JP6074731B1 - Cultivation scallops and scallop culture method - Google Patents

Cultivation scallops and scallop culture method Download PDF

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JP6074731B1
JP6074731B1 JP2016152824A JP2016152824A JP6074731B1 JP 6074731 B1 JP6074731 B1 JP 6074731B1 JP 2016152824 A JP2016152824 A JP 2016152824A JP 2016152824 A JP2016152824 A JP 2016152824A JP 6074731 B1 JP6074731 B1 JP 6074731B1
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武廣 根井
武廣 根井
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

【課題】成長に必要な十分な酸素濃度及び餌料量が実現でき、ホタテを従来よりへい死も少なく大きな貝に育成できるとともに、採苗器・養殖篭等の交換・洗浄に要する労力とコストを削減でき、採苗器・養殖篭等の洗浄汚水による水質環境の悪化を抑制可能とするホタテ用養殖篭を提供する。【解決手段】ホタテの稚貝を付着させる付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅが収納された第１空間が構成する付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅと、第１空間の下に連続して配置された第２空間であって、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅから落下した稚貝を受け止める底網２１〜２５を有する育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅと、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅと育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅの側面を連続して覆う側網２ａ〜２ｅとを備える育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅを上下に複数個連続し、最上段の育成ユニット１ａの上側に蓋網２０を配置し、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅに海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する防汚被膜が形成されている。【選択図】図１[PROBLEMS] Achieving sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth, allowing scallops to grow into large shells with less mortality than before, and reducing labor and cost required for replacement / cleaning of seedling equipment, culture culm etc. A scallop cultured culm that can suppress the deterioration of the water quality environment caused by washing sewage such as seedling containers and cultured culm. An adhesion chamber (11a-11e) is formed in a first space in which adhesion nets (10a-10e) for adhering scallop larvae are formed, and a second space is arranged continuously below the first space. The growth chambers 12a to 12e having the bottom nets 21 to 25 that catch the juvenile shells that have fallen from the adhesion nets 10a to 10e, and the side nets 2a to 2c that continuously cover the side surfaces of the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e. A plurality of rearing units 1a to 1e having 2e are connected in the vertical direction, and a lid net 20 is disposed on the upper side of the uppermost rearing unit 1a, and the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2a to 2e are in the sea. An antifouling film that suppresses the adhesion of organisms and dust is formed. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、ホタテを良好に養殖するためのホタテ用養殖篭及びホタテの養殖方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a culture scallop for well-cultivating scallops and a scallop culture method.

従来、青森県陸奥湾や東北地方の太平洋沿岸、北海道の各沿岸を中心としてホタテの養殖業が営まれている（特許文献１参照）。従来のホタテの養殖方法の一例として、青森県陸奥湾でのホタテの養殖方法の概要を、図３８のフローチャートを参照しながら説明する。まず、初年度の４月中旬〜５月中旬頃の期間ｔ１に、採苗作業が実施される。採苗作業では、採苗器を海中に吊るし、海中を浮遊しているホタテの幼生（ラーバ）を採苗器に付着させる。ラーバは海中の植物性プランクトンを主な餌として摂取して成長し、稚貝となる。   Conventionally, scallop aquaculture has been carried out mainly in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, the Pacific coast of Tohoku region, and the coasts of Hokkaido (see Patent Document 1). As an example of a conventional scallop culture method, an outline of a scallop culture method in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, seedling work is carried out in a period t1 from the middle of April to the middle of May in the first year. In the seedling operation, the seedling device is hung in the sea, and scallop larvae (rabber) floating in the sea are attached to the seedling device. Larva grows by taking phytoplankton from the sea as its main food and turns into juveniles.

５月中旬〜６月中旬頃の期間ｔ２に、間引き作業が実施される。間引き作業では、採苗器を船上に引き揚げ、採苗器に付着している過剰な稚貝を間引きするとともに、稚貝を捕食するヒトデやウミセミを駆除する。そして、間引き後の稚貝を元の採苗器に戻すか、或いは同等の新たな採苗器に移し替えて、稚貝を入れた採苗器を海中に吊るす。なお、水域等によっては、採苗器への稚貝の付着数が少なく、駆除すべきヒトデやウミセミも少ない場合等には間引き作業を実施しないこともある。   The thinning operation is performed during the period t2 from mid-May to mid-June. In the thinning operation, the seedling device is lifted on board to thin out excess juveniles adhering to the seedling device and to remove starfish and sea urchins that prey on the juvenile shellfish. Then, the juvenile shells after thinning are returned to the original seedling device or transferred to an equivalent new seedling device, and the seedling device containing the young shellfish is suspended in the sea. Depending on the water area, the thinning operation may not be performed when the number of juvenile shellfish attached to the seedling device is small and there are few starfish and sea urchins to be removed.

７月初旬〜８月中旬頃の期間ｔ３に、稚貝の採取作業が実施される。稚貝の採取作業では、採苗器を海中から引き揚げて、採苗器に付着した殻長８ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ程度に成長した稚貝を採取する。そして、採取した稚貝を、四角錐形状の座布団篭（パールネット）に個体数（収容密度）を調整しながら移し替えて、稚貝を入れた座布団篭を海中に吊るす。７月初旬〜８月中旬頃の夏場は気温及び海水温（２４℃〜２６℃程度）が高温となるため、稚貝の採取作業は一般的に深夜に船上で行われる。   From the beginning of July to the middle of August, tick collection work is carried out in the period t3. In the collecting operation of the juvenile shellfish, the seedling device is lifted from the sea, and the juvenile shellfish grown to a shell length of about 8 mm to 10 mm attached to the seedling device is collected. Then, the collected juvenile shellfish are transferred to a square pyramid-shaped cushion cushion (pearl net) while adjusting the number of individuals (accommodation density), and the cushion cushion containing the juvenile is suspended in the sea. In summer, from early July to mid-August, the temperature and seawater temperature (about 24 ° C to 26 ° C) are high, so the collection of juveniles is generally performed on board at midnight.

９月中旬〜１０月下旬頃の期間ｔ４に、１回目の稚貝の分散作業が実施される。１回目の稚貝の分散作業では、座布団篭を海中から引き揚げて、殻長２ｃｍ〜２．５ｃｍ程度に成長した稚貝を採取する。そして、採取した稚貝を、個体数を調整しながら、網目のサイズがより大きい座布団篭に移し替えて、稚貝を入れた座布団篭を海中に吊るす。   In the period t4 from mid-September to late-October, the first larvae dispersion work is carried out. In the first dispersal operation of the larvae, the cushions are lifted from the sea, and the larvae that have grown to a shell length of about 2 cm to 2.5 cm are collected. Then, the collected juvenile shellfish is transferred to a cushion cushion having a larger mesh size while adjusting the number of individuals, and the cushion cushion containing the juvenile shellfish is suspended in the sea.

初年度の２月初旬〜２年目の４月下旬頃の期間ｔ５に、２回目の稚貝の分散作業を実施する。２回目の稚貝の分散作業では、座布団篭を海中から引き揚げて、越冬して殻長５ｃｍ〜６ｃｍ程度に成長した稚貝を採取する。そして、採取した稚貝を、個体数を調整しながら、網目のサイズがより大きい円柱状の丸篭（行燈篭）に移し替え、稚貝を入れた丸篭を海中に吊るす。なお、２回目の稚貝の分散作業では、採取した稚貝の一部又は全部を耳吊りする場合もある。その後、２年目の９月中旬〜１１月下旬頃の期間ｔ６に、成貝用半成貝の分散作業を実施する。この際、座布団篭に付着した付着物の除去作業も実施される。   In the period t5 from the beginning of February of the first year to the end of April of the second year, the second dispersal of the larvae will be carried out. In the second dispersal operation of the larvae, the cushions are lifted from the sea, and the larvae that have grown to a shell length of about 5 cm to 6 cm after wintering are collected. Then, while adjusting the number of individuals, the collected juveniles are transferred to columnar round gourds with a larger mesh size, and the round gourds with juveniles are suspended in the sea. In the second dispersion of larvae, some or all of the collected larvae may be hung by ears. Thereafter, during the period t6 from the middle of September to the end of November in the second year, the distribution work of the semi-shells for adult shellfish is carried out. At this time, the removal work of the adhering matter adhered to the cushion cushion is also carried out.

２年目の４月初旬〜６月下旬頃の期間ｔ７に、殻長６ｃｍ〜７ｃｍ程度に成長したホタテを半成貝として出荷する。更に、２年目の７月初旬〜１２月下旬頃の期間ｔ８に、殻長８ｃｍ〜９ｃｍ程度に成長したホタテを新貝として出荷する。更には、３年目の４月初旬〜７月下旬頃の期間ｔ９に、殻長１２ｃｍ程度に成長したホタテを成貝として出荷する。このように、従来のホタテの養殖作業は、採苗から最終的な出荷まで足掛け３年に亘って実施される。   During the period t7 from the beginning of April to the end of June in the second year, scallops grown to a shell length of about 6 cm to 7 cm are shipped as semi-shells. Furthermore, scallops grown to a shell length of about 8 cm to 9 cm are shipped as new shellfish during a period t8 from the beginning of July to the end of December in the second year. Furthermore, scallops grown to a shell length of about 12 cm are shipped as adult shellfish during a period t9 from the beginning of April to the end of July in the third year. Thus, the conventional scallop farming work is carried out over three years from the seedling to the final shipment.

図３８に示したフローチャートにおける期間ｔ１の採苗作業及び期間ｔ２の間引き作業で用いる従来の採苗器としては、玉葱袋と呼ばれるポリエチレン製の網状の袋に、合成繊維や中古網（刺し網）を入れた二重構造が一般的に使用されている。しかしながら、採苗器には、ホタテの稚貝の他にも、キヌマトイガイやユウレイボヤ、ハイドロゾア、ネンエキボヤ等の海中生物や、海中を浮遊するゴミが多く付着する。採苗器に付着した海中生物やゴミは採苗器の網目を閉塞し、更には海中生物自体が海水中の酸素や植物性プランクトンを摂取するため、稚貝が必要とする海水中の酸素濃度及び餌料量が不足する。この結果、稚貝の成長が阻害され、更には稚貝のへい死率も増大する。   As a conventional seedling device used in the seedling operation of the period t1 and the thinning operation of the period t2 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 38, a synthetic fiber or a used net (stabbed net) is placed in a polyethylene net-like bag called an onion bag. A double structure containing is generally used. However, in addition to scallop larvae, many seedlings are attached to marine organisms such as kinuma toys, yellow oysters, hydrozoa, nenekiboya, and trash floating in the sea. Marine organisms and debris adhering to the seedling device block the mesh of the seedling device, and further, the oceanic organism itself consumes oxygen in the seawater and phytoplankton, so the oxygen concentration in the seawater required by juveniles And there is a lack of feed. As a result, the growth of juveniles is hindered, and the mortality rate of juveniles is also increased.

また、採苗器に付着した海中生物やゴミを除去するために、図３８のフローチャートにおける期間ｔ２の間引き作業時、期間ｔ３の稚貝の採取作業時、期間ｔ４，ｔ５の稚貝の分散作業時等に、採苗器や座布団篭を頻繁に交換・洗浄する必要があり、多大な労力と付着廃棄物処理等のコストがかかる。更には、採苗器や座布団篭の洗浄汚水により水質環境を悪化させる懸念がある。特に、青森県陸奥湾においては、４０年間の長期間に亘る洗浄汚水等による汚染により水質環境の悪化が著しく、国内８８箇所の閉鎖性海湾の調査においても特に底質の水質環境の改善が求められている。水質環境を改善するためには浚渫という手段もあるが、ホタテの養殖をしながらだと事実上困難である。   Also, in order to remove marine organisms and garbage attached to the seedling device, during the thinning operation for the period t2 in the flowchart of FIG. At times, it is necessary to frequently replace and clean the seedling device and the cushion cushion, which requires a lot of labor and cost for the treatment of attached waste. Furthermore, there is a concern that the water quality environment may be deteriorated by washing sewage of seedling containers and cushion cushions. Especially in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, the water quality has deteriorated significantly due to the 40 years of contamination by washing sewage, etc., and in the survey of 88 closed sea bays in Japan, improvement of the water quality of the bottom sediment is particularly required. It has been. To improve the water quality environment, there is a means of dredging, but it is practically difficult when scallops are cultivated.

特開２０１０−２４６４２０号公報JP 2010-246420 A

上記問題点を鑑み、本発明は、採苗器及び養殖篭への付着物の付着を抑制し、海水交換率を向上させることで、成長に必要な十分な酸素濃度及び餌料量が実現でき、ホタテを従来より大きく良好に育成できるとともに、採苗器や座布団篭の交換・洗浄に要する労力とコストを削減でき、更には採苗器や座布団篭の洗浄汚水による水質環境の悪化を抑制可能とするホタテ用養殖篭及びホタテの養殖方法を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above problems, the present invention suppresses the adhesion of deposits to the seedling device and the culture culm, and improves the seawater exchange rate, thereby realizing a sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth, The scallops can be grown larger and better than before, the labor and cost required to replace and clean the seedling devices and cushion cushions can be reduced, and the deterioration of the water quality environment due to the cleaning sewage of the seedling devices and cushion cushions can be suppressed. An object of the present invention is to provide a culture scallop for scallops and a scallop culture method.

本発明の第１の態様は、（a）ホタテの稚貝を付着させる付着網が収納された第１空間が構成する付着室と、（b）第１空間の下に第１空間と連続して配置された第２空間であって、付着網から落下した稚貝を受け止める底網を有する育成室と、（c）付着室と育成室の側面を連続して覆う側網とを備える育成ユニットを上下に複数個連続し、最上段の育成ユニットの上側に蓋網を更に配置し、少なくとも蓋網、底網及び側網に、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する防汚被膜が形成されているホタテ用養殖篭であることを要旨とする。そして、第１の態様に係るホタテ用養殖篭は再使用が可能であり、成長に必要な十分な酸素濃度及び餌料量が実現でき、ホタテを良好に育成できる。このため、採苗器や座布団篭の交換・洗浄に要する労力とコストを削減でき、更には採苗器や座布団篭の洗浄汚水による水質環境の悪化を抑制可能とする。   The first aspect of the present invention includes (a) an adhesion chamber formed by a first space in which an adhesion net for adhering scallop larvae is housed, and (b) a first space under the first space. A growing unit comprising a rearing room having a bottom net that catches the larvae that fall from the adhesion net, and (c) a side net that continuously covers the side of the adhesion room and the growth room. The top and bottom growth units are further arranged with a lid net, and at least the lid net, the bottom net and the side net are provided with an antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust. The main point is that it is a cultured scallop. And the cultured scallop for a scallop according to the first aspect can be reused, can realize a sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth, and can grow scallops well. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost required for replacement / cleaning of the seedling device and the cushion cushion, and further, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the water quality environment due to the cleaning sewage of the seedling device and the cushion cushion.

