JP5932431B2 - Heating apparatus and heating method - Google Patents
Heating apparatus and heating method Download PDFInfo
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- JP5932431B2 JP5932431B2 JP2012074250A JP2012074250A JP5932431B2 JP 5932431 B2 JP5932431 B2 JP 5932431B2 JP 2012074250 A JP2012074250 A JP 2012074250A JP 2012074250 A JP2012074250 A JP 2012074250A JP 5932431 B2 JP5932431 B2 JP 5932431B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/40—Direct resistance heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Description
本発明は、「焼き入れ」や「焼き戻し」等の熱処理を行うための加熱装置及びその加熱方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a heating apparatus for performing heat treatment such as “quenching” and “tempering” and a heating method thereof.
例えば、特許文献１に記載の鋼の加熱方法では、加熱対象であるワークに直接通電する直接通電加熱方式、又はワークに誘導電流を発生させる誘導加熱方式により、ワークを加熱している。 For example, in the steel heating method described in Patent Document 1, the workpiece is heated by a direct energization heating method in which current is directly applied to the workpiece to be heated, or by an induction heating method in which an induction current is generated in the workpiece.
ところで、直接通電加熱方式では、電極クランプ部等の通電電極が配置された部位は、通電電極間等に比べて、現実に流れる電流値（電流密度）が小さいため、発熱量が小さく、ワーク全体を熱処理温度まで昇温させることが難しい。 By the way, in the direct energization heating method, the portion where the energizing electrodes such as the electrode clamps are arranged has a smaller current value (current density) than the energizing electrodes, so the amount of heat generated is small, and the entire work piece It is difficult to raise the temperature to the heat treatment temperature.
誘導加熱方式は、ワークに誘導電流を発生させることにより、ワークを発熱させるものであるが、誘導される電流の電流密度をワーク全体で均一とすることが困難であるため、ワーク全体を熱処理温度まで昇温させることが難しい。 The induction heating method heats the work by generating an induced current in the work, but it is difficult to make the current density of the induced current uniform throughout the work. It is difficult to raise the temperature.
これに対して、大気炉等の加熱された雰囲気によりワークを加熱する加熱方式を用いれば、ワーク全体が高温の雰囲気中に晒されることから、直接通電方式及び誘導加熱方式に比べてワーク全体を均一に熱処理温度まで昇温させることができる。 On the other hand, if a heating method that heats the workpiece in a heated atmosphere such as an atmospheric furnace is used, the entire workpiece is exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere. Therefore, the entire workpiece is compared with the direct energization method and the induction heating method. The temperature can be raised uniformly to the heat treatment temperature.
しかし、大気炉等を用いた加熱方式では、ワークを熱処理温度まで昇温させるに必要な時間が、直接通電方式及び誘導加熱方式に比べて長いため、生産性等の点で難がある。
本発明は、上記点に鑑み、ワーク全体を速やかに昇温させることを目的とする。
However, in the heating method using an atmospheric furnace or the like, the time required to raise the workpiece to the heat treatment temperature is longer than in the direct energization method and the induction heating method, so that there are difficulties in terms of productivity.
An object of this invention is to raise the temperature of the whole workpiece | work rapidly in view of the said point.
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、金属からなるワークの加熱装置であって、ワーク（Ｗ）を所定温度まで加熱昇温する第１加熱部（３）であって、ワークに通電することによりワークを昇温させる通電加熱器（３Ａ）及びワークに誘導電流を発生させてワークを昇温させる誘導加熱器（３Ｂ）を有する第１加熱部（３）と、第１加熱部（３）にて昇温されたワーク（Ｗ）全体が搬入され、加熱された雰囲気中又は真空中でワーク（Ｗ）を加熱する第２加熱部（５）と、第１加熱部（３）に設けられ、ワーク（Ｗ）のうち第１部位を加熱する第１加熱器（３Ａ）と、第１加熱部（３）に設けられ、ワーク（Ｗ）のうち第１部位と異なる第２部位を加熱する第２加熱器（３Ｂ）とを備える。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a heating device for a workpiece made of metal, and is a first heating section (3) for heating and raising the workpiece (W) to a predetermined temperature , and energizes the workpiece. A first heating unit (3) having an energizing heater (3A) for raising the temperature of the workpiece and an induction heater (3B) for generating an induction current in the workpiece to raise the temperature of the workpiece, and a first heating unit (3 ) The entire workpiece (W) whose temperature has been increased in (1) is carried in, and is provided in the second heating unit (5) and the first heating unit (3) for heating the workpiece (W) in a heated atmosphere or vacuum. The first heater (3A) that heats the first part of the work (W) and the first heating part (3) are provided, and the second part different from the first part of the work (W) is heated. Ru with a second heater and (3B) for.
