JP6165133B2 - 高い高温貯蔵弾性率を有する二液型ポリウレア−ウレタン接着剤 - Google Patents
高い高温貯蔵弾性率を有する二液型ポリウレア−ウレタン接着剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6165133B2 JP6165133B2 JP2014511448A JP2014511448A JP6165133B2 JP 6165133 B2 JP6165133 B2 JP 6165133B2 JP 2014511448 A JP2014511448 A JP 2014511448A JP 2014511448 A JP2014511448 A JP 2014511448A JP 6165133 B2 JP6165133 B2 JP 6165133B2
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- polyurea
- urethane adhesive
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- isocyanate
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Description
これらの実施例では、特に明示的に指示しない限り、全温度はセルシウス度とし、全割合は重量により、特に注記しない限り、全結合はエポキシ系カーボングラファイト複合材料上とした。
出願のA部プレポリマー成分およびB部硬化剤成分の混合物を調製するための実施例に適用する1つの実験室法は、200mlカップ中に適量のA成分およびB成分を測定し、Speedmixer(商標) DAC 400 FVZ混合システム中2500RPMで2分間混合するというものである。あるいは、またより好ましくは、出願のA部プレポリマー成分およびB部硬化剤成分の混合物を調製するための実施例に同様に適用したのは、A成分およびB成分を個々に別々に並んでカートリッジにロードし、スタティックミックスチューブを通してポンピングして完全な混合を達成するというものである。
重ねせん断試験-ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物を、スタティックミックスチューブまたはミックスカップから直接適当な基板の片側に塗布する。重ねせん断試験は、1対の10×2.5cmクーポンの最後の2.5cmを重複させて、重複間に接着剤および.76mmガラススペーサービーズを有する長さ17.8cmの試料を作成することを要する。次いで、試料を、固まるまで周囲温度、19〜22℃で維持した二面固定治具間に置く。いったん固定治具から取り出したら、これを、周囲温度で24〜72時間維持し、この時に試料を、実用的用途を形成する交互の温度で評価する。重ねせん断試験を、0.127cm/分のクロスヘッド速度を用いてASTM D3163に従って行う。ASTM D3163は、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。特に注記しない限り、121の範囲のイソシアネートインデックスで全接着剤を調製した。
ポリオールおよび乾燥タルクを樹脂ケトルに添加し、密閉し、71℃に加熱し、全イソシアネートを添加する前に15分間混合し、次いで60分間混合して反応を完了した。この混合物に、-100kPaの真空下で30分間混合する前にヒュームドシリカおよび分子ふるいを添加した。最終生成物をガラスジャーに移し、乾燥窒素によりパージし、使用するまで保管した。
ポリオール、短鎖ジオール、乾燥タルクおよび芳香族アミンを樹脂ケトルに添加し、密閉し、71℃に加熱し、40分間混合した。この混合物に、-100kPaの真空下で30分間混合する前にピペラジンおよび触媒を添加した。最終生成物をガラスジャーに移し、乾燥窒素によりパージし、使用するまで保管した。
以下の表は実施例に使用する原料および原料の供給源を同定するものである。
比較例
Table 1(表2)に示す配合物は比較である。これらの配合物は、最初に2つのTgおよび-35℃で高い貯蔵弾性率または剛性を有する典型的な市販製品を作成し、次いで85℃貯蔵弾性率における望ましい改善がないより高い温度のTgおよびより低い-35℃貯蔵弾性率を除外する方法を示している(配合物7526-20A/B)。配合物96A/B、111A/B、110A/110Bおよび109A/Bは、プレポリマーのイソシアネート含量を体系的に減少させ、残念なことに引張り強さの減少および85℃弾性率の有意な改善はないというトレードオフはあるが、-35℃弾性率の正の増分減少をもたらす。整数混合体積比および121%の範囲内のインデックスを維持するために配合物を平衡させるためには残りの配合変更を要する。
85℃貯蔵弾性率を高めることの評価において、イソシアネートおよび充填剤の%を一定に維持しながら、当業者に既知の実用的構造特性アプローチを使用して、Table 2(表3)に示す配合物を用いていくつかの異なるアプローチを評価した。この実施例の全配合物は、5000の分子量のポリオールおよび9%のイソシアネート含量から調製した同一のプレポリマーを共有している。配合物51A/Bは、望ましい低い-35℃弾性率を示すが、望ましくない低い85℃弾性率を示す標準的な単一のTg系を表し、本開示の反復基準点である。配合物51A/85Bは、20%のPEP-550、テトラ官能性ポリオールを硬化剤に加えており、これにより-35℃弾性率では大きな増加が生まれるが、85℃ではほとんど望ましい増加は生まれていない。配合物51A/86Bは、20%のPluracol 355、テトラ官能性のアミンを開始剤とするポリオールを硬化剤に加えており、同様の負の効果を有している、すなわち-35℃弾性率は増加するが、85℃では有意な増加はない。配合物51A/88Bは、15%のヒンダード芳香族アミンジメチルチオトルエンジアミン(「DMTDA」)を硬化剤に加えており、これにより同様に-35℃弾性率の増加がもたらされ、85℃弾性率の約16から約26への増加がもたらされた。
