JP5422514B2 - Solid fuel fired boiler - Google Patents

Solid fuel fired boiler Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP5422514B2
JP5422514B2 JP2010182682A JP2010182682A JP5422514B2 JP 5422514 B2 JP5422514 B2 JP 5422514B2 JP 2010182682 A JP2010182682 A JP 2010182682A JP 2010182682 A JP2010182682 A JP 2010182682A JP 5422514 B2 JP5422514 B2 JP 5422514B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
combustion
boiler
unburned
solid fuel
combustion gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
JP2010182682A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2012042087A (en
Inventor
隆 長友
和樹 長尾
輝美 門田
祐太 片之坂
Original Assignee
九州オリンピア工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 九州オリンピア工業株式会社 filed Critical 九州オリンピア工業株式会社
Priority to JP2010182682A priority Critical patent/JP5422514B2/en
Publication of JP2012042087A publication Critical patent/JP2012042087A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5422514B2 publication Critical patent/JP5422514B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Description

本発明は、例えば木質ペレットやチップ等の固形燃料を用いた比較的小型の固形燃料焚きボイラの改良に関する。   The present invention relates to an improvement in a relatively small solid fuel-fired boiler using solid fuel such as wood pellets and chips.

従来、この種の固形燃料焚きボイラとしては、例えば特許文献１に記載されたものが知られている。
当該固形燃料焚きボイラは、固形燃料を供給する供給装置と、供給装置からの固形燃料を燃焼させる燃焼装置と、燃焼装置からの燃焼ガスに依り蒸気を発生させるボイラと、ボイラからの燃焼ガス中の灰や煤塵を除去するサイクロン集塵器とを備えている。 Conventionally, as this type of solid fuel-fired boiler, for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known.
The solid fuel-fired boiler includes a supply device that supplies solid fuel, a combustion device that burns solid fuel from the supply device, a boiler that generates steam based on the combustion gas from the combustion device, and a combustion gas from the boiler Equipped with a cyclone dust collector that removes ash and dust.

而して、この様なものは、供給装置に依り固形燃料が燃焼装置に供給されて燃焼装置に依り固形燃料が燃焼される。燃焼装置に依り発生された燃焼ガスがボイラに送られてボイラに依り蒸気が発生される。ボイラから排出された燃焼ガスがサイクロン集塵器に送られてサイクロン集塵器に依り燃焼ガス中の灰や煤塵が除去される。   Thus, in such a case, the solid fuel is supplied to the combustion device by the supply device, and the solid fuel is combusted by the combustion device. The combustion gas generated by the combustion device is sent to the boiler, and steam is generated by the boiler. The combustion gas discharged from the boiler is sent to a cyclone dust collector, and ash and dust in the combustion gas are removed by the cyclone dust collector.

ところで、出力が略３００〜２７００ＫＷの比較的小型のボイラにあっては、燃焼装置を大きくして燃焼ガスの高温雰囲気での滞留時間を充分とって未燃物が燃焼ガス中に極力含まれない様にしていた。   By the way, in a comparatively small boiler with an output of approximately 300 to 2700 KW, the combustion apparatus is enlarged so that the residence time in the high-temperature atmosphere of the combustion gas is sufficient so that unburned substances are not contained in the combustion gas as much as possible. I did it.

特開２００８-６４３７０号公報JP 2008-64370 A

ところが、従来のものは、燃焼装置を大きくして燃焼ガス中の未燃物を極力減少させる様にしていたので、ボイラ全体が大型化してコストが高く付くと共に、搬送や据付けも容易に行なえなかった。   However, in the conventional type, the combustion apparatus is enlarged so that unburned substances in the combustion gas are reduced as much as possible. Therefore, the entire boiler is increased in size and cost is high, and transportation and installation are not easily performed. It was.

本発明は、叙上の問題点に鑑み、これを解消する為に創案されたもので、その課題とする処は、燃焼装置を大きくして燃焼ガス中の未燃物を減少させる必要がなく、それでいてボイラ全体の小型化とコストの低減が図れると共に、搬送や据付けも容易に行なえる様にした固形燃料焚きボイラを提供するにある。   The present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and the problem to be solved is that it is not necessary to enlarge the combustion device to reduce unburned substances in the combustion gas. However, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solid fuel-fired boiler that can reduce the size and cost of the entire boiler and can be easily transported and installed.