これにより、本発明では、第１加熱部（３）においては、複数の加熱器（３Ａ、３Ｂ）で分担してワーク（Ｗ）を加熱するので、例えば、１つの加熱器にてワーク全体を加熱・昇温させる場合に比べて、ワーク全体を均一に昇温させることができる。 Thereby, in this invention, in a 1st heating part (3), since a workpiece | work (W) is heated by sharing with several heaters (3A, 3B) , for example, the whole workpiece | work is carried out with one heater. Compared to heating / heating, the entire workpiece can be heated uniformly.
また、第２加熱部（５）は、加熱された雰囲気中又は真空中でワーク（Ｗ）全体を加熱するので、大気炉等と同様に、ワーク全体を均一に昇温させることができる。このとき、第２加熱部（５）にて加熱する前に、第１加熱部（３）にてワークを予備加熱するので、ワークを速やかに昇温させることができる。したがって、本発明では、ワーク全体を速やかに昇温させることが可能となる。 Moreover, since the 2nd heating part (5) heats the whole workpiece | work (W) in the heated atmosphere or a vacuum, it can raise the whole workpiece | work uniformly uniformly similarly to an atmospheric furnace. At this time, since the work is preheated by the first heating part (3) before being heated by the second heating part (5), the temperature of the work can be quickly raised. Therefore, in the present invention, it is possible to quickly raise the temperature of the entire workpiece.
因みに、上記各手段等の括弧内の符号は、後述する実施形態に記載の具体的手段等との対応関係を示す一例であり、本発明は上記各手段等の括弧内の符号に示された具体的手段等に限定されるものではない。 Incidentally, the reference numerals in parentheses for each of the above means are examples showing the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments described later, and the present invention is indicated by the reference numerals in the parentheses of the above respective means. It is not limited to specific means.
以下に説明する「発明の実施形態」は実施形態の一例を示すものである。つまり、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明特定事項等は、下記の実施形態に示された具体的手段や構造等に限定されるものではない。 The “embodiment of the invention” described below shows an example of the embodiment. In other words, the invention specific items described in the claims are not limited to the specific means and structures shown in the following embodiments.
そして、本実施形態は、車両用のスタビライザ（以下、ワークと呼ぶ。）を熱処理するための加熱装置に本発明に係る加熱装置及び加熱方法を適用したものである。
因みに、車両用のスタビライザとは、左右の懸架装置を連結する金属製のトーションバーである。また、熱処理とは、焼き入れ、焼き戻し又は歪取焼鈍等をいう。
In the present embodiment, the heating device and the heating method according to the present invention are applied to a heating device for heat-treating a vehicle stabilizer (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece).
Incidentally, the vehicle stabilizer is a metal torsion bar that connects the left and right suspension devices. The heat treatment refers to quenching, tempering, strain relief annealing, or the like.
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面と共に説明する。
（第１実施形態）
１．加熱装置の構成
図１は、加熱対象であるワークＷの熱処理を行う加熱装置１の概要を示す図である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
1. Configuration of Heating Device FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an outline of a heating device 1 that performs heat treatment of a workpiece W that is a heating target.
