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリシクロヘキサンテレフタレート、液晶ポリマー、ポリカーボネート樹脂、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリエーテルスルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルケトン樹脂、ポリアリレート樹脂などの熱可塑性樹脂が挙げられる。また、これらの母材中に、充填剤又は着色顔料として、ガラス、シリカ、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、珪酸カルシウム、珪酸マグネシウム、ワラストナイト、マイカ、酸化亜鉛、チタン酸バリウム、チタン酸カリウム、ホウ酸アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化亜鉛、炭化ケイ素、酸化アンチモン、スズ酸亜鉛、ホウ酸亜鉛、酸化鉄、酸化クロム、酸化マンガン、カーボンブラックなどの粒子又は繊維を混入させることができる。
発光素子は、発光ダイオード(Light Emitting Diode:LED)素子や半導体レーザ(Laser Diode:LD)素子などの半導体発光素子を用いることができる。発光素子は、種々の半導体で構成される素子構造に正負一対の電極が設けられているものであればよい。特に、蛍光体を効率良く励起可能な窒化物半導体(InxAlyGa1−x−yN、0≦x、0≦y、x+y≦1)の発光素子が好ましい。このほか、緑色〜赤色発光のガリウム砒素系、ガリウム燐系半導体の発光素子でもよい。正負一対の電極が同一面側に設けられている発光素子の場合、各電極をワイヤでリード電極と接続してフェイスアップ実装される。正負一対の電極が互いに反対の面に各々設けられている対向電極構造の発光素子の場合、下面電極が導電性接着剤でリード電極に接着され、上面電極がワイヤでリード電極と接続される。後述の保護素子の実装形態も同様である。また、発光素子の実装面側に、銀やアルミニウムなどの金属層や誘電体反射膜が設けられることで、光の取り出し効率を高めることができる。1つの発光素子実装用基体に搭載される発光素子の個数は1つでも複数でもよく、その大きさや形状、発光波長も任意に選べばよい。複数の発光素子は、リード電極やワイヤにより直列又は並列に接続することができる。また、1つの発光素子実装用基体に、例えば青色発光と赤色発光の2つ、青色発光と緑色発光の2つ、青色・緑色・赤色発光の3つなどの組み合わせの発光素子が搭載されてもよい。
接着剤は、発光素子や保護素子を発光素子実装用基体に接着する部材である。絶縁性接着剤は、エポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、又はこれらの変性樹脂やハイブリッド樹脂などを用いることができる。導電性接着剤としては、銀、金、パラジウムなどの導電性ペーストや、錫-ビスマス系、錫-銅系、錫-銀系、金-錫系などの半田、低融点金属などのろう材を用いることができる。
ワイヤは、発光素子の電極又は保護素子の電極と、リード電極と、を接続する導線である。具体的には、金、銅、銀、白金、アルミニウム又はこれらの合金の金属線を用いることができる。特に、封止部材からの応力による破断が生じにくく、熱抵抗などに優れる金線が好ましい。また、光反射性を高めるために、少なくとも表面が銀で構成されているものでもよい。
封止部材は、発光素子や保護素子、ワイヤなどを封止して、埃や水分、外力などから保護する部材である。封止部材の母材は、電気的絶縁性を有し、発光素子から出射される光を透過可能(好ましくは透過率70%以上)であればよい。具体的には、シリコーン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、TPX樹脂、ポリノルボルネン樹脂、これらの変性樹脂、又はこれらの樹脂を1種以上含むハイブリッド樹脂が挙げられる。ガラスでもよい。なかでも、シリコーン樹脂は、耐熱性や耐光性に優れ、固化後の体積収縮が少ないため、好ましい。また、封止部材は、その母材中に、充填剤や蛍光体など、種々の機能を持つ粒子が添加されてもよい。充填剤は、拡散剤や着色剤などを用いることができる。具体的には、シリカ、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、珪酸カルシウム、酸化亜鉛、チタン酸バリウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化鉄、酸化クロム、酸化マンガン、ガラス、カーボンブラックなどが挙げられる。充填剤の粒子の形状は、破砕状でも球状でもよい。また、中空又は多孔質のものでもよい。
