JP4915277B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4915277B2 JP4915277B2 JP2007128513A JP2007128513A JP4915277B2 JP 4915277 B2 JP4915277 B2 JP 4915277B2 JP 2007128513 A JP2007128513 A JP 2007128513A JP 2007128513 A JP2007128513 A JP 2007128513A JP 4915277 B2 JP4915277 B2 JP 4915277B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/007—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0238—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles for regenerating during engine standstill
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
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- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
- F01N3/0878—Bypassing absorbents or adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
- F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2290/00—Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes
- F01N2290/02—Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes with continuous rotary movement
- F01N2290/06—Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes with continuous rotary movement driven by auxiliary drive
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0864—Oxygen
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
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- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
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- F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
- F02D41/065—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at hot start or restart
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
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- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
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- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
前記主排気通路に設けられ、排気ガス中に含まれる所定の成分を浄化する排気浄化触媒と、
前記バイパス通路に設けられ、排気ガス中に含まれるHC成分を吸着するHC吸着材と、
前記バイパス通路に設けられ、排気ガス中に含まれるNOx成分を吸着するNOx吸着材と、
前記排気通路内に、前記排気浄化触媒と前記HC吸着材と前記NOx吸着材とを含む閉経路を形成する流路切替手段と、
前記HC吸着材および前記NOx吸着材に吸着されているHCおよびNOxを脱離する場合に、前記内燃機関の停止中に前記閉経路が形成されるように前記流路切替手段を制御する制御手段と、
を備え、
前記排気浄化触媒は、前記下流側接続部よりも下流側の前記主排気通路に配置されており、
前記内燃機関の排気浄化装置は、前記主排気通路における前記排気浄化触媒よりも下流側の部位と、前記バイパス通路における前記HC吸着材および前記NOx吸着材よりも前記上流側接続部に近い側の部位とを連通する第2バイパス通路を更に備え、
前記流路切替手段は、前記第2バイパス通路における前記主排気通路との接続点に少なくとも配置されていることを特徴とする。
前記空燃比調整手段は、内燃機関の停止中に前記空燃比検出手段によって検出される空燃比に基づいて、内燃機関の再始動時の空燃比を調整することを特徴とする。
前記空燃比検出手段は、前記前段触媒よりも下流側の前記主排気通路に配置され、当該前段触媒に導入される排気ガスの空燃比の制御に用いられるものであって、
前記下流側接続部は、前記空燃比検出手段よりも上流側の前記主排気通路に配置されていることを特徴とする。
[HVシステムの構成]
図1は、本発明が適用されたプラグイン型ハイブリッド車両の駆動システムの概略構成を示す図である。この駆動システム10は、車両の動力源として内燃機関12と車両駆動用モータ(以下、単に「モータ」)14とを備えている。また、駆動システム10は、駆動力の供給を受けて電力を発生する発電機16も備えている。内燃機関12、モータ14、および発電機16は、動力分割機構18を介して相互に連結されている。動力分割機構18につながるモータ14の回転軸には、減速機20が接続されている。減速機20は、モータ14の回転軸と駆動輪22につながる駆動軸24とを連結している。動力分割機構18は、内燃機関12の駆動力を発電機16側と減速機20側とに分割する装置である。動力分割機構18による駆動力の配分は、任意に変更することができる。
図2は、図1に示す内燃機関システムに搭載される排気浄化装置の構成を説明するための図である。図2に示す内燃機関12は、筒内に空気を取り込むための吸気通路(図示せず)と、筒内から排出された排気ガスが流れる排気通路とを備えている。
図3は、本発明の実施の形態1の排気浄化装置の動作を説明するための図である。
(吸着動作)
先ず、図3(A)を参照して、内燃機関12の冷間始動時に筒内から排出される排気ガスの所定の成分(HC成分やNOx成分)を吸着材52に吸着させるために行われる動作について説明する。
また、本実施形態のシステムでは、内燃機関12の運転中において、吸着材52からHC等を脱離させるための排気パージ動作を行う際にも、図3(A)に示す流路形態が選択される。より具体的には、内燃機関12の運転中にパージを行う所定のタイミングが到来した場合に、図3(A)に示す状態に流路形態を切り替えることにより、始動後に比較的暖まってきた排気ガスが吸着材52に供給されるようになる。その結果、HC等を吸着材52から脱離させることができ、また、脱離したHC等を活性状態にある床下触媒56によって浄化することができる。