第１加熱部３は、ワークＷを所定温度まで加熱昇温する第１加熱工程を実行する。第２加熱部５は、第１加熱部３にて昇温されたワークＷを加熱する第２加熱工程を実行する。
第１加熱部３は、図２に示すように、第１加熱器３Ａ及び第２加熱器３Ｂを有して構成されている。第１加熱器３Ａは、ワークＷに通電することにより、当該ワークＷを昇温させる通電加熱器である。この第１加熱器３Ａは、ワークＷのうち一対の通電電極３Ｃ間に相当する部位（以下、通電加熱領域という。）を加熱する。
The 1st heating part 3 performs the 1st heating process which heats up temperature of work W to predetermined temperature. The second heating unit 5 performs a second heating process for heating the workpiece W heated by the first heating unit 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the first heating unit 3 includes a first heater 3A and a second heater 3B. The first heater 3 </ b> A is an energizing heater that raises the temperature of the workpiece W by energizing the workpiece W. The first heater 3A heats a portion (hereinafter referred to as an energization heating region) corresponding to a portion between the pair of energization electrodes 3C in the work W.
第２加熱器３Ｂは、ワークＷに誘導電流を発生させてワークを昇温させる誘導加熱器である。この第２加熱器３Ｂは、ワークＷのうち通電加熱領域と異なる部位（以下、非通電加熱領域という。）を加熱する。 The second heater 3B is an induction heater that generates an induction current in the workpiece W to raise the temperature of the workpiece. This 2nd heater 3B heats the site | part (henceforth a non-energized heating area | region) different from the conduction heating area | region among the workpiece | work W. FIG.
なお、通電加熱領域と非通電加熱領域とは明確に区別できるものではないが、概ね、通電電極３Ｃを境として通電加熱領域と非通電加熱領域とに区別できる。したがって、本実施形態では、各通電電極３ＣからワークＷの端部まで領域が非通電加熱領域となる。 The energization heating region and the non-energization heating region are not clearly distinguishable, but can generally be distinguished from the energization heating region and the non-energization heating region with the energizing electrode 3C as a boundary. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the region from each energized electrode 3C to the end of the workpiece W becomes a non-energized heating region.
因みに、第１加熱器３Ａによる加熱及び第２加熱器３Ｂによる加熱は、図２に示すように２工程に分けて実行してもよいが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、第１加熱器３Ａによる加熱と第２加熱器３Ｂによる加熱とを同時に実行してもよい。 Incidentally, the heating by the first heater 3A and the heating by the second heater 3B may be performed in two steps as shown in FIG. 2, but the present invention is not limited to this, Heating by the first heater 3A and heating by the second heater 3B may be performed simultaneously.
また、第１加熱器３Ａによる加熱及び第２加熱器３Ｂによる加熱を２工程に分けて実行する場合には、いずれを先に実行してもよいが、本実施形態では、第１加熱器３Ａによる加熱を第２加熱器３Ｂによる加熱より先に実行している。 In addition, when the heating by the first heater 3A and the heating by the second heater 3B are performed in two steps, either may be performed first, but in the present embodiment, the first heater 3A Is performed prior to the heating by the second heater 3B.
第２加熱部５は、第１加熱部３にて昇温されたワークＷを加熱された雰囲気中又は真空中で加熱する。なお、本実施形態では、第２加熱部５として電熱炉等の大気炉を採用している。なお、雰囲気中で加熱する場合には、窒素等の不活性ガスの雰囲気にて加熱することが望ましい。 The second heating unit 5 heats the workpiece W heated by the first heating unit 3 in a heated atmosphere or in a vacuum. In the present embodiment, an atmospheric furnace such as an electric furnace is employed as the second heating unit 5. In addition, when heating in atmosphere, it is desirable to heat in the atmosphere of inert gas, such as nitrogen.
