JP4272794B2 - Underwater escape training device - Google Patents

Underwater escape training device Download PDF

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JP4272794B2
JP4272794B2 JP2000078441A JP2000078441A JP4272794B2 JP 4272794 B2 JP4272794 B2 JP 4272794B2 JP 2000078441 A JP2000078441 A JP 2000078441A JP 2000078441 A JP2000078441 A JP 2000078441A JP 4272794 B2 JP4272794 B2 JP 4272794B2
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JP2001265208A (en
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谷 光 政 平
澤 正 彦 黒
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Nippi Corp
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Nippi Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、航空機又は自動車等の乗物が事故等により不時着水した状況を想定して搭乗者が乗物室外へ脱出する訓練を行う水中脱出訓練装置に関し、特に、簡単な構造で小型軽量であり、付帯設備を要さず容易に脱出訓練が行える水中脱出訓練装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来のこの種の水中脱出訓練装置としては、特開平8−305269号公報に記載されたもの等が提案されている。上記水中脱出訓練装置は、貯水部と、基端側が軸支され上記貯水部に対応して設けられたアームと、訓練対象乗物の少なくとも一部を模して構成され上記アームの先端側において左右仮想軸及び前後仮想軸の周りに回動可能に支持されたカプセルと、上記アームを回動させる第1の駆動手段と、上記カプセルをその左右仮想軸の周りに回動させる第2の駆動手段と、上記カプセルをその前後仮想軸の周りに回動させる第3の駆動手段とを具備して構成されていた。
【0003】
そして、上記カプセル内に訓練員が搭乗し、第1の駆動手段でアームを回動させ上記カプセルを下降して貯水部に着水させ、第2の駆動手段で上記カプセルをその左右仮想軸の周りに回動させたり、第3の駆動手段で上記カプセルをその前後仮想軸の周りに回動させたりして、該カプセルが上記貯水部に水没した状態になったところで、内部の訓練員が非常脱出扉を開けて外部に脱出する訓練を行っていた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、このような従来の水中脱出訓練装置においては、長大なアームを必要とし、各駆動手段として油圧シリンダや油圧モータを使用するので、装置が複雑且つ大掛かりであり、重量も大きいものであった。また、上記カプセルと共にアーム及びその周辺部分が貯水部に水没するので、該貯水部の水が上記駆動手段の油脂類で汚染されることがあった。さらに、各種の付帯設備を要すると共に、設置場所が固定されるものであった。さらにまた、装置が複雑且つ大掛かりであることから、整備性が良いとは言えず、またコスト高でもあった。
【0005】
なお、上記以外の従来例として、特開平8−305268号公報に記載されているように、門形のベースフレームで模擬カプセルを下方に懸吊支持し、上記模擬カプセルを上下動し、前後に傾斜動させ、前後軸周りに回動させて貯水部に出入りするようにした水中脱出訓練装置がある。しかし、この従来例においても、上記と同様の問題点を有しているものであった。
【0006】
そこで、本発明は、このような問題点に対処し、簡単な構造で小型軽量であり、付帯設備を要さず容易に脱出訓練を行うことができ、移動も可能な水中脱出訓練装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、第一の手段による水中脱出訓練装置は、訓練対象乗物の一部を模して形成され、内部の床板上に訓練員が着座する座席を有し、少なくとも一方の側壁部には脱出用の開口部を有する模擬胴体と、この模擬胴体の床板の下面側に取り付けられる浮力材とを備え、上記模擬胴体の自重と上記浮力材に働く浮力との位置関係により該模擬胴体が訓練水面にて水没する構成としたものである。
