JP6104926B2 - 発電システムおよび対応する方法 - Google Patents
発電システムおよび対応する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6104926B2 JP6104926B2 JP2014540071A JP2014540071A JP6104926B2 JP 6104926 B2 JP6104926 B2 JP 6104926B2 JP 2014540071 A JP2014540071 A JP 2014540071A JP 2014540071 A JP2014540071 A JP 2014540071A JP 6104926 B2 JP6104926 B2 JP 6104926B2
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- combustor
- temperature
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 85
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/08—Semi-closed cycles
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- F02C3/34—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
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- F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
- F02C7/141—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid
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- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0135—Pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0323—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid in a closed loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
- F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
- F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/05—Regasification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/07—Generating electrical power as side effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/80—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/06—Adiabatic compressor, i.e. without interstage cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/20—Integrated compressor and process expander; Gear box arrangement; Multiple compressors on a common shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
- F25J2260/80—Integration in an installation using carbon dioxide, e.g. for EOR, sequestration, refrigeration etc.
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
- F25J2270/904—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by liquid or gaseous cryogen in an open loop
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Description
・再循環圧縮機は液体ポンプであってもよい。
・エコノマイザー熱交換器を離れるタービン排気流は、再循環液体ポンプに入る前に熱交換器で液化することができる。
・熱交換器でタービン排気流から除去された熱を液体の天然ガス流に伝達することができ、このガス流を、冷却CO2液化温度との温度差によって定められる温度に加熱することができる。
・液体の天然ガス流は、加熱された高圧天然ガスの輸送パイプライン内への供給に適合する圧力で高圧LNGポンプ吐出物から回収することができる。
・CO2液化用熱交換器の高温端を離れる加熱された天然ガスの一部を、再循環させ、LNGポンプからの加圧されたLNG流と混合して、CO2凝固温度を10℃以内で超える温度で天然ガス流を生成し、かつCO2液化装置用熱交換器内のCO2流を液化するために使用することができる。
・液化CO2流は、CO2凝固温度の20℃以内の温度に過冷却することができる。
・液体CO2ポンプを離れる加圧された再循環液体CO2流は、CO2液化装置用熱交換器で0℃を超える温度に加熱することができる。
・本発電システム燃焼器のための天然ガス燃料を、高圧LNGポンプ吐出物から回収し、第2のLNGポンプで燃焼のために必要な圧力まで圧縮することができる。
・本発電システム燃焼器のための圧縮された液体燃料ガスは、乾燥した発電システムタービン排気の少なくとも一部の冷却、液化および過冷却による熱+燃焼器に酸素を供給する深冷酸素プラントへの空気供給物の少なくとも一部の圧縮熱を用いて、200℃を超える温度に加熱することができる。
・エコノマイザー熱交換器の低温端を離れる冷却されたタービン排気流を、CO2液化装置用熱交換器の高温端を離れる天然ガス流の一部と接触させて、熱交換器で0℃および10℃の間にさらに冷却することができる。
・0℃および10℃の間の温度の冷却されたタービン排気流を、液体水分離器および乾燥剤式ドライヤの組み合わせによって、−50℃未満の露点まで乾燥することができる。
・制御システムにより、天然ガスパイプライン圧力における2%を超える変動を引き起こすことなく、一体化されたLNGおよび発電システムへの供給から、別々に加熱されるLNG加熱器への供給に、加圧されたLNG流を素早く切り換えることができる。
・制御システムにより、第1のポンプが加圧されたLNGの供給ができなくなった場合に、本発電システムにおいてタービン入口圧力の5%を超える低下を引き起こすことなく、本発電システムへの加圧されたLNGを1つの供給ポンプから別の供給ポンプに素早く切り換えることができる。
・空気分離プラントへの供給物として使用される圧縮空気は、100℃乃至400℃の温度範囲にわたる圧縮熱を本発電システムから高圧再循環CO2の一部に伝達することができる。
・空気分離プラントへの供給物として使用される圧縮空気は、生成物酸素流に圧縮熱を伝達することができ、この酸素流は最大300℃の温度に加熱される。
・空気分離プラントへの供給物として使用される圧縮空気は、高圧発電システム燃料ガス流に熱を伝達することができ、このガス流は最大300℃の温度に加熱される。