本発明の固形燃料焚きボイラは、固形燃料を供給する供給装置と、供給装置からの固形燃料を燃焼させる一次燃焼室及び燃焼ガスを二次燃焼させる二次燃焼室を有する燃焼装置と、燃焼装置からの燃焼ガスに依り蒸気を発生させるボイラと、ボイラからの燃焼ガス中の灰や煤塵を除去するサイクロン集塵器とを備えた固形燃料焚きボイラに於て、前記ボイラとサイクロン集塵器との間に燃焼ガス中の未燃物を分離する未燃物分離装置を設け、当該未燃物分離装置は、ボイラからの燃焼ガスを下方に導いた後に上方に導く仕切板を備えた重力分離方式にしてあり、流入した燃焼ガスが仕切板に沿って略４〜１２ｍ／ｓの流速で下降して仕切板の下端で未燃物が分離され、未燃物を含まない微細な灰を伴った燃焼ガスが仕切板に沿って略０．５〜２．０ｍ／ｓの流速で上昇して流出されるように構成され、又、前記未燃物分離装置は、分離された未燃物を密封しながら排出する密封排出手段と、密封排出手段から排出された未燃物を空気輸送によりボイラに設けた固形燃料の供給口近傍から燃焼装置の二次燃焼室に返送する返送手段とを備えていることに特徴が存する。 A solid fuel-fired boiler according to the present invention includes a supply device that supplies solid fuel, a primary combustion chamber that burns solid fuel from the supply device, a combustion device that has a secondary combustion chamber that performs secondary combustion of combustion gas, and a combustion device A solid fuel-fired boiler comprising a boiler that generates steam by using combustion gas from a boiler and a cyclone dust collector that removes ash and dust in the combustion gas from the boiler, the boiler and the cyclone dust collector, An unburned matter separation device for separating unburned matter in the combustion gas is provided between the two, and the unburned matter separation device includes a partition plate that guides the combustion gas from the boiler downward and then guides it upward. The combustion gas that has flowed in descends at a flow rate of approximately 4 to 12 m / s along the partition plate, and unburned material is separated at the lower end of the partition plate, accompanied by fine ash that does not contain unburned material. approximately 0.5 combustion gases along the partition plate Is configured to flow out to rise at a flow rate of .0m / s, also the unburned separation device, a sealing discharging means for discharging while sealing the separated unburned substances, discharged from the sealed discharge means The present invention is characterized in that it comprises return means for returning the unburned material that has been discharged to the secondary combustion chamber of the combustion device from the vicinity of the solid fuel supply port provided in the boiler by pneumatic transportation.

供給装置に依り固形燃料が燃焼装置に供給されて燃焼装置に依り固形燃料が燃焼される。燃焼装置に依り発生された燃焼ガスがボイラに送られてボイラに依り蒸気が発生される。ボイラから排出された燃焼ガスが未燃物分離装置に送られて未燃物分離装置に依り燃焼ガス中の未燃物が分離される。未燃物分離装置から排出された燃焼ガスがサイクロン集塵器に送られてサイクロン集塵器に依り燃焼ガス中の灰や煤塵が除去される。
ボイラとサイクロン集塵器との間には、未燃物分離装置を設けて燃焼ガス中の未燃物を分離する様にしたので、燃焼装置を大きくして燃焼ガス中の未燃物を極力減少させる必要がなくなる。この為、ボイラ全体の小型化とコストの低減が図れると共に、搬送や据付けも容易に行なえる。 The solid fuel is supplied to the combustion device by the supply device, and the solid fuel is combusted by the combustion device. The combustion gas generated by the combustion device is sent to the boiler, and steam is generated by the boiler. The combustion gas discharged from the boiler is sent to the unburned material separator, and the unburned material in the combustion gas is separated by the unburned material separator. The combustion gas discharged from the unburned material separator is sent to the cyclone dust collector, and ash and dust in the combustion gas are removed by the cyclone dust collector.
An unburned material separator was installed between the boiler and the cyclone dust collector to separate unburned materials in the combustion gas. Therefore, the combustion device was enlarged so that unburned material in the combustion gas was removed as much as possible. There is no need to reduce it. For this reason, the entire boiler can be reduced in size and cost, and can be easily transported and installed.

未燃物分離装置に依り分離された未燃物は、燃焼装置に戻されてこれに依り再燃焼されるのが好ましい。この様にすれば、未燃物を別途処分する必要がないと共に、再利用する事ができる。   The unburned material separated by the unburned material separation device is preferably returned to the combustion device and recombusted accordingly. In this way, it is not necessary to dispose of the unburned material separately and it can be reused.

未燃物分離装置は、ボイラからの燃焼ガスを下方に導いた後に上方に導く仕切板を備えた重力分離方式にしてあるのが好ましい。この様にすれば、構造が簡単で効率良く未燃物を分離する事ができる共に、圧力損失を小さくする事ができる。   It is preferable that the unburned matter separation device is of a gravity separation type provided with a partition plate that guides combustion gas from the boiler downward and then guides it upward. In this way, the structure is simple and the unburned material can be separated efficiently and the pressure loss can be reduced.

未燃物分離装置は、未燃物を密封しながら排出する密封排出手段と、密封排出手段からの未燃物を燃焼装置に返送する返送手段とを備えているのが好ましい。この様にすれば、未燃物を外部に漏洩させる事なく排出できると共に、未燃物を燃焼装置に返送して再燃焼させる事ができる。   It is preferable that the unburned material separation device includes a sealed discharge unit that discharges the unburned material while sealing it, and a return unit that returns the unburned material from the sealed discharge unit to the combustion device. If it does in this way, while being able to discharge | emit without making unburned material leak outside, unburned material can be returned to a combustion apparatus and recombusted.