そして、第１加熱部３では、熱処理温度（例えば、５００℃）又は当該熱処理温度以下の所定温度（例えば、４９０℃）までワークＷを昇温させ、第２加熱部５では、第１加熱部３にて昇温されたワークＷを熱処理温度まで加熱・昇温させた後、当該のワークＷの温度を予め設定された所定時間だけ熱処理温度に保持する。 The first heating unit 3 raises the temperature of the workpiece W to a heat treatment temperature (for example, 500 ° C.) or a predetermined temperature (for example, 490 ° C.) lower than the heat treatment temperature, and the second heating unit 5 has the first heating unit. After heating and raising the temperature of the workpiece W heated at 3 to the heat treatment temperature, the temperature of the workpiece W is held at the heat treatment temperature for a predetermined time set in advance.
なお、第２加熱部５での加熱処理が終了したワークＷは、その後、空冷又は水冷等の冷却法により冷却され、ワークＷの熱処理が終了する。
２．加熱装置及び加熱方法の特徴
本実施形態では、第１加熱部３においては、複数の加熱器、つまり第１加熱器３Ａ及び第２加熱器３Ｂで分担してワークＷを加熱するので、例えば、１つの加熱器にてワークＷ全体を加熱・昇温させる場合に比べて、ワークＷ全体を均一に昇温させることができる。
In addition, the workpiece | work W in which the heat processing in the 2nd heating part 5 was complete | finished is cooled by cooling methods, such as air cooling or water cooling, and the heat processing of the workpiece | work W is complete | finished after that.
2. Features of the heating device and heating method In the present embodiment, in the first heating unit 3, the work W is heated by being shared by a plurality of heaters, that is, the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B. Compared with the case where the entire workpiece W is heated and heated with a single heater, the entire workpiece W can be heated uniformly.
また、第２加熱部５は、加熱された雰囲気中又は真空中でワークＷを加熱・保持するので、大気炉等と同様に、ワークＷ全体を均一に昇温させた状態でワークＷの温度を保持することができる。 Moreover, since the 2nd heating part 5 heats and hold | maintains the workpiece | work W in the heated atmosphere or a vacuum, it is the temperature of the workpiece | work W in the state which heated up the whole workpiece | work W uniformly like an atmospheric furnace etc. Can be held.
このとき、第２加熱部５にて加熱する前に、第１加熱部３にてワークＷを予備加熱するので、ワークＷを速やかに昇温させた後、第２加熱部５でワークＷを加熱・保持することができる。したがって、本実施形態では、ワークＷ全体を速やかに昇温させることが可能となる。 At this time, since the work W is preheated by the first heating part 3 before being heated by the second heating part 5, the work W is heated by the second heating part 5 after the work W is quickly heated. Can be heated and held. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to quickly raise the temperature of the entire workpiece W.
また、ワークＷ全体を速やかに昇温させることにより、ワークＷが熱処理温度まで昇温するに必要な時間を大幅に短縮できるので、加熱装置１の小型化、稼働費の低減、及びリードタイムの短縮化を図ることができる。 In addition, by quickly raising the temperature of the entire workpiece W, the time required for the workpiece W to be raised to the heat treatment temperature can be greatly shortened, so that the heating device 1 can be reduced in size, the operating cost can be reduced, and the lead time can be reduced. Shortening can be achieved.
また、本実施形態では、第１加熱器３Ａとして通電加熱器を用いているので、ワークＷの形状に大きく影響されることなく、通電電極３Ｃに通電するのみで、容易に通電加熱領域全体を短時間で昇温させることが可能となる。 Further, in the present embodiment, since an energizing heater is used as the first heater 3A, the entire energizing heating region can be easily formed by simply energizing the energizing electrode 3C without being greatly affected by the shape of the workpiece W. The temperature can be raised in a short time.
ところで仮に、第１加熱器３Ａ、つまり通電加熱器のみで第１加熱部３を構成すると、非通電加熱領域には電流が殆ど流れないため、「非通電加熱領域を加熱することができない」という問題がある。 By the way, if the 1st heating part 3 is comprised only with the 1st heater 3A, ie, an electrically-conductive heater, since an electric current will hardly flow into a non-energized heating area | region, it is said that "a non-energized heating area cannot be heated." There's a problem.