Table 3(表4)に示す配合物では、イソシアネートおよび充填剤の%を一定に維持しながら、分子量を漸次増加させる。配合物52A/Bは3000の分子量のポリオールから、51A/Bは5000の分子量のポリオールから、27A/Bは6000の分子量のポリオールから、そして55A/Bはプレポリマー中9000の分子量のポリオールおよび硬化剤中6000の分子量のポリオールのブレンドから調製する。Table 3(表4)のデータは、分子量が変化する時、85℃弾性率、引張り強さまたはヤング率のいずれも明らかに変化しないことを証明している。しかしながら、ポリオール分子量が6000以上に増加すると、伸びが増加する傾向がある。
Table 4(表5)に示す配合物は、充填剤含量の変動間の関係を評価するものである。全体で20重量%の基準配合物51A/Bに対して配合物97A/Bで充填剤を完全に除去すると、-35℃弾性率は変化しないが、85℃弾性率は15.8から6.5MPaまで半分以上低下する。配合物101A/Bで充填剤を全体で31重量%に増加させると、51A/Bについての230MPaから3359MPaまでの-35℃弾性率の望ましくない大きな増加がもたらされる。85℃貯蔵弾性率は、充填剤を含まない6.5MPaから31%の充填剤を含む36MPaまで充填剤により大きく傾く。引張り強さおよびヤング率も、変化率は比較的低いが、充填剤含量により大きく傾く。充填剤が増加されるときに、伸びに変化はなかった。
Table 5(表6)に示す配合物は、分子量を5000に、イソシアネート含量を9重量%にそれぞれ維持しながら、DMTDAの濃度を漸次増加させることの効果を評価するものである。DMTDA濃度をB部硬化剤成分中9、15および18重量%から増加させた時、-35℃もしくは85℃貯蔵弾性率またはヤング率の明らかな変化はなかった。DMTDA濃度を増加させると、それぞれ引張り強さは4.9から6.7MPa、伸び%は115から167%にわずかに上に傾いた。
Table 6(表7)に示す配合物は、立体障害が少ない芳香族アミンを使用することの効果を評価するものである。配合物8A/10BはDMTDAの一部をジエチルトルエンジアミン(「DETA」)で置換しており、あまりに速く反応するので、二液型接着剤として使用するには非実用的で、額に注ぎ込むことができないような配合物をもたらした。配合物6A/BはDMTDAをN,N'-ジ-sec-ブチル-p-フェニレンジアミンで置換しており、低い-35℃および85℃貯蔵弾性率ならびに400%の高い伸びの両方を有する軟質生成物をもたらした。
優れた強度、小さいたるみ、高い引張り強さおよびヤング率、接着ならびに速い硬化という特性利点と、高温での剛性が改善した単一のTgの生成物を組み合わせたポリウレタン接着剤を作り出すという目的で、以下の統計学的に設計した実験を本発明による配合物に適用した。この設計は、各々2つのレベルの5つの異なる変数を評価する中心点を有する25要因実験であり、Table 7(表8)に示す。4つの変数はポリオール分子量5000;またはプレポリマー中9000の分子量および硬化剤中6000の分子量を使用する混合物、22または36重量%の充填剤含量、9または18%のDMTDA含量、ならびに5または9%のプレポリマーイソシアネート含量である。設計中の各配合物を、2つの異なるA:B比で評価して、第5の変数としてイソシアネート対ヒドロキシルインデックスを評価した。設計データを、MINITAB(商標)統計ソフトウェアおよびTable 8(表9)に示す(ここでは、.05未満の値が統計学的に有意である)「P」値に基づいて変数を除外する伝統的なルールを使用して全変数を当てはめることにより評価した。応答およびインデックス変数としての一次データ当てはめ使用85℃貯蔵弾性率を、任意の四または五方向相互作用がそうであるように取るに足りないものとして迅速に除外した。残りのモデルをTable 8(表9)に示す。要因当てはめにより、4つの残りの変数が有意であるのと同時に6つの双方向相互作用であることが確認される。予期しない驚くべき結果により、分子量、イソシアネート含量およびDMTDA、分子量、イソシアネート含量および充填剤%、ならびに最後に分子量、DMTDAおよび充填剤%の間に3つの三方向相互作用が存在することが確認される。図1に図表で結果を示す。
Table 7(表8)の結果に基づく配合物を、Table 9(表10)に示す。これは官能価および用途の強化のために追加の成分を含ませるときに、配合物内からの性能の範囲を証明するものである。33%の充填剤、9%のイソシアネート、18%のDMTDAを配合した配合物151A/81Bは、たるみ軽減添加剤としてピペラジンを加えている。配合物151A/82Bは類似であるが、DMTDAを9%に減少させている。両配合物は、13mmビーズで引き伸ばすと、5.5mm未満のたるみを示す。85℃貯蔵弾性率は18%のDMTDAを用いると326MPaであり、DMTDAを9%に減少させると137MPaに低下し、高温剛性を操作することの容易さを証明している。配合物178A/Bはイソシアネート含量を6.1%、充填剤を21%、DMTDAを17.5%に減少させており、R972ヒュームドシリカを硬化剤およびプレポリマーの両方に加え、トリエチレンジアミンおよび1,8-ジアザビシクロ(5.4.0)ウンデカ-7-エン触媒を硬化剤に加えて、それぞれ73MPaの85℃貯蔵弾性率および328MPaの-35℃貯蔵弾性率を有する非たわみ系を製造している。配合物114A/104Bは、7%のイソシアネート、18%のDMTDA、20%の充填剤を配合されており、R972ヒュームドシリカ、ピペラジンならびにトリエチレンジアミンおよび1,8-ジアザビシクロ(5.4.0)ウンデカ-7-エン触媒の両方を硬化剤に加えて、それぞれ50MPaの85℃貯蔵弾性率および246MPaの-35℃貯蔵弾性率を含む非たわみ接着剤を製造している。配合物174A/185Bは、イソシアネート含量を5.8%、DMTDAを17%にさらに減少させ、20%の充填剤を含むが、ピペラジンおよびトリエチレンジアミンを硬化剤に加えている。これらの変更により、それぞれ40MPaの85℃貯蔵弾性率および182MPaの-35℃貯蔵弾性率を有する系が製造される。
ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物114A/104Bおよび174/185B(Table 9(表10))を、一般的自動車仕様に対して、エポキシ系カーボングラファイト繊維複合材料に接着剤系として塗布した。これらの構築部品についての重ねせん断データをTable 10(表11)に示す。全3種の試験した試料は凝集破壊を経験した。データは、接着剤が最低要件を上回る能力および高温でかなりの強度を維持する能力の両方を証明している。
Claims (21)
- a)i.高分子イソシアネートを含み、イソシアネート成分の15重量%超のオリゴマー含量を有するイソシアネート成分と;
ii.5000〜12000の分子量を有するポリオール(前記ポリオールは、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、ブチレンオキシド、テトラヒドロフラン、スチレンオキシド、エピクロロヒドリンおよびこれらの組み合わせから重合したポリエーテルポリオールである)と、
iii. A部プレポリマー成分全量に対して20重量%〜44重量%の充填剤と
を含む82当量%〜95当量%のイソシアネート含量を有するA部プレポリマー成分と、
b)i.2の官能価および32〜600の分子量を有する低分子量ヒドロキシル化合物と、2〜5の官能価および5000〜18000の分子量を有する高分子量化合物とを含むポリオール(前記ポリオールは、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、ブチレンオキシド、テトラヒドロフラン、スチレンオキシド、エピクロロヒドリンおよびこれらの組み合わせから重合したポリエーテルポリオールである)と、
ii. 4,4'-メチレン-ビス-3-(クロロ-2,6-ジエチルベンゼンアミン)、メチレン-ビス-オルト-クロロアニリン、4,4'-メチレン-ビス-(2-クロロ-6-エチルアニリン)、1,2-ビス(2-アミノフェニルチオ)エタンおよびジメチルチオトルエンジアミンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の芳香族アミンと、
iii. B部硬化剤成分全量に対して20重量%〜44重量%の充填剤と、
iv.少なくとも1種の触媒と
を含むB部硬化剤成分と
を含む二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物であって、20MPa超の85℃貯蔵弾性率を有する、二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。 - 前記芳香族アミンが芳香族ジアミンである、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記A部のポリエーテルポリオールが2〜4の官能価を有する、請求項1または2に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記高分子イソシアネートが2〜10の官能価を有する高分子メチレンジフェニルジイソシアネートを含む、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記イソシアネート成分が単量体イソシアネートをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記A部プレポリマー成分がヒュームドシリカをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記A部プレポリマー成分、B部硬化剤成分、または前記A部プレポリマー成分およびB部硬化剤成分の両方が、3〜5Åの孔径を有する分子ふるいをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記B部のポリエーテルポリオールが2〜5の官能価を有する、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記B部硬化剤成分が最大30当量%のポリオールを含む、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記触媒が、トリエチルアミン、ベンジルジメチルアミン、トリエチレンジアミン、テトラメチルブタンジアミン、ジアゾビシクロウンデセン、酢酸第一スズ、オクタン酸第一スズ、ラウリン酸第一スズ、オレイン酸第一スズ、カルボン酸のジアルキルズス塩、例えば、ジブチルスズジアセテート、ジブチルスズジラウレート、ジブチルスズマレエート、ジブチルスズジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、ジラウリルスズジアセテート、ジオクチルスズジアセテート、トリアルキルスズヒドロキシド、ジアルキルスズオキシド、ジブチルスズジスルフィド、ジブチルスズジイソオクチルマレエート、ジブチルスズジラウリルメルカプチド、ジブチルスズジ(イソオクチルメルカプトアセテート)、ネオデカン酸亜鉛、鉄アセチルアセトネート、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記B部硬化剤成分が、一級アミン基、二級アミン基、または一級および二級アミン基の組み合わせを有するチキソトロピー形成アミンをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記A部プレポリマー成分の前記充填剤または前記B部硬化剤成分の前記充填剤が、タルク、雲母、カオリン、ベントナイト粘土、酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン、酸化鉄、硫酸バリウム、普通角閃石、角閃石、クリソタイル、カーボンブラック、炭素繊維およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 前記A部プレポリマー成分とB部硬化剤成分の重量比が1.25:1〜2.50:1である、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物。
- 各々が少なくとも1つの面を有する少なくとも2つの基板と、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物とを含む部品。
- 前記基板が、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、金属、ポリプロピレン、熱可塑性オレフィン、ナイロン、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエンスチレンおよびこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項14に記載の部品。
- 前記基板の少なくとも1つがカーボングラファイト複合材料である、請求項14に記載の部品。
- 少なくとも1つの面を有する第1の基板を用意するステップと、少なくとも1つの面を有する第2の基板を用意するステップと、請求項1に記載の二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物を用意するステップと、前記二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物を前記第1の基板、第2の基板、または前記第1および第2の基板の両方の面に塗布するステップと、前記第1の基板および第2の基板を、前記二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物を有する基板の1つの面が他方の基板の面と並置および接触するように整列するステップと、前記二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物を硬化させるステップとを含む、少なくとも2つの基板を結合する方法。
- 前記基板が、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、金属、ポリプロピレン、熱可塑性オレフィン、ナイロン、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエンスチレンおよびこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記基板の少なくとも1つがカーボングラファイト複合材料である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物をスタティックミキサーで塗布する、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記二液型ポリウレア-ウレタン接着剤組成物を塗布する前に前記面を処理しない、請求項17に記載の方法。
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US13/471,511 | 2012-05-15 | ||
US13/471,511 US8871891B2 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2012-05-15 | Two part polyurea-urethane adhesive with elevated high temperature storage modulus |
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-
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BR112013029349B1 (pt) | 2021-08-03 |
EP2709842A4 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
US20120295104A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
US8871891B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
CN104039852B (zh) | 2017-02-15 |
ES2715837T3 (es) | 2019-06-06 |
BR112013029349A2 (pt) | 2017-02-07 |
JP2014522426A (ja) | 2014-09-04 |
KR101903822B1 (ko) | 2018-10-02 |
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