【0008】
このような構成により、模擬胴体の内部に訓練員が搭乗した状態で該模擬胴体を訓練水面に移動して置くと、上記模擬胴体の自重による重心位置とその模擬胴体低部の浮力材に働く浮力による浮力中心との不安定な位置関係から、上記模擬胴体は訓練水面で自然に横転し始め、さらに上下反転状態まで回転しながら水没する。そして、この状態で訓練員は側壁部の脱出用の開口部から脱出する訓練を行う。
【0009】
また、第二の手段による水中脱出訓練装置は、訓練対象乗物の一部を模して形成され、内部の床板上に訓練員が着座する座席を有し、少なくとも一方の側壁部には脱出用の開口部を有する模擬胴体と、上記模擬胴体の床板の下面側に取り付けられる浮力材と、上記模擬胴体の前後方向の上部縁部に設けられ該模擬胴体を吊り下げるためのスリング金具と、上記スリング金具に連結され上記模擬胴体を吊り下げる吊り下げ手段とを備え、上記模擬胴体の自重と上記浮力材に働く浮力との位置関係により該模擬胴体が訓練水面にて水没する構成としたものである。
【0010】
このような構成により、模擬胴体の内部に訓練員が搭乗した状態で、上記模擬胴体の上部縁部に設けられたスリング金具に吊り下げ手段を連結して模擬胴体を吊り下げ、該模擬胴体を訓練水面に移動して置くと、上記模擬胴体の自重による重心位置とその模擬胴体低部の浮力材に働く浮力による浮力中心との不安定な位置関係から、上記模擬胴体は訓練水面で自然に横転し始め、さらに上下反転状態まで回転しながら水没する。そして、この状態で訓練員は側壁部の脱出用の開口部から脱出する訓練を行う。
【0011】
また、前記浮力材は、模擬胴体の床板の下面側に着脱可能に取り付けられるものとしてもよい。これにより、訓練水面に移動して置かれた模擬胴体は、浮力材を取り付けたときは訓練水面で自然に横転及び回転し、浮力材を取り外したときは訓練水面で横転せずにそのまま水没する。
【0012】
さらに、前記模擬胴体の床板は、通水可能に多数の孔が形成されたものとしてもよい。これにより、訓練水面に移動して置かれた模擬胴体がスムーズに水没可能となる。
【0013】
さらにまた、前記模擬胴体の一部に、錘を付設してもよい。これにより、模擬胴体の自重による重心位置とその模擬胴体低部の浮力材に働く浮力による浮力中心とを積極的に不安定とし、この不安定な位置関係から上記模擬胴体の回転方向を所定方向に規制する。
【0014】
また、前記吊り下げ手段は、模擬胴体の前後方向の長さと略等しい長さのスリングバーを備えたものとしてもよい。これにより、吊り下げ手段で上記模擬胴体を吊り下げるときに、スリング材を模擬胴体の前後長と略等しい間隔で平行に張ることができ、訓練水面に移動して置かれた模擬胴体がスムーズに横転及び回転可能となる。
【0015】
さらに、上記スリングバーには、その長手方向に模擬胴体の吊り下げ位置を可変とする手段が形成されていてもよい。これにより、吊り下げ手段で上記模擬胴体を吊り下げるときの吊り下げ位置が可変となる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図1は本発明による水中脱出訓練装置の実施の形態を示す正面図であり、図2はその側面図であり、図3はその斜視図である。この水中脱出訓練装置は、航空機又は自動車等の乗物が事故等により不時着水した状況を想定して搭乗者が乗物室外へ脱出する訓練を行うもので、模擬胴体1と、浮力材2と、スリング金具3と、吊り下げ手段4とを備えている。
【0017】
図1〜図3において、模擬胴体1は、訓練員が搭乗して水中での脱出訓練を行う本体となるもので、訓練対象乗物、例えばヘリコプターの胴体又は自動車の車体等の一部を模して形成されている。この模擬胴体1は、図4に示すように、例えばアルミニウム製の中空パイプから成るフレーム5,5,…を組み合わせて胴体の骨組を構成し、その外側に、図2及び図3に示すように、例えばアルミニウム製の外板6が張られている。なお、フレーム5及び外板6の材質は、重量を軽くするためにアルミニウムとするのが望ましいが、これに限られず、他の金属又は合成樹脂等としてもよい。また、上記フレーム5を中空パイプとするのは、このフレーム5自体からも浮力を発生させるためであるが、特に浮力を考慮しない場合は中空パイプとしなくてもよい。