また仮に、第２加熱器３Ｂ、つまり誘導加熱器のみで第１加熱部３を構成した場合には、誘導される電流の電流密度をワークＷ全体で均一とすることが困難であるため、ワークＷの内部と表面とで発生する誘導電流の電流密度が異なり、「ワークＷ全体を均一に昇温・保持することが難しい」という問題がある。 Further, if the first heating unit 3 is configured only by the second heater 3B, that is, the induction heater, it is difficult to make the current density of the induced current uniform throughout the workpiece W. The current density of the induced current generated between the inside and the surface of W is different, and there is a problem that “it is difficult to raise and hold the entire workpiece W uniformly”.
なお、誘導加熱器にてワークＷ全体を均一に昇温させるには、（ａ）低い周波数の電流をコイルに通電する、（ｂ）昇温時間を比較的に長くしてワークＷをゆっくり昇温・加熱する、又は（ｃ）周波数、出力及び通電時間等の条件を変更しながら多段階で昇温させる等の加熱方法を採用する必要があるので、ワークＷ全体を速やかに昇温させることができない。 In order to raise the temperature of the entire workpiece W uniformly with an induction heater, (a) a current having a low frequency is applied to the coil, and (b) the temperature of the workpiece W is slowly increased with a relatively long heating time. Since it is necessary to employ a heating method such as heating / heating, or (c) heating in multiple stages while changing conditions such as frequency, output, and energization time, the entire workpiece W is heated quickly. I can't.
これに対して、本実施形態では、ワークＷのうち通電加熱領域については、第１加熱器３Ａ、つまり通電加熱器に通電することにより、容易に通電加熱領域全体を均一に短時間で昇温させることができる。 On the other hand, in the present embodiment, for the energization heating region of the workpiece W, by energizing the first heater 3A, that is, the energization heater, the entire energization heating region is easily heated uniformly in a short time. Can be made.
一方、非通電加熱領域は、通電電極３ＣからワークＷの端部までの領域であり、この領域は、通電加熱領域に比べると十分に小さい領域であるので、非通電加熱領域においては、誘導加熱器による電流密度差の影響は小さい。したがって、誘導加熱器であっても、非通電加熱領域であれば、ワークＷ全体の昇温に大きな影響を与えることなく、当該領域の内部と表面とを均一に昇温させることができる。 On the other hand, the non-energized heating region is a region from the energized electrode 3C to the end portion of the workpiece W, and this region is a sufficiently small region as compared with the energized heating region. The effect of the current density difference due to the vessel is small. Therefore, even if it is an induction heater, if it is a non-energized heating area | region, the inside and the surface of the said area | region can be heated up uniformly, without having a big influence on the temperature increase of the whole workpiece | work W.
以上のように、本実施形態に係る加熱装置１では、通電加熱器の短所を誘導加熱器にて補完しながら、ワークＷ全体を速やかに昇温・保持することができる。
（第２実施形態）
第１実施形態では、第１加熱器３Ａと第２加熱器３Ｂとが別体であったが、本実施形態は、第１加熱器３Ａと第２加熱器３Ｂとを一体化したものである。
As described above, in the heating apparatus 1 according to this embodiment, the entire workpiece W can be quickly heated and held while supplementing the disadvantages of the electric heater with the induction heater.
(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B are separate bodies. However, in the present embodiment, the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B are integrated. .
すなわち、本実施形態では、図３に示すように、通電することにより発熱する電気抵抗体３Ｄにて第２加熱器３Ｂを構成するとともに、通電電極３Ｃの電極部３Ｅと電気抵抗体３Ｄとを一体化したものである。なお、本実施形態においては、一体化された電極部３Ｅと電気抵抗体３Ｄとを総称する際には通電電極３Ｃと呼ぶ。 That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the second heater 3B is configured by the electric resistor 3D that generates heat when energized, and the electrode portion 3E and the electric resistor 3D of the energized electrode 3C are connected. It is an integrated one. In the present embodiment, the integrated electrode portion 3E and the electrical resistor 3D are collectively referred to as a conducting electrode 3C.
