JP5769679B2 - アルデヒド及びケトンを水素化する装置 - Google Patents
アルデヒド及びケトンを水素化する装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5769679B2 JP5769679B2 JP2012182919A JP2012182919A JP5769679B2 JP 5769679 B2 JP5769679 B2 JP 5769679B2 JP 2012182919 A JP2012182919 A JP 2012182919A JP 2012182919 A JP2012182919 A JP 2012182919A JP 5769679 B2 JP5769679 B2 JP 5769679B2
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- Prior art keywords
- high shear
- rotor
- shear device
- aldehydes
- ketones
- Prior art date
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 63
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- B01F27/271—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator
- B01F27/2711—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator provided with intermeshing elements
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- C07C29/145—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of ketones with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
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Description
適用されない。
高せん断アルデヒド及び/又はケトン水素化システムは図1に関連して示されており、図1はアルデヒド及び/又はケトンの水素化を介してアルコールを製造するための高せん断装置100における実施形態のプロセスフロー図である。代表的なシステムの基礎的構成要素は外部の高せん断装置(HSD)140、容器110、及びポンプ105を含む。図1に示されるように、高せん断装置は容器/反応器110の外部に位置している。これらの構成要素のそれぞれは以下により詳細に説明されている。ライン121はアルデヒド及び/又はケトン反応物質それぞれを導入するためにポンプ105に接続されている。ライン113はポンプ105をHSD140に接続し、ライン118はHSD140を容器110に接続する。ライン122は水素含有ガスを導入するためにライン13に接続されている。ライン117は未反応のアルデヒド及び/又はケトン、及びその他の反応ガスを取り除くために容器110に接続されている。更なる構成要素又は工程段階は、もし必要であれば容器110とHSD140との間、又はポンプ105又はHSD140の前に組み込むことが可能である。高せん断装置、又は高せん断ミルなどの高せん断装置(HSD)は一般的にそれらの流体を混合させる能力に基づいて分類される。混合は流体中で不均一な種又は粒子のサイズを減少させる方法である。混合の程度又は完全さの1つの測定基準は、流体粒子を分散させるために混合装置が生み出す単位体積当たりのエネルギー密度である。分類は届けられるエネルギー密度を基にして区別される。粒子又は気泡のサイズが0から50μmの範囲の混合物又はエマルションを一貫して製造するために十分なエネルギー密度を有する3種類の工業用混合器がある。高せん断機械式装置はコロイドミルと同様にホモジナイザーを含む。
容器又は反応器110は上記された転換反応を実行するために多相反応が伝播できる任意の種類の反応器である。例えば、連続又は半連続撹拌槽型反応器、又は1つ又は複数の回分反応器は、直列又は並列に使用される。いくつかの実施形態において、容器110は塔型反応器であり、及びその他の実施形態においては管状反応器又は複数管状反応器である。触媒入口ライン115はシステムの稼動中に触媒の溶液又はスラリーを受け取るために反応器110に接続可能である。
上述した容器110の加熱/冷却機能に加えて、処理ストリームを加熱又は冷却するためのその他の外部又は内部伝熱装置も、図1に図示される実施形態の変形形態において考慮される。システム1が多重パスモードにおいて操作されるとき、1つ又は複数のそのような伝熱装置のために適した場所は、ポンプ105とHSD140との間、HSD140と容器110との間、及び容器110とポンプ105との間である。それらの伝熱装置のいくつかの制限されない実施例は、当業者に周知なように、シェル(shell)及び管(tube)、板(plate)及びコイル(coil)状の熱交換器である。
ポンプ105は連続又は半連続稼働のいずれかのために構成されており、HSD140及びシステム1を通る制御された流れを可能にするように、2気圧より大きい圧力、好ましくは3気圧より大きい圧力を提供できる任意の適したポンプ装置である。例えば、ローパー ポンプ カンパニー(Roper Pump Company)(ジョージア州コマース(Commerce Georgia))のローパー タイプ 1 歯車ポンプ(Roper Type 1 gear pump)、デイトン エレクトリック カンパニー(Dayton Electric Co)(イリノイ州ナイルズ(Niles,IL))のデイトン圧力増圧ポンプモデル2P372E(Dayton Pressure Booster Pump Model 2P372E)は1つの適したポンプである。好ましくは、ポンプの全ての接触部分はステンレス鋼から成る。システムのいくつかの実施形態において、ポンプ105は約20気圧より大きい圧力を生じることが可能である。ポンプ105に加えて、1つ又は複数の付加的高圧力ポンプ(図示されない)が図1に図示されるシステムに含まれてもよい。例えば、ポンプ105と同様の増圧ポンプは、容器110内の圧力を増圧させるためにHSD140と容器110との間に備えられる。他の実施例として、ポンプ105と同様の補足的な供給ポンプは、追加の反応物又は触媒を容器110へ導入するために備えることができる。