蛍光体は、発光素子から出射される一次光の少なくとも一部を吸収して、一次光とは異なる波長の二次光を出射する。蛍光体は、例えば、ユーロピウム、セリウム等のランタノイド系元素で主に賦活される窒化物系蛍光体・酸窒化物系蛍光体、より具体的には、ユーロピウムで賦活されたα又はβサイアロン型蛍光体、各種アルカリ土類金属窒化シリケート蛍光体、ユーロピウム等のランタノイド系元素、マンガン等の遷移金属系元素により主に賦活されるアルカリ土類金属ハロゲンアパタイト蛍光体、アルカリ土類のハロシリケート蛍光体、アルカリ土類金属シリケート蛍光体、アルカリ土類金属ホウ酸ハロゲン蛍光体、アルカリ土類金属アルミン酸塩蛍光体、アルカリ土類金属ケイ酸塩、アルカリ土類金属硫化物、アルカリ土類金属チオガレート、アルカリ土類金属窒化ケイ素、ゲルマン酸塩、セリウム等のランタノイド系元素で主に賦活される希土類アルミン酸塩、希土類ケイ酸塩又はユーロピウム等のランタノイド系元素で主に賦活される有機物及び有機錯体等が挙げられる。また、上記以外でも同様の性能、効果を有する蛍光体を使用することができる。これにより、可視波長の一次光及び二次光の混色光(例えば白色系)を出射する発光装置や、紫外光の一次光に励起されて可視波長の二次光を出射する発光装置とすることができる。なお、蛍光体は、発光素子実装用基体の凹部底面側に沈降していてもよいし、凹部内において分散していてもよい。
保護素子は、静電気や高電圧サージから発光素子を保護するための素子である。具体的には、ツェナーダイオードが挙げられる。保護素子は、光吸収を抑えるために、白色樹脂などの光反射部材により被覆されていてもよい。
実施例1の発光装置は、図1に示す例の発光装置100の構造を有する、トップビュー式のSMD型LEDである。発光装置は、外形が略直方体である。発光装置は、発光装置用パッケージである発光素子実装用基体を備えている。発光素子実装用基体は、大きさが横3.0mm、縦1.0mm、厚さ0.52mmであり、正極・負極を構成する第1及び第2のリード電極に、樹脂成形体が一体に成形されて構成されている。この発光素子実装用基体は、マトリクス状に配置された複数の単一基体領域(複数組のリード電極)が吊りリード部で保持されて成る加工金属板であるリードフレームを、金型内に設置して、流動性を有する状態の樹脂成形体の構成材料を注入して固化、離型させた後、各基体に分離(個片化)することで製造される。なお、実際には、発光素子実装用基体の分離は、発光素子等の実装工程及び封止工程の後に行われる。
20…樹脂成形体(25…凹部側壁面)
30…発光素子
40…接着剤
50…ワイヤ
60…封止部材
70…蛍光体
80…保護素子
100…発光装置
200…発光素子実装用基体
300…リードフレーム(310…吊りリード部、350…単一基体領域(351a…第1主面、351b…第2主面、351ca…端面の第1凹面領域、351cb…端面の第2凹面領域、351cc…端面の中間領域、351cbe…延伸部、Q…最接近部))
Claims (11)
- 断面視において、第1主面と、前記第1主面とは反対側の第2主面と、前記第1主面に連続する第1凹面領域及び前記第2主面に連続する第2凹面領域を含む一端面と、を有するリード電極と、
前記第1主面の少なくとも一部と前記第2主面の少なくとも一部を露出させ、前記一端面の少なくとも一部を被覆して、前記リード電極と一体に成形された樹脂成形体と、
を備え、
前記第2凹面領域は、断面視において、前記第1主面に最も近い最接近部と、前記最接近部より外側に且つ前記第2主面側に延伸する延伸部と、を含み、
前記第1凹面領域は、断面視において、前記第2凹面領域の前記最接近部より外側であって、前記第1主面の端部から外側に設けられている発光素子実装用基体。 - 前記リード電極の前記一端面は、前記第1凹面領域と、前記第2凹面領域と、の間に、中間領域を含む請求項1に記載の発光素子実装用基体。
- 前記中間領域は、略平坦である請求項2に記載の発光素子実装用基体。
- 前記第2凹面領域の表面積は、前記第1凹面領域の表面積より大きい請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の発光素子実装用基体。
- 前記リード電極の前記第1主面側が発光素子実装側である請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の発光素子実装用基体。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の発光素子実装用基体と、
前記発光素子実装用基体に実装された発光素子と、を備える発光装置。 - 吊りリード部と、前記吊りリード部に保持された複数の単一基体領域と、を有する板状のリードフレームであって、
前記単一基体領域は、断面視において、第1主面と、前記第1主面とは反対側の第2主面と、前記第1主面に連続する第1凹面領域及び前記第2主面に連続する第2凹面領域を含む一端面と、を有し、
前記第2凹面領域は、前記第1主面に最も近い最接近部と、前記最接近部より外側に且つ前記第2主面側に延伸する延伸部と、を含み、
前記第1凹面領域は、前記第2凹面領域の前記最接近部より外側であって、前記第1主面の端部から外側に設けられているリードフレーム。 - 前記一端面は、前記第1凹面領域と、前記第2凹面領域と、の間に、中間領域を含む請求項7に記載のリードフレーム。
- 前記中間領域は、略平坦である請求項8に記載のリードフレーム。
- 前記第2凹面領域の表面積は、前記第1凹面領域の表面積より大きい請求項7乃至9のいずれか一項に記載のリードフレーム。
- 前記第1主面側が発光素子実装側である請求項7乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のリードフレーム。
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