密封排出手段は、ロータリバルブにしてあるのが好ましい。この様にすれば、構造の簡単化とコストの低減を図る事ができる。   The sealed discharge means is preferably a rotary valve. In this way, the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

返送手段は、未燃物を燃焼装置に導く返送管と、返送管に接続されて未燃物を圧送する送風機とを備えているのが好ましい。この様にすれば、送風機を用いて未燃物を空気輸送する事ができると共に、輸送後の空気を燃焼に利用する事ができる。   The return means preferably includes a return pipe that guides the unburned material to the combustion device, and a blower that is connected to the return pipe and pumps the unburned material. If it does in this way, while being able to pneumatically convey an unburned thing using a blower, the air after transportation can be utilized for combustion.

本発明に依れば、次の様な優れた効果を奏する事ができる。
（１） 供給装置、燃焼装置、ボイラ、サイクロン集塵器、未燃物分離装置とで構成し、とりわけボイラとサイクロン集塵器との間に燃焼ガス中の未燃物を分離する未燃物分離装置を設けたので、燃焼装置を大きくして燃焼ガス中の未燃物を減少させる必要がなく、それでいてボイラ全体の小型化とコストの低減が図れると共に、搬送や据付けも容易に行なえる。
（２） ボイラとサイクロン集塵器との間に燃焼ガス中の未燃物を分離する未燃物分離装置を設けるだけであるので、既存のものへも容易に適用する事ができる。 According to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.
(1) An unburned material that consists of a supply device, a combustion device, a boiler, a cyclone dust collector, and an unburned material separator, and that separates unburned material in the combustion gas between the boiler and the cyclone dust collector. Since the separation device is provided, it is not necessary to enlarge the combustion device to reduce unburned substances in the combustion gas, and yet the entire boiler can be reduced in size and cost, and can be easily transported and installed.
(2) Since only an unburned matter separation device for separating unburned matter in the combustion gas is provided between the boiler and the cyclone dust collector, it can be easily applied to existing ones.

本発明の固形燃料焚きボイラを示す概要図。The schematic diagram which shows the solid fuel burning boiler of this invention. 未燃物分離装置を示す縦断側面図。The vertical side view which shows an unburned material separator. 図２の横断平面図。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of FIG. 2. 未燃物分離装置の他の例を示す縦断側面図。The vertical side view which shows the other example of an unburned material separator. 図４の横断平面図。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of FIG. 4.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面に基づいて説明する。
図１乃至図３に於て、固形燃料焚きボイラ１は、供給装置２、燃焼装置３、ボイラ４、サイクロン集塵器５、未燃物分離装置６とからその主要部が構成されている。
固形燃料焚きボイラ１は、具体的には、蒸発量５００ｋｇ／ｈの木質ペレット焚き蒸気ボイラにしてあり、ボイラ形式が多管式貫流ボイラで、定格燃焼量７５．５ｋｇ／ｈ、燃焼ガス量５４０ｍ3 Ｎ／ｈ、燃焼室容積０．６５ｍ3 にしてある。
供給装置２、燃焼装置３及びボイラ４は、具体的には、特許文献１に記載されたものと略同様に構成されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3, a solid fuel-fired boiler 1 is composed of a supply device 2, a combustion device 3, a boiler 4, a cyclone dust collector 5, and an unburned matter separation device 6.
Specifically, the solid fuel-fired boiler 1 is a wood pellet fired steam boiler with an evaporation amount of 500 kg / h, the boiler type is a multi-tube once-through boiler, a rated combustion amount of 75.5 kg / h, and a combustion gas amount of 540 m. 3 N / h, combustion chamber volume 0.65 m 3 .
Specifically, the supply device 2, the combustion device 3, and the boiler 4 are configured in substantially the same manner as that described in Patent Document 1.

供給装置２は、固形燃料Ａを供給するもので、この例では、貯蔵サイロ（図示せず）からの固形燃料Ａを小容量だけ貯蔵するサービスサイロ７と、これに接続されて固形燃料Ａを搬送するスクリュコンベヤ８と、これに接続されて燃焼装置３へ固形燃料Ａを供給する供給管９と、スクリューコンベヤ８から排出される固形燃料Ａを供給管９へ押し込む為の押込み送風機１０等を備えている。   The supply device 2 supplies solid fuel A. In this example, the supply device 2 stores a small amount of solid fuel A from a storage silo (not shown), and a service silo 7 connected to this to store the solid fuel A. A screw conveyor 8 to be transported, a supply pipe 9 connected to the screw conveyor 8 to supply the solid fuel A to the combustion device 3, a pushing fan 10 for pushing the solid fuel A discharged from the screw conveyor 8 into the supply pipe 9, etc. I have.