電極部３Ｅは、ワークＷ、つまり通電加熱領域に通電するための電極であり、この電極部３Ｅが、第１実施形態における通電電極３Ｃに相当する。電気抵抗体３Ｄは、電極部３Ｅより高い電気抵抗値を有し、通電されることにより発熱する。 The electrode portion 3E is an electrode for energizing the work W, that is, the energization heating region, and this electrode portion 3E corresponds to the energization electrode 3C in the first embodiment. The electrical resistor 3D has a higher electrical resistance value than the electrode portion 3E, and generates heat when energized.
これにより、通電加熱領域が発熱して昇温されるとともに、電気抵抗体３Ｄが発熱して通電電極３Ｃも昇温されるので、昇温した通電電極３Ｃによって非通電加熱領域も加熱・昇温する。したがって、通電電極３Ｃに通電するのみで、通電加熱領域及び非通電加熱領域、つまりワークＷ全体を加熱・昇温させることができる。 As a result, the energization heating region generates heat and the temperature rises, and the electrical resistor 3D generates heat and the energization electrode 3C is also heated, so that the non-energization heating region is also heated and raised by the heated energization electrode 3C. To do. Therefore, the energization heating region and the non-energization heating region, that is, the entire workpiece W can be heated and heated only by energizing the energizing electrode 3C.
なお、電極部３Ｅは、例えばＣｕ系材料（Ｃｕ合金も含む。）等の電気抵抗値の低い材料によって構成されている。一方、電気抵抗体３Ｄは、例えば、Ｆｅ系材料等によって構成されている。 The electrode portion 3E is made of a material having a low electric resistance value such as a Cu-based material (including a Cu alloy). On the other hand, the electrical resistor 3D is made of, for example, an Fe-based material.
因みに、ワークＷがばね鋼の場合は、ばね鋼と同等の電気抵抗値を有するＦｅ系材料にて電気抵抗体３Ｄを構成してもよい。さらには、線径の細いワークＷに対して通電電極３Ｃを大きくしたい場合等には、Ｆｅ系材料より電気抵抗値の大きいステンレスやインコネル等にて電気抵抗体３Ｄを構成してもよい。 Incidentally, when the workpiece W is spring steel, the electric resistor 3D may be made of an Fe-based material having an electric resistance value equivalent to that of the spring steel. Furthermore, when it is desired to increase the current-carrying electrode 3C with respect to the work W having a small wire diameter, the electric resistor 3D may be made of stainless steel, Inconel, or the like having a larger electric resistance value than the Fe-based material.
また、電極部３Ｅは、図３（ｂ）に示すように、電気抵抗体３Ｄを挟んで両側に設けられている。そして、一対の通電電極３Ｃは、図３（ａ）に示すように、ワークＷを挟むように電極部３ＥがワークＷに接触した状態で配置される。なお、電極部３ＥのうちワークＷと接触する部位には、ワークＷの表面形状に沿うよう湾曲した接触面が形成されている。これにより、電極部３ＥとワークＷとの接触面積を増大させて、接触部で生じる接触電気抵抗の低減を図っている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the electrode portion 3E is provided on both sides of the electric resistor 3D. Then, as shown in FIG. 3A, the pair of energizing electrodes 3 </ b> C are arranged in a state where the electrode portion 3 </ b> E is in contact with the workpiece W so as to sandwich the workpiece W. In addition, the contact surface curved so that the surface shape of the workpiece | work W may be followed is formed in the site | part which contacts the workpiece | work W among the electrode parts 3E. Thereby, the contact area of the electrode part 3E and the workpiece | work W is increased, and reduction of the contact electrical resistance which arises in a contact part is aimed at.
一方、電気抵抗体３Ｄは、通電電極３Ｃに設けられた一対の電極部３Ｅ間、つまり電極部３ＥのうちワークＷと接触しない側に接続され、ワークＷと直接接触しない。なお、電極部３Ｅ及び電気抵抗体３Ｄ、つまり本実施形態に係る通電電極３Ｃへの通電条件は以下の通りである。 On the other hand, the electrical resistor 3D is connected between the pair of electrode portions 3E provided on the energizing electrode 3C, that is, on the side of the electrode portion 3E that does not contact the workpiece W, and does not directly contact the workpiece W. The energization conditions for the electrode portion 3E and the electrical resistor 3D, that is, the energization electrode 3C according to the present embodiment are as follows.
