JP5730856B2 - ポリ乳酸組成物、その発泡成形品と製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリ乳酸組成物、その発泡成形品と製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5730856B2 JP5730856B2 JP2012508345A JP2012508345A JP5730856B2 JP 5730856 B2 JP5730856 B2 JP 5730856B2 JP 2012508345 A JP2012508345 A JP 2012508345A JP 2012508345 A JP2012508345 A JP 2012508345A JP 5730856 B2 JP5730856 B2 JP 5730856B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polylactic acid
- acid composition
- weight
- polyisocyanate
- foaming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 title claims description 128
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 127
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010299 mechanically pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 46
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- -1 Isocyanate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
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- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 9
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)(C)N=C=O NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 2
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical class CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
ポリスチレン発泡成形品は食品容器、緩衝包装材などに多用されているが、生分解性でないため回収廃棄または再生する必要がある。
(0.5xn−100EMi)Mc/10NMi≦W≦(0.5xn−100EMi)Mc/NMi
(ここでE:ポリ乳酸の末端カルボキシル基数(当量/gr)
x:イソシアネート化合物添加量(重量%)
n:イソシアネート化合物の官能基数(当量/モル)
Mi:イソシアネート化合物の分子量(gr)
W:多価アルコール又は多価カルボン酸の添加量(重量%)
N:多価アルコール又は多価カルボン酸の官能基数(当量/モル)
Mc:多価アルコール又は多価カルボン酸の分子量(gr))
ポリ乳酸だけでは発泡成形に適した高溶融粘度の安定した組成物が得難いためとされている。
上記製造法により多価アルコールや多価カルボン酸を第2工程で追加反応させるためには付加的な設備投資が必要であり、製造工程も長くなるため経済的に不利である。
また、非晶性のポリ乳酸を使用するため発泡成形品の耐熱性が不足すると言う重大な欠点があった。
本発明の目的は高倍率発泡成形に適した安定した高粘度ポリ乳酸組成物の製造方法および装置、およびそれからなる高倍率発泡成形品を廉価に提供することを課題とする。
本発明のポリ乳酸組成物は、ポリイソシアネートにより架橋されたポリ乳酸を、不活性ガスの雰囲気下で、せん断力を加えることにより機械的に粉砕して得られたポリ乳酸組成物であって、前記粉砕により得られたポリ乳酸組成物の190℃、荷重21.6kgのJIS K7210(ISO 1133)に準拠して計測されたMI値が0.05以上5以下であることを特徴とするものである。
また好ましい本発明の1形態としてポリ乳酸発泡成形品の製造方法は、射出成型機(B)若しくは押出し成型機(G)と、オリフィス部(S)と、発泡金型(P)とを備えた装置を使用して、発泡ガス雰囲気下において、オリフィス部(S)においてせん断力を加えて、前記ポリ乳酸組成物を機械的に粉砕する工程を含むことを特徴とする発泡成型品の製造方法である。
本発明のポリ乳酸組成物は高倍率発泡の際に阻害要因となるゲル化部分や著しく大きい分子量のポリ乳酸部がないため発泡セル膜を薄くすることが可能であり、高倍率発泡成形品を安定して廉価に供給することができる。また、多価アルコールや多価カルボン酸を加えることがなく安定した高溶融粘度のポリ乳酸組成物を使用した本発明の発泡成形品は実用的に熱水に耐えられる発泡成形品シートおよび容器である。
また本発明の1形態は前記ポリ乳酸組成物からなる発泡成形品である。発泡成形品にはプレ発泡ビーズを成形発泡する成形品とビーズを作らずに直接押出し成型する発泡成形品がある。
著しく大きい高分子の測定はGPCでPSt換算分子量分布を測定した。
さらに詳細については実施例にて説明する。