本発明の第２の態様は、（a）海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する第１の防汚被膜が形成された編地の採苗器を海中に吊るしてホタテの稚貝を採苗する第１の段階と、（b）採苗された稚貝を、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する第２の防汚被膜が形成された編地の第１の篭に移し替えて海中に吊るして稚貝を育成する第２の段階と、（c）第１の篭から採取した稚貝を、第１の篭よりも網目のサイズが大きく、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する第３の防汚被膜が形成された編地の第２の篭に移し替えて海中に吊して稚貝を育成する第３の段階と、（d）第２の篭から採取した稚貝が成長したホタテを産卵期前に出荷する第４の段階とを含むホタテの養殖方法であることを要旨とする。そして、第２の態様に係るホタテの養殖方法では、成長に必要な十分な酸素濃度及び餌料量が実現でき、ホタテを良好に育成できるとともに、採苗器や座布団篭の交換・洗浄に要する労力とコストを削減でき、更には採苗器や座布団篭の洗浄汚水による水質環境の悪化を抑制可能とする。また、第１段階において、採苗器に防汚被膜が形成されており、海中生物及びゴミの付着を防止できるので、ホタテの産卵が始まると直ぐに採苗器を海中に投入し、優良な稚貝を採取できる。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, (a) a scallop juvenile is seeded by suspending a seedling container of a knitted fabric formed with a first antifouling coating that suppresses adhesion of marine organisms and garbage. The first stage, and (b) the seedlings that have been harvested are transferred to the first ridge of the knitted fabric on which a second antifouling coating that suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage is transferred and suspended in the sea. And (c) a third stage in which juveniles collected from the first cocoon have a mesh size larger than that of the first cocoon and suppress the attachment of marine organisms and garbage. Transfer to the second ridge of the knitted fabric on which the antifouling coating is formed and suspend scallops from which the larvae collected from the second ridge have grown (d) The scallop cultivation method includes a fourth stage in which the scallop is shipped before the spawning season. In the scallop culture method according to the second aspect, sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth can be realized, scallops can be cultivated well, and labor required for exchanging and cleaning seedling containers and cushions The cost can be reduced, and furthermore, the deterioration of the water quality environment due to washing sewage from the seedling device and cushion cushion can be suppressed. Also, in the first stage, an antifouling film is formed on the seedling device, which can prevent the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage, so as soon as spawning of scallops begins to spawn, Shellfish can be collected.

本発明によれば、採苗器及び養殖篭への付着物の付着を抑制し、海水交換率を向上させることで、成長に必要な十分な酸素濃度及び餌料量が実現でき、ホタテを従来より大きく良好に育成できるとともに、採苗器や座布団篭の交換・洗浄に要する労力とコストを削減でき、更には採苗器や座布団篭の洗浄汚水による水質環境の悪化を抑制可能とするホタテ用養殖篭及びホタテの養殖方法を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve a sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth by suppressing the adhesion of deposits to the seedling device and the culture trough and improving the seawater exchange rate. Aquaculture for scallops that can be grown large and well, reduce labor and cost required for replacement and cleaning of seedling devices and cushion cushions, and can suppress deterioration of the water quality environment due to washing sewage of seedling containers and cushion cushions A method for culturing salmon and scallops can be provided.

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の一例を示す模式的な斜視図である。It is a typical perspective view showing an example of a culture scallop for scallops according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の一例を示す模式的な断面図である。It is typical sectional drawing which shows an example of the culture scallop for scallops concerning embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の支持枠の一例を示す模式的な平面図である。It is a typical top view which shows an example of the support frame of the culture scallop for scallops concerning embodiment of this invention. 図４（ａ）は、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の付着網に稚貝を付着させた様子を模式的に示す概略図であり、図４（ｂ）は、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の底網上に稚貝が落下した様子を模式的に示す概略図である。FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic view schematically showing a state in which juvenile shells are attached to the attachment net of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 (b) is an implementation of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows a mode that the juvenile has fallen on the bottom net of the culture scallop for scallops concerning a form. 本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法の一例を説明するためのフローチャートである。It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the cultivation method of the scallop which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法で用いる防汚被膜が形成された編地の採苗器の一例を示す模式的な概略図である。It is a typical schematic diagram showing an example of the seedling device of the knitted fabric in which the antifouling film used in the scallop cultivation method concerning the embodiment of the present invention was formed. 本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法で用いる防汚被膜が形成された編地の丸篭の一例を示す模式的な概略図である。It is a typical schematic diagram showing an example of a round knot of a knitted fabric in which an antifouling film used in a scallop culture method according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed. 図８（ａ）は、本発明の第１の実施例の１連当たりの付着物重量を比較例とともに示すグラフであり、図８（ｂ）は、本発明の第１の実施例のへい死率を比較例とともに示すグラフである。FIG. 8 (a) is a graph showing the adhering weight per station of the first embodiment of the present invention together with a comparative example, and FIG. 8 (b) is the mortality rate of the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows these with a comparative example. 図９（ａ）は、本発明の第１の実施例のホタテの殻長を比較例とともに示すグラフであり、図９（ｂ）は、本発明の第１の実施例のホタテの全重量を比較例とともに示すグラフであり、図９（ｃ）は、本発明の第１の実施例のホタテの軟体部重量を比較例とともに示すグラフである。FIG. 9 (a) is a graph showing the shell length of the scallop of the first embodiment of the present invention together with a comparative example, and FIG. 9 (b) shows the total weight of the scallop of the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph shown with a comparative example, and FIG.9 (c) is a graph which shows the soft body part weight of the scallop of the 1st Example of this invention with a comparative example. 本発明の第４の実施例に係る座布団篭、比較例に係る座布団篭及び使用前の座布団篭の写真である。It is a photograph of the cushion cushion according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the cushion cushion according to the comparative example, and the cushion cushion before use. 本発明の第４の実施例に係る座布団篭（シリコン処理座布団篭）の回収後の写真である。It is the photograph after collection | recovery of the cushion cushion (silicon processing cushion cushion) which concerns on the 4th Example of this invention. 本発明の第４の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭（無処理座布団篭）の回収後の写真である。It is the photograph after collection | recovery of the cushion cushion (non-processed cushion cushion) which concerns on the comparative example of the 4th Example of this invention. 本発明の第６の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭（無処理座布団篭）で回収された変形貝の写真である。It is a photograph of the deformed shellfish collect | recovered with the cushion cushion (non-processed cushion cushion) which concerns on the comparative example of the 6th Example of this invention. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭（シリコン処理座布団篭）の回収後の写真である。It is the photograph after collection | recovery of the cushion cushion (silicon processing cushion cushion) which concerns on the 8th Example of this invention. 図１４の一部を拡大した写真である。It is the photograph which expanded a part of FIG. 図１５の一部を拡大した写真である。It is the photograph which expanded a part of FIG. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（３０倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (30 times) of a part of fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（１００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (100 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（５００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (500 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（１０００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (1000 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の他の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（３０倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (30 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の他の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（１００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (100 times) of the other partial fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の他の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（５００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (500 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion concerning the 8th example of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の他の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（１０００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (1000 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on the 8th Example of this invention. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭（無処理座布団篭）の回収後の写真である。It is the photograph after collection | recovery of the cushion cushion (non-processed cushion cushion) which concerns on the comparative example of the 8th Example of this invention. 図２５の一部を拡大した写真である。It is the photograph which expanded a part of FIG. 図２６の一部を拡大した写真である。It is the photograph which expanded a part of FIG. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（３０倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (30 times) of a part of fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example of the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（１００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (100 times) of a part of fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example of the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（５００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (500 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to a comparative example of the eighth example of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（１０００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (1000 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to a comparative example of the eighth example of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭の他の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（３０倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (30 times) of the other partial fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example of the eighth embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭の他の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（１００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (100 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on the comparative example of the 8th Example of this invention. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭の他の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（５００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (500 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on the comparative example of the 8th Example of this invention. 本発明の第８の実施例の比較例に係る座布団篭の他の一部の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡写真（１０００倍）である。It is an electron micrograph (1000 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on the comparative example of the 8th Example of this invention. 本発明のその他の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の一例を示す模式的な斜視図である。It is a typical perspective view which shows an example of the culture scallop for scallops concerning other embodiments of the present invention. 図３７（ａ）及び図３７（ｂ）は、本発明のその他の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の支持枠の一例をそれぞれ示す模式的な平面図である。FIG. 37 (a) and FIG. 37 (b) are schematic plan views showing examples of the support frame of the scallop culture culm according to another embodiment of the present invention. 青森県陸奥湾における従来のホタテの養殖方法を説明するためのフローチャートである。It is a flowchart for demonstrating the conventional scallop culture method in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture.

本発明者らは、採苗器内の海水中の酸素濃度及び餌料量が、採苗器外の海水中と比較してそれぞれ４０％減少したという調査結果を得た。また、採苗器に付着した稚貝は、殻長８ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ程度に成長すると付着力が弱まり自然に採苗器の網から外れて落下する。このため、採苗器の引き揚げ時期が適切でないと、落下した稚貝が採苗器の底に溜まり、稚貝が窒息して大量にへい死する可能性があるという知見を得た。   The present inventors obtained a survey result that the oxygen concentration in the seawater in the seedling device and the amount of food were each reduced by 40% compared to the seawater outside the seedling device. Further, when the juvenile shellfish attached to the seedling device grows to a shell length of about 8 mm to 10 mm, the adhesive force is weakened and falls off the net of the seedling device naturally. For this reason, if the raising time of the seedling device was not appropriate, the fallen larvae collected on the bottom of the seedling device, and the larvae could suffocate and die in large quantities.

上記知見を鑑み、図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態を以下において説明する。以下の説明で参照する図面の記載において、同一又は類似の部分には同一又は類似の符号を付している。ただし、図面は模式的なものであり、厚みと平面寸法との関係、各層の厚みの比率等は現実のものとは異なることに留意すべきである。したがって、具体的な厚みや寸法は以下の説明を参酌して判断すべきものである。また、図面相互間においても互いの寸法の関係や比率が異なる部分が含まれていることは勿論である。更に、以下に示す実施形態は、本発明の技術的思想を具体化するためのホタテ用養殖篭やホタテの養殖方法を例示するものであって、本発明の技術的思想は、構成部品の材質や、それらの形状、構造、配置等を下記のものに特定するものでない。本発明の技術的思想は、特許請求の範囲に記載された請求項が規定する技術的範囲内において、種々の変更を加えることができる。   In view of the above knowledge, embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings referred to in the following description, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic, and the relationship between the thickness and the planar dimensions, the ratio of the thickness of each layer, and the like are different from the actual ones. Therefore, specific thicknesses and dimensions should be determined in consideration of the following description. Moreover, it is a matter of course that portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios are included between the drawings. Further, the embodiment described below exemplifies a culture scallop for scallop and a scallop cultivation method for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention is a material of a component. Further, the shape, structure, arrangement, etc. thereof are not specified as follows. The technical idea of the present invention can be variously modified within the technical scope defined by the claims described in the claims.

また、本明細書において、「上側」「下側」等の「上」「下」の定義は、図示した断面図上の単なる表現上の問題であって、例えば、ホタテ用養殖篭の方位を９０°変えて観察すれば「上」「下」の称呼は、「左」「右」になり、１８０°変えて観察すれば「上」「下」の称呼の関係は逆になることは勿論である。   Further, in this specification, the definitions of “upper” and “lower” such as “upper” and “lower” are merely representational problems on the illustrated cross-sectional view. If the observation is changed by 90 °, the designations “upper” and “lower” become “left” and “right”, and if the observation is changed by 180 °, the relationship between the designations “upper” and “lower” is of course reversed. It is.

＜ホタテ用養殖篭の構成＞
本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭は、図１及び図２に示すように、ホタテの稚貝を付着させる付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅが収納された空間（第１空間）が構成する付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅと、第１空間の下に第１空間と連続して配置された空間（第２空間）であって、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅから落下した稚貝を受け止める底網２１〜２５を有する育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅと、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅと育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅの側面を連続して覆う側網２ａ〜２ｅとを備える育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅを上下に複数個（５つ）連続し、最上段の育成ユニット１ａの上側に蓋網２０を更に配置して構成される。なお、図１においては便宜的に、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅと育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅの側面を連続して覆う側網２ａ〜２ｅの輪郭のみを図示し、側網２ａ〜２ｅの網目模様を省略している。 <Composition of cultured scallops>
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention has an adhesion chamber formed by a space (first space) in which adhesion nets 10 a to 10 e for adhering scallop larvae are accommodated. 11a to 11e, and a space (second space) that is arranged continuously with the first space under the first space, and has bottom nets 21 to 25 that catch the juveniles that fall from the attached nets 10a to 10e. A plurality (five) of continuous growth units 1a to 1e each including a growth chamber 12a to 12e, an adhesion chamber 11a to 11e, and side nets 2a to 2e that continuously cover the side surfaces of the growth chambers 12a to 12e, A lid network 20 is further arranged on the upper side of the uppermost growth unit 1a. In FIG. 1, for convenience, only the outlines of the side nets 2a to 2e that continuously cover the side surfaces of the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e are shown, and the mesh patterns of the side nets 2a to 2e are omitted. doing.

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅは、例えばポリエチレン等からなる。本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅには、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する撥水性の防汚被膜が形成されている。防汚被膜の厚さは例えば１μｍ〜２００μｍ程度である。防汚被膜は、例えば蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅ等をジメチルシリコーン等を含むアクリル樹脂塗料（防汚塗料）等に浸漬すること等により形成可能である。   The lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2 a to 2 e of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention are made of, for example, polyethylene. A water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust is formed on the lid net 20, bottom nets 21 to 25, and side nets 2a to 2e of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention. . The thickness of the antifouling coating is, for example, about 1 μm to 200 μm. The antifouling film can be formed, for example, by immersing the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, the side nets 2a to 2e, etc. in an acrylic resin paint (antifouling paint) containing dimethyl silicone or the like.

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭は、図１及び図２に示すように海中に吊るした状態では略円柱状となる。最上段の育成ユニット１ａの上端から最下段の育成ユニット１ｅの下端までの高さＨ１が２ｍ程度、直径Ｄ１が０．５ｍ程度である。付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅ及び育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅのそれぞれの高さＨ２，Ｈ３は０．２ｍ程度である。付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅ及び育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅは、支持枠３０〜４０により互いに区画されている。なお、図２において、支持枠３１，３３，３５，３７，３９により区画される各育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅの付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅ及び育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅの境界部分を破線で示している。   The culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention has a substantially cylindrical shape when suspended in the sea as shown in FIGS. The height H1 from the upper end of the uppermost growth unit 1a to the lower end of the lowermost growth unit 1e is about 2 m, and the diameter D1 is about 0.5 m. The heights H2 and H3 of the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e are about 0.2 m. The adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e are separated from each other by support frames 30 to 40. In addition, in FIG. 2, the boundary part of the adhesion chambers 11a-11e and the growth chambers 12a-12e of each growth unit 1a-1e divided by the support frames 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 is shown with the broken line.

支持枠３０は、図３に示すように、環状の支持部３０ａと、環状の支持部３０ａに連結した２本の十字状の支持部３０ｂ，３０ｃを有する。環状の支持部３０ａ及び十字状の支持部３０ｂ，３０ｃとしては、例えばポリ塩化ビニルで被覆した針金が使用可能である。例えば、環状の支持部３０ａは直径６ｍｍ程度であり、十字状の支持部３０ｂ，３０ｃは直径４．５ｍｍ程度である。なお、図３では環状の支持部３０ａが十字状の支持部３０ｂ，３０ｃよりも太い場合を例示するが、これに限定されず、例えば環状の支持部３０ａと十字状の支持部３０ｂ，３０ｃとが同じ太さであってもよい。また、支持部３０ｂ，３０ｃの本数は限定されず、十字状でなくても構わない。図１及び図２に示した支持枠３１〜４０も、図３に示した支持枠３０と同様の構成を有することにより、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅの付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅから育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅへの落下を防止できる。   As shown in FIG. 3, the support frame 30 includes an annular support portion 30a and two cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c connected to the annular support portion 30a. As the annular support portion 30a and the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c, for example, a wire coated with polyvinyl chloride can be used. For example, the annular support portion 30a has a diameter of about 6 mm, and the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c have a diameter of about 4.5 mm. 3 illustrates a case where the annular support portion 30a is thicker than the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the annular support portion 30a and the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c May be the same thickness. Further, the number of the support portions 30b and 30c is not limited and may not be a cross shape. The support frames 31 to 40 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 also have the same configuration as the support frame 30 shown in FIG. 3, so that the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e of the adhesion nets 10a to 10e are changed to the growth chambers 12a to 12e. Can be prevented from falling.