燃焼装置３は、供給装置２からの固形燃料Ａを燃焼させるもので、この例では、図略しているが、ボイラ４の下部に設けられて一次燃焼室１１を形成する燃焼筒１２と、これの内部下位に設けられて一次燃焼室１１に燃焼用空気を均一に分配供給する多孔板と、これの上に形成されて多数の耐熱性のセラミック粒子を点接触状態で積層したセラミック粒子層と、多孔板の下部空間に燃焼用空気を旋回状態で供給する燃焼用空気供給部と、燃焼用空気供給部へ燃焼用空気を供給する燃焼用送風機１３と、燃焼筒１２に設けられてセラミック粒子層上の固形燃料Ａに点火する為の点火用バーナ１４等を備えている。   The combustion device 3 burns the solid fuel A from the supply device 2. Although not shown in this example, the combustion device 3 is provided at a lower portion of the boiler 4 and forms a primary combustion chamber 11. A perforated plate that is provided in the lower part of the gas chamber and uniformly distributes and supplies combustion air to the primary combustion chamber 11, and a ceramic particle layer formed on the perforated plate and laminated in a point contact state with a number of heat-resistant ceramic particles. A combustion air supply unit that supplies combustion air to the lower space of the perforated plate in a swirling state, a combustion blower 13 that supplies combustion air to the combustion air supply unit, and ceramic particles provided in the combustion cylinder 12 An ignition burner 14 for igniting the solid fuel A on the layer is provided.

燃焼装置３は、ボイラ４の内部に形成された二次燃焼室１５を含み、ボイラ４の上部に設けられた供給口１６から二次燃焼室１５を経てセラミック粒子層上に供給された固形燃料Ａを燃焼用空気供給部から多孔板を経た燃焼用空気に依り流動させながら燃焼させると共に、ここからの燃焼ガスＢをボイラ４内の二次燃焼室１５で二次燃焼させる様にしてある。   The combustion apparatus 3 includes a secondary combustion chamber 15 formed inside the boiler 4, and the solid fuel supplied onto the ceramic particle layer from the supply port 16 provided in the upper portion of the boiler 4 through the secondary combustion chamber 15. A is burned while flowing A from the combustion air supply section by the combustion air passing through the perforated plate, and the combustion gas B from here is secondarily burned in the secondary combustion chamber 15 in the boiler 4.

ボイラ４は、燃焼装置３からの燃焼ガスＢに依り蒸気を発生させるもので、この例では、水管ボイラにしてあり、図略しているが、中央に二次燃焼室１５を形成する環状の内側水冷壁と、これの外側に同心状に配置された環状の外側水冷壁と、内側水冷壁と外側水冷壁の間に形成されて入口側が二次燃焼室１５に連通された環状の燃焼ガス通路と、これの出口側に接続されて燃焼ガスＢを排出する煙道１７と、両水冷壁の各水管の上端部及び下端部に夫々連通状に接続された上部ヘッダ１８及び下部ヘッダ１９と、燃焼ガス通路の底部にパージ空気を供給して焼却灰や未燃物が堆積するのを防止するパージ空気供給機構２０と、上部ヘッダ１８に接続された気水分離器２１と、上部ヘッダ１８と下部ヘッダ１９間に設けられた水位制御筒２２等を備えている。   The boiler 4 generates steam depending on the combustion gas B from the combustion device 3. In this example, the boiler 4 is a water tube boiler, which is not illustrated, but has an annular inner side forming a secondary combustion chamber 15 in the center. An annular combustion gas passage formed between a water cooling wall, an annular outer water cooling wall concentrically disposed outside the water cooling wall, an inner water cooling wall and the outer water cooling wall, and an inlet side communicating with the secondary combustion chamber 15 A flue 17 that is connected to the outlet side of the water pipe and discharges the combustion gas B; and an upper header 18 and a lower header 19 that are connected to the upper and lower ends of the water pipes of both water cooling walls, respectively. A purge air supply mechanism 20 that supplies purge air to the bottom of the combustion gas passage to prevent incineration ash and unburned matter from accumulating; a steam / water separator 21 connected to the upper header 18; Water level control cylinder 22 provided between lower headers 19 It is equipped with a.

サイクロン集塵器５は、ボイラ４からの燃焼ガスＢ中の灰や煤塵を除去するもので、この例では、縦長の筒状を呈する集塵筒２３と、これの上部側方に形成された入口２４と、集塵筒２３の上部に形成された出口２５と、集塵筒２３の下部に形成された排出口２６とを備えて居り、入口２４から内部に吸引された燃焼ガスＢ中の灰や煤塵を旋回流に乗せて分離除去する様にしてある。   The cyclone dust collector 5 removes ash and soot in the combustion gas B from the boiler 4. In this example, the cyclone dust collector 5 is formed on the upper side of the dust collection cylinder 23 having a vertically long cylindrical shape. An inlet 24, an outlet 25 formed at the upper part of the dust collecting cylinder 23, and a discharge port 26 formed at the lower part of the dust collecting cylinder 23 are provided, and the combustion gas B in the combustion gas B sucked into the interior from the inlet 24 is provided. Ashes and dust are put on the swirling flow and separated and removed.