次に、図3(B)を参照して、内燃機関12の停止中において、吸着材52からHC等を強制的に脱離させるための強制パージ動作について説明する。より具体的には、このような強制パージ動作は、内燃機関12の冷間始動時に吸着材52へのHC等の吸着動作の全部または一部が行われたことにより吸着材52にHC等が吸着されている状態で、或いは、吸着動作が行われた後に排気パージ動作が完了していないことにより吸着材52にHC等が吸着されている状態で、内燃機関12が停止された場合に実行されるパージ動作である。
次に、図3(C)を参照して、内燃機関12の再始動時(床下触媒56が活性状態にない冷間始動時を除く)に使用される流路形態について説明する。
内燃機関12の再始動時(通常運転時)には、図3(C)に示すように、第1バイパス通路46が閉塞されるように第1排気切替え弁50が制御され、かつ、第2バイパス通路62が閉塞されるように第2排気切替え弁68が制御される。このような流路形態とされることによって、内燃機関12から排出された排気ガスは、吸着材52を通過せずに主排気通路42をそのまま通ってEHC58(床下触媒56)を通過した後に大気中に放出されることになる。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態1において、内燃機関12の冷間始動時の排気エミッションを低減するためにECU40が実行するルーチンのフローチャートである。尚、本ルーチンは、プラグインハイブリッド車両を起動させるためのスイッチがオン(IGオン)とされた際に起動されるルーチンであるものとする。
すなわち、吸着動作が開始された場合には、先ず、EHC58を早期に活性状態とすべく、EHC58への供給電力が最大となるようにしてEHC58への通電が実行される(ステップ110)。次いで、EHC58の床温が所定の温度B以上となったか否かが判別される(ステップ112)。その結果、EHC58の床温が温度B以上にまで暖機されたと判定された場合には、EHC58への供給電力が下げられ、EHC58の床温が所定の活性温度を維持するようにEHC58への通電が制御される(ステップ114)。
以後、車両システム(HVシステム)が停止されるまでの間、ステップ104以降の処理が繰り返し実行されることになる。
また、主排気通路側接続部64aが前記第1の発明における「接続点」に相当している。
また、EHC58が有するヒータが前記第2の発明における「加熱手段」に相当している。
また、ECU40が上記ステップ134および136の処理を実行することにより前記第3の発明における「空燃比調整手段」が実現されているとともに、A/Fセンサ74が前記第3の発明における「空燃比検出手段」に相当している。
12 内燃機関
14 モータ
16 発電機
18 動力分割機構
30 高圧バッテリ
40 ECU(Electronic Control Unit)
42 主排気通路
44 前段触媒(SC)
46 第1バイパス通路
48a 上流側接続部
48b 下流側接続部
50 第1排気切替え弁
52 吸着材(HC吸着材およびNOx吸着材)
54 吸着材温度センサ
56 床下触媒(UF)
58 電気ヒータ付き触媒(EHC)
60 触媒温度センサ
62 第2バイパス通路
64a 主排気通路側接続部
64b バイパス通路側接続部
66 ポンプ
68 第2排気切替え弁
74 A/Fセンサ
Claims (4)
- 内燃機関から排出された排気ガスが流れる主排気通路と、当該主排気通路との上流側接続部において前記主排気通路から分岐し、前記上流側接続部より下流側の下流側接続部において再び前記主排気通路に合流するバイパス通路とを含む排気通路と、
前記主排気通路に設けられ、排気ガス中に含まれる所定の成分を浄化する排気浄化触媒と、
前記バイパス通路に設けられ、排気ガス中に含まれるHC成分を吸着するHC吸着材と、
前記バイパス通路に設けられ、排気ガス中に含まれるNOx成分を吸着するNOx吸着材と、
前記排気通路内に、前記排気浄化触媒と前記HC吸着材と前記NOx吸着材とを含む閉経路を形成する流路切替手段と、
前記HC吸着材および前記NOx吸着材に吸着されているHCおよびNOxを脱離する場合に、前記内燃機関の停止中に前記閉経路が形成されるように前記流路切替手段を制御する制御手段と、
を備え、
前記排気浄化触媒は、前記下流側接続部よりも下流側の前記主排気通路に配置されており、
前記内燃機関の排気浄化装置は、前記主排気通路における前記排気浄化触媒よりも下流側の部位と、前記バイパス通路における前記HC吸着材および前記NOx吸着材よりも前記上流側接続部に近い側の部位とを連通する第2バイパス通路を更に備え、
前記流路切替手段は、前記第2バイパス通路における前記主排気通路との接続点に少なくとも配置されていることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記内燃機関の排気浄化装置は、前記閉経路内に設けられたポンプと、前記排気浄化触媒、前記閉経路内のガス、前記HC吸着材、および前記NOx吸着材の少なくとも1つを加熱する加熱手段とを更に備え、内燃機関の停止中において、前記閉経路を形成するとともに前記加熱手段を作動させることを特徴とする請求項1記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記内燃機関の排気浄化装置は、内燃機関の空燃比を調整する空燃比調整手段と、前記閉経路内の空燃比を検出する空燃比検出手段とを更に備え、
前記空燃比調整手段は、内燃機関の停止中に前記空燃比検出手段によって検出される空燃比に基づいて、内燃機関の再始動時の空燃比を調整することを特徴とする請求項2記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記内燃機関の排気浄化装置は、前記バイパス通路よりも上流側の前記主排気通路に、前記所定の成分を浄化する前段触媒を更に備え、
前記空燃比検出手段は、前記前段触媒よりも下流側の前記主排気通路に配置され、当該前段触媒に導入される排気ガスの空燃比の制御に用いられるものであって、
前記下流側接続部は、前記空燃比検出手段よりも上流側の前記主排気通路に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項3記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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CN2008800023326A CN101578433B (zh) | 2007-05-14 | 2008-04-28 | 用于内燃机的排气净化设备 |
DE112008001159T DE112008001159B8 (de) | 2007-05-14 | 2008-04-28 | Abgas-Reinigungsvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
US12/599,537 US8261534B2 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2008-04-28 | Exhaust gas purifying apparatus for internal combustion engine |
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