・密閉サイクル冷却流体を熱交換器で使用して、空気分離プラントへの空気供給物の少なくとも一部をさらに冷却することができ、流体を冷却するために伝達された熱の少なくとも一部を使用して、CO2液化装置用熱交換器の温端を離れる高圧再循環CO2の少なくとも一部を加熱することができる。
・密閉サイクル冷却流体をさらなる熱交換器で使用して、空気分離プラントへの空気供給物の少なくとも一部を冷却することができ、流体を冷却するために伝達された熱の少なくとも一部を使用して、本発電システムのための高圧燃料ガスの少なくとも一部を加熱する。
NET発電システムで燃焼された天然ガス=380.4MW
=34.269mmscfd
NET発電システムで加熱された天然ガス=1095.9mmscfd
水浴加熱器のための天然ガスの節約=16.986mmscfd
1 燃焼器
2 出力タービン
3 タービン発電機
4 電気出力
5 液体CO2ポンプ
6 燃焼生成物流
7 加熱された第1のCO2画分流
9 加熱された第2のCO2画分流
10 酸化剤流
11 酸素生成物流
12 過熱された高圧再循環CO2側流
13 高圧再循環CO2側流
14 第1の高圧再循環CO2画分
15 タービン排気流
16 最初に冷却されたタービン排気流
17 低温熱交換器
18 液体水分離器
19 復水流
20 分離されたCO2ガス流
21 CO2液化装置用熱交換器
22 過冷却されたCO2再循環流
23 加圧および過冷却されたCO2再循環流
24 水浴加熱器
25 LNGポンプ
26 LNG排気流
27 浴燃料ガス流
28 浴スタック
29 第1の制御弁
30 総生成物パイプライン天然ガス流
31 浴加熱された天然ガス流
32 圧縮されたLNG流
33 LNGタンク
34 電気モータ
35 二次天然ガス熱交換器
36 第2の加熱された密閉サイクル熱伝達流体
37 二次冷却された熱伝達流体
38 総天然ガス流画分
39 LNG加熱用天然ガス画分
40 送風機
41 LNG燃料画分
43 圧縮されたLNG生成物流
44 予め加熱されたLNG生成物流
45 圧縮されたLNG加熱用天然ガス流
46 エコノマイザー熱交換器
47 空気分離プラント
48 LNG燃料ポンプ
49 第2の制御弁
50 LNGタンク排出流
51 第2に冷却されたタービン排気流
52 再循環CO2制御弁
53 第2の高圧再循環CO2画分
54 熱的に再生された乾燥剤式ドライヤ
55 乾燥したCO2ガス流
56 冷却用天然ガス流
57 総天然ガス流
62 高圧天然ガス燃料流
63 加熱された高圧天然ガス流
64 加熱された密閉サイクル熱伝達流体流
65 冷却された熱伝達流体流
66 追加のCO2熱交換器
67 予め加熱された高圧再循環CO2流
68 高圧再循環CO2流
70 高圧LNG燃料流
71 部分的生成物天然ガス流
77 CO2生成物流
100 タンク
101 ポンプ
102 水浴気化装置
103 フィルタ
104 バーナ圧力送風機
105 ボイルオフ送風機
106 ボイルオフ圧縮機
107 大気ライン
109 空気ライン
110 LNGタンクボイルオフライン
111 ボイルオフ圧縮機ライン
112 ボイルオフ流
113 NGバーナ燃料ライン
114 圧縮されたボイルオフNG流
115 生成物天然ガス流
116 総天然ガスパイプライン流
117 加圧された燃料ガス流
119 LNG供給ライン
120 バーナ
121 通気ライン
210a LNG供給物
210b 加熱されたLNG供給物
221 熱交換器
239 補助NG流
240 送風機
257 NG流
258 生成物NG流
Claims (37)
- 発電方法であって、前記方法は、
酸素およびCO2再循環流の存在下で炭素質燃料を燃焼器内で燃焼させて、複合燃焼生成物流を生成することと、
前記複合燃焼生成物流をタービンに通して発電し、かつCO2を含むタービン排気流を形成することと、
前記CO2を含むタービン排気流を第1の熱交換器に通して、前記タービン排気流から前記CO2再循環流に熱を伝達し、かつ冷却されたタービン排気流を形成することと、
液化天然ガス(LNG)流および前記冷却されたタービン排気流からのCO2を第2の熱交換器に通して、前記CO2を冷却および液化し、かつLNGを加熱および気化して、液化CO2流およびガス状の天然ガス(NG)流を形成することと、
前記液化CO2流を加圧して、前記CO2再循環流を形成することと、
前記CO2再循環流を前記燃焼器に通すことと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記CO2再循環流が、150バール(15MPa)以上の圧力で前記燃焼器に通される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記燃焼が、500℃以上の温度で行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記複合燃焼生成物流の圧力との前記CO2を含むタービン排気流の圧力に対する比が12以下である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の熱交換器に通されるLNGが、50バール(5MPa)乃至90バール(9MPa)の圧力にある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の熱交換器によって形成されたガス状のNG流の画分が取り出され、前記第2の熱交換器に通されるLNG流に投入される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記LNG流に投入されるガス状のNG流の画分が、前記LNG流の温度を、CO2凝固温度を超え、かつ前記CO2凝固温度の20℃以内の温度まで上昇させるのに十分である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却されたタービン排気流からのCO2が、前記第2の熱交換器内で、CO2凝固温度を超え、かつ前記CO2凝固温度の30℃以内の温度に冷却される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記CO2再循環流を加圧する工程が、前記CO2再循環流を液体ポンプに通すことを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記発電タービンが軸動力を生成し、かつ前記軸動力が前記液体ポンプを駆動させるために使用される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記液体ポンプを脱出する加圧されたCO2再循環流が加熱される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱が、前記加圧されたCO2再循環流を前記第2の熱交換器に通すことを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記CO2再循環流が、0℃以上の温度に加熱される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記炭素質燃料が、前記LNG流から得られるNGである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記LNG流から前記NGを得るために、前記LNGをLNGポンプ(25)及びLNG燃料ポンプ(48)に通すことを含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記第2のポンプを脱出するLNGが、200℃以上の温度に加熱される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱が、前記LNGを前記第2の熱交換器に通してガス状のNG流を