JP5179608B2 - エラストマー構成成分を含む領域を有する使い捨て吸収性物品 - Google Patents
エラストマー構成成分を含む領域を有する使い捨て吸収性物品 Download PDFInfo
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Description
用語「使い捨て」は、本明細書では、洗濯する、ないしは別の方法で吸収性物品として復元するか再利用されることを一般に意図しない(即ち、一回の使用後に廃棄する、好ましくはリサイクルする、堆肥化する、ないしは環境に適合する方法で処理することを意図する)吸収性物品を説明するために使用される。
本発明の1つの態様によると、液体透水性トップシート、液体不透水性バックシート、及びそのトップシートとバックシートの間に配置される吸収性コアを含む吸収性物品が提供される。物品はまた、耳部又はサイドパネル、レッグカフ、締結具構成要素、及び/又はベルトなどであるがそれらに限定されない1以上の要素も具備してよい。本発明による吸収性物品には1以上の伸張領域を設けてもよい。ほとんどの場合、このような伸張領域は前述の要素の少なくとも一部を含むことになる。本発明の他の態様では、伸張領域は、エラストマー組成物を配置された基材を含む。エラストマー組成物は、伸張領域の少なくとも一部を伸長した場合に、その伸張領域に弾性抵抗を与える。本発明の好ましい実施形態では、エラストマー組成物は予め定められた幾何学的模様(すなわち形状及び配向)で基材上に配置されて、その要素の性能を高めるような態様でこのような弾性抵抗を与えるようにする。この模様は好ましくは、通常の模様のないデザインよりも、その伸張領域が、物品を着用者へ適用することによって引き起こされる固定荷重及び引張り力をより効果的に保持できるようにし、並びに/又は着用者の動き、及び/若しくは物品の重量若しくは物品の***内容物の重量に適応できるようにする。
図1〜13の全ての実施形態は、本発明の範囲から逸脱することなく、下記に記載する材料、設計、及び組み立て方法のいずれかの1つ以上をとってもよい、おむつ構成要素を有する。種々の周知の構成におけるいずれの物品構成要素を組み合わせてもよいが、代表的なおむつの構成は、米国特許第3,860,003号;米国特許第5,151,092号;及び米国特許第5,221,274号;並びに米国特許第5,554,145号;米国特許第5,569,234号;米国特許第5,580,411号;及び米国特許第6,004,306号に概ね記載されている。
弾性特性のヒステリシス試験
概観
この試験は、a)弾性抵抗(25%伸長時の荷重)、b)力緩和、及びc)個々の伸張領域又は伸張領域の列の残留ひずみ(set)%、を測定する。伸張領域は交差していても交差していなくてもよい。非交差の伸張領域は平行であっても平行でなくてもよい。理想的には、試料寸法は幅2.54cm×長さ5.08cmであり、伸長方向をその長い寸法とする。さらに、理想的には、ゲージ長さは2.54cmでなければならない。その伸縮性は種々の模様であることができるので、伸張領域の異なる部類に対して異なる試料調製手順を規定する必要がある。試料が調製されたら、それを予め規定されたレジメンに従って伸長して特性決定のためのデータを得る。
引張り試験機:インストロン・エンジニアリング社(Instron Engineering Corp.)(マサチューセッツ州カントン(Canton))又はシンテック・MTS・システム・コーポレーション(SINTECH-MTS Systems Corporation)(ミネソタ州エデンプレーリー(Eden Prairie))からの市販の定速延伸引張り試験機(又は同等の引張り試験機)が好適であり得る。試験速度及びその他の試験パラメータを制御し、データを収集、計算及び報告するために、機器をコンピュータに接続する。
(i)直線状、非交差伸張領域のための試料調製