【0018】
上記模擬胴体1の前部7及び後部は、上記外板6が張られずに開口されており、また、両方の側壁部には脱出用の開口部8が形成されている。なお、この開口部8は、少なくとも一方の側壁部に形成されていればよい。
【0019】
上記模擬胴体1の内部には、図1及び図3に示すように、床板9が張られており、この床板9の上には訓練員が着座する座席10が例えば2席設けられている。なお、この座席10には、訓練員を固定するショルダー・ハーネス(図示省略)が取り付けられており、全体が移動可能及び着脱可能とされている。上記床板9は、例えばステンレス製であり、通水可能に多数の孔が形成されて金網状とされている。これは、模擬胴体1が訓練水面にてスムーズに水没するようにするためであるが、多数の孔を形成せずに平板状としてもよい。
【0020】
そして、上記模擬胴体1の内部にて座席10の前側には、模擬センターペデスタル11と、模擬計器板12が着脱可能に設けられている。この状態で、模擬胴体1は、特に操縦席又は搭乗員室の部分を模して形成されている。
【0021】
上記模擬胴体1の床板9の下面側には、図1及び図3に示すように、浮力材2が取り付けられている。この浮力材2は、上記模擬胴体1の全体に浮力を作用させるもので、例えば発泡スチロール等の比重の小さいものから成り、床板9の下面側にてフレーム5及び多数の孔が形成された隔板で例えば三つに仕切られたスペースに着脱可能に取り付けられている。具体的には、模擬胴体1の前部及び後部の下部開口部から、3個ずつの浮力材2を挿入して、その前部及び後部から固定用ネットで固定している。そして、上記模擬胴体1の自重と上記浮力材2に働く浮力との不安定な位置関係により、該模擬胴体1が訓練水面で自然に横転し始め、さらに上下反転状態まで回転しながら水没する構成とされている。
【0022】
また、上記模擬胴体1の前後方向の上部縁部には、図2に示すように、スリング金具3が設けられている。このスリング金具3は、上記模擬胴体1を図示外の昇降装置で吊り下げるための部材となるもので、例えばユニバーサル・ジョイント形式に構成されたスリングボルトから成る。
【0023】
さらに、上記スリング金具3には、吊り下げ手段4(図1参照)が連結されている。この吊り下げ手段4は、上記スリング金具3に連結されて上記模擬胴体1を図示外の昇降装置で吊り下げる手段となるもので、図2に示すように、例えば2本のスリング材13,13と、上記模擬胴体1の前後方向の長さと略等しい長さのスリングバー14とから成る。なお、上記2本のスリング材13,13に代えて、各種ロープ又はその相当品としてもよい。或いは、安全のためにスリング材13と各種ロープ又はその相当品との両者を併用してもよい。また、上記スリングバー14は、重量を軽くするために中空パイプとされている。
【0024】
そして、上記2本のスリング材13,13の下端を上記スリング金具3に連結し、該スリング材13,13の上端を上記スリングバー14の両端部に連結して、上記スリング材13,13は模擬胴体1の前後長と略等しい間隔で平行に張られる。
【0025】
なお、上記スリングバー14には、昇降装置のフックを掛ける位置を可変とする複数個の孔15,15,…が所定間隔で開けられている。この孔15,15,…は、スリングバー14の長手方向に模擬胴体1の吊り下げ位置を可変とする手段となるもので、上記模擬胴体1の重量や訓練員の搭乗位置のバランス等の具合から、該模擬胴体1を略水平に吊り下げるように調整するためである。
【0026】
上記模擬胴体1の一部には、図1に示すように、錘16が付設されている。この錘16は、上記模擬胴体1の自重と上記浮力材2に働く浮力との位置関係により該模擬胴体1が訓練水面で横転し、上下反転状態まで回転しながら水没する際に、模擬胴体1の重心位置と浮力材2に働く浮力による浮力中心との位置関係を積極的に不安定とし、上記模擬胴体1の横転又は回転方向を所定方向に規制するもので、例えば天井部の前後方向のフレーム5の間にステンレス製等の棒状の重量物を付けたものである。
【0027】
上記錘16の取り付け位置は、模擬胴体1の上下軸から左側又は右側に偏って設けてもよいし、或いは上下軸の位置に設けてもよい。上下軸から左側又は右側に偏って設けた場合は、回転方向を左回転又は右回転に規制することができるが、上下軸の位置に設けた場合は、左回転又は右回転のどちらかになる。図1に示すように、模擬胴体1の前方から見て上下軸の左側に設けた場合は、図1において反時計回りの方向に回転する。なお、上記錘16は着脱可能としてあり、該錘16を付けなくても、上記模擬胴体1の自重と上記浮力材2に働く浮力との位置関係により該模擬胴体1が訓練水面で横転し、上下反転状態まで回転しながら水没するようになっている。