図１及び図２に示した蓋網２０は、最上段の付着室１１ａの上側を覆うように最上位の支持枠３０に取り付けられている。各育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅの底網２１〜２５は、最上位の支持枠３０から１つおきに、支持枠３２，３４，３６，３８，４０にそれぞれ取り付けられている。なお、蓋網２０及び底網２１〜２５は、例えば１．５分（菱形の網目の一辺の長さが４．５ｍｍ）程度のラッセル網が使用可能である。   The lid network 20 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is attached to the uppermost support frame 30 so as to cover the upper side of the uppermost adhesion chamber 11a. The bottom nets 21 to 25 of the growing chambers 12 a to 12 e are attached to the support frames 32, 34, 36, 38, and 40 from the uppermost support frame 30 every other one. The lid mesh 20 and the bottom meshes 21 to 25 can use a Russell mesh of about 1.5 minutes (the length of one side of the rhombus mesh is 4.5 mm), for example.

付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅは、例えば支持枠３０，３２，３４，３６，３８や蓋網２０及び底網２１〜２４に括り付ける等してそれぞれ付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅ内に固定されている。これにより、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅが付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅから育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅへ落下することを防止できる。付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅとしては、特に限定されないが、例えばポリエチレン製の網や中古網（刺し網）が使用可能であり、従来の採苗器（玉葱袋）に収容する網と同様のものを用いてもよい。なお、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅには、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する防汚被膜が形成されていないものを使用する。   The adhesion nets 10a to 10e are fixed in the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e, for example, by being attached to the support frames 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38, the lid net 20, and the bottom nets 21 to 24, respectively. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the adhesion nets 10a to 10e from dropping from the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e to the growth chambers 12a to 12e. Although it does not specifically limit as adhesion net | network 10a-10e, For example, the net | network made from polyethylene and a used net | network (stab net) can be used, and the same thing as the net | network accommodated in the conventional seedling device (onion bag) is used. May be. In addition, the adhesion net | network 10a-10e uses what the antifouling film which suppresses adhesion of marine organisms and garbage is not formed.

側網２ａ〜２ｅは、例えば１．５分（菱形の網目の一辺の長さが４．５ｍｍ）程度のラッセル網が使用可能である。側網２ａ〜２ｅは、１枚の網から一体的に構成されていてもよい。側網２ａ〜２ｅは、支持枠３０〜４０にそれぞれ括り付けられている。側網２ａ〜２ｅには、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅ及び育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅに稚貝を出し入れ可能な開口部４が設けられている。開口部４は、例えば側網２ａ〜２ｅの重なり部分を糸で縫って綴じておき、稚貝を出し入れする際に縫い糸を解いて開口する。開口部４の構造は特に限定されず、ファスナやホックで開閉する構造等の種々の構造が採用可能である。   As the side nets 2a to 2e, for example, a Russell net of about 1.5 minutes (the length of one side of the rhombus mesh is 4.5 mm) can be used. The side networks 2a to 2e may be integrally configured from a single sheet. The side networks 2a to 2e are tied to the support frames 30 to 40, respectively. The side nets 2a to 2e are provided with openings 4 through which juvenile shellfish can be taken in and out of the adhering chambers 11a to 11e and the growing chambers 12a to 12e. The opening 4 is formed by, for example, sewing and binding the overlapping portions of the side nets 2a to 2e with a thread, and releasing the sewing thread when the young shellfish is put in and out. The structure of the opening 4 is not particularly limited, and various structures such as a structure that opens and closes with a fastener or a hook can be employed.

図１及び図２に示すように、支持枠３０〜４０は、４本の吊下げ用ロープ３で結び付けられて互いに連結されている。４本の吊下げ用ロープ３の上端及び下端は１つに纏められ、上端には吊下げ用のループが形成されている。図１では４本の吊下げ用ロープ３を示すが、吊下げ用ロープ３の本数は特に限定されない。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the support frames 30 to 40 are connected to each other by being connected by four hanging ropes 3. The upper and lower ends of the four hanging ropes 3 are combined into one, and a hanging loop is formed at the upper ends. Although four hanging ropes 3 are shown in FIG. 1, the number of hanging ropes 3 is not particularly limited.

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭は、例えば図３８に示した従来のホタテの養殖方法にそのまま適用する場合には、５月中旬〜６月中旬頃の期間ｔ２の間引き作業において、間引き後に稚貝を入れる採苗器の代わりに使用可能である。そして、７月初旬〜８月中旬頃の期間ｔ３に稚貝の採取作業をせずに、９月中旬〜１０月中旬まで海中に吊るしておくことができる。このため、船上での採取作業による稚貝のへい死リスクを回避でき、深夜の採取作業をなくすことができる（詳細は後述する）。   For example, when the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied as it is to the conventional scallop culture method shown in FIG. It can be used in place of a seedling device that contains young shellfish later. And it can be suspended in the sea from mid-September to mid-October without collecting juveniles in the period t3 from early July to mid-August. For this reason, it is possible to avoid the risk of mortal shell mortality due to the collection work on the ship, and to eliminate the late-night collection work (details will be described later).

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭に稚貝を入れる際には、図１に示した開口部４を開口して、図４（ａ）に示すように、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅの付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅに稚貝１００を付着させる。なお、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅを付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅから一旦取り出して、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅに稚貝１００を予め付着させてから、稚貝１００を付着させた付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅを付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅ内に収納してもよい。その後、開口部４を閉じて、海中に吊るして稚貝を育成する。稚貝は８ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ程度に成長すると付着力が弱まり、図４（ｂ）に示すように、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅから外れて育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅの底網２１〜２５上に落下し、育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅで育成する。   When putting juvenile shellfish into the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, the opening 4 shown in FIG. 1 is opened, and the attachment chambers 11a to 11e are attached as shown in FIG. The juvenile shellfish 100 is attached to the nets 10a to 10e. The adhesion nets 10a to 10e are once taken out from the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e, and the juvenile shells 100 are attached to the adhesion nets 10a to 10e in advance, and then the adhesion nets 10a to 10e to which the juvenile shells 100 are adhered are attached to the adhesion chamber 11a. ˜11e may be stored. Then, the opening part 4 is closed and it hangs in the sea and raises a young shellfish. When the juvenile grows to about 8 mm to 10 mm, the adhesive strength weakens, and as shown in FIG. 4 (b), it falls off the adhesion nets 10 a to 10 e and falls onto the bottom nets 21 to 25 of the growth chambers 12 a to 12 e to grow. Grow in chambers 12a-12e.

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭によれば、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅに海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する撥水性の防汚被膜が形成されているので、海中生物やゴミの付着を抑制でき、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭内の海水中の酸素濃度及び餌料の減少を抑制できる。したがって、ホタテのへい死率を低減できるとともに、短期間で良好に稚貝を育成させることができる。更には、ホタテが早期に成長し、養殖期間を短縮できるので、稚貝のへい死率が比較的高くなる夏期及び冬期を迎える頻度が減少し、へい死率を減少させることができる。   According to the cultured scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention, a water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust is formed on the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2a to 2e. Therefore, the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage can be suppressed, and the oxygen concentration in the seawater and the decrease in feed in the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the mortality of scallops and to grow juveniles well in a short period of time. Furthermore, since the scallop grows early and the aquaculture period can be shortened, the frequency of summer and winter when the mortality rate of larvae is relatively high is reduced, and the mortality rate can be reduced.

更に、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅには防汚被膜が形成されているので、海中生物やゴミが付着し難いことから、従来の採苗器や座布団篭のように頻繁に交換・洗浄しなくてもよく、再利用が可能である。このため、採苗器や座布団篭の交換・洗浄作業に要する労力及び付着廃棄物処理等のコストを大幅に削減できるととに、採苗器や座布団篭の洗浄に伴う損傷も防止できる。特に複数回の再利用を考慮すると、防汚被膜を塗布することによる初期投資の費用は解消され、最終的には現状のホタテ用養殖篭に比して低コストとなる。即ち、養殖篭の交換回数が少なくなり、養殖篭の枚数を約半減させることができる。更に、洗浄により篭が傷まないので、新規に補充する篭の数を減らすこともできる。更に、採苗器や座布団篭の交換によりホタテに与えるストレスも低減でき、良好に育成できる。更には、採苗器や座布団篭の洗浄汚水による水質環境の悪化を抑制可能となる。   Furthermore, since the antifouling coating is formed on the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2a to 2e, marine organisms and dust are difficult to adhere, so that it is like a conventional seedling device or a cushion cushion. It is not necessary to replace and clean frequently and can be reused. For this reason, it is possible to greatly reduce the labor required for exchanging and cleaning the seedling device and the cushion cushion, and the cost of the attached waste disposal and the like, and it is possible to prevent the damage caused by the cleaning of the seedling device and the cushion cushion. In particular, when multiple reuses are taken into consideration, the initial investment cost by applying the antifouling coating is eliminated, and finally the cost is lower than that of the current scallop farm. That is, the number of times of exchanging the cultured trough is reduced, and the number of the cultured trough can be reduced by about half. Further, since the wrinkles are not damaged by washing, the number of newly replenished wrinkles can be reduced. Furthermore, the stress applied to the scallops can be reduced by exchanging the seedling device or the cushion cushion, and it can be cultivated well. Furthermore, it becomes possible to suppress the deterioration of the water quality environment due to the washing sewage of the seedling device and the cushion cushion.

また、従来の採苗器では、稚貝が採苗器から外れて袋の底部に溜まる。このため、稚貝の採取作業を時化等により適切なタイミングで実施できないと、袋の底部に溜まった稚貝が窒息死してしまい、種苗不足になるリスクがある。これに対して、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法によれば、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅから自然に落下した稚貝を育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅで稚貝分散時（９月中旬〜１０月下旬）まで育成できるので、稚貝が窒息死するリスクも回避できる。   Moreover, in the conventional seedling device, the young shellfish comes off the seedling device and accumulates at the bottom of the bag. For this reason, if the collecting operation of the young shellfish cannot be carried out at an appropriate timing due to time, etc., there is a risk that the young shellfish collected at the bottom of the bag will die from suffocation, resulting in a lack of seedlings. On the other hand, according to the scallop culture method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the larvae that naturally fall from the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e are dispersed in the larvae 12a to 12e (mid-September to October). Since it can be grown until late), the risk of suffocating and dying scallops can be avoided.

また、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅには防汚被膜が形成されているので、育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅに落下した稚貝が蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅに付着し難く、稚貝を採取するときに従来の採苗器に比して採取し易くなる。更に、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅから自然に落下した稚貝を育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅで稚貝分散時（９月中旬〜１０月下旬）まで育成できるので、採苗器から座布団篭への移し替えが不要となる。したがって、従来のように採苗器から座布団篭への移し替えによるホタテのストレス及びそのストレスに起因するへい死リスクを低減でき、良好に育成できる。   Moreover, since the antifouling film is formed in the cover net | network 20, the bottom net | network 21-25, and the side net | network 2a-2e, the juvenile which fell to the growth chambers 12a-12e is the lid net | network 20, the bottom nets 21-25, It is difficult to adhere to the side nets 2a to 2e, and it is easier to collect compared with a conventional seedling device when collecting juvenile shellfish. In addition, juveniles that fall naturally from the adhering chambers 11a to 11e can be grown in the breeding chambers 12a to 12e until they are dispersed (mid-September to late October), so the transfer from the seedling device to the cushion cushion is possible. It becomes unnecessary. Therefore, the scallop stress due to the transfer from the seedling device to the cushion mat as in the conventional case and the risk of mortality due to the stress can be reduced and can be cultivated well.

また、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭は、折り畳んでコンパクトに収容可能である。このため、例えば９月〜１０月頃に海中から引き揚げて稚貝を採取する際に、残暑であったり海水温が高かったりした場合に、船上の水槽にコンパクトに収容して、１段ずつ優良な稚貝を選別して、その他の段は海水に漬けておくことができ、稚貝のへい死のリスクを低減できる。また、従来の採苗器を吊るす水深範囲は大きく、夏場に最適な温度の水深への移動はし難いが、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭は高さが２ｍ程度なので、最適な温度の水深に移動させることが容易である。   Moreover, the culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention can be folded and accommodated in a compact manner. For this reason, for example, when collecting juveniles from the sea around September-October, if the remaining heat is high or the seawater temperature is high, it is stored compactly in the aquarium on the ship and is excellent one by one. The larvae can be selected and the other stages can be soaked in seawater, reducing the risk of mortal shell mortality. In addition, the depth range in which the conventional seedling device is suspended is large, and it is difficult to move to a water depth of the optimum temperature in summer, but the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention is about 2 m in height, It is easy to move to a water depth of temperature.

＜ホタテの養殖方法＞
次に、図５のフローチャートを参照しながら、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法の一例を説明する。なお、ここでは青森県陸奥湾でのホタテの養殖方法を例示するが、養殖を行う水域によって海水温や潮流、餌量等の自然条件が異なり、各作業の期間は前後にずれる（例えば、ホタテの産卵期は、青森陸奥湾では３月上旬〜５月中旬であるが、北海道北部では５月上旬〜６月中旬、北海道南部では４月上旬〜５月中旬、北海道東部の根室付近では６月上旬〜７月中旬である）。このため、特許請求の範囲に記載した趣旨の範囲内で、以下で説明する各作業期間や条件を、養殖を行う水域毎の自然条件等の個別の事情を考慮して調整することが必要なことは、当業者に自明であろう。 <Scallop farming method>
Next, an example of the scallop farming method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In this example, scallops are cultivated in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, but the natural conditions such as seawater temperature, tidal current, and feed amount differ depending on the aquaculture area, and the duration of each work shifts back and forth (for example, scallops) The spawning season is from early March to mid-May in Aomori Mutsu Bay, but from early May to mid-June in northern Hokkaido, from early April to mid-May in southern Hokkaido, and in June near Nemuro in eastern Hokkaido. From early to mid-July). For this reason, it is necessary to adjust each work period and conditions described below in consideration of individual circumstances such as natural conditions for each aquaculture area within the scope of the spirit described in the claims. This will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

図５のフローチャートにおいて、３月上旬〜６月中旬頃の期間Ｔ１に、採苗作業（第１の段階）を実施する。ここで、青森陸奥湾では例年３月上旬頃にラーバの出現情報が出るが、ラーバの出現情報が出て直ちに採苗作業を開始する。採苗作業では、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する撥水性の防汚被膜が形成された編地の採苗器を海中に吊るすことにより、稚貝を付着させる。例えば、海中に幹綱を３本〜４本水平に渡し、幹綱１本当たり１００本のロープを鉛直方向に下ろし、採苗器を１本のロープ当たり１５袋程度吊るす。   In the flowchart of FIG. 5, seedling work (first stage) is performed in a period T1 from the beginning of March to the middle of June. Here, in Aomori Mutsu Bay, information on the appearance of raba appears around the beginning of March, but the seedling operation starts immediately after the appearance information of raba appears. In the seedling operation, juvenile shellfish are attached by suspending a seedling container of a knitted fabric formed with a water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust. For example, three to four trunk ropes are passed horizontally in the sea, 100 ropes per trunk rope are lowered in the vertical direction, and a seedling device is hung about 15 bags per rope.