市販のL−ラクチド、D−ラクチドをエチルアセテートで再結晶して精製した。精製したL−ラクチド90重量部、D−ラクチド10重量部及び触媒としてオクチル酸スズ0.5重量部を攪拌機付きオートクレーブに仕込み、減圧脱気した後、N2雰囲気下で190℃、0.5時間、1時間、2時間の重合条件で開環重合した。反応終了後、オートクレーブよりポリマーを策状で取り出し、クエンチ後、ロータリーカッターでカットし原料ポリ乳酸ペレットを製造した。このペレットを80℃、24時間真空乾燥機中で乾燥した後、窒素シールしたアルミ袋に入れて保管し使用した。水分率が100ppm以下のものを原料ポリ乳酸として使用した。重合時間0.5時間、1時間、1.5時間サンプルP0.5、P1、P1.5の荷重2.16kgのMI値はそれぞれ800、420、88であった。
図2に示す構成の製造システムを使用した。混合撹拌用ヘンシェルミキサー(L)、原料供給用ホッパー(A)、射出成型機(B)、発泡ガス供給用プランジャーポンプ(E)、オリフィス(S)、発泡金型(P)で構成される加工機を使用した。
日本国特許第4044952号により製作された50mmスクリュー式加工装置に、一般的な水中カッターを取付け使用した。本装置に使用したスクリューのオリフィス溝は無く、この部はスクリュー外径のまま使用し、この部のシリンダーにスクリュー外径より0.2mm内径が大きいスリーブを挿入しオリフィスを構成した。製造例1で製造したMI値88の原料ポリ乳酸100重量部に常温液体の1,6―ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとトリメチロールプロパンとのアダクト体を0.5重量部、平均粒径0.4μmのタルク微粉末1重量部の配合をヘンシェルミキサー(L)で混合攪拌しホッパー(A)にバッチ供給し、ポリ乳酸組成物に対して0.2重量%の窒素ガスを断続的に定量供給し、オリフィスから押し出して、水中で冷却し、水中カッターにより丸ペレットを得た。なお、実施例1と同様、オリフィス部において不活性ガス(窒素)が超臨界状態となるように温度・圧力を設定した。このペレットを80℃、24時間真空乾燥機中で乾燥した後、窒素シールしたアルミ袋に入れて保管し、本発明のポリ乳酸組成物丸ペレットを製造した。
比較のため、実施例1のせん断力を与えるオリフィス部(S)を取り外し、その他条件は同一にして製造した比較品C1、C2、C3はいずれも5倍未満の発泡倍率であり、部分的に発泡倍率が不均一であった。発泡倍率が所定まで上がらないため、箱型に成型することができなかった。GPC測定によりポリスチレン換算200万を越える著しく大きい高分子量物が1重量%以上測定された。
これはせん断力を与えるオリフィス部(S)を取り外したため著しく分子量の大きいポリ乳酸組成物が発泡セル膜の延伸を妨げたため発泡倍率が上がらなかったと推察される。
比較のため、実施例2で使用したスリーブを外し、スクリュー外径より2mm大きなスリーブを挿入し使用した。その他条件は実施例2と同一条件にして製造した比較品は5倍未満の発泡倍率であり、部分的に発泡倍率は不均一であった。発泡倍率が所定まで上がらないため、箱型に成型することができなかった。GPC測定によりポリスチレン換算200万を超える著しく大きい高分子量物が1重量%以上測定された。
製造例1で製造した荷重2.16kgのMI値800の原料ポリ乳酸を使用し、実施例1と同様にして1 , 6 − ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとトリメチロールプロパンとのアダクト体の配合量を0.3重量部に変更した発泡成形品C33の荷重21.6kgのMI値は8であり、粘度が不足し発泡倍率が低く、箱型に成型することができなかった。
製造例1で製造した荷重2.16kgのMI値88の原料ポリ乳酸を使用し、実施例1と同様にして1 , 6 − ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとトリメチロールプロパンとのアダクト体の配合量を3重量部に変更した発泡成形品C43の荷重21.6kgのMI値は0.003であり、粘度が高過ぎ発泡倍率が低く、箱型に成型することができなかった。
図2に示す構成の製造システムを使用した。混合撹拌用ヘンシェルミキサー(L)、原料供給用ホッパー(A)、射出成型機(B)、発泡ガス供給用プランジャーポンプ(E)、オリフィス(S)、発泡金型(P)で構成される加工機を使用した。
図3に示す、アダプター(F)、および発泡金型(P)の代わりに、一般に知られたシート成形用Tダイを連結した構造の加工システムを使用し、製造例1で製造したMI値88の原料ポリ乳酸ペレットP1.5を100重量部に常温液体の1 , 6 − ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとトリメチロールプロパンとのアダクト体を1.5重量部、平均粒径0.4μmのタルク微粉末1重量部を定量的にヘンシェルミキサー(L)に連続供給混合し、ホッパー(A)から定量供給し、窒素ガス供給サイドプランジャーポンプ(E)からポリ乳酸組成物に対して1.0重量%の窒素ガスとメタノール重量比2:1を断続的に定量供給し、せん断力を与えるオリフィス部(S)を経由し、100℃に冷却された厚さ0.5mm、幅30cmのシート状で100℃に保持された厚さ10cmに設定されたシート引き取り部に押し出した。30秒間100℃で保持された発泡成形部分の後、40℃の冷却部分を通過させ、ポリ乳酸のTgより5℃低く冷却された状態で定長カットし、本発明の発泡成形シートを製造した。なお、オリフィス部における不活性ガス(窒素ガスとメタノールの混合ガス)が、超臨界状態となるように、温度と圧力を調整した。
このシートの耐熱性は優であった。この発泡成形体を荷重21.6kgで測定したMI値は0.2であった。GPC測定によりポリスチレン換算150万以上の著しく大きい高分子量物は検知されなかった。