【0028】
次に、このように構成された水中脱出訓練装置の使用について、図5を参照して説明する。まず、図3の状態で、模擬胴体1を安定な台又は台車等の上面に固定しておく。そして、上記模擬胴体1のスリング金具3にスリング材13及びスリングバー14を連結し、該スリングバー14の中心部の孔15に結合されたリング17に昇降装置のフックを掛けて、該昇降装置をゆっくり上げて上記スリング材13を展張させて停止する。
【0029】
次に、この状態で、訓練員は開口部8から模擬胴体1内に乗り込み、座席10に着座してショルダー・ハーネスを締める。その後、上記昇降装置を上昇させて訓練員が搭乗した模擬胴体1を吊り上げ、これを水平に移動して訓練水面としての例えばプール18(図5参照)の上方に位置させる。そして、上記昇降装置をゆっくりとした一定速度で下降して、図5(a)に示すように、模擬胴体1をプール18の水面に吊り下げて着水させる。
【0030】
その後も、昇降装置はそのままの速度で下降させ、模擬胴体1を矢印Aのように下げて行く。すると、上記模擬胴体1は沈み始めるが、図1に示すように、模擬胴体1の天井部の左側部に錘16が付設されていることと、模擬胴体1の床板9の下面側に浮力材2が取り付けられていることから、上記模擬胴体1の重心位置と浮力材2に働く浮力による浮力中心との不安定な位置関係から、上記模擬胴体1は、図5(a)において矢印B方向に自然に横転し始める。このとき、上記模擬胴体1の矢印A方向の一定の降下速度は、模擬胴体1が矢印B方向に回転するブレーキの役目となる。
【0031】
さらに、そのままスリング材13を矢印Aのように下げて行くと、図5(b)に示すように、模擬胴体1は矢印B方向に90度横転した状態となる。このとき、上記模擬胴体1は、例えばプール18の水面に半分水没した状態となる。さらにその後、そのままスリング材13を矢印Aのように下げて行くと、図5(c)に示すように、模擬胴体1は矢印B方向に180度回転した状態となる。このとき、上記模擬胴体1は、上下反転状態まで回転し、例えばプール18の水面に殆ど全体が水没した状態で停止する。
【0032】
この状態では、訓練員は、呼吸停止の状態にあり、ショルダー・ハーネスを外して座席10から逆さまに離脱し、模擬胴体1の側壁部の脱出用の開口部8から脱出する。このとき、スリング材13は、スリングバー14により模擬胴体1の前後長と略等しい間隔で平行に張られるので、訓練員の脱出動作の邪魔にはならない。なお、この場合、浮力材2は模擬胴体1の自重に対して十分な浮力を有しているので、上記模擬胴体1は、プール18の水面直下に止まり、該プール18の底にぶつかることはない。
【0033】
訓練員が全員無事に脱出したのを確認したら、前記昇降装置を上昇させて、図5(c)に示すスリング材13を矢印Aと反対方向に引き上げる。すると、模擬胴体1は、矢印B方向と反対方向に回転しながら少しずつ浮き上がり、図5(b)に示すように90度横転した状態を経由して、図5(a)に示す正しい上下位置に戻り、プール18の水面から上方に吊り上げられる。
【0034】
その後、さらに昇降装置を上昇させて模擬胴体1を所定の高さまで吊り上げ、これを水平に移動してプール18のサイドの安定な台又は台車等の上面に載置して固定する。これにより、一連の水中脱出訓練が終了する。
【0035】
次に、上記水中脱出訓練装置の他の使用状態について、図6を参照して説明する。図6の使用状態は、図1に示す模擬胴体1の床板9の下面側の浮力材2を取り外して使用するものである。この場合、図6(a)に示すように模擬胴体1をプール18の水面に吊り下げて着水させるところまでは、前記図5(a)に示す状態と全く同様に進んで行く。
【0036】
そして、図6(a)で昇降装置をそのままの速度で下降させ、模擬胴体1を矢印Aのように下げて行くと、模擬胴体1には前述の浮力材2による浮力が働かないので、そのまま自重により下方に沈んで行く。その後、そのまま模擬胴体1を矢印Aのように下げて行くと、図6(b)に示すように、模擬胴体1は正しい上下位置のままプール18の水面に全体が水没した状態で停止する。この状態では、訓練員は、呼吸停止の状態にあり、ショルダー・ハーネスを外して座席10から離脱し、模擬胴体1の側壁部の脱出用の開口部8から脱出する。