形成することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱が、空気分離プラントからの圧縮熱を利用することをさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の熱交換器を通じる通過後かつ前記第2の熱交換器を通じる通過前に、前記冷却されたタービン排気流を第3の熱交換器に通すことをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の熱交換器を通じる通過が、前記タービン排気流を0℃乃至10℃の温度に冷却する、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記タービン排気流が、前記第2の熱交換器を脱出するガス状のNG流の画分と接触させて冷却される、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却されたタービン排気流を、液体水分離器および乾燥剤式ドライヤのうちの一方または両方に通して、前記冷却されたタービン排気流からのCO2を乾燥したCO2流として与えることをさらに含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 乾燥したCO2流が、−50℃以下の露点まで乾燥される、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記燃焼器に移動する再循環CO2流の一部が、空気分離プラントからの圧縮熱を利用して加熱される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記燃焼器に移動する再循環CO2流が、第1の画分および第2の画分に分離される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記燃焼器に移動する再循環CO2流の第1の画分が、前記燃焼器に直接投入される、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記燃焼器に移動する再循環CO2流の第2の画分が、前記酸素と混合されて、前記燃焼器に投入される酸化剤流を形成する、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記発電が、少なくとも60%の低位発熱量に関する総合効率により達成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 発電システムであって、
酸素およびCO2再循環流の存在下で炭素質燃料を燃焼させて、複合燃焼生成物流を生成するように適合された燃焼器と、
前記燃焼器と流体連通し、かつ前記複合燃焼生成物流を受け取ってCO2を含むタービン排気流を排出するように適合された発電用タービンと、
前記発電用タービンおよび前記燃焼器と流体連通し、かつ前記CO2を含むタービン排気流から前記CO2再循環流に熱を伝達して、CO2を含む冷却されたタービン排気流を与えるように適合された第1の熱交換器と、
前記第1の熱交換器と流体連通し、かつ前記タービン排気流中のCO2を液化するように適合された第2の熱交換器と、
液化されたCO2を前記燃焼器への再循環に適した圧力に加圧するように適合された再循環圧縮機と、
前記第2の熱交換器と流体連通している液化天然ガス(LNG)源と、
を備える、システム。 - 前記第1の熱交換器と前記第2の熱交換器との間に配置され、かつそれらと流体連通している第3の熱交換器をさらに備える、請求項29に記載のシステム。
- 前記第3の熱交換器が、前記第1の熱交換器の出口と流体連通している入口と、前記第2の熱交換器の出口と流体連通している入口と、前記第2の熱交換器の入口と流体連通している出口とを含む、請求項30に記載のシステム。
- 前記第3の熱交換器の出口と前記第2の熱交換器の入口との間に配置された1つ以上の水除去装置をさらに備える、請求項31に記載のシステム。
- 前記発電用タービンが、液体ポンプのための軸動力を提供するように適合されている、請求項29に記載のシステム。
- 前記液体ポンプが、前記LNG源と前記第2の熱交換器との間に配置され、かつそれらと流体連通している、請求項33に記載のシステム。
- 空気分離プラントをさらに備える、請求項29に記載のシステム。
- 前記空気分離プラントが、断熱性主圧縮機およびブースター圧縮機を備える深冷空気分離プラントである、請求項35に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の熱交換器が、一連の3つの熱交換ユニットを備える、請求項29に記載のシステム。
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US10415434B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 |
EA026826B1 (ru) | 2017-05-31 |
EA033615B1 (ru) | 2019-11-11 |
ES2574263T3 (es) | 2016-06-16 |
EA201790092A1 (ru) | 2017-05-31 |
US20170067373A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
CA2854402A1 (en) | 2013-05-10 |
US9523312B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 |
EP2776692B1 (en) | 2016-05-04 |
EP2776692A1 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
TW201337091A (zh) | 2013-09-16 |
BR112014010651A2 (pt) | 2017-04-25 |
WO2013067149A1 (en) | 2013-05-10 |
TWI616585B (zh) | 2018-03-01 |
KR20140104953A (ko) | 2014-08-29 |
AR088637A1 (es) | 2014-06-25 |
PL2776692T3 (pl) | 2016-11-30 |
CN104160130A (zh) | 2014-11-19 |
MX345755B (es) | 2017-02-15 |
BR112014010651B1 (pt) | 2021-02-09 |
US20130104525A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
HK1200895A1 (en) | 2015-09-11 |
CN104160130B (zh) | 2017-08-25 |
JP2014532833A (ja) | 2014-12-08 |
ZA201403385B (en) | 2019-11-27 |
CA2854402C (en) | 2020-03-24 |
AU2012332494B2 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
EA201400520A1 (ru) | 2014-10-30 |
AU2012332494A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
IN2014KN01081A (ja) | 2015-10-09 |
KR102044831B1 (ko) | 2019-11-15 |
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