比較のため、実施例3のせん断力を与えるオリフィス部(S)を取り外し、その他条件は同一にして製造した比較品C1、C2、C3はいずれも5倍未満の発泡倍率であり、部分的に発泡倍率が不均一であった。GPC測定によりポリスチレン換算200万を越える著しく大きい高分子量物が1重量%以上測定された。
これはせん断力を与えるオリフィス部(S)を取り外したため著しく分子量の大きいポリ乳酸組成物が発泡セル膜の延伸を妨げたため発泡倍率が上がらなかったと推察される。
比較のため、実施例4のせん断力を与えるオリフィス部(S)を取り外し、その他条件は同一にして製造した比較品C4は5倍未満の発泡倍率であり、部分的に発泡倍率が不均一であった。発泡倍率が所定まで上がらないため、箱型に成型することができなかった。GPC測定によりポリスチレン換算200万を越える著しく大きい高分子量物が1重量%以上測定された。
実施例3のT3と同様にしてタルク微粉末を0.3重量部にのみ変更して製造した本発明の発泡成形体T33の荷重21.6kgのMI値は0.1と変わらなかったが、耐熱性は良であった。
製造例1で製造した荷重2.16kgのMI値800の原料ポリ乳酸P0.5を使用し、実施例3と同様にして1 , 6 − ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとトリメチロールプロパンとのアダクト体の配合量を0.5重量部に変更した発泡成形品C33の荷重21.6kgのMI値は4.2であり、耐熱性は良であった。
製造例1で製造した荷重2.16kgのMI値800の原料ポリ乳酸P0.5を使用し、実施例4と同様にして1 , 6 − ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとトリメチロールプロパンとのアダクト体の配合量を0.25重量部に変更した発泡成形品C33の荷重21.6kgのMI値は7であり、最適条件を探したが発泡倍率が3.8倍に止まった。
製造例1で製造した荷重2.16kgのMI値88の原料ポリ乳酸を使用し、実施例2と同様にして1 , 6 − ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとトリメチロールプロパンとのアダクト体の配合量を3重量部に変更した発泡成形品C43の荷重21.6kgのMI値は0.003であり、粘度が高過ぎ、押し出しが容易でなく適当な発泡倍率条件を見出せなかった。
2 透間ゲージ
3 下押さえ板
A ホッパー: 定量供給装置が付属し、好ましくは窒素ガスパージされる装置
B 射出成型機: 押出し機部の途中にベント孔があり真空ポンプにより吸引されるのが望ましい
G 押出し機: 途中にベント孔があり真空ポンプにより吸引されるのが望ましい
E 発泡ガス供給サイドプランジャーポンプ
L ヘンシェルミキサー: ポリ乳酸、ポリイソシアネート、タンカルまたはタルクその他の添加剤などを計量投入し混合攪拌する装置、好ましくは窒素ガスを封入出来る装置
P 発泡金型: 一般にも使用されているが、特殊構造の金型で明細書[0047]の項で説明する
S オリフィス部: 上押さえ板(1)、下押さえ板(3)、透間ゲージ(2)で構成されている
Claims (9)
- ポリイソシアネートにより架橋されたポリ乳酸を、不活性ガスの超臨界条件下で、せん断力を加えることにより機械的に粉砕して得られたポリ乳酸組成物であって、前記ポリイソシアネートのポリ乳酸に対する配合量が0.5から1.5重量%であり、前記粉砕により得られたポリ乳酸組成物の190℃、荷重21.6kgのJIS K7210(ISO 1133)に準拠して計測されたMI値が0.05以上5以下であることを特徴とするポリ乳酸組成物。
- 前記粉砕により得られたポリ乳酸組成物の、GPCにより測定されたポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量が150万より小さいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のポリ乳酸組成物。
- ポリイソシアネートがトリイソシアネートまたはテトライソシアネートまたはジイソシアネートであり、または、前記ポリイソシアネートのアダクト体のいずれかを含む請求項1または請求項2のポリ乳酸組成物。
- 炭酸カルシウムまたはタルク微粒子を0.5から5重量%含有する請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のポリ乳酸組成物。
- 請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のポリ乳酸組成物からなる発泡成型品。
- 90℃の熱水を注入後、形態を保持している請求項5の発泡成型品。
- ポリイソシアネートにより架橋されたポリ乳酸を、せん断力を加えることにより機械的に粉砕して得られるポリ乳酸組成物の製造方法であって、前記ポリイソシアネートのポリ乳酸に対する配合量が0.5から1.5重量%であること、前記粉砕が不活性ガスの超臨界条件下で行われること、及び、前記粉砕により得られたポリ乳酸組成物の190℃、荷重21.6kgのJIS K7210(ISO 1133)に準拠して計測されたMI値が0.05以上5以下であることを特徴とするポリ乳酸組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のポリ乳酸組成物からなる発泡成型品を製造する方法であって、射出成型機(B)若しくは押出し成型機(G)と、オリフィス部(S)と、発泡金型(P)とを備えた装置を使用して、発泡ガスの超臨界条件下において、オリフィス部(S)においてせん断力を加えて、前記ポリ乳酸組成物を機械的に粉砕する工程を含むことを特徴とする発泡成型品の製造方法。
- 請求項8の製造方法で製造された発泡成型品。
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