【0037】
訓練員が全員無事に脱出したのを確認したら、前記昇降装置を上昇させて、図6(b)に示す模擬胴体1を矢印Aと反対方向に引き上げる。すると、模擬胴体1は、そのままプール18の水面から上方に吊り上げられる。その後、さらに昇降装置を上昇させて模擬胴体1を所定の高さまで吊り上げ、これを水平に移動してプール18のサイドの安定な台又は台車等の上面に載置して固定する。これにより、一連の水中脱出訓練が終了する。
【0038】
なお、図2において、座席10の位置を前方に移動したり、後方に移動したりした場合は、スリングバー14の複数個の孔15を利用してリング17の位置を前後に変え、その変更後のリング17の位置に前記昇降装置のフックを掛けることにより、模擬胴体1を安定して吊り上げることができる。また、以上の説明では、吊り下げ手段4として、2本のスリング材13とスリングバー14とを備えたものとしたが、本発明はこれに限らず、1本又は2本のスリング材13で逆V字型を作り、この逆V字型のスリング材を直接昇降装置のフックに掛けてもよい。
【0039】
また、以上の説明では、模擬胴体1の前後方向の上部縁部にスリング金具3を設け、上記スリング金具3に連結され上記模擬胴体1を吊り下げる吊り下げ手段4を備えたものとしたが、本発明はこれに限らず、上記スリング金具3及び吊り下げ手段4を設けなくてもよい。この場合は、上記模擬胴体1を何らかの手段で持ち上げてプール等の訓練水面に着水させ、模擬胴体1の自重による重心位置と浮力材2に働く浮力による浮力中心との不安定な位置関係により水没させ、訓練員が脱出後に何らかの手段で上記模擬胴体1を回収すればよい。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上のように構成されたので、請求項1に係る発明によれば、模擬胴体の内部に訓練員が搭乗した状態で該模擬胴体を訓練水面に移動して置くと、上記模擬胴体の自重による重心位置とその模擬胴体低部の浮力材に働く浮力による浮力中心との不安定な位置関係から、上記模擬胴体は訓練水面で自然に横転し始め、さらに上下反転状態まで回転しながら水没する。そして、この状態で訓練員は側壁部の脱出用の開口部から脱出する訓練を行うことができる。したがって、簡単な構造で小型軽量であり、付帯設備を要さず容易に脱出訓練を行うことができ、移動も可能な水中脱出訓練装置を提供することができる。また、従来のように、訓練水面の水が駆動手段の油脂類で汚染されることはない。さらに、装置の整備性が良く、コスト低下も図ることができる。
【0041】
また、請求項2に係る発明によれば、模擬胴体の内部に訓練員が搭乗した状態で、上記模擬胴体の上部縁部に設けられたスリング金具に吊り下げ手段を連結して模擬胴体を吊り下げ、該模擬胴体を訓練水面に移動して置くと、上記模擬胴体の自重による重心位置とその模擬胴体低部の浮力材に働く浮力による浮力中心との不安定な位置関係から、上記模擬胴体は訓練水面で自然に横転し始め、さらに上下反転状態まで回転しながら水没する。そして、この状態で訓練員は側壁部の脱出用の開口部から脱出する訓練を行うことができる。
【0042】
さらに、請求項3に係る発明によれば、前記浮力材を模擬胴体の床板の下面側に着脱可能に取り付けるものとしたことにより、訓練水面に移動して置かれた模擬胴体は、浮力材を取り付けたときは訓練水面で自然に横転及び回転し、浮力材を取り外したときは訓練水面で横転せずにそのまま水没するようにすることができる。したがって、一つの水中脱出訓練装置で2種類のモードの脱出訓練を行うことができる。
【0043】
さらにまた、請求項4に係る発明によれば、前記模擬胴体の床板を通水可能に多数の孔が形成されたものとしたことにより、訓練水面に移動して置かれた模擬胴体がスムーズに水没可能とすることができる。したがって、訓練時間を短縮化することができる。
【0044】
また、請求項5に係る発明によれば、前記模擬胴体の一部に錘を付設したことにより、模擬胴体の自重による重心位置とその模擬胴体低部の浮力材に働く浮力による浮力中心とを積極的に不安定とし、この不安定な位置関係から上記模擬胴体の回転方向を所定方向に規制することができる。したがって、例えばヘリコプターにおいて、常に副操縦士の座席側に回転させることができる。
【0045】
さらに、請求項6に係る発明によれば、前記吊り下げ手段を、模擬胴体の前後方向の長さと略等しい長さのスリングバーを備えたものとしたことにより、吊り下げ手段で上記模擬胴体を吊り下げるときに、スリング材を模擬胴体の前後長と略等しい間隔で平行に張ることができ、訓練水面に移動して置かれた模擬胴体がスムーズに横転及び回転可能とすることができる。また、訓練員の脱出動作の邪魔にならないようにできる。