サイクロン集塵器５の入口２４には、未燃物分離装置６を介してボイラ４の煙道１７が接続されると共に、サイクロン集塵器５の出口２５には、誘引送風機２７を介して煙突（図示せず）が接続される。サイクロン集塵器５の排出口２６には、スクリュコンベヤ２８を介して灰ボックス２９が接続されて居り、分離された灰や煤塵が搬送されて貯留される様にしてある。   A chimney 17 of the boiler 4 is connected to the inlet 24 of the cyclone dust collector 5 via the unburned substance separator 6, and a chimney is connected to the outlet 25 of the cyclone dust collector 5 via the induction fan 27. (Not shown) is connected. An ash box 29 is connected to the discharge port 26 of the cyclone dust collector 5 via a screw conveyor 28 so that the separated ash and dust are transported and stored.

未燃物分離装置６は、ボイラ４とサイクロン集塵器５との間に設けられて燃焼ガスＢ中の未燃物Ｃを分離するもので、この例では、ボイラ４からの燃焼ガスＢを下方に導いた後に上方に導く仕切板３０を備えた重力分離方式にしてあり、断面略方形の漏斗状を呈する分離筒３１と、これの上部に前後方向（図２に於て左右方向）に離間して形成された入口３２及び出口３３と、下方に形成された排出口３４と、分離筒３１の内部上半を入口側と出口側に区画する仕切板３０とを備えている。   The unburned material separator 6 is provided between the boiler 4 and the cyclone dust collector 5 and separates the unburned material C in the combustion gas B. In this example, the unburned material separation device 6 removes the combustion gas B from the boiler 4. It is a gravity separation system provided with a partition plate 30 that guides downward and then guides upward, and a separation cylinder 31 that has a substantially square funnel shape in cross section, and an upper portion thereof in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 2). An inlet 32 and an outlet 33 formed apart from each other, an outlet 34 formed below, and a partition plate 30 that partitions the upper half of the separation cylinder 31 into an inlet side and an outlet side.

未燃物分離装置６の入口３２には、ボイラ４の煙道１７が接続されると共に、未燃物分装置６の出口３３には、サイクロン集塵器５の入口２４が接続される。
未燃物分離装置６は、入口３２から流入された燃焼ガスＢが、仕切板３０に沿って流速が略４〜１２ｍ／ｓで下降されて仕切板３０の下端で未燃物Ｃが分離され、未燃物Ｃを含まない微細な灰を伴ったものが、仕切板３０に沿って流速が略０．５〜２．０ｍ／ｓで上昇されて出口３３から流出される様にしてある。
上昇時の流速（立上り流速）が０．５ｍ／ｓ以下になると、未燃物Ｃを含まない灰の排出が少なくなり、立上り流速が２．０ｍ／ｓ以上になると、排出される燃焼ガスＢへの未燃物Ｃの混入が増加する。従って、立上り流速は、略１．０〜１．５ｍ／ｓにするのが望ましい。 The flue 17 of the boiler 4 is connected to the inlet 32 of the unburnt substance separator 6, and the inlet 24 of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to the outlet 33 of the unburnt substance distributor 6.
In the unburned material separation device 6, the combustion gas B flowing in from the inlet 32 is lowered along the partition plate 30 at a flow velocity of about 4 to 12 m / s, and the unburned material C is separated at the lower end of the partition plate 30. In addition, the thing with fine ash not containing unburned matter C is made to flow out from the outlet 33 after the flow velocity is increased along the partition plate 30 at a rate of about 0.5 to 2.0 m / s.
When the rising flow velocity (rising flow velocity) is 0.5 m / s or less, the ash emission that does not include the unburned substance C is reduced, and when the rising flow velocity is 2.0 m / s or more, the combustion gas B is discharged. Inclusion of unburned substance C in Therefore, it is desirable that the rising flow velocity is approximately 1.0 to 1.5 m / s.

未燃物分離装置６は、分離された未燃物Ｃを密封しながら排出する密封排出手段３５と、密封排出手段３５からの未燃物Ｃを燃焼装置３に返送する返送手段３６とを備えている。
密封排出手段３５は、排出口３４に接続されたロータリバルブにしてあり、例えば実用新案登録第３１５７２１０号に記載されたものが用いられる。
返送手段３６は、未燃物Ｃを燃焼装置３に導く返送管３７と、返送管３７に接続されて未燃物Ｃを圧送する送風機３８とを備えている。
返送手段３６の返送管３７は、供給口１６近傍のボイラ４の二次燃焼室１５に接続されて居り、二次燃焼が阻害されずに吹込まれた未燃物Ｃの滞留時間が充分とれる様にしてある。 The unburned matter separation device 6 includes a sealed discharge means 35 that discharges the separated unburned matter C while sealing, and a return means 36 that returns the unburned matter C from the sealed discharge means 35 to the combustion device 3. ing.
The sealed discharge means 35 is a rotary valve connected to the discharge port 34, and for example, the one described in Utility Model Registration No. 3157210 is used.
The return means 36 includes a return pipe 37 that guides the unburned material C to the combustion device 3 and a blower 38 that is connected to the return pipe 37 and pumps the unburned material C.
The return pipe 37 of the return means 36 is connected to the secondary combustion chamber 15 of the boiler 4 in the vicinity of the supply port 16 so that the residence time of the unburned matter C blown in without being inhibited from the secondary combustion can be secured. It is.