採苗作業で用いる採苗器は、図６に示すように、ラーバを付着させる合成繊維や中古網（刺し網）からなる付着網４２と、付着網４２を収容する玉葱袋と呼ばれるポリエチレン製の網状の袋（玉葱袋）４１とを備える。網状の袋４１は、例えば幅４０ｃｍ、高さ７５ｃｍ程度である。網状の袋４１には、ジメチルシリコーンを含むアクリル樹脂等からなる防汚塗料を塗布することにより、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する厚さ１μｍ〜２００μｍ程度の撥水性の防汚被膜が形成されている。このため、網状の袋４１に海中生物やゴミが付着し難くすることができる。   As shown in FIG. 6, the seedling device used in the seedling operation is made of a polyethylene made of a so-called onion bag that accommodates an adhesion net 42 made of synthetic fibers or used nets (stabbed nets) for attaching ravers, and an adhesion net 42. A net-like bag (onion bag) 41 is provided. The net-like bag 41 has a width of about 40 cm and a height of about 75 cm, for example. A water-repellent antifouling film having a thickness of about 1 μm to 200 μm is formed on the net-like bag 41 by applying an antifouling paint made of acrylic resin containing dimethyl silicone or the like to suppress adhesion of marine organisms and dust. ing. For this reason, marine organisms and garbage can be made difficult to adhere to the net-like bag 41.

図５のフローチャートにおいて、６月中旬〜７月中旬頃の期間Ｔ２に、間引き作業（第２の段階）を実施する。間引き作業では、図６に示した採苗器を陸揚げして、稚貝の付着数が過剰な場合には間引きするとともに、稚貝を捕食するヒトデやウミセミ等を駆除する。更に、間引き後の稚貝を陸上の蓄養水槽内の海水に浸し、気泡発生装置を用いて直径が数ｎｍ〜数十μｍ程度の微細な気泡（ナノ・マイクロバブル）を発生させて２時間〜１日程度、稚貝を活性化させることが好ましい。その後、稚貝を図１に示した本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭（第１の篭）に移し替える。   In the flowchart of FIG. 5, a thinning operation (second stage) is performed in a period T2 from mid-June to mid-July. In the thinning operation, the seedling device shown in FIG. 6 is landed, and when the number of juvenile shellfish attached is excessive, it is thinned and the starfish and sea cedar that prey on the juvenile shellfish are removed. Furthermore, the juvenile shellfish after thinning is immersed in seawater in a terrestrial recreational water tank, and fine bubbles (nano / micro bubbles) with a diameter of several nanometers to several tens of micrometers are generated using a bubble generator for 2 hours to It is preferable to activate the larvae for about one day. Thereafter, the juvenile shellfish are transferred to the scallop culture culm (first culm) according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の編地には、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制するジメチルシリコーンを含むアクリル樹脂等からなる撥水性の防汚被膜が形成されている。ここで、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の編地のうち、少なくとも側網２ａ〜２ｅに防汚被膜が形成されていればよく、蓋網２０及び底網２１〜２５にも防汚被膜が形成されていることが好ましい。本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭の網目のサイズは１．０分〜２．０分（網目の１辺の長さが３．０ｍｍ〜６ｍｍ）程度である。   A water-repellent antifouling film made of an acrylic resin containing dimethyl silicone that suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms and dust is formed on the knitted fabric of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention. Here, in the knitted fabric of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is sufficient that an antifouling film is formed on at least the side nets 2a to 2e, and the lid net 20 and the bottom nets 21 to 25 are also protected. A dirty film is preferably formed. The mesh size of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention is about 1.0 minute to 2.0 minutes (the length of one side of the mesh is 3.0 mm to 6 mm).

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭に稚貝を入れる際には、図４（ａ）に示すように、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅに収納された付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅに稚貝を付着させる。そして、稚貝を入れた本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖を海中に投下し、稚貝を育成する。このとき、夏場を迎えたときの海水温の上昇を考慮して深場に吊るすことが好ましい。なお、上述したように採苗器として防汚被膜が形成された編地のものを用いることにより、従来よりも稚貝が大型化し易い。このため、稚貝の大型化に伴い餌料が不足しないように、期間Ｔ２における間引き作業を複数回に分けて実施してもよい。   When putting larvae into the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4A, the larvae are attached to the adhesion nets 10a to 10e accommodated in the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e. . And the scallop culture which concerns on embodiment of this invention which put the young shellfish is dropped in the sea, and the young shellfish is raised. At this time, it is preferable to hang in the deep field in consideration of the rise in seawater temperature when the summer season is reached. In addition, by using the knitted fabric in which the antifouling film is formed as the seedling device as described above, the juvenile shellfish is easily increased in size compared to the conventional case. For this reason, you may implement the thinning-out operation | work in period T2 in multiple times so that a feed may not run short with the enlargement of a juvenile shellfish.

その後、７月中旬〜９月中旬の夏期は作業を中止し、気温及び海水温が低下してくる９月中旬まで吊るしたままにしておく（即ち、従来のような中間篭替作業は実施しない）。稚貝は殻長８ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ程度に成長すると付着力が弱まり付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅから外れて図４（ｂ）に示すように育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅに落下し、育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅにて育成する。   After that, the work is stopped during the summer from mid-July to mid-September, and the work is kept suspended until mid-September when the temperature and seawater temperature drop (that is, the intermediate replacement work as in the past is not performed). ). When the shellfish grows to a shell length of about 8 mm to 10 mm, the adhesive force weakens and falls off the adhesion nets 10a to 10e and falls into the growth chambers 12a to 12e as shown in FIG. 4B, and is grown in the growth chambers 12a to 12e. To do.

図５のフローチャートにおいて、９月中旬〜１０月中旬頃の期間Ｔ３，Ｔ４，Ｔ５に、複数回（３回）に分けて稚貝の採取作業（第３の段階）を順次実施する。稚貝の採取作業のそれぞれでは、図１に示した本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭を引き揚げて、図４（ｂ）に示すように育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅから殻長２０ｍｍ程度に成長した稚貝を採取する。そして、稚貝を陸上の蓄養水槽内の海水に浸し、気泡発生装置を用いて、微細な気泡（ナノ・マイクロバブル）を発生させて２時間〜１日程度、稚貝を活性化させることが好ましい。その後、図１に示した本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭よりも網目のサイズが大きく、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する撥水性の防汚被膜が形成された編地の丸篭（第２の篭）に移し替える。そして、稚貝を入れた丸篭を海中に吊るして稚貝を育成する。なお、図５のフローチャートでは３回に分けて稚貝の採取作業を実施しているが、稚貝の採取作業は１回だけ実施してもよく、２回又は４回以上に分けて実施してもよい。   In the flowchart of FIG. 5, the collecting operation (third stage) of the larvae is sequentially performed in a plurality of times (three times) during periods T3, T4, and T5 from mid-September to mid-October. In each of the collecting operations for juvenile shellfish, the culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is lifted and grown from the growth chambers 12a to 12e to a shell length of about 20 mm as shown in FIG. 4 (b). Collect the young shellfish. Then, immersing the larvae in the seawater in the onshore storage tank and generating fine bubbles (nano / microbubbles) using the bubble generator to activate the larvae for about 2 hours to 1 day. preferable. Thereafter, the round knots of the knitted fabric having a mesh size larger than that of the scallop cultured culm according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and formed with a water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses adhesion of marine organisms and dust. Move to (2nd jar). Then, cultivate the larvae by suspending the round crab containing the larvae in the sea. In the flow chart of FIG. 5, the collecting operation of the larvae is carried out in three times, but the collecting operation of the larvae may be carried out only once or divided into two or more times. May be.

期間Ｔ３，Ｔ４，Ｔ５の稚貝の採取作業で移し替える丸篭（第２の篭）は、図７に示すように、例えば１連１０段の育成室５１ａ〜５１ｊで構成されている。各育成室５１ａ〜５１ｊは、稚貝を育成する空間で構成されている。各育成室５１ａ〜５１ｊは、稚貝を乗せておく底網５２ｂ〜５２ｋと、底網５２ｂ〜５２ｋの側面を連続して覆う側網５４ａ〜５４ｊとをそれぞれ有する。最上段の育成室５１ａの上側には蓋網５２ａが配置されている。蓋網５２ａは支持枠５３ａに取り付けられている。底網５２ｂ〜５２ｋは、支持枠５３ｂ〜５３ｋに取り付けられている。支持枠５３ａ〜５３ｋは、図１及び図２に示した支持枠３０〜４０と同様の構成を有する。支持枠５３ａ〜５３ｋは、４本の吊下げ用ロープ５５で連結されている。   As shown in FIG. 7, the round cocoon (second cocoon) to be transferred in the collection work of juveniles in the periods T3, T4, and T5 includes, for example, growth chambers 51a to 51j each having ten stages. Each breeding room 51a-51j is comprised by the space which grows a young shellfish. Each of the rearing chambers 51a to 51j includes bottom nets 52b to 52k on which young shellfish are placed and side nets 54a to 54j that continuously cover the side surfaces of the bottom nets 52b to 52k, respectively. A lid mesh 52a is disposed on the upper side of the uppermost growth chamber 51a. The lid net 52a is attached to the support frame 53a. The bottom nets 52b to 52k are attached to the support frames 53b to 53k. The support frames 53a to 53k have the same configuration as the support frames 30 to 40 shown in FIGS. The support frames 53a to 53k are connected by four hanging ropes 55.

蓋網５２ａ、底網５２ｂ〜５２ｋ及び側網５４ａ〜５４ｊは、例えば３．０分〜４．０分（菱形の網目の一辺の長さが９ｍｍ〜１２ｍｍ）程度のラッセル網が使用可能である。蓋網５２ａ、底網５２ｂ〜５２ｋ及び側網５４ａ〜５４ｊには、ジメチルシリコーンを含むアクリル樹脂塗料等からなる防汚塗料を塗布することにより海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する撥水性の防汚被膜が形成されている。このため、蓋網５２ａ、底網５２ｂ〜５２ｋ及び側網５４ａ〜５４ｊへの海中生物やゴミの付着を抑制できる。なお、期間Ｔ３，Ｔ４，Ｔ５の稚貝の採取作業で移し替える第２の篭としては、丸篭の代わりに１連１０段程度の座布団篭を用いてもよい。座布団篭の編地には、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する撥水性の防汚被膜が形成されている。   As the lid net 52a, the bottom nets 52b to 52k, and the side nets 54a to 54j, for example, a Russell net of about 3.0 minutes to 4.0 minutes (the length of one side of the rhombus mesh is 9 mm to 12 mm) can be used. . Water-repellent antifouling which suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms and dust by applying antifouling paint made of acrylic resin paint containing dimethyl silicone to the cover net 52a, the bottom nets 52b to 52k and the side nets 54a to 54j A film is formed. For this reason, adhesion of marine organisms and garbage to the lid network 52a, the bottom nets 52b to 52k, and the side nets 54a to 54j can be suppressed. In addition, as the second cocoon to be transferred in the collection operation of juveniles during the periods T3, T4, and T5, a 10-stage cushion mat may be used instead of the round cocoon. A water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust is formed on the knitted fabric of the cushion cushion.

図５のフローチャートにおいて、初年度の１２月上旬頃から出荷作業（第４の段階）を開始する。まず、初年度の産卵期（３月上旬〜５月中旬頃）の１２月上旬〜１２月下旬頃の期間Ｔ６に、図７に示した丸篭の一部を水揚げし、産卵前のホタテ（以下、「ヴァージン貝」と称する）を出荷する。即ち、ヴァージン貝は、最初に採苗作業を開始してから、初年度の採苗作業の開始前に既に出荷が開始される。なお、ヴァージン貝は、１２月下旬頃の抱卵前に出荷することが味や食感がより良好であり好ましい。更に、２年目の４月上旬〜７月頃の期間Ｔ７に、丸篭の一部を水揚げし、半成貝・新貝で出荷する。更に、２年目の７月初旬〜１２月頃下旬の期間Ｔ８に、残りの丸篭を水揚げし、新貝・成貝で出荷する。即ち、新貝・成貝を２年目の産卵期前、より好ましくは抱卵前に出荷することで、味や食感がより良好となる。２年目の抱卵前の出荷は、ナノ・マイクロバブルで活性化させること等により可能となる。   In the flowchart of FIG. 5, the shipping operation (fourth stage) starts from the beginning of December of the first year. First, in the period T6 from the beginning of December to the end of December in the egg-laying season (early March to mid-May) of the first year, a portion of the round buns shown in FIG. (Hereinafter referred to as “Virgin Shell”). That is, shipment of the virgin shellfish has already started before the start of the seedling operation in the first year after the start of the seedling operation. In addition, it is preferable that the virgin shellfish are shipped before incubation in late December because the taste and texture are better. Furthermore, during the period T7 from the beginning of April to July of the second year, a part of the round sea bream is landed and shipped as semi-shells and fresh shellfish. Furthermore, in the period T8 from the beginning of July to the end of December in the second year, the remaining round sea bream is landed and shipped as fresh shellfish and adult shellfish. That is, by shipping new shellfish / adult shellfish before the egg-laying season of the second year, more preferably before incubation, the taste and texture become better. Shipment before incubation in the second year is possible by activating with nano / micro bubbles.

本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法によれば、防汚被膜が形成された編地の採苗器、丸篭、座布団篭を用いることや、陸上の蓄養水槽でナノ・マイクロバブルにより稚貝の活性化を行うことにより、稚貝を良好に早期に育成させることができる。このため、最終的な出荷を２年目で完了し、養殖期間を従来よりも６ヶ月〜７ヶ月程度短縮できるので、コストを大幅に削減できる。更に、採苗開始から１年経過する前に、産卵期前のホタテをヴァージン貝として出荷することも可能となり、味も食感も格別良好となる。   According to the scallop farming method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the use of a knitted fabric seedling device, a round paddle, or a cushion cushion formed with an antifouling coating, or a nano / micro bubble in a terrestrial storage tank. By activating the shellfish, young shellfish can be bred well early. For this reason, the final shipment is completed in the second year, and the culture period can be shortened by about 6 to 7 months as compared with the conventional one, so that the cost can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, before one year has passed since the start of seedling, it is possible to ship scallops before the spawning season as virgin shells, and the taste and texture are particularly good.

また、青森県陸奥湾では例年３月上旬頃に稚貝（ラーバ）の出現情報が出るが、４月中及び５月中旬以降はキヌマトイガイの付着が多いこと等から、従来は４月以前から採苗作業を開始しても、ラーバが採苗器に適正な数だけ付着する前に海中生物が付着して採苗器が閉塞してしまい、ラーバ出現最大時に確実に必要なラーバを採苗できない。このため、図３８に示すようにラーバの出現情報が出てから間を空けて、４月中旬以降に採苗作業を開始している。これに対して、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法によれば、防汚被膜が形成された編地の採苗器を用いることにより、キヌマトイガイ等の海中生物やゴミの付着を低減できる。このため、図５に示すようにラーバ出現情報が出る３月上旬頃に直ちに採苗作業を実施しても、ラーバを適正な数だけ採苗できる。   In Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, information on the appearance of juvenile sea bream (rabber) appears around the beginning of March, but it has traditionally been collected from before April due to the large amount of kinumatogai in and around April. Even if the seedling operation is started, before the appropriate number of raruba attaches to the seedling device, marine organisms adhere and the seedling device becomes blocked, so it is impossible to reliably collect the necessary raba when the raba appears at the maximum. . For this reason, as shown in FIG. 38, the seedling operation is started after mid-April after a while after the appearance information of raba appears. On the other hand, according to the scallop culture method according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce adhesion of marine organisms such as kinuma mussels and garbage by using a seedling device of a knitted fabric on which an antifouling coating is formed. . For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, even if the seedling operation is carried out immediately around the beginning of March when the raver appearance information appears, an appropriate number of ravers can be collected.