アルデヒド及び/又はケトンそれぞれの触媒水素化のための操作において、分散性水素化含有ガスストリームはライン122を介してシステム100内に導入されて、そして気体−液体ストリームを形成するためにライン113においてアルデヒド及び/又はケトンストリームと混合させる。水素含有ガスは、例えば水素、又は任意のその他の適した水素含有分子ガス、又はガスの混合物である。或いは、水素含有ガスはライン113において液体反応物(すなわちアルデヒド及び/又はケトン)と混合させることに代えて、直接HSD140に供給することができる。ポンプ105はライン121を通して液体反応物(アルデヒド及び/又はケトン)を送り込んで圧力を形成してHSD140に供給するように操作することで、高せん断装置(HSD)140及び高せん断システム100全体に制御されたフローをもたらすことができる。
触媒が水素化反応を促進させるために使用される場合、触媒は含水又は非水のスラリー又はストリームとしてライン115を介して容器内に導入される。或いは、又は更に、触媒はシステム100の他の場所に加えられてもよい。例えば、触媒スラリーはライン121に注入される。いくつかの実施形態において、ライン121は、アルデヒド及び/又はケトンストリーム及び/又は容器110からのアルデヒド/ケトン再循環ストリームの流れを含んでいてもよい。
図1に示される実施形態において、システムは単一パス稼働用に構成されており、容器110からの排出物はアルコール生成物を回収するために直接更なる処理に向かう。いくつかの実施形態において、第2パスの間に、容器110の内容物、又は未反応アルデヒド及び/又はケトンを含む液体分をHSD140を通過させることが望まれる。この場合において、ライン116は、点線ライン120を介してライン121に接続され、そして容器110からの再利用ストリームはポンプ105によってライン113に送り込まれてHSD140に入る。追加の水素含有ガスはライン122を介してライン113に注入されるか、又は高せん断装置に直接加えられる(図示されない)。
いくつかの実施形態において、HSD140のような、又は異なる構成である2つ又はそれ以上の高せん断装置は、直列に配置されて、反応を更に促進させるために使用される。それらの操作はバッチ又は連続モードのどちらかである。単一パス又は「貫流(once through)」方法が望まれるいくつかの実施例において、直列に配置された複数の高せん断装置の使用も有益である。複数の高せん断装置が直列に稼働されるいくつかの実施形態において、容器110は省略可能である。いくつかの実施形態において、複数の高せん断装置140は並列に稼働されて、そこからの排出口分散体は1つ又は複数の容器110に導入される。
Claims (8)
- アルデヒド、ケトン、又はそれらの組み合わせを水素化するための装置であって、
アルデヒド、ケトン、又はそれらの組み合わせを水素化するために構成される少なくとも1つの高せん断装置、
液相を含む液体ストリームを高せん断装置へ運ぶために構成されたポンプ、及び
前記高せん断装置に連結されたアルデヒド、ケトン、又はそれらの組み合わせを水素化するための反応器
を含み、前記高せん断装置は回転子及び固定子を備えており、前記回転子及び前記固定子は0.02mmから5mmの範囲のせん断ギャップによって離れており、前記せん断ギャップは前記回転子と前記固定子との間の最小距離であって、且つ前記高せん断装置は少なくとも1つの回転子が23m/s(4,500ft/min)より大きい先端速度を形成可能であると共に、1つ又は複数の反応物を遊離基に解離させるために十分な強度のキャビテーションを誘発可能であり、前記高せん断装置はアルデヒド、ケトン又はそれらの組み合わせを含む液相中の水素含有気泡の分散体を含み、前記分散体の平均気泡直径は100nm未満のものであり、前記反応器は、前記高せん断装置から分散体を受け取るように構成されている装置。 - 請求項1の装置であって、高せん断装置は2つ又はそれ以上の回転子及び2つ又はそれ以上の固定子を備えている装置。
- 請求項1の装置であって、前記高せん断装置は回転先端を備え、前記装置は少なくとも23m/secの先端速度で少なくとも300L/hの流速で稼働するように構成される装置。
- 請求項1の装置であって、前記高せん断装置は先端速度が少なくとも40m/secで作動するように構成される装置。
- 請求項1の装置であって、少なくとも2つの高せん断装置を備える装置。
- 請求項1の装置であって、前記反応器は固定層反応器であり、前記反応器は水素化触媒を含む装置。
- 請求項1の装置であって、高せん断装置は少なくとも2つの発生器を備える装置。
- 請求項7の装置であって、1つの発生器によって発生するせん断速度は他の発生器によって発生するせん断速度よりも大きい装置。
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JP5285696B2 (ja) | 2013-09-11 |
JP2013014595A (ja) | 2013-01-24 |
CA2679086A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
EA200901636A1 (ru) | 2010-04-30 |
US20090136395A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
WO2009003047A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
CA2679086C (en) | 2012-11-27 |
US8378155B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 |
CN101657398B (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
EP2170790A1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
EP2170790A4 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
JP2010529046A (ja) | 2010-08-26 |
CN101657398A (zh) | 2010-02-24 |
EA021574B1 (ru) | 2015-07-30 |
US20090005611A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
US20110201849A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
US7479576B1 (en) | 2009-01-20 |
US20120184784A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
EA021574B8 (ru) | 2015-10-30 |
US8168836B2 (en) | 2012-05-01 |
US7914745B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 |
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