次に、この様な構成に基づいてその作用を述解する。
供給装置２のサービスサイロ７に貯留された固形燃料Ａは、スクリュコンベヤ８と押込み送風機１０と供給管９に依り供給口１６からボイラ４の二次燃焼室１５を経て燃焼装置３の一次燃焼室１１に供給される。一次燃焼室１１に供給された固形燃料Ａは、点火用バーナ１４に依り点火されて燃焼用送風機１３からの燃焼用空気に依り一次燃焼される。この一次燃焼に依り発生した燃焼ガスＢは、ボイラ４の二次燃焼室１５に送られて二次燃焼されると共に、燃焼ガス通路を通って煙道１７から排出される。この時に、ボイラ４の両水冷壁との間で熱交換が行なわれて蒸気が発生される。 Next, the operation will be described based on such a configuration.
The solid fuel A stored in the service silo 7 of the supply device 2 passes through the secondary combustion chamber 15 of the boiler 4 from the supply port 16 through the screw conveyor 8, the forced blower 10 and the supply pipe 9, and the primary combustion chamber of the combustion device 3. 11 is supplied. The solid fuel A supplied to the primary combustion chamber 11 is ignited by the ignition burner 14 and is primarily burned by the combustion air from the combustion blower 13. The combustion gas B generated by the primary combustion is sent to the secondary combustion chamber 15 of the boiler 4 for secondary combustion, and is discharged from the flue 17 through the combustion gas passage. At this time, heat is exchanged between the water cooling walls of the boiler 4 to generate steam.

ボイラ４から排出された燃焼ガスＢは、未燃物分離装置６に送られてこれに依り未燃物Ｃが分離される。
未燃物分離装置６に依り分離された未燃物Ｃは、密封排出手段３５に依り密封されながら未燃物分離装置６から排出され、返送手段３６の返送管３７と送風機３８に依りボイラ４の二次燃焼室１５に空気輸送されてここで再燃焼される。 The combustion gas B discharged from the boiler 4 is sent to the unburned material separation device 6, and the unburned material C is separated accordingly.
The unburned matter C separated by the unburned matter separating device 6 is discharged from the unburned matter separating device 6 while being sealed by the sealed discharge means 35, and the boiler 4 depends on the return pipe 37 and the blower 38 of the returning means 36. The secondary combustion chamber 15 is pneumatically transported and recombusted there.

未燃物分離装置６から排出された燃焼ガスＢは、サイクロン集塵器５に送られてこれに依り灰や煤塵が除去された後、誘引送風機２７に依り誘引されて煙突から大気中に排出される。
ボイラ４とサイクロン集塵器５との間には、未燃物分離装置６を設けて燃焼ガスＢ中の未燃物Ｃを分離する様にしたので、燃焼装置３を大きくして燃焼ガスＢ中の未燃物Ｃを極力減少させる必要がなくなる。この為、ボイラ全体の小型化とコストの低減が図れると共に、搬送や据付けも容易に行なえる。 The combustion gas B discharged from the unburnt substance separating device 6 is sent to the cyclone dust collector 5 where ash and dust are removed and then attracted by the induction blower 27 and discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere. Is done.
Since the unburned matter separation device 6 is provided between the boiler 4 and the cyclone dust collector 5 to separate the unburned matter C in the combustion gas B, the combustion device 3 is enlarged and the combustion gas B There is no need to reduce the unburned material C in the inside as much as possible. For this reason, the entire boiler can be reduced in size and cost, and can be easily transported and installed.

ところで、固形燃料焚きボイラやごみ焼却炉にあっては、燃焼評価として熱灼減量（％）が使用されて居り、法規制はないものの、大型ボイラでは１０％以下としているメーカもある。これは、灰の埋立基準値からこの様に決めていると考えられる。
そこで、固形燃料焚きボイラに於て、本発明の様に未燃物分離装置６を設けた場合と、従来の様に未燃物分離装置６を設けない場合との熱灼減量（％）を測定したところ、前者は、負荷が定格の２０％、１／２定格の８０％ではあるが８．２％であり、後者は、定格連続運転ではあるが４８．５％であった。
つまり、本発明の固形燃料焚きボイラ１の燃焼評価としては、概ね大型ボイラ並に大きく改善されている事が判った。 By the way, in solid fuel-fired boilers and waste incinerators, there is a manufacturer that uses thermal reduction (%) as a combustion evaluation and there is no legal regulation, but for large boilers it is 10% or less. This is considered to be decided in this way from the landfill standard value of ash.
Therefore, in the solid fuel-fired boiler, the amount of reduction in heat (%) between the case where the unburned substance separator 6 is provided as in the present invention and the case where the unburned substance separator 6 is not provided as in the prior art. As a result of the measurement, the former was 8.2% although the load was 20% of the rating and 80% of the 1/2 rating, while the latter was 48.5% although it was rated continuous operation.
In other words, it was found that the combustion evaluation of the solid fuel-fired boiler 1 of the present invention has been greatly improved as much as a large boiler.