【0046】
さらにまた、請求項7に係る発明によれば、上記スリングバーに、その長手方向に模擬胴体の吊り下げ位置を可変とする手段が形成されていることにより、吊り下げ手段で上記模擬胴体を吊り下げるときの吊り下げ位置を可変とすることができる。したがって、座席の位置を前方に移動したり、後方に移動したりした場合に、吊り下げ位置を前後に変えることにより、模擬胴体を安定して吊り上げることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明による水中脱出訓練装置の実施の形態を示す正面図である。
【図2】 図1の側面図である。
【図3】 図1の斜視図である。
【図4】 模擬胴体を構成する骨組を示す斜視図である。
【図5】 本発明の水中脱出訓練装置の使用状態を示す説明図である。
【図6】 本発明の水中脱出訓練装置の他の使用状態を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1…模擬胴体
2…浮力材
3…スリング金具
4…吊り下げ手段
5…フレーム
6…外板
8…開口部
9…床板
10…座席
13…スリング材
14…スリングバー
15…吊り下げ位置可変用の孔
16…錘
18…プール(訓練水面)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an underwater escape training apparatus that performs training for passengers to escape outside the vehicle compartment assuming a situation where a vehicle such as an aircraft or an automobile has accidentally landed due to an accident or the like, and is particularly small and lightweight with a simple structure, The present invention relates to an underwater escape training apparatus that can easily perform escape training without the need for incidental facilities.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As this type of conventional underwater escape training apparatus, a device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-305269 has been proposed. The underwater escape training apparatus is configured to imitate at least a part of a water storage section, an arm that is pivotally supported on the base end side and is provided corresponding to the water storage section, and a vehicle to be trained, A capsule supported rotatably around the virtual axis and the front and rear virtual axes, a first driving means for rotating the arm, and a second driving means for rotating the capsule around the left and right virtual axes And a third driving means for rotating the capsule around the virtual axis in the front-rear direction.