また、従来は図３８に示すように７月中旬〜８月中旬頃の期間ｔ３に稚貝の採取作業を実施しているが、夏場であり気温及び海水温が高いため、深夜に船上で作業しているのが現状であり、作業者にとって過酷であり、一方で稚貝にも負荷を与えてしまいへい死のリスクも高まる。更には、本来は稚貝の採取作業を何度かに分けて優良稚貝を採取したいが、海の時化や好天続きで作業可能な時間が限られ、優良稚貝を確保することが困難である。   Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 38, the collection of juvenile shellfish is carried out during the period t3 from mid-July to mid-August, but since it is summer and the temperature and seawater temperature are high, work on board at midnight. However, it is harsh for workers, and it also puts a load on the larvae and increases the risk of death. Furthermore, we would like to collect good larvae by dividing the collection process of larvae several times, but it is possible to secure good larvae because the time available for work is limited due to the stormy weather and good weather. Have difficulty.

これに対して、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法によれば、図５に示すように７月中旬には間引き作業を終えるので、７月中旬〜８月中旬頃の夏場の作業を回避できる。したがって、作業者にとって過酷な作業を回避できるとともに、稚貝のへい死率も低減できる。また、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテの養殖方法によれば、日中の作業も比較的容易であるので、複数回に分けて稚貝を採取可能であり、優良稚貝を容易に確保できる。更に、夏場には真鯛が採苗器の玉葱袋を破りホタテを捕食する場合があるが、丸篭であれば真鯛の捕食を誘発することを防止できる。   On the other hand, according to the scallop farming method according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the thinning operation is completed in the middle of July, so that the summer work from the middle of July to the middle of August is performed. Can be avoided. Therefore, severe work can be avoided for the worker, and the mortality rate of the larvae can be reduced. In addition, according to the scallop culture method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the daytime work is relatively easy, so it is possible to collect the larvae in a plurality of times and easily secure the excellent larvae. . Furthermore, in the summer, there is a case where the cypress may break the onion bag of the seedling device and prey on the scallops.

なお、６月中旬〜７月中旬頃の期間Ｔ２に、図１に示した本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭を用いる代わりに、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する撥水性の防汚被膜が形成された編地の円錐形状の座布団篭（パールネット）や丸篭（行燈篭）を用いてもよい。また、９月中旬〜１０月中旬頃の期間Ｔ３，Ｔ４，Ｔ５の３回に分けて稚貝を採取する場合を例示するが、少なくとも１回以上採取すればよい。即ち、稚貝を２回に分けて採取してもよく、４回以上に分けて採取してもよい。   In addition, in the period T2 from the middle of June to the middle of July, instead of using the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, water-repellent antifouling that suppresses adhesion of marine organisms and garbage You may use the cone-shaped cushion cushion (pearl net) of the knitted fabric in which the film was formed, and the round kite (Gyoku). Moreover, although the case where young oysters are collected in three times T3, T4, and T5 from mid-September to mid-October is illustrated, it may be collected at least once. That is, juveniles may be collected in two portions, or may be collected in four or more portions.

＜第１の実施例＞
本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖方法に用いる養殖篭（座布団篭）の第１の実施例を比較例とともに説明する。第１の実施例は、海中生物及びゴミの付着を防止する撥水性の防汚被膜が形成された１分（網目の一辺の長さが３ｍｍ）の座布団篭であり、１連１０段で構成されている。第１の実施例の防汚被膜は、株式会社西海養殖技研製のシリコン使用の物理的海棲生物付着防止剤（商品名：セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプ）に編地を浸漬し、溶剤揮発臭がなくなるまで乾燥させることにより形成した。比較例は、防汚被膜が形成されていない１．５分（網目の一辺の長さが４．５ｍｍ）の座布団篭であり、１連１０段で構成されている。平成２６年９月２９日に、第１の実施例及び比較例に１段当たり３０枚の稚貝を収容して青森県陸奥湾久栗坂沖の海中に垂下し、平成２７年５月１９日に回収した。 <First embodiment>
A first example of a culture culm (cushion mattress) used in the scallop culture method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described together with a comparative example. The first embodiment is a 1-minute (with a mesh side length of 3 mm) cushion cushion with a water-repellent antifouling coating that prevents marine organisms and dirt from adhering, and is composed of 10 steps. Has been. The antifouling coating of the first example is obtained by immersing the knitted fabric in a physical marine organism anti-adhesion agent (product name: Safety Pro series netting immersion type) using silicon manufactured by Saikai Aquaculture Co., Ltd. It was formed by drying until odor disappeared. The comparative example is a cushion cushion of 1.5 minutes (the length of one side of the mesh is 4.5 mm) on which no antifouling coating is formed, and is composed of 10 steps in a row. On September 29, 2014, 30 juveniles per stage were accommodated in the first embodiment and the comparative example, and drooped into the sea off Kukurizaka in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture. On May 19, 2015 It was collected.

図８（ａ）に、第１の実施例及び比較例の１連１０段当たりの付着物重量を示す。図８（ａ）から、第１の実施例では２．９２ｋｇ、比較例では９．４７ｋｇであり、第１の実施例では比較例よりも付着物重量が著しく低減し、海中生物やゴミの付着が低減できたことが分かる。   FIG. 8 (a) shows the weight of deposits per ten steps of the first example and the comparative example. From FIG. 8 (a), it is 2.92 kg in the first example and 9.47 kg in the comparative example. In the first example, the weight of the deposit is significantly reduced compared to the comparative example, and the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage is observed. It can be seen that the reduction was achieved.

図８（ｂ）に、第１の実施例及び比較例のホタテのへい死率を示す。図８（ｂ）から、第１の実施例では、生貝が３３７枚、死貝が１２枚であり、へい死率は３．４％であった。一方、比較例では、生貝が３０６枚、死貝が２１枚であり、へい死率は６．４％であった。よって、第１の実施例では比較例よりもへい死率を低減できたことが分かる。   FIG. 8B shows the scallop mortality of the first example and the comparative example. From FIG. 8B, in the first example, there were 337 raw shellfish and 12 dead shellfish, and the mortality rate was 3.4%. On the other hand, in the comparative example, there were 306 raw shellfish and 21 dead shellfish, and the mortality rate was 6.4%. Therefore, it can be seen that the first embodiment was able to reduce the mortality rate more than the comparative example.

図９（ａ）〜図９（ｃ）に、第１の実施例及び比較例のホタテの殻長、全重量、軟体部重量をそれぞれ示す。図９（ａ）から、第１の実施例では殻長は７０．２ｍｍであり、比較例では殻長は６４．８ｍｍであり、第１の実施例では比較例よりも殻長が８％程度長く、良好に育成したことが分かる。図９（ｂ）から、第１の実施例ではホタテの全重量は４１．９ｇであり、比較例ではホタテの全重量は３１．２ｇであり、第１の実施例では比較例よりも全重量が３４％程度増量し、良好に育成したことが分かる。図９（ｃ）から、第１の実施例では軟体部重量は１６．８ｇ、比較例では軟体部重量は１２．１ｇであり、第１の実施例では比較例よりも軟体部重量が３９％程度増量し、良好に育成したことが分かる。   FIG. 9A to FIG. 9C show the shell length, total weight, and soft body weight of the scallops of the first example and the comparative example, respectively. From FIG. 9A, the shell length is 70.2 mm in the first example, the shell length is 64.8 mm in the comparative example, and the shell length is about 8% in the first example than in the comparative example. It can be seen that it has been grown well for a long time. From FIG. 9B, in the first example, the total weight of the scallop is 41.9 g, in the comparative example, the total weight of the scallop is 31.2 g, and in the first example, the total weight is larger than that of the comparative example. Is increased by about 34%, and it can be seen that the plant has grown well. From FIG. 9C, the soft part weight is 16.8 g in the first example, the soft part weight is 12.1 g in the comparative example, and the soft part weight is 39% in the first example than in the comparative example. It can be seen that the amount has been increased to a good degree and has been cultivated well.

＜第２の実施例＞
また、第２の実施例として、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭（座布団篭）を用いて稚貝を試験的に養殖した。防汚被膜は、第１の実施例と同様に、株式会社西海養殖技研製のシリコン使用の物理的海棲生物付着防止剤（商品名：セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプ）に編地を浸漬し、溶剤揮発臭がなくなるまで乾燥させることにより形成した。平成２６年７月下旬に本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭に稚貝を入れて青森県陸奥湾奥内沖の海中に吊るした。そして、平成２６年１０月〜平成２６年１２月に稚貝の分散作業を実施し、平成２７年６月初旬に回収した。本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭（丸篭）は通算３０６日間海中に吊るされていた。回収後の３０枚のホタテを評価したところ、全て生貝であり、平均殻長が７０．７２ｍｍ、全重量が３７．９５ｇ、軟体部重量が１５．３８ｇであり、良好に育成できていた。 <Second embodiment>
In addition, as a second example, young oysters were experimentally cultured using the scallop culture culm (zabuton sculpture) according to the embodiment of the present invention. As in the first embodiment, the antifouling film is obtained by immersing the knitted fabric in a physical marine organism adhesion prevention agent (product name: Safety Pro series netting immersion type) using silicon manufactured by Saikai Aquaculture Co., Ltd. It was formed by drying until the solvent volatile odor disappeared. In late July 2014, juvenile shellfish were put into the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention and hung in the sea off Mutsu Bay in Aomori Prefecture. And from October 2014 to December 2014, we carried out dispersal work of juvenile shellfish and recovered it in early June 2015. The scallop farm culm (maru culm) according to the embodiment of the present invention was suspended in the sea for a total of 306 days. When 30 scallops after collection were evaluated, they were all raw shellfish, average shell length was 70.72 mm, total weight was 37.95 g, and soft body weight was 15.38 g.

＜第３の実施例＞
第３の実施例として、図１及び図２に示した本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭である防汚被膜が形成された丸篭１０段を用いて、青森県奥内沖のホタテ養殖海域で試験的に養殖を行った。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。平成２７年６月に、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅを１回間引きし、５段の付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅに付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅを１枚ずつ吊り下げることにより、５段の付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅ及び５段の育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅが交互に設けられ、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅに付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅが収容された構造とした。平成２７年１２月に水揚げし、採苗状態を調べた結果を表１及び表２に示す。 <Third embodiment>
As a third example, scallop aquaculture off the coast of Okunai, Aomori Prefecture, using a 10-stage round culm with an antifouling coating formed as a scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Trial farming was conducted in the sea area. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In June 2015, the adhering nets 10a to 10e are thinned once, and the adhering nets 10a to 10e are suspended one by one in the five-stage adhering chambers 11a to 11e. Five-stage growth chambers 12a to 12e are alternately provided, and the adhesion nets 10a to 10e are accommodated in the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e. The results of landing in December 2015 and examining the seedling state are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

表１は、各付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅの付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅに付着した稚貝数を殻長で分けて示す。表２は、各育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅに落下した稚貝数を殻長で分けて示す。表１及び表２から、１０ｍｍ以上の稚貝が、へい死も殆ど無く夏越しして順調に成長していることが分かる。平成２７年の夏期は海水温が高めに推移したことから、１２月まで延長して養殖したが、６ヶ月間という長期の飼育にも関わらず、へい死が殆ど無かった。この結果から、水温が２０℃前後になったら、大きな稚貝を順次採苗することにより、優良種苗を早期に採苗することが考えられる。   Table 1 shows the number of juveniles adhering to the adhesion nets 10a to 10e of the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e, divided by the shell length. Table 2 shows the number of juveniles that have fallen into each of the growing chambers 12a to 12e, divided by the shell length. From Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that juvenile shells of 10 mm or more are growing smoothly over the summer with almost no mortality. In the summer of 2015, the seawater temperature remained high, so it was cultivated until December. However, despite the long-term rearing of 6 months, there was almost no death. From this result, when the water temperature is around 20 ° C., it is conceivable that early seedlings can be collected early by successively collecting large young shellfish.

＜第４の実施例＞
第４の実施例として、防汚被膜が形成された１．０分、１０段の座布団篭を用いて稚貝を試験的に養殖した。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。第４の実施例に１段約３０枚ずつ、１０段で合計３０８枚の３０ｍｍの稚貝を入れて、青森県むつ市近川の海中で、平成２７年９月〜平成２８年５月１９日の期間で養殖した。また、第４の実施例に対する比較例として、防汚被膜が形成されていない１．５分、１０段の座布団篭を用いて、第４の実施例と同様の稚貝数（１段約３０枚ずつ、１０段で合計３１２枚）、場所、期間で養殖した。 <Fourth embodiment>
As a fourth example, juveniles were experimentally cultivated using 10-stage cushion cushions for 1.0 minute on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the fourth embodiment, about 30 pieces per stage, with a total of 308 30mm larvae in 10 stages, from September 2015 to May 19, 2016 in the sea of Kunikawa, Mutsu City, Aomori Prefecture Farmed in the day period. Moreover, as a comparative example with respect to the fourth example, the number of larvae similar to that of the fourth example (about 30 steps per stage) was obtained using a 10-stage cushion cushion for 1.5 minutes in which the antifouling film was not formed. A total of 312 pieces in 10 stages) were cultivated at the place and the period.

図１０に、水揚げされた第４の実施例に係る座布団篭、水揚げされた比較例に係る座布団篭及び使用前の座布団篭の写真を示し、更に図１１に第４の実施例に係る座布団篭の写真、図１２に比較例に係る座布団篭の写真を示す（「シリコン処理」が第４の実施例に相当し、「無処理」が比較例に相当する）。図１０〜図１２から、比較例に係る座布団篭に対して、第４の実施例に係る座布団篭では付着物が大幅に少ないことが分かる。第４の実施例及び比較例の付着物量（湿重量）、枚数、へい死数、ホタテの総重量、１枚当たりのホタテの重量の測定結果を表３に示す。   FIG. 10 shows a photograph of a cushion cushion according to a fourth embodiment, a cushion cushion according to a comparative example, and a cushion cushion before use, and FIG. 11 shows a cushion cushion according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 12 shows a photograph of a cushion cushion according to a comparative example (“silicon treatment” corresponds to the fourth example, and “no treatment” corresponds to the comparative example). 10 to 12, it can be seen that the cushion cushion according to the fourth embodiment has much less deposits than the cushion cushion according to the comparative example. Table 3 shows the measurement results of the amount of deposits (wet weight), the number of sheets, the number of deaths, the total weight of scallops, and the weight of scallops per sheet in the fourth example and comparative example.

表３に示すように、付着物量（湿重量）は、第４の実施例では８．０ｋｇ、比較例では９．２ｋｇとなり、比較例が１．２ｋｇ（１５％）重かった。へい死数は、第４の実施例及び比較例のいずれも０枚であった。ホタテの総重量は、第４の実施例では１５．１ｋｇ、比較例では１２．１ｋｇとなり、第４の実施例が３ｋｇ（２６．３８％）重かった。１枚当たりのホタテの重量は、第４の実施例では３８．８ｇ、比較例では４９ｇとなり、第４の実施例が１０．２ｇ（２６．２８％）重かった。第４の実施例で回収されたホタテ貝の内訳を表４に示し、比較例で回収されたホタテ貝の内訳を表５に示す。   As shown in Table 3, the amount of deposits (wet weight) was 8.0 kg in the fourth example, 9.2 kg in the comparative example, and the comparative example was 1.2 kg (15%) heavier. The number of dead deaths was 0 in both the fourth example and the comparative example. The total weight of the scallops was 15.1 kg in the fourth example and 12.1 kg in the comparative example, and the fourth example was 3 kg (26.38%) heavier. The weight of each scallop was 38.8 g in the fourth example and 49 g in the comparative example, and the fourth example was 10.2 g (26.28%) heavier. A breakdown of the scallops recovered in the fourth example is shown in Table 4, and a breakdown of the scallops recovered in the comparative example is shown in Table 5.