ワークＷの抵抗値をＲＷとし、ワークＷの質量をｍＷとし、ワークＷの比熱をＣｐＷとし、電気抵抗体３Ｄの電気抵抗値をＲＥとし、電気抵抗体３Ｄの質量をｍＥとし、電気抵抗体３Ｄの比熱をＣｐＥとし、通電開始時における電気抵抗体３Ｄの温度に応じて決まる係数をαとしたときに、α×ＲＷ／（ｍＷ×ＣｐＷ）≦ＲＥ／（ｍＥ×ＣｐＥ）が成立するように通電する。 The resistance value of the workpiece W is RW, the mass of the workpiece W is mW, the specific heat of the workpiece W is CpW, the electrical resistance value of the electrical resistor 3D is RE, and the mass of the electrical resistor 3D is mE. It is assumed that α × RW / (mW × CpW) ≦ RE / (mE × CpE) is satisfied when the specific heat of 3D is CpE and the coefficient determined according to the temperature of the electrical resistor 3D at the start of energization is α. Energize to.
因みに、本実施形態に係る係数αは、加熱装置１が連続運転しているとき（電気抵抗体３Ｄの温度が高いとき）は、例えば０．７〜０．８であり、加熱装置１が始動時又は間欠運転時のとき（電気抵抗体３Ｄの温度が低いとき）は、例えば１である。 Incidentally, the coefficient α according to the present embodiment is, for example, 0.7 to 0.8 when the heating device 1 is continuously operated (when the temperature of the electrical resistor 3D is high), and the heating device 1 is started. For example, when the operation time or the intermittent operation (when the temperature of the electric resistor 3D is low) is 1.
（その他の実施形態）
上述の実施形態では、第２加熱器３Ｂを誘導加熱器又は電気抵抗体にて構成したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば、火炎加熱、反射鏡により光を集光してワークＷを加熱するイメージ炉、加熱した固体粒子を流動化させて固体粒子とワークＷとの接触によりワークＷを加熱する流動層炉、加熱された気体をワークＷに吹き付ける加熱手段、及び赤外線、プラズマ、硝石や過熱蒸気を用いた加熱手段等であってもよい。
(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the second heater 3B is configured by an induction heater or an electric resistor, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, condenses light by flame heating or a reflecting mirror. An image furnace for heating the workpiece W, a fluidized bed furnace for fluidizing the heated solid particles and heating the workpiece W by contact between the solid particles and the workpiece W, a heating means for blowing heated gas onto the workpiece W, and infrared rays Further, it may be a heating means using plasma, glass stone or superheated steam.
また、上述の実施形態では、第１加熱器３Ａを通電加熱器にて構成したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば、上記した加熱手段のいずれかであってもよい。
また、上述の実施形態では、スタビライザをワークＷとして本発明を説明したが、本発明の適用対象は、スタビライザに限定されるものではなく、コイルばね、トーションバー、リーフスプリング等のその他の金属製品に対しても適用することができる。
In the above-described embodiment, the first heater 3A is configured by an energizing heater. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be, for example, any of the heating means described above.
In the above-described embodiment, the present invention has been described using the stabilizer as the workpiece W. However, the application target of the present invention is not limited to the stabilizer, and other metal products such as a coil spring, a torsion bar, and a leaf spring. It can also be applied to.
また、本発明は、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の趣旨に合致するものであればよく、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではない。
なお、非通電領域に熱処理を行う必要がないワークＷについては、第２加熱器３Ｂを廃止した第１加熱部３としてもよい。因みに、「非通電領域に熱処理を行う必要がないワークＷ」とは、例えば、（ａ）製品の規格上、熱処理が必要でないワークＷ、（ｂ）熱処理後、非通電領域を切断除去するワークＷ等をいう。
Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as it matches the gist of the invention described in the claims.