[0003]
Then, a trainee gets on the capsule, the arm is rotated by the first driving means, the capsule is lowered to land on the water storage section, and the capsule is moved to the left and right virtual axes by the second driving means. When the capsule is submerged in the water storage part by rotating the capsule around the virtual axis in front and rear by the third driving means, The emergency escape doors were opened to train to escape outside.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a conventional underwater escape training apparatus requires a long arm and uses a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor as each driving means, so the apparatus is complicated and large, and the weight is large. . Further, since the arm and its peripheral part are submerged in the water storage part together with the capsule, the water in the water storage part may be contaminated with the oils and fats of the driving means. In addition, various incidental facilities are required, and the installation location is fixed. Furthermore, since the apparatus is complicated and large-scale, it cannot be said that the maintainability is good and the cost is high.
[0005]
As a conventional example other than the above, as described in JP-A-8-305268, the simulated capsule is suspended and supported by a portal base frame, the simulated capsule is moved up and down, and back and forth. There is an underwater escape training device that is tilted and rotated around the longitudinal axis to enter and exit the water storage section. However, this conventional example also has the same problems as described above.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention addresses such problems and provides an underwater escape training apparatus that is simple in structure, small and light, can easily perform escape training without the need for incidental facilities, and can be moved. The purpose is to do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an underwater escape training apparatus according to the first means is formed by imitating a part of a vehicle to be trained, has a seat on which an instructor sits on an internal floor board, and has at least one of The side wall includes a simulated body having an opening for escape, and a buoyancy material attached to the lower surface side of the floor of the simulated body, and depending on the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated body and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material. The simulated torso is submerged on the surface of the training water.
[0008]
With such a configuration, when the trainee is placed inside the simulated body and the simulated body is moved and placed on the training water surface, it acts on the position of the center of gravity due to the weight of the simulated body and the buoyancy material at the lower part of the simulated body. Due to the unstable positional relationship with the buoyancy center due to buoyancy, the simulated torso naturally begins to roll over on the surface of the training water, and further submerged while rotating to the upside down state. In this state, the trainee performs training to escape from the opening for escape of the side wall.
[0009]
The underwater escape training apparatus according to the second means is formed by imitating a part of the vehicle to be trained, has a seat on which the trainer sits on an internal floor board, and is used for escape on at least one side wall. A simulated torso having an opening, a buoyancy material attached to the lower surface side of the floor of the simulated torso, a sling fitting provided at an upper edge of the simulated torso in the front-rear direction, and the above A suspension means coupled to a sling fitting, and suspending means for suspending the simulated torso, wherein the simulated torso is submerged on the training water surface by the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated torso and the buoyancy acting on the buoyant material. is there.
[0010]
With such a configuration, in a state where a trainee is in the simulated torso, a suspension means is connected to a sling fitting provided on the upper edge of the simulated torso to suspend the simulated torso, When placed on the training water surface, the simulated torso naturally moves on the training water surface due to the unstable position of the center of gravity due to its own weight and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material at the lower part of the simulated torso. It begins to roll over and then submerges while rotating upside down. In this state, the trainee performs training to escape from the opening for escape of the side wall.