表４及び表５において、１枚当たりの軟体部の重量及び割合は、各サイズで無作為に選んだ１０枚を計量してその平均値を算出した。軟体部の全重量は、各サイズの１枚当たりの軟体部の重量に枚数を掛けることにより算出した。軟体部の総重量は、第４の実施例では７．５６ｋｇ、比較例では５．０１ｋｇとなり、第４の実施例が２．５５ｋｇ（５０．８％）重かった。また、比較例では５５ｍｍ以下のホタテ貝が有ったが、第４の実施例では５５ｍｍ以下のホタテ貝は無かった。また、第４の実施例が、殻長の大きいホタテ貝の割合が高かった。   In Tables 4 and 5, the weight and ratio of the soft body part per sheet were calculated by averaging 10 sheets randomly selected for each size and calculating the average value. The total weight of the soft part was calculated by multiplying the weight of the soft part per piece of each size by the number. The total weight of the soft part was 7.56 kg in the fourth example and 5.01 kg in the comparative example, and the fourth example was 2.55 kg (50.8%) heavier. Further, in the comparative example, there were scallops of 55 mm or less, but in the fourth example, there were no scallops of 55 mm or less. In the fourth example, the ratio of scallops having a large shell length was high.

＜第５の実施例＞
第５の実施例Ａ，Ｂとして、防汚被膜が形成された１．０分、１０段の座布団篭を２連用いて稚貝を試験的に養殖した。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。第５の実施例Ａ，Ｂに１段３０枚ずつ、３０ｍｍの稚貝を入れて、青森県横浜町の海中で、平成２７年９月〜平成２８年５月１９日の期間で養殖した。また、第５の実施例Ａ，Ｂに対する比較例Ａ，Ｂとして、防汚被膜が形成されていない１．５分、１０段の座布団篭を２連用いて、第５の実施例Ａ，Ｂと同様の稚貝数、期間、場所で養殖した。第５の実施例Ａ，Ｂ及び比較例Ａ，Ｂの篭重量（湿重量）、枚数、へい死数、ホタテの総重量の測定結果を表６に示す。 <Fifth embodiment>
As 5th Example A and B, the young shellfish were culture | cultivated experimentally using two 10-stage cushion cushions for 1.0 minutes in which the antifouling film was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the fifth example A and B, 30 larvae of 30 mm each were placed and cultured in the sea of Yokohama-cho, Aomori Prefecture, from September 2015 to May 19, 2016. In addition, as Comparative Examples A and B with respect to the fifth Examples A and B, 1.5 minutes in which the antifouling film is not formed, and using 10-stage cushion cushions in series, the fifth Examples A and B and The same number of juvenile shellfish was cultured at the same time and place. Table 6 shows the measurement results of the heel weight (wet weight), the number of sheets, the number of deaths from death, and the total weight of scallops of the fifth example A and B and the comparative examples A and B.

表６に示すように、篭重量（湿重量）は、第５の実施例Ａでは６．７ｋｇ、第５の実施例Ｂでは６．３ｋｇ、比較例Ａでは１２．９５ｋｇ、比較例Ｂでは１３．８ｋｇとなり、第５の実施例Ａ，Ｂに対して、比較例Ａ，Ｂの付着物量が平均で６．８８ｋｇ重かった。なお、比較例Ａ，Ｂでは、３３ｍｍ程度の赤ざら稚貝が大量に付着していた。へい死数は、第５の実施例Ａでは２枚（殻長５８ｍｍ）、比較例Ａでは２枚（殻長５８ｍｍ）であった。ホタテの総重量は、第５の実施例Ａでは１５．１５ｋｇ、第５の実施例Ｂでは１６．２ｋｇ、比較例Ａでは１４．８ｋｇ、比較例Ｂでは１５．９５ｋｇとなり、比較例Ａ，Ｂに対して第５の実施例Ａ，Ｂが平均で０．３０５ｋｇ重かった。第５の実施例Ａで回収されたホタテ貝の内訳を表７に示し、比較例Ａで回収されたホタテ貝の内訳を表８に示す。   As shown in Table 6, the soot weight (wet weight) is 6.7 kg in the fifth example A, 6.3 kg in the fifth example B, 12.95 kg in the comparative example A, and 13 in the comparative example B. The amount of deposits in Comparative Examples A and B was 6.88 kg on average with respect to the fifth Examples A and B. In Comparative Examples A and B, a large amount of red larvae having a size of about 33 mm was attached. The number of dead deaths was 2 in the fifth example A (shell length 58 mm), and 2 in the comparative example A (shell length 58 mm). The total weight of the scallop was 15.15 kg in the fifth example A, 16.2 kg in the fifth example B, 14.8 kg in the comparative example A, 15.95 kg in the comparative example B, and the comparative examples A and B On the other hand, 5th Example A and B averaged 0.305 kg. A breakdown of the scallops recovered in the fifth example A is shown in Table 7, and a breakdown of the scallops recovered in the comparative example A is shown in Table 8.

表７及び表８において、１枚当たりのホタテの重量及び軟体部の重量は、各サイズで無作為に選ばれた１０枚のホタテの重量及び軟体部の重量を計量して、１０枚の平均値をそれぞれ算出した。また、各サイズのホタテの全重量及び軟体部の全重量は、１枚当たりのホタテの重量及び軟体部の重量に各サイズの枚数を掛けることでそれぞれ算出した。１枚当たりのホタテの重量は、第５の実施例Ａでは４０ｇ、比較例Ａでは３５．１６ｇとなり、第５の実施例Ａが１３．７％重かった。１枚当たりの軟体部の重量は、第５の実施例Ａでは１５．５５ｇ、比較例Ａでは１４．５９ｇとなり、第５の実施例Ａが０．９６ｇ（６．６％）重かった。軟体部の総重量は、第５の実施例Ａでは５．２４ｋｇ、比較例Ａでは４．３２ｋｇとなり、比較例Ａに対して第５の実施例Ａが０．９２ｋｇ（２１％）重かった。   In Tables 7 and 8, the scallop weight and soft body weight per sheet are the average of 10 scallops and soft body weights randomly selected for each size. Each value was calculated. Further, the total weight of each size scallop and the total weight of the soft body portion were calculated by multiplying the weight of each scallop and the soft body portion by the number of each size. The weight of one scallop was 40 g in the fifth example A and 35.16 g in the comparative example A, and the fifth example A was 13.7% heavier. The weight of the soft body part per sheet was 15.55 g in the fifth example A and 14.59 g in the comparative example A, and the weight of the fifth example A was 0.96 g (6.6%). The total weight of the soft body part was 5.24 kg in the fifth example A and 4.32 kg in the comparative example A, and the fifth example A was 0.92 kg (21%) heavier than the comparative example A.

＜第６の実施例＞
第６の実施例Ａ，Ｂとして、防汚被膜が形成された１．０分、１０段の座布団篭を２連用いて稚貝を試験的に養殖した。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。第６の実施例に１段３０枚ずつ、３０ｍｍの稚貝を入れて、青森県野辺地町馬門地区の海中で、平成２７年９月〜平成２８年５月１９日の期間で養殖した。また、第６の実施例Ａ，Ｂに対する比較例Ａ，Ｂとして、防汚被膜が形成されていない１．５分、１０段の座布団篭を２連用いて、第６の実施例と同様の稚貝数、場所、期間で養殖した。第６の実施例Ａ，Ｂ及び比較例Ａ，Ｂの篭重量（湿重量）、ホタテの総重量の測定結果を表９に示す。 <Sixth embodiment>
As sixth examples A and B, larvae were cultivated experimentally using two 10-stage cushion mats for 1.0 minute on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the sixth embodiment, 30 pieces of 30 mm larvae were placed in each stage and cultured in the sea of Nomonji-cho, Ahemori Prefecture in the period from September 2015 to May 19, 2016. Further, as Comparative Examples A and B with respect to the sixth Examples A and B, the same kind of juvenile as in the sixth example was used by using two 10-minute cushion cushions for 1.5 minutes in which the antifouling coating was not formed. Farmed by number, location and duration of shellfish. Table 9 shows the measurement results of the soot weight (wet weight) and the total weight of the scallops of the sixth example A and B and the comparative examples A and B.

表９に示すように、篭重量（湿重量）は、第６の実施例Ａでは６．０ｋｇ、第６の実施例Ｂでは６．６ｋｇ、比較例Ａでは１２．５ｋｇ、比較例Ｂでは１３．６ｋｇとなり、第６の実施例Ａ，Ｂに対して比較例Ａ，Ｂの付着物量が平均で６．７５ｋｇ重かった。ホタテの総重量は、第６の実施例Ａでは１５．３ｋｇ、第６の実施例Ｂでは１６．０ｋｇ、比較例Ａでは１７．５ｋｇ、比較例Ｂでは１７．２ｋｇとなり、比較例Ａ，Ｂが多いかと思われたが、ホタテの総重量は、篭から出したホタテ及び付着物を纏めて計量した値であり、比較例Ａ，Ｂではホタテ以外の貝や付着物が大量に含まれていた。比較例Ａ，Ｂでは、ムラサキ貝（カラス貝）が大量に入っており、ホタテがムラサキ貝にくっつき、図１３に示すように変形貝となっていた。変形貝は５６枚であり、６０ｍｍ以下、特に５０ｍｍ前後のサイズで多かった。変形貝の計量値を表１０に示す。   As shown in Table 9, the soot weight (wet weight) is 6.0 kg in the sixth example A, 6.6 kg in the sixth example B, 12.5 kg in the comparative example A, and 13 in the comparative example B. The amount of deposits in Comparative Examples A and B was 6.75 kg on average with respect to the sixth Examples A and B. The total weight of the scallops was 15.3 kg in the sixth example A, 16.0 kg in the sixth example B, 17.5 kg in the comparative example A, and 17.2 kg in the comparative example B. However, the total weight of the scallops is a value obtained by weighing together the scallops and deposits from the jar, and Comparative Examples A and B contain a large amount of shellfish and deposits other than scallops. It was. In Comparative Examples A and B, a large amount of mussels (crows) was included, and scallops stuck to the mussels, resulting in deformed shells as shown in FIG. There were 56 deformed shellfish, with a size of 60 mm or less, particularly around 50 mm. Table 10 shows the measured values of the deformed shellfish.

表１０に基づき、比較例Ａ，Ｂでのホタテの総重量の減産量は８４０ｇであり、実際のホタテの総重量は第６の実施例Ａ，Ｂの方が重かった。第６の実施例Ｂで回収されたホタテ貝の内訳を表１１に示し、比較例Ａで回収されたホタテ貝の内訳を表１２に示し、第６の実施例Ｂで回収された変形貝の内訳を表１３に示す。 Based on Table 10, the total weight reduction of the scallops in Comparative Examples A and B was 840 g, and the actual total scallop weight was higher in the sixth Examples A and B. A breakdown of the scallops recovered in the sixth example B is shown in Table 11, a breakdown of the scallops recovered in the comparative example A is shown in Table 12, and the deformation of the scallops recovered in the sixth example B The breakdown is shown in Table 13.

へい死数は、第６の実施例Ｂでは１枚、比較例Ａでは２枚であった。１枚当たりの重量は、第６の実施例Ｂでは４５．６ｇ、比較例Ａでは４５．６ｇとなり両者が一致した。１枚当たりの軟体部の重量は、第６の実施例Ｂでは１９．６８ｇ、比較例Ａでは１６．２０ｇとなり、第６の実施例Ｂが２１．５％重かった。軟体部の全重量は、第６の実施例Ｂでは６．１６２ｋｇ、比較例Ａでは４．８５９ｋｇとなり、第６の実施例Ｂが１．３０３ｋｇ（２７％）重かった。   The number of dead deaths was 1 in the sixth example B and 2 in the comparative example A. The weight per sheet was 45.6 g in the sixth example B, and 45.6 g in the comparative example A, and both coincided. The weight of the soft body part per sheet was 19.68 g in the sixth example B and 16.20 g in the comparative example A, and the sixth example B was 21.5% heavier. The total weight of the soft part was 6.162 kg in the sixth example B and 4.859 kg in the comparative example A, and the sixth example B was 1.303 kg (27%) heavier.

＜第７の実施例＞
第７の実施例として、防汚被膜が形成された３．０分、６段の座布団篭を１連用いて稚貝を試験的に養殖した。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。第７の実施例に３０ｍｍの稚貝を１篭６枚ずつ入れて、青森県清水川の海中で、平成２７年１１月１５日〜平成２８年５月１９日の期間で養殖した。平成２８年５月１９日に水揚げ後、第７の実施例で回収されたホタテ貝の内訳を表１４に示す。 <Seventh embodiment>
As a seventh example, larvae were experimentally cultivated using a series of 6-stage cushion mats for 3.0 minutes on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the seventh embodiment, 6 pieces of each 30 mm juvenile shellfish were put and cultured in the water of Shimizu River, Aomori Prefecture, from November 15, 2015 to May 19, 2016. Table 14 shows the breakdown of the scallops recovered in the seventh example after landing on May 19, 2016.

なお、第７の実施例では、平成２８年４月頃までは付着物は無かったが、平成２８年５月頃にキヌマトイガイ（コメガキ）が付着した。   In the seventh example, there was no deposit until around April 2016, but Kinumatogai (Komegaki) was deposited around May 2016.

＜第８の実施例＞
第８の実施例として、防汚被膜が形成された４段の座布団篭を平成２７年９月５日〜平成２８年５月１９日の期間でむつ市近川沖の海中に吊るした。比較例として、防汚被膜が形成されていない４段の座布団篭を、第８の実施例と同様の場所、期間で吊るした。その後、平成２８年５月１９日に水揚げし、付着物の種類を観察した。 <Eighth embodiment>
As an eighth example, a four-tier cushion cushion with an antifouling coating was suspended in the sea off Kunikawa off Mutsu City during the period from September 5, 2015 to May 19, 2016. As a comparative example, a four-tier cushion cushion with no antifouling coating was hung at the same place and period as in the eighth example. Then, it landed on May 19, 2016, and the kind of deposit | attachment was observed.

第８の実施例に係る座布団篭では、付着物の湿重量は１０５０ｇであり、１ネット当たり２６０ｇである。図１４及び図１５に示すように、第８の実施例に係る座布団篭では、付着物が比較的少ない。図１６に示すように、第８の実施例に係る座布団篭では、キヌマトイガイ（コメガキ）とワレカラが優先して付着しており、両者がネットに密集することによって塊を形成して繊維表面に乗っており、振動を与えると比較的容易に落下する。このため、第８の実施例に係る座布団篭は容易に洗浄して再利用可能となる。   In the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment, the wet weight of the deposit is 1050 g, which is 260 g per net. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, in the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment, there are relatively few deposits. As shown in FIG. 16, in the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment, Kinumatogai (Komegaki) and Walekara are preferentially adhering to each other, and both gather together on the net to form a lump and ride on the fiber surface. It drops relatively easily when subjected to vibration. For this reason, the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment can be easily washed and reused.

第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡による観察結果を図１７〜図２４に示す。図１７、図１８、図２１、図２２に示すように、第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の繊維表面は滑らかである。図１９、図２０、図２３、図２４に示すように、第８の実施例に係る座布団篭の繊維表面には付着珪藻は殆ど付いていないことが分かる。   The observation result by the electron microscope of the fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 17, 18, 21, and 22, the fiber surface of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment is smooth. As shown in FIGS. 19, 20, 23, and 24, it can be seen that the attached diatom is hardly attached to the fiber surface of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment.

