JP5078842B2 - 耐火物用組成物、耐火成形体及び耐火焼成体 - Google Patents
耐火物用組成物、耐火成形体及び耐火焼成体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
表1に示す配合組成の耐火物用組成物を調製した。使用した窒化珪素、窒化硼素、炭化珪素、フッ化カルシウム、フッ化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウム、酸化マグネシウム酸化バリウム、硫酸バリウムの平均粒径は、それぞれ0.03mm、0.1mm、0.03mm、0.05mm、0.05mm、0.05mm、0.05mm、0.05mm、0.05mmである。また、アルミナセメントはAl2O3を75質量%含有し、粒径が0.03mmであった。なお、不定形耐火物用組成物の調製には、それぞれの原料が組成物中、均一に分散するよう、ボールミルを用いて十分に攪拌混合した。
上記耐火物用組成物100質量部に対して、水18質量部を配合して混練したものを平板用型枠に流し込み、これに振動を加えて十分に脱気した。これを常温で1日乾燥後脱型し、ついで110℃で24時間乾燥して耐火成形体を得た。
上記耐火成形体を、更に700℃、3時間焼成して板状の耐火焼成体(試験体)を得た。得られた試験体について、下記に示す耐金属溶湯性試験を行い、下記に示す試験体とアルミニウムとの化学反応による試験体の侵食性(表中、「化学反応による侵食」と表示)、試験体表面に対するアルミニウムの固着性(表中、「アルミニウムの固着」と表示)、試験体へのアルミニウムの浸透性(表中、「アルミニウムの浸透」と表示)を評価した。その結果を表1に示す。
電気炉内に板状の試験体が水平となるように設置し、700℃の温度条件下、アルミニウム溶湯を試験体上に至近距離から滴下して、12時間保持する。その後、電気炉内が室温に達してから試験体を取り出し、試験体とアルミニウムの反応性を観察する。この方法により、試験体と接触する直前のアルミニウム溶湯表面には酸化膜層がほとんど形成されないため、アルミニウム溶湯を実質的に直接試験体に接触させることができる。
試験体がアルミニウム溶湯との化学反応性に高い材料の場合、試験体の表面はアルミニウム溶湯に酸素を奪われて還元物質に変化する。この状況は試験体上のアルミニウム凝固体を除去した後の表面のえぐれ現象や侵食現象となって表れるため、目視で確認することができる。従って、表面のえぐれ現象や侵食現象が無いものを「○」、表面のえぐれ現象や侵食現象が認められるものを「×」とした。図1(A)は表面のえぐれ現象や侵食現象が認められる試験体表面の写真である。
イオン結合性の強い材料で形成される試験体の場合、アルミニウム溶湯と試験体の接触により、溶湯表面に酸化膜を形成する。この酸化膜とイオン結合性の強い材料は共に、分極が大きいため、酸化膜は試験体表面に固着し易い。固着の状況は試験体上のアルミニウム凝固体を除去する際、固着抵抗から確認できる。また、固着抵抗に抗してアルミニウム固化物を剥がした後の表面の状態からも判断できる。試験体とアルミニウム固化物の固着が無いものを「○」、試験体とアルミニウム凝固体の固着が認められるものを「×」とした。図1(B)は試験体とアルミニウム凝固体の固着が認められた試験体表面の写真であり、試験体の表面の一部が剥がれている。
共有結合性の強い材料で形成される試験体の場合、アルミニウム溶湯と試験体の接触面には酸化膜は形成されず、単純に溶湯が試験体中に浸透する。試験体中へのアルミニウム溶湯の浸透は、目視で観察できる。また、試験体中へのアルミニウム溶湯の浸透が大の場合、凝固したアルミニウムを除去する際、試験体を損傷するため、損傷状況からも浸透性を判断することができる。試験体へのアルミニウムの浸透性は、試験体とアルミニウムとの化学反応による試験体の侵食性が観察される場合、通常判断はできない。試験体へのアルミニウムの浸透が認められないものを「○」、浸透が認められるものを「×」とした。図1(C)は試験体中へのアルミニウム溶湯の浸透が認められた試験体表面の写真である。
イオン結合性の高い材料は使用せず、共有結合性の高い材料で形成された試験体の場合、図2(A)に示すように、試験後のアルミニウム表面は酸化膜が形成されず、金属光沢がある。この試験体を更に700℃×24時間、都合48時間保持した場合、図2(B)に示すように、試験後のアルミニウム表面は酸化膜の形成が顕著となる。一方、実施例1の試験体の場合、図2(C)に示すように、試験後のアルミニウム表面は表面の着色度から判断して適度の酸化膜が形成されていることが判る。この試験体を更に700℃×24時間、都合48時間保持した場合、図2(D)に示すように、その酸化膜ほとんど変化がない。これは、当初のアルミニウム表面に形成された酸化膜がバリヤーとなり、更なる酸化膜の形成を抑制しているからである。試験体とアルミニウム接触面に適度な酸化膜の形成が観察されるものを「○」、観察されないものを「×」とする。なお、試験体とアルミニウム接触面に適度な酸化膜が形成されると、実機における耐火物とアルミニウム溶湯との繰り返し接触において、酸化膜の積層物が形成されないことを確認している。なお、実施例1の試験体の酸化膜形成性は「○」であった。
表1及び表2に示す材料及び配合量とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で粉体状の耐火物用組成物、耐火成形体及び耐火焼成体を得、同様の評価試験を行った。なお、水の配合量は材料種により異なり、概ね16〜20質量部の間で適宜調整して使用した。その結果を表1及び表2に示す。なお、その他の材料は骨材又は充填材であり、それぞれ粒径0.2〜4mmのものであった。なお、実施例2〜10の試験体の酸化膜形成性は「○」であった。
表3に示す材料及び配合量とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で粉体状の耐火物用組成物、耐火成形体及び耐火焼成体を得、同様に評価試験を行った。なお、水の配合量は材料種により異なり、概ね16〜20質量部の間で適宜調整して使用した。その結果を表3に示す。なお、ワラストナイトの粒径は0.04mmであった。なお、比較例1〜9の試験体の酸化膜形成性は「×」であった。
Claims (6)
- 窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の100質量部に対して、フッ化カルシウム及びフッ化マグネシウムから選ばれる1種以上を、5〜40質量部の割合で含み、且つ窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の配合量が、組成物中20質量%以上であることを特徴とする耐火物用組成物。
- 窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の100質量部に対して、アルミナセメントを、更に5〜100質量部含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の耐火物用組成物。
- 窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の100質量部に対して、フッ化カルシウム及びフッ化マグネシウムから選ばれる1種以上を、5〜40質量部の割合で含み、且つ窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の配合量が、組成物中20質量%以上であることを特徴とする耐火成形体。
- 窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の100質量部に対して、アルミナセメントを、更に5〜100質量部含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の耐火成形体。
- 窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の100質量部に対して、フッ化カルシウム及びフッ化マグネシウムから選ばれる1種以上を、5〜40質量部の割合で含み、且つ窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の配合量が、組成物中20質量%以上であることを特徴とする耐火焼成体。
- 窒化珪素、窒化硼素及び炭化珪素から選ばれる1種以上の100質量部に対して、アルミナセメントを、更に5〜100質量部含むことを特徴とする請求項5記載の耐火焼成体。
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CN106904980A (zh) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-30 | 天津纳诺泰克科技有限公司 | 一种高炉出铁沟用抗渣侵蚀的镁铝尖晶石浇注料 |
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