尚、未燃物分離装置６は、先の例では、断面略方形であったが、これに限らず、例えば図４及び図５に示す如く、断面略円形にしたり、或はその他の形状にしても良い。
未燃物分離装置６は、先の例では、分離した未燃物Ｃを燃焼装置３へ返送して再燃焼させる様にしたが、これに限らず、例えば分離した未燃物Ｃを回収して廃棄処分等をしても良い。
未燃物分離装置６は、先の例では、分離した未燃物Ｃをボイラ４の二次燃焼室１５に吹込む様にしたが、これに限らず、例えば燃焼装置３の一次燃焼室１１に吹込む様にしても良い。 The unburned material separator 6 has a substantially square cross section in the previous example, but is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the unburnt substance separator 6 has a substantially circular cross section or other shapes. May be.
In the previous example, the unburned material separation device 6 is configured to return the separated unburned material C to the combustion device 3 to be recombusted. May be disposed of.
In the previous example, the unburnt substance separator 6 blows the separated unburnt substance C into the secondary combustion chamber 15 of the boiler 4. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, the primary combustion chamber 11 of the combustion apparatus 3. You may make it blow.

１…固形燃料焚きボイラ、２…供給装置、３…燃焼装置、４…ボイラ、５…サイクロン集塵器、６…未燃物分離装置、７…サービスサイロ、８…スクリュコンベヤ、９…供給管、１０…押込み送風機、１１…一次燃焼室、１２…燃焼筒、１３…燃焼用送風機、１４…点火用バーナ、１５…二次燃焼室、１６…供給口、１７…煙道、１８…上部ヘッダ、１９…下部ヘッダ、２０…パージ空気供給機構、２１…気水分離器、２２…水位制御筒、２３…集塵筒、２４…入口、２５…出口、２６…排出口、２７…誘引送風機、２８…スクリュコンベヤ、２９…灰ボックス、３０…仕切板、３１…分離筒、３２…入口、３３…出口、３４…排出口、３５…密封排出手段、３６…返送手段、３７…返送管、３８…送風機、Ａ…固形燃料、Ｂ…燃焼ガス、Ｃ…未燃物。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Solid fuel burning boiler, 2 ... Feeding device, 3 ... Combustion device, 4 ... Boiler, 5 ... Cyclone dust collector, 6 ... Unburned material separator, 7 ... Service silo, 8 ... Screw conveyor, 9 ... Supply pipe DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Push-in fan, 11 ... Primary combustion chamber, 12 ... Combustion cylinder, 13 ... Combustion blower, 14 ... Ignition burner, 15 ... Secondary combustion chamber, 16 ... Supply port, 17 ... Flue, 18 ... Upper header , 19 ... Lower header, 20 ... Purge air supply mechanism, 21 ... Air / water separator, 22 ... Water level control cylinder, 23 ... Dust collection cylinder, 24 ... Inlet, 25 ... Outlet, 26 ... Discharge port, 27 ... Induction fan, 28 ... Screw conveyor, 29 ... Ash box, 30 ... Partition plate, 31 ... Separation tube, 32 ... Inlet, 33 ... Outlet, 34 ... Discharge port, 35 ... Sealed discharge means, 36 ... Return means, 37 ... Return pipe, 38 ... Blower, A ... Solid fuel, B ... Combustion gas, C Unburned substances.

Claims (1)