一方、比較例に係る座布団篭では、付着物の湿重量は１５５０ｇであり、１ネット当たり５２０ｇと、第８の実施例よりも重かった。図２５に示すように、比較例に係る座布団篭には多くの付着物が付着していた。図２６及び図２７に示すように、キヌマトイガイや多毛類、ヒドロ虫、ワレカラ、ネンエキボヤ等の多種類の海中生物が多量に付着しており、特にカンザシゴカイ等の多毛類が多量に付着していた。白い管は多毛類の棲管であり、付着力が強く、高圧洗浄等の強力な洗浄でも外すのが難しい。   On the other hand, in the cushion cushion according to the comparative example, the wet weight of the deposit was 1550 g, which was 520 g per net, which was heavier than the eighth example. As shown in FIG. 25, many deposits adhered to the cushion cushion according to the comparative example. As shown in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, a large amount of many kinds of marine organisms such as kinuma toys, polychaetes, hydro-insects, wallecaras, nenekiboya and the like, especially a large amount of polychaetes such as Kansagogokai. The white tube is a polychaet tube and has strong adhesion, and it is difficult to remove it even with strong washing such as high-pressure washing.

比較例に係る座布団篭の繊維構造の電子顕微鏡による観察結果を図２８〜図３５に示す。図２８、図２９、図３２、図３３に示すように、比較例に係る座布団篭の繊維表面は滑らかでなく、ざらついている。図３０、図３１、図３４、図３５に示すように、比較例に係る座布団篭の繊維表面には付着珪藻が多量に付いているのが観察された。   The observation result by the electron microscope of the fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on a comparative example is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 28, 29, 32, and 33, the fiber surface of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example is not smooth but rough. As shown in FIG. 30, FIG. 31, FIG. 34, and FIG. 35, it was observed that a large amount of attached diatom was attached to the fiber surface of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example.

＜第９の実施例＞
第９の実施例Ａ，Ｂとして、防汚被膜が形成された１．０分、１０段の座布団篭を用いて稚貝を試験的に養殖した。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。第９の実施例Ａ，Ｂのそれぞれに１段３０枚ずつ、３０ｍｍの稚貝を入れて、青森県脇野沢蛸田地区の海中で、平成２７年１０月〜平成２８年６月２１日の期間で養殖した。また、比較例として、防汚被膜が形成されていない１．５分、８段の重り無しの座布団篭を用いて、第９の実施例Ａ，Ｂと同様の稚貝数、場所、期間で養殖した。第９の実施例Ａ，Ｂ及び比較例の付着物量（湿重量）、へい死数、ホタテの総重量の測定結果を表１５に示す。 <Ninth embodiment>
As 9th Example A and B, the young shellfish were culture | cultivated experimentally using the 10-stage cushion cushion for 1.0 minute in which the antifouling film was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. A period of October 2015 to June 21, 2016 in the sea of Wakinozawa Kamata district, Aomori Prefecture, with 30 mm juveniles in each of the ninth embodiment A and B, 30 steps each Farmed in. In addition, as a comparative example, using a cushion mattress with no weight of 1.5 minutes and no antifouling coating, the number of larvae, place, and period as in the ninth example A and B Farmed. Table 15 shows the measurement results of the amount of deposits (wet weight), the number of dead deaths, and the total weight of scallops of the ninth examples A and B and the comparative example.

付着物量（湿重量）は、第９の実施例Ａでは５．２７ｋｇ、第９の実施例Ｂでは５．１１ｋｇ、比較例では４．１８ｋｇとなり、第９の実施例Ａ，Ｂに対して比較例の付着物量が平均６．７５ｋｇ多かった。へい死数は、第９の実施例Ａでは１枚、第９の実施例Ｂでは０枚、比較例では２０枚であった。ホタテの総重量は、第９の実施例Ａでは１３．９２ｋｇ、第９の実施例Ｂでは１４．９２ｋｇ、比較例では９．８９ｋｇとなり、第９の実施例Ａ，Ｂが重かった。第９の実施例Ｂのホタテ貝の内訳を表１６に示し、比較例のホタテ貝の内訳を表１７に示す。   The amount of deposits (wet weight) is 5.27 kg in the ninth example A, 5.11 kg in the ninth example B, and 4.18 kg in the comparative example, which is a comparison with the ninth example A and B. The amount of deposits in the examples was 6.75 kg on average. The number of dead deaths was 1 in the ninth example A, 0 in the ninth example B, and 20 in the comparative example. The total weight of the scallops was 13.92 kg in the ninth example A, 14.92 kg in the ninth example B, and 9.89 kg in the comparative example, and the ninth examples A and B were heavy. A breakdown of the scallops of the ninth example B is shown in Table 16, and a breakdown of the scallops of the comparative example is shown in Table 17.

１枚当たりの重量は、第９の実施例では５６．４５ｇ、比較例では３０．７ｋｇとなり、第９の実施例が２５．７５ｇ（８３％）重かった。１枚当たりの軟体部の重量は、第９の実施例Ｂでは２３．６ｇとなり、比較例では１０．９ｇとなり、第９の実施例Ｂが１２．７ｇ（１１６％）重かった。   The weight per sheet was 56.45 g in the ninth example and 30.7 kg in the comparative example, and the ninth example was 25.75 g (83%) heavier. The weight of the soft body per sheet was 23.6 g in the ninth example B, 10.9 g in the comparative example, and 12.7 g (116%) heavier in the ninth example B.

＜第１０の実施例＞
第１０の実施例Ａ，Ｂとして、防汚被膜が形成された１．０分、１０段の座布団篭を２連用いて稚貝を試験的に養殖した。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。第１０の実施例Ａ，Ｂに係るホタテ用養殖篭に１段３０枚ずつ、３０ｍｍの稚貝を入れて、青森県脇野沢桂沢地区の海中において、平成２７年１０月〜平成２８年６月２１日の期間で養殖した。また、比較例Ａ，Ｂとして、防汚被膜が形成されていない１．５分、８段の座布団篭を用いて、第１０の実施例Ａ，Ｂと同様の稚貝数、場所、期間で養殖した。第１０の実施例Ａ，Ｂ及び比較例Ａ，Ｂの付着物量（湿重量）、へい死数、ホタテの総重量の測定結果を表１８に示す。 <Tenth embodiment>
As 10th Examples A and B, young shellfish were cultivated on a trial basis using two 10-stage cushion mats for 1.0 minute on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. 30 larvae of 30 mm per stage are placed in the culture scallops according to the tenth example A and B, and in the sea of Katsurazawa, Wakinozawa, Aomori Prefecture, from October 2015 to June 21, 2016 Farmed in the day period. In addition, as Comparative Examples A and B, 1.5 minutes in which the antifouling film is not formed, using an eight-level cushion cushion, with the same number of juveniles, place, and period as in the tenth Example A and B Farmed. Table 18 shows the measurement results of the amount of deposits (wet weight), the number of deaths from death, and the total weight of scallops of the tenth Example A and B and Comparative Examples A and B.

表１８に示すように、付着物量は、第１０の実施例Ａでは６．２９ｋｇ、第１０の実施例Ｂでは５．６９ｋｇ、比較例Ａでは４．７９ｋｇ、比較例Ｂでは４．３ｋｇとなり、第１０の実施例Ａ，Ｂに対して比較例Ａ，Ｂの付着物量が平均６．７５ｋｇ多かった。へい死数は、第１０の実施例Ａでは２９枚、第１０の実施例Ｂでは１３枚、比較例Ａでは３１枚であった。ホタテの総重量は、第１０の実施例Ａでは１２．３９ｋｇ、第１０の実施例Ｂでは１２．６５ｋｇ、比較例Ａでは８．４６ｋｇ、比較例Ｂでは１０．０ｋｇであった。第１０の実施例Ａのホタテ貝の内訳を表１９に示し、比較例のホタテ貝の内訳を表２０に示す。   As shown in Table 18, the amount of deposits was 6.29 kg in the tenth example A, 5.69 kg in the tenth example B, 4.79 kg in the comparative example A, and 4.3 kg in the comparative example B. The amount of deposits in Comparative Examples A and B was 6.75 kg on average compared to the tenth Examples A and B. The number of dead deaths was 29 in the tenth example A, 13 in the tenth example B, and 31 in the comparative example A. The total weight of the scallops was 12.39 kg in the tenth example A, 12.65 kg in the tenth example B, 8.46 kg in the comparative example A, and 10.0 kg in the comparative example B. A breakdown of the scallops of the tenth example A is shown in Table 19, and a breakdown of the scallops of the comparative example is shown in Table 20.

１枚当たりの重量は、第１０の実施例Ａでは４４．６９ｇ、比較例では３２．１ｋｇとなり、第１０の実施例Ａが３９％程度増加した。１枚当たりの軟体部の重量は、第１０の実施例Ａでは２０．７９ｇ、比較例では１３．０ｇとなり、第１０の実施例Ａが７．７９ｇ（５９％）重かった。軟体部の全重量は、篭の目合い、段数、収容枚数、篭重りの有無等の条件が異なるため、参考値としてであるが、第１０の実施例Ａでは４．４９ｋｇ、比較例では２．５３ｋｇとなり、第１０の実施例Ａが１．９６ｋｇ（１００％）重かった。   The weight per sheet was 44.69 g in the tenth example A and 32.1 kg in the comparative example, and the tenth example A increased by about 39%. The weight of the soft part per sheet was 20.79 g in the tenth example A and 13.0 g in the comparative example, and the tenth example A was 7.79 g (59%) heavier. The total weight of the soft body part is a reference value because the conditions such as the scale of the ridge, the number of steps, the number of sheets accommodated, and the presence or absence of the heel weight are different, but are used as reference values. In the tenth example A, 4.49 kg, and in the comparative example, 2 The 10th Example A was 1.96 kg (100%) heavier.

＜第１１の実施例＞
第１１の実施例として、防汚被膜が形成された１．０分、１３段の座布団篭を用いて稚貝を試験的に養殖した。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。第１１の実施例に１段当たり１７〜１８枚、３０ｍｍの稚貝を入れて、青森県外ヶ浜町蟹田塩城地区の海中において、平成２７年１１月〜平成２８年６月３０日の期間で養殖した。また、比較例として、防汚被膜が形成されていない４．０分、１３段の座布団篭を用いて１段当たり１９．３枚、３０ｍｍの稚貝を入れて、第１１の実施例と同様の稚貝数、場所、期間で養殖した。第１１の実施例及び比較例の付着物量（湿重量）、へい死数、ホタテの水揚げ時の総重量、ホタテの計量時の総重量の測定結果を表２１に示す。 <Eleventh embodiment>
As an eleventh example, juveniles were experimentally cultivated using a 13-stage cushion cushion for 1.0 minute on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the eleventh embodiment, put 17-18 larvae of 30mm per stage, and in the sea of Hamada Shiojo, Sotogahama-cho, Aomori Prefecture, in the period from November 2015 to June 30, 2016 Farmed. Further, as a comparative example, 4.0 minutes without an antifouling coating, 19.3 sheets of 30 mm juvenile shells per stage using a 13-stage cushion cushion, and the same as in the eleventh embodiment Cultivated in the number, location and duration of larvae. Table 21 shows the measurement results of the amount of adhering material (wet weight), the number of dead deaths, the total weight when landing scallops, and the total weight when measuring scallops in the eleventh example and the comparative example.

第１１の実施例及び比較例は網目及び収容数が異なるが、付着物量（湿重量）は、第１１の実施例では４．６ｋｇ、比較例では５．５４ｋｇとなり、比較例に係る座布団篭の付着物量が多かった。へい死数は、第１１の実施例では１５枚、比較例では１４枚となり、第１１の実施例が収容数が多いにも関わらず、へい死数が２．１％少なかった。ホタテの水揚げ時の総重量は、第１１の実施例では２１．６ｋｇ、比較例では１６．９８ｋｇとなった。ホタテの計量時の総重量は、第１１の実施例では１８．９２ｋｇ、比較例では１６．３ｋｇとなり、第１１の実施例が２．６２ｋｇ（１６％）重かった。第１１の実施例のホタテ貝の内訳を表２２に示し、比較例のホタテ貝の内訳を表２３に示す。   The eleventh example and the comparative example differ in mesh and number of accommodation, but the amount of deposits (wet weight) is 4.6 kg in the eleventh example and 5.54 kg in the comparative example. The amount of deposits was large. The number of dead deaths was 15 in the eleventh example and 14 in the comparative example. Although the eleventh example had a large number of accommodations, the number of dead deaths was 2.1% lower. The total weight of the scallop when landing was 21.6 kg in the eleventh example and 16.98 kg in the comparative example. The total weight of the scallops weighed was 18.92 kg in the eleventh example and 16.3 kg in the comparative example, and the eleventh example was 2.62 kg (16%) heavier. A breakdown of the scallops of the eleventh example is shown in Table 22, and a breakdown of the scallops of the comparative example is shown in Table 23.

１枚当たりの重量は、第１１の実施例では５５．０３ｇ、比較例では５１．０３ｇとなり、第１１の実施例が４６ｇ（７．８％）重かった。１枚当たりの軟体部の重量は、第１１の実施例では２４．０ｇ、比較例では２６．２ｇとなり、比較例が２．２ｇ（８．４％）重かった。青森県外ヶ浜町は、潮流が早く、付着物が最も多い海域であり、従来は１．０分篭は付着物で閉塞するとともに成長も見込めないため、４．０分篭でなければいけないというのが漁業者の一般常識であった。これに対して、第１１の実施例によれば、あえて１．０分篭を用いたところ、良好な結果が得られた。   The weight per sheet was 55.03 g in the eleventh example and 51.03 g in the comparative example, and the eleventh example was 46 g (7.8%) heavier. The weight of the soft body per sheet was 24.0 g in the eleventh example and 26.2 g in the comparative example, and the comparative example was 2.2 g (8.4%) heavier. Sotogahama-cho, Aomori Prefecture is the sea where the tide is fast and the amount of deposits is the highest. Conventionally, 1.0 min is blocked by deposits and cannot grow, so it must be 4.0 min. There was general knowledge of fishermen. On the other hand, according to the eleventh example, a good result was obtained when 1.0 minute was used.

＜第１２の実施例＞
第１２の実施例として、ナノ・マイクロバブルによる稚貝の活性化試験を行った。平成２７年６月に、８５ｍｍ、６５ｇの半成貝を水槽に入れてナノ・マイクロバブルによる活性化を２時間行った後、防汚被膜が形成された３分、１０段の丸篭を用いて、１篭に１０枚〜１２枚ずつ入れて、合計１２０枚を青森県奥内地区の海中で養殖した。防汚被膜は、セイフティプロシリーズ網篭浸漬タイプに編地を浸漬することにより形成した。その後、平成２８年５月１３日に水揚げした。第１２の実施例で回収されたホタテ貝の内訳を表２４に示す。 <Twelfth embodiment>
As a twelfth example, an activation test of juvenile shellfish using nano / micro bubbles was performed. In June 2015, 85mm, 65g semi-shells were placed in an aquarium and activated with nano / micro bubbles for 2 hours. In total, 10 to 12 pieces were put in one cage, and a total of 120 pieces were cultivated in the sea in the Okunai district of Aomori Prefecture. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. After that, it was landed on May 13, 2016. Table 24 shows a breakdown of the scallops collected in the twelfth embodiment.

生存貝は１０７枚であり、合計重量は２３．６ｋｇ、１枚当たりの平均重量は２２０ｇであった。へい死数は１３枚であり、その内訳は殻長９ｃｍが３枚、殻長１１ｃｍが３枚、殻長１２ｃｍが７枚であった。殻長は平均１１．５６ｃｍで、殻長１２ｃｍ以上が６１枚（５１％）であった。殻長１２ｃｍの重量は通常１９０ｇとされているが、第１２の実施例によれば殻長１２ｃｍの重量が２５０ｇと３２％重かった。   There were 107 viable shellfish, and the total weight was 23.6 kg, and the average weight per piece was 220 g. The number of dead deaths was 13, which consisted of 3 shell lengths of 9 cm, 3 shell lengths of 3 cm, and 7 shell lengths of 12 cm. The average shell length was 11.56 cm, and 61 shells (51%) had a shell length of 12 cm or more. The weight of the shell length of 12 cm is usually 190 g, but according to the twelfth embodiment, the weight of the shell length of 12 cm was 250 g, which was 32% heavier.