個々の伸張領域内から幅2.54cm×長さ5.08cmの試料を切断する。個々の伸張領域がこれらの寸法よりも小さい場合には、試料は伸張領域全体を含まなければならない。試料をつかみ具内で正しい方向に合わせ、確実にサンプルがその伸張領域の長手方向において伸縮されるようにする。個々の伸張領域からの力が引張り試験機で測定するには小さすぎる場合、複数の製品から採取した同一の伸張領域からの数個の試料を引張り試験機のグリップの間でまとめて引っ張ることができ、そのデータを個々の伸張領域へと標準化する。すべての伸張領域が均一に離間され互いに平行であり、また同一の寸法及び坪量のエラストマーを有する特殊な場合には、複数の伸張領域にわたる2.54cm試料を試験することができる。その場合荷重は、全体の力を伸張領域の数で割ることによって個々の伸張領域へと標準化することができる。
試料の寸法は幅6.3mm×長さ5.08cmである。長さは湾曲した経路に沿って測定される。試料の幅は小さいので、湾曲した伸張領域を直線状の伸張領域として近似できる。引張り試験機のゲージ長さは2.54cmに設定される。前述したように、上記の寸法の試料を得ることが可能でない場合、試料寸法は可能な限り大きな値まで減少することができ、それに従ってゲージ長さを調節する。
試験試料は幅2.54cm×長さ5.08cmである。列がこれらの寸法よりも小さい場合には、サンプルは列全体を含まなければならない。列は最大伸縮の方向に近い方向に引張られる必要がある。これは一般に、試料を幾つかの方向(例えば、CD、MD、及びCDに対し45°)に引っ張ることによって決定することができる。このような方向が容易に識別されない場合には、実行しない(default)引張り方向は機械横方向とする。
ヒステリシスは標準的な研究室条件(25℃±2℃及び相対湿度略50%±2.0%)で測定される。
1.メーカーの説明書に従って試験機を較正する。
2.ゲージ長さを2.54cm又は試験される試料に適切なように設定する;0.05Nの緩い予備荷重を設定する。
3.試料をつかみ具の平坦な表面に、試料の長手方向中心線がゲージ長さ方向に実質的に平行となるように設置する。
4.クロスヘッドスピードを25.4cm/分の定速に設定する。
5.クロスヘッドの移動を開始する、試験機は荷重及びひずみデータを同時に記録し始める。ヒステリシス試験は具体的には以下の工程を伴う:
a)試料を25.4cm/分の定速で25%ひずみまで伸長し、25%伸長時の力を記録する;
b)試料を2分間このひずみのまま保持し、この2分間の始めと終わりの力を記録する;
c)試料を25.4cm/分の定速で0%ひずみに戻す;
d)試料を1分間このひずみのまま保持する;及び
e)試料を5.08cm/分の定速で0.1N荷重まで伸長し、0.1N(すなわち、緩みを取り除くには十分であるが、最大でも試料の実質的な(insubstantial)伸縮を付与しないだけの十分小さな力)におけるひずみを記録する。
1.工程5(a)で収集されるデータから、25%ひずみにおける荷重が材料の弾性抵抗として報告される。
2.工程5(b)で収集されるデータから、2分の保持時間の初めと終わりにおける荷重により、次式を用いて力緩和が決定される。
これは試料の有効ひずみ(Available Strain)を決定することを企図している。有効ひずみ(Available Strain)は、力−伸長曲線において屈曲が存在する点であり、この点を超えると試料を更に伸長するのに必要な力の量が急速に増加する。代表的な力(F(N/cm))−伸長(E(%))曲線は図14に示されている。ここに示されているように、有効ひずみ(available strain)は力伸長曲線720から、曲線720aの段階1部分及び曲線720cの段階2部分の直線外挿の交点720bとして決定される。
1.試料を上述のヒステリシス試験に従って調製する。
2.ヒステリシス試験の工程1〜4を繰り返す。
3.クロスヘッドの移動を開始する。試験機が荷重 対 ひずみ(伸長%)データを同時に記録し始める。
4.次のどちらかとなるまで試料の伸長を続ける:
a)試料が破断する;又は
b)ロードセルの力の限界に達する。
5.力/伸長データをプロットし図14に示されているのと同様の曲線を作成する。
6.図示されているように段階1及び段階2の部分を外挿して有効ひずみ(available strain)を決定する。
7.試験される各材料に対し3つの反復試料からの平均の結果を報告する。