In addition, about the workpiece | work W which does not need to heat-process in a non-electricity area | region, it is good also as the 1st heating part 3 which abolished the 2nd heater 3B. For example, “a workpiece W that does not need to be heat-treated in the non-energized region” means, for example, (a) a workpiece W that does not require heat treatment in accordance with product specifications, W etc.
１… 加熱装置
３… 第１加熱部
３Ａ… 第１加熱器
３Ｂ… 第２加熱器
３Ｃ… 通電電極
３Ｄ… 電気抵抗体
３Ｅ… 電極部
５… 第２加熱部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heating device 3 ... 1st heating part 3A ... 1st heater 3B ... 2nd heater 3C ... Current supply electrode 3D ... Electrical resistor 3E ... Electrode part 5 ... 2nd heating part
Claims (2)
ワークを所定温度まで加熱昇温する第１加熱部であって、ワークに通電することによりワークを昇温させる通電加熱器及びワークに誘導電流を発生させてワークを昇温させる誘導加熱器を有する第１加熱部と、
前記第１加熱部にて昇温されたワーク全体が搬入され、加熱された雰囲気中又は真空中でワーク全体を加熱する第２加熱部とを備え、
前記通電加熱器は、ワークのうち前記通電加熱器の通電電極間に相当する第１部位を加熱し、
さらに、前記誘導加熱器は、前記通電電極からワークの端部までの第２部位を加熱することを特徴とする加熱装置。 A heating device for a workpiece made of metal,
A first heating unit that heats and raises the workpiece to a predetermined temperature , and includes an energizing heater that raises the temperature of the workpiece by energizing the workpiece and an induction heater that raises the workpiece by generating an induction current in the workpiece. A first heating unit ;
The entire workpiece heated in the first heating unit is carried in, and includes a second heating unit that heats the entire workpiece in a heated atmosphere or vacuum,
The energizing heater heats a first portion corresponding to between the energizing electrodes of the energizing heater in the workpiece,
Furthermore, the said induction heater heats the 2nd site | part from the said electricity supply electrode to the edge part of a workpiece | work, The heating apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.
ワークを所定温度まで加熱昇温する第１加熱工程であって、ワークに通電することによりワークを昇温させる通電加熱器及びワークに誘導電流を発生させてワークを昇温させる誘導加熱器を有する第１加熱工程と、
前記第１加熱工程にて昇温されたワーク全体が搬入され、加熱された雰囲気中又は真空中でワーク全体を加熱する第２加熱工程とを備え、
前記通電加熱器にてワークのうち前記通電加熱器の通電電極間に相当する部位を加熱し、
さらに、前記誘導加熱器にて前記通電電極からワークの端部までの部位を加熱することを特徴とする加熱方法。 A method of heating a workpiece made of metal,
A first heating step for heating and heating a workpiece to a predetermined temperature, comprising an energizing heater for heating the workpiece by energizing the workpiece and an induction heater for generating an induction current in the workpiece to raise the workpiece temperature A first heating step ;
The entire workpiece heated in the first heating step is carried in, and includes a second heating step for heating the entire workpiece in a heated atmosphere or vacuum,
Heating the part corresponding to between the energizing electrodes of the energizing heater of the work in the energizing heater,
Furthermore, the site | part from the said electricity supply electrode to the edge part of a workpiece | work is heated with the said induction heater, The heating method characterized by the above-mentioned.
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| PCT/JP2013/057044 WO2013146274A1 (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2013-03-13 | Heating device and heating method |
| CN201380017098.5A CN104204232A (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2013-03-13 | Heating device and heating method |
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| JPS57134520A (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1982-08-19 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | Heat treatment of hollow stabilizer |
| JPS5852890U (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1983-04-09 | 株式会社白山製作所 | Electrode for energizing heating of metal bars |
| JPS591625A (en) * | 1982-06-26 | 1984-01-07 | High Frequency Heattreat Co Ltd | Surface heating method of shaft body having bulged part |
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