以上、第１の実施例〜第１２の実施例について説明したが、青森県陸奥湾は、全国８８海湾の中でも閉鎖性が高く、年換水率２０％〜３０％で３ヶ月に１回海水が入れ替わり、夏期の高温時は高水温が続く。このため、従来は、２夏期時にそれぞれ３０〜３５％のホタテがへい死しており、２夏期を経て７０％ものホタテがへい死していた。よって、青森県陸奥湾は成貝養殖に不向きと考えられ、半成貝養殖が主流で、単価が安く、離職者が増える原因となっていた。   As described above, the first to twelfth examples have been described. However, Mutsu Bay in Aomori Prefecture is highly closed among 88 sea bays nationwide, with seawater once every three months at an annual water conversion rate of 20% to 30%. The water temperature continues to change at high temperatures in summer. For this reason, conventionally, 30 to 35% of scallops died in the second summer, and 70% of scallops died after the second summer. Therefore, Mutsu Bay in Aomori Prefecture was considered unsuitable for adult shell culture, and semi-adult shell culture was the mainstream, resulting in a low unit price and an increase in the number of retired employees.

これに対して、第１の実施例〜第１２の実施例によれば、平成２７年６月〜平成２８年５月に半成貝を試験的に養殖した結果、へい死数は１０．８％に留まり、殆どの成貝が夏越しできていた。そして、成貝サイズが１２ｃｍ以上に成長し、２年で成貝をヴァージン貝として出荷可能となった。また、陸奥湾内の各所で平成２７年９月〜平成２８年５月に半成貝を養殖した結果、へい死数は略０であり、しかも比較例に対して平均３０％の増量が見られた。したがって、陸奥湾においても、２年間の養殖期間での成貝養殖を良好に行うことが可能となり、年間を通じて販売商品に応じたサイズのホタテを一定量安定して出荷できるため、養殖業者は安定した収入を確保できる。例えば、一般に成貝が市場に出回らない時期にも出荷可能となり、出荷時期やサイズを選べるため収入増が見込める。更に、第１の実施例〜第１２の実施例によれば、各比較例に対して付着物量が大幅に抑制できており、篭替作業や篭洗浄作業等の重労働が軽減されるとともに、経費も削減できる。このように、本発明は青森県陸奥湾のホタテ養殖事業において顕著な効果を奏するとともに、シリコン処理された採苗器やホタテ用養殖篭の使用により陸奥湾の底質改善にも寄与するものである。   On the other hand, according to the first to twelfth examples, as a result of experimentally culturing semi-adults from June 2015 to May 2016, the mortality rate was 10.8%. Most adult shellfish were over the summer. And the adult shell size grew to 12cm or more, and it became possible to ship adult shells as virgin shells in two years. In addition, as a result of culturing semi-shellfish in various places in Mutsu Bay from September 2015 to May 2016, the number of mortal deaths was almost zero, and an average increase of 30% was seen compared to the comparative example. . Therefore, in Mutsu Bay, adult shellfish can be well cultivated in a two-year cultivation period, and a certain amount of scallops according to the product sold can be shipped stably throughout the year, so that the cultivator is stable. You can secure your income. For example, it is generally possible to ship even when adult oysters are not on the market, and an increase in income can be expected because the shipping time and size can be selected. Furthermore, according to the first to twelfth examples, the amount of deposits can be greatly suppressed for each comparative example, and heavy labor such as replacement work and cleaning work can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Can also be reduced. As described above, the present invention has a remarkable effect in the scallop aquaculture business in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, and also contributes to the improvement of the bottom sediment of Mutsu Bay by using a siliconized seedling device and a culture scallop for scallops. is there.

（その他の実施の形態）
上記のように、本発明は実施の形態によって記載したが、この開示の一部をなす論述及び図面は本発明を限定するものであると理解すべきではない。この開示から当業者には様々な代替実施の形態、実施例及び運用技術が明らかとなろう。 (Other embodiments)
As described above, the present invention has been described according to the embodiment. However, it should not be understood that the description and drawings constituting a part of this disclosure limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples and operational techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

例えば、本発明の実施形態においては、図１及び図２に示すように、育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅを構成する付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅ及び育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅが、支持枠３０〜４０により互いに区画されている１連１０段の構造を例示したが、図３６に示すように、育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅ間を仕切る支持枠３２，３４，３６，３８，４０のみが配置され、図１及び図２に示した支持枠３１，３３，３５，３７，３９が無い構成であってもよい。   For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the adhesion chambers 11 a to 11 e and the growth chambers 12 a to 12 e constituting the growth units 1 a to 1 e are partitioned from each other by the support frames 30 to 40. However, as shown in FIG. 36, only the support frames 32, 34, 36, 38, and 40 that partition the growing units 1a to 1e are arranged, as shown in FIGS. A configuration without the illustrated support frames 31, 33, 35, 37, and 39 may be employed.

また、本発明の実施形態においては、図３に示すように支持枠３０が環状の支持部３０ａ及び十字状の支持部３０ｂ，３０ｃからなる構造を例示したが、これに特に限定されない。例えば、図３７（ａ）に示すように、支持枠３０が環状の支持部のみから構成されていてもよく、他の支持枠３１〜４０も同様である。   Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the support frame 30 is exemplified by the structure including the annular support portion 30a and the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c, but is not particularly limited thereto. For example, as shown to Fig.37 (a), the support frame 30 may be comprised only from the cyclic | annular support part, and the other support frames 31-40 are the same.

また、図１及び図２に示した付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅは必ずしも蓋網２０及び底網２１〜２４に括り付けられる必要はなく、付着網１０ａ〜１０ｅが付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅから育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅへ落下しない構造であればよい。例えば、付着室１１ａ〜１１ｅと育成室１２ａ〜１２ｅとを仕切る支持枠３１，３３，３５，３７，３９の十字状の支持部で落下を防止してもよい。また、図３７（ｂ）に示すように、付着室１１ａと育成室１２ａとを仕切る支持枠３１に、付着室１１ａに収納された付着網１０ａは育成室１２ａに落下させず、稚貝は落下可能な程度の開口部を有するドーナツ状の網３１ｘが取り付けられていてもよい。   Moreover, the adhesion net | networks 10a-10e shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 do not necessarily need to be tied to the lid | cover net | network 20 and the bottom nets 21-24, and the adhesion net | networks 10a-10e are the growth chambers 12a- from the adhesion chambers 11a-11e. Any structure that does not fall into 12e may be used. For example, the fall may be prevented by the cross-shaped support portions of the support frames 31, 33, 35, 37, and 39 that partition the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 37 (b), the adhesion net 10a stored in the adhesion chamber 11a is not dropped into the growth chamber 12a on the support frame 31 that partitions the adhesion chamber 11a and the growth chamber 12a, and the juvenile falls. A donut-shaped net 31x having an opening as much as possible may be attached.

また、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭において、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅがラッセル網で構成された場合を例示したが、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅの編地は特に限定されず、蛙又網等の種々の編地が使用可能である。また、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅの網目のサイズが１．５分（菱形の網目の１辺の長さが４．５ｍｍ）である場合を例示したが、網目のサイズは用途に応じて適宜選択可能である。   Moreover, although the case where the lid net | network 20, the bottom nets 21-25, and the side net | network 2a-2e were comprised by the Russell net in the scallop culture culm concerning embodiment of this invention was illustrated, the lid net | network 20, the bottom net | network 21 The knitted fabrics of ˜25 and the side nets 2a to 2e are not particularly limited, and various knitted fabrics such as a braided net or the like can be used. Moreover, although the case where the mesh size of the cover mesh 20, the bottom meshes 21 to 25, and the side meshes 2a to 2e is 1.5 minutes (the length of one side of the rhombus mesh is 4.5 mm) is illustrated. The size can be appropriately selected according to the application.

また、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅの素材、編地及び網目のサイズ等は互いに同一であってもよく、互いに異なっていてもよい。更に、蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅに形成される防汚被膜の種類は互いに同一であってもよく、互いに異なっていてもよい。   Moreover, the material of the lid net | network 20, the bottom net | networks 21-25, and the side net | network 2a-2e, the knitted fabric, the mesh size, etc. may mutually be the same, and may mutually differ. Further, the types of antifouling coatings formed on the lid network 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25 and the side nets 2a to 2e may be the same or different from each other.

また、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭としては、５つの育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅを有する構造を例示したが、これに限定されず、少なくとも１つの育成ユニットを有していればよい。例えば、１０個の育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅを上下に連ねた構造であってもよい。   Moreover, although the structure which has the five breeding units 1a-1e was illustrated as a culture scallop for scallops which concerns on embodiment of this invention, it is not limited to this, What is necessary is just to have at least one breeding unit. For example, a structure in which ten growing units 1a to 1e are vertically connected may be used.

また、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭は、少なくとも蓋網２０、底網２１〜２５及び側網２ａ〜２ｅに防汚被膜が形成されていることが好ましい。本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭は、少なくとも側網２ａ〜２ｅに防汚被膜が形成されていれば、各育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅの側面に海中生物及びゴミが付着し難くなるので、各育成ユニット１ａ〜１ｅ内の海水中の酸素濃度及び餌料量の減少を抑制可能である。更に、本発明の実施形態に係るホタテ用養殖篭を覆うように被せ網を被せてもよく、この被せ網の編地にも防汚被膜が形成されていてもよい。   Moreover, it is preferable that the anti-fouling film is formed in the cultivation net for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention at least on the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2a to 2e. Since the culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention has an antifouling coating formed on at least the side nets 2a to 2e, it is difficult for marine organisms and garbage to adhere to the side surfaces of the respective growing units 1a to 1e. It is possible to suppress a decrease in oxygen concentration and feed amount in seawater in each of the breeding units 1a to 1e. Furthermore, a covering net may be covered so as to cover the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, and an antifouling coating may be formed on the knitted fabric of the covering net.

本発明のホタテ用養殖篭及びホタテの養殖方法は、日本各地及び世界各地でのホタテの養殖業に利用可能である。   The scallop culture culm and the scallop cultivation method of the present invention can be used for scallop cultivation in various parts of Japan and around the world.

１ａ〜１ｅ…育成ユニット
２ａ〜２ｅ，５４ａ〜５４ｊ…側網
３…吊下げ用ロープ
４…開口部
１０ａ〜１０ｅ，４２…付着網
１１ａ〜１１ｅ…付着室
１２ａ〜１２ｅ，５１ａ〜５１ｊ…育成室
２０，５２ａ…蓋網
２１〜２５，５２ｂ〜５２ｋ…底網
３０〜４０，５３ａ〜５３ｋ…支持枠
３０ａ〜３０ｃ…支持部
４１…玉葱袋
５５…吊下げ用ロープ 1a to 1e ... growing units 2a to 2e, 54a to 54j ... side net 3 ... hanging rope 4 ... openings 10a to 10e, 42 ... adhesion nets 11a to 11e ... adhesion chambers 12a to 12e, 51a to 51j ... growth chambers 20, 52a ... lid meshes 21-25, 52b-52k ... bottom meshes 30-40, 53a-53k ... support frames 30a-30c ... support part 41 ... onion bag 55 ... hanging rope

Claims (5)

ホタテの稚貝を付着させる付着網が収納された第１空間が構成する付着室と、
前記第１空間の下に前記第１空間と連続して配置された第２空間であって、前記付着網から落下した前記稚貝を受け止める底網を有する育成室と、
前記付着室と前記育成室の側面を連続して覆う側網と、
を備える育成ユニットを上下に複数個連続し、最上段の前記育成ユニットの上側に蓋網を更に配置し、
少なくとも前記蓋網、前記底網及び前記側網に、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する防汚被膜が形成されていることを特徴とするホタテ用養殖篭。 An adhering chamber formed by a first space in which an adhering net for adhering scallops is attached;
A second space that is arranged continuously with the first space under the first space, and has a growing room having a bottom net that catches the juvenile shell that has fallen from the adhesion net;
A side net that continuously covers side surfaces of the adhesion chamber and the growth chamber;
A plurality of rearing units are continuously provided above and below, and a lid net is further arranged on the upper side of the uppermost rearing unit,
A culture scallop for scallops, wherein an antifouling film for suppressing adhesion of marine organisms and dust is formed on at least the lid net, the bottom net and the side net. 海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する第１の防汚被膜が形成された編地の採苗器を海中に吊るしてホタテの稚貝を採苗する第１の段階と、
前記採苗された稚貝を、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する第２の防汚被膜が形成された編地の第１の篭に移し替えて海中に吊るして前記稚貝を育成する第２の段階と、
前記第１の篭から採取した前記稚貝を、前記第１の篭よりも網目のサイズが大きく、海中生物及びゴミの付着を抑制する第３の防汚被膜が形成された編地の第２の篭に移し替えて海中に吊して前記稚貝を育成する第３の段階と、
を含み、前記第１の篭は、
前記稚貝を付着させる付着網が収納された第１空間が構成する付着室と、
前記第１空間の下に前記第１空間と連続して配置された第２空間であって、前記付着網から落下した前記稚貝を受け止める底網を有する育成室と、
前記付着室と前記育成室の側面を連続して覆う側網と、
を備える育成ユニットを上下に複数個連続し、最上段の前記育成ユニットの上側に蓋網を更に配置し、
少なくとも前記蓋網、前記底網及び前記側網に、前記第２の防汚被膜が形成されていることを特徴とするホタテの養殖方法。 A first stage in which a seedling device of a knitted fabric formed with a first antifouling coating that suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage is suspended in the sea to seed scallop larvae;
The seedlings that have been collected are transferred to the first ridges of the knitted fabric on which a second antifouling coating is formed to suppress the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage, and the seedlings are hung in the sea to cultivate the juveniles. Two stages,
A second knitted fabric having a third antifouling coating formed on the juvenile sampled from the first cocoon and having a mesh size larger than that of the first cocoon and suppressing adhesion of marine organisms and dust. A third stage where the larvae are reared and hung in the sea to grow the juvenile shellfish,
And the first bag is
An adhering chamber formed by a first space in which an adhering net for adhering the young shellfish is stored;
A second space that is arranged continuously with the first space under the first space, and has a growing room having a bottom net that catches the juvenile shell that has fallen from the adhesion net;
A side net that continuously covers side surfaces of the adhesion chamber and the growth chamber;
A plurality of rearing units are continuously provided above and below, and a lid net is further arranged on the upper side of the uppermost rearing unit,
A method for cultivating scallops , wherein the second antifouling coating is formed on at least the lid net, the bottom net and the side net . 前記第２の篭から採取した前記稚貝が成長したホタテを産卵期前に出荷する第４の段階を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項２に記載のホタテの養殖方法。  The method for cultivating scallops according to claim 2, further comprising a fourth step of shipping the scallops grown from the second shellfish grown from the second salmon before the spawning season. 前記第２の段階は、前記稚貝を前記第１の篭に移し替える前に、前記稚貝を微細な気泡で活性化させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項２又は３に記載のホタテの養殖方法。   The scallop according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the second step includes activating the juvenile with fine bubbles before transferring the juvenile to the first cocoon. Farming methods. 前記第３の段階は、前記稚貝を前記第２の篭に移し替える前に、前記稚貝を微細な気泡で活性化させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項２又は３に記載のホタテの養殖方法。   The scallop according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the third step includes activating the juvenile with fine bubbles before transferring the juvenile to the second cocoon. Farming methods.
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