Claims (7)
- 長手方向に延びる長手方向中心線および横方向に延びる横方向中心線を有する着用可能な使い捨て吸収性物品であって、
前方腰部端部を含む前方腰部区域と、
後方腰部端部を含む後方腰部区域と、
前記前方腰部区域および前記後方腰部区域の間に設けられた股部区域と、
前記前方腰部区域および前記後方腰部区域の各横方向縁部に設けられたサイドパネルと、を備え、
前方サイドパネルおよび後方サイドパネルのうちの少なくとも一対は、
a)前記前方腰部端部または前記後方腰部端部と隣り合う腰部伸張領域と、
b)前記前方腰部端部または前記後方腰部端部から離間した大腿部伸張領域と、
c)前記腰部伸張領域および前記大腿部伸張領域の間の領域と、を有し、
前記前方腰部区域および前記後方腰部区域は、接合されて、腰部開口および脚部開口を形成し、
前記腰部伸張領域の伸張領域バンドの列は第1の有効ひずみを有し、
前記大腿部伸張領域の伸張領域バンドの列は第2の有効ひずみを有し、
前記第2の有効ひずみは、前記第1の有効ひずみよりも少なくとも25%大きい、吸収性物品。 - 長手方向に延びる長手方向中心線および横方向に延びる横方向中心線を有する着用可能な使い捨て吸収性物品であって、
前方腰部端部を含む前方腰部区域と、
後方腰部端部を含む後方腰部区域と、
前記前方腰部区域および前記後方腰部区域の間に設けられた股部区域と、
前記前方腰部区域および前記後方腰部区域の各横方向縁部に設けられたサイドパネルと、を備え、
前方サイドパネルおよび後方サイドパネルのうちの少なくとも一対は、
a)前記前方腰部端部または前記後方腰部端部と隣り合う腰部伸張領域と、
b)前記前方腰部端部または前記後方腰部端部から離間した大腿部伸張領域と、
c)前記腰部伸張領域および前記大腿部伸張領域の間の領域と、を有し、
前記前方腰部区域および前記後方腰部区域は、接合されて、腰部開口および脚部開口を形成し、
前記腰部伸張領域の伸張領域バンドの列は第1の弾性抵抗を有し、
前記大腿部伸張領域の伸張領域バンドの列は第2の弾性抵抗を有し、
前記第1の弾性抵抗は、25%のひずみにおいて0.05N/cm以上50N/cm以下であり、
25%のひずみにおける前記第1の弾性抵抗の25%のひずみにおける前記第2の弾性抵抗に対する比は、1.25よりも大きい、吸収性物品。 - 前記腰部伸張領域および前記大腿部伸張領域は、それぞれ、基材上に設けられた熱可塑性エラストマー組成物を含む線状または湾曲状のバンドの列を有する、請求項1または2に記載の吸収性物品。
- 少なくとも一つの伸張領域の少なくとも一部分は、視覚的に区別される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項または2に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記腰部伸張領域の伸張領域バンドの列は、線状であり、実質的に横方向に延び、
互いに長手方向に配向されている、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。 - 前記股部区域の前記横方向側縁部に沿ったレッグカフ弾性体を有した一対のレッグカフを、さらに備え、
前記大腿部伸張領域は、前記レッグカフ弾性体と位置合わせされて、前記レッグカフ弾性体の延伸をもたらし、これにより、前記大腿部伸張領域および前記レッグカフ弾性体の組み合わせで着用者の脚を取り囲む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。 - 前記伸張領域は、前記一対の後方サイドパネルに含まれており、
前記腰部伸張領域バンドの列は、前記横方向中心線から0°〜50°の角度に互いに配向され、
前記大腿部伸張領域バンドの列は、前記腰部伸張領域バンドの列の配向から反対方向となる前記横方向中心線から0°〜70°の角度に、互いに配向されている、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
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