固形燃料を供給する供給装置と、供給装置からの固形燃料を燃焼させる一次燃焼室及び燃焼ガスを二次燃焼させる二次燃焼室を有する燃焼装置と、燃焼装置からの燃焼ガスに依り蒸気を発生させるボイラと、ボイラからの燃焼ガス中の灰や煤塵を除去するサイクロン集塵器とを備えた固形燃料焚きボイラに於て、前記ボイラとサイクロン集塵器との間に燃焼ガス中の未燃物を分離する未燃物分離装置を設け、当該未燃物分離装置は、ボイラからの燃焼ガスを下方に導いた後に上方に導く仕切板を備えた重力分離方式にしてあり、流入した燃焼ガスが仕切板に沿って略４〜１２ｍ／ｓの流速で下降して仕切板の下端で未燃物が分離され、未燃物を含まない微細な灰を伴った燃焼ガスが仕切板に沿って略０．５〜２．０ｍ／ｓの流速で上昇して流出されるように構成され、又、前記未燃物分離装置は、分離された未燃物を密封しながら排出する密封排出手段と、密封排出手段から排出された未燃物を空気輸送によりボイラに設けた固形燃料の供給口近傍から燃焼装置の二次燃焼室に返送する返送手段とを備えていることを特徴とする固形燃料焚きボイラ。 Steam is generated by a supply device for supplying solid fuel, a combustion device having a primary combustion chamber for burning solid fuel from the supply device and a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion of combustion gas, and combustion gas from the combustion device And a cyclone dust collector that removes ash and dust in the combustion gas from the boiler, the unburned gas in the combustion gas between the boiler and the cyclone dust collector An unburned matter separation device is provided for separating an object, and the unburned matter separation device has a gravity separation system including a partition plate that guides combustion gas from a boiler downward and then guides it upward. Descends at a flow rate of approximately 4 to 12 m / s along the partition plate, unburned material is separated at the lower end of the partition plate, and combustion gas accompanied by fine ash not containing unburned material flows along the partition plate. flow was increased at a rate of approximately 0.5~2.0m / s The unburned material separation device is configured to discharge the sealed unburned material while sealing the unburned material, and the unburned material discharged from the sealed discharge device to the boiler by pneumatic transportation. A solid fuel-fired boiler comprising return means for returning to the secondary combustion chamber of the combustion device from the vicinity of the provided solid fuel supply port.
JP2010182682A 2010-08-18 2010-08-18 Solid fuel fired boiler Active JP5422514B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010182682A JP5422514B2 (en) 2010-08-18 2010-08-18 Solid fuel fired boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010182682A JP5422514B2 (en) 2010-08-18 2010-08-18 Solid fuel fired boiler

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2012042087A JP2012042087A (en) 2012-03-01
JP5422514B2 true JP5422514B2 (en) 2014-02-19

Family

ID=45898632

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2010182682A Active JP5422514B2 (en) 2010-08-18 2010-08-18 Solid fuel fired boiler

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5422514B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102620282A (en) * 2012-03-19 2012-08-01 芜湖杰利生物能源有限公司 Rice hull carbonizing and collecting device
KR101598064B1 (en) * 2014-07-07 2016-02-26 하만식 Re-combustion apparatus of solid fuel of incomplete combustion
CN110056861B (en) * 2019-04-19 2020-10-09 董赵卜 Energy-saving environment-friendly boiler with fuel recycling function

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6146806A (en) * 1984-08-11 1986-03-07 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Burning method of oil coke
JPH0619819U (en) * 1992-04-03 1994-03-15 荏原インフィルコ株式会社 Dry acidic exhaust gas treatment device
JPH11165030A (en) * 1997-12-05 1999-06-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method for recovering sulfuric acid and sulfur trioxide in waste gas
JP4737823B2 (en) * 2000-12-14 2011-08-03 株式会社Ｉｈｉ環境エンジニアリング Gas cooling tower
JP4766562B2 (en) * 2006-09-06 2011-09-07 九州オリンピア工業株式会社 Wood pellet fired steam boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2012042087A (en) 2012-03-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4766562B2 (en) Wood pellet fired steam boiler
JP2010101599A (en) Hybrid hot air device
JP2010101598A (en) Hybrid water heater
JP5422514B2 (en) Solid fuel fired boiler
CN104613638A (en) Inner container biomass boiler
CN202253668U (en) Open type hearth circulating fluid bed waste incineration boiler
JP7191642B2 (en) Boiler, ash processing equipment, method of operating boiler and method of operating ash processing equipment
CN103759412A (en) Biomass boiler with automatic feeding function
KR101417680B1 (en) Incinerator integrated with waste heat boiler
CN1477329A (en) Fluidized bed boiler with multifunctional cyclone separator
CA2816293C (en) Burner with unidirectional secondary air
KR100916684B1 (en) Gasification boiler for solid fuels
CN203364148U (en) Biomass boiler with own first-class multi-pipe cyclone dust removal devices and rear smoke channel thereof
EA014014B1 (en) A method and boiler for combustion of granulated biofuel
KR20160008283A (en) Bubbling fluidized bed combustor integrated with boiler
JP2022532299A (en) How to replace an incinerator for solid materials and its nozzle inserts
CN206504318U (en) Chimney-free combustion furnace
JP3800099B2 (en) Circulating fluidized bed furnace and circulating fluidized bed boiler
FI91558C (en) Pulse Combustion Boiler
CN212961551U (en) Powder preheating gas generator and corresponding powder horizontal or vertical combustion boiler
JP6906878B1 (en) Combustion furnace and boiler system
CN210861113U (en) Pollutant combustion equipment
JP2011226691A (en) Solid fuel combustion device and boiler device
CN102022823A (en) Boiler
JP2009085572A (en) Combustion boiler for combustible material containing powder and particulate

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20120309

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20130704

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20130708

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20130822

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20130920

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20131017

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20131115

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20131125

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 5422514

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250