[0011]
Further, the buoyancy material may be detachably attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate of the simulated body. As a result, the simulated body placed on the training water surface will naturally roll over and rotate on the training water surface when the buoyancy material is attached, and will submerge as it is without rollover on the training water surface when the buoyancy material is removed. .
[0012]
Furthermore, the floor plate of the simulated body may have a large number of holes formed so that water can pass through. Thereby, the simulation trunk | drum which moved and set | placed on the training water surface can be submerged smoothly.
[0013]
Furthermore, a weight may be attached to a part of the simulated body. As a result, the position of the center of gravity due to the dead weight of the simulated fuselage and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material in the lower part of the simulated fuselage are made unstable and the rotational direction of the simulated fuselage is changed to a predetermined direction from this unstable positional relationship. To regulate.
[0014]
The suspension means may include a sling bar having a length substantially equal to the length of the simulated body in the front-rear direction. As a result, when the simulated torso is suspended by the suspension means, the sling material can be stretched in parallel at substantially the same length as the longitudinal length of the simulated torso, and the simulated torso placed on the training water surface can be smoothly moved. Roll over and rotate.
[0015]
Furthermore, the sling bar may be provided with means for changing the suspended position of the simulated body in the longitudinal direction. As a result, the suspension position when the simulated trunk is suspended by the suspension means is variable.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an underwater escape training apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view thereof. This underwater escape training device trains passengers to escape out of the vehicle compartment, assuming that a vehicle such as an aircraft or automobile has landed accidentally due to an accident, etc. The simulated fuselage 1, the buoyancy material 2, and the sling A metal fitting 3 and hanging means 4 are provided.
[0017]
1 to 3, a simulated body 1 is a main body on which a trainee gets on and performs escape training underwater, and imitates a part of a vehicle to be trained, for example, a helicopter body or a car body. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 4, the simulated body 1 is composed of frames 5, 5,... Made of, for example, aluminum hollow pipes to form a body frame, and on the outside, as shown in FIGS. For example, an outer plate 6 made of aluminum is stretched. The material of the frame 5 and the outer plate 6 is preferably aluminum in order to reduce the weight, but is not limited thereto, and may be other metals or synthetic resins. The frame 5 is a hollow pipe in order to generate buoyancy from the frame 5 itself. However, if the buoyancy is not taken into consideration, the frame 5 need not be a hollow pipe.
[0018]
The front portion 7 and the rear portion of the simulated body 1 are opened without the outer plate 6 being stretched, and escape openings 8 are formed on both side wall portions. In addition, this opening part 8 should just be formed in at least one side wall part.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a floor board 9 is stretched inside the simulated body 1, and on the floor board 9, for example, two seats 10 on which trainers sit are provided. The seat 10 is provided with a shoulder harness (not shown) for fixing the trainee, and is movable and detachable as a whole. The floor plate 9 is made of, for example, stainless steel, and has a number of holes that allow water to pass therethrough and has a wire mesh shape. This is for the simulated body 1 to be submerged smoothly on the training water surface, but it may be flat without forming a large number of holes.
[0020]
A simulation center pedestal 11 and a simulation instrument panel 12 are detachably provided on the front side of the seat 10 inside the simulation body 1. In this state, the simulated fuselage 1 is formed to imitate a portion of the cockpit or the passenger compartment in particular.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a buoyancy material 2 is attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate 9 of the simulated body 1. The buoyancy material 2 acts on the whole of the simulated body 1 and is made of a material having a small specific gravity such as foamed polystyrene, and has a frame 5 and a plurality of holes formed on the lower surface side of the floor plate 9. For example, it is detachably attached to a space partitioned into three. Specifically, three buoyancy members 2 are inserted from the front and rear lower openings of the simulated body 1 and fixed with fixing nets from the front and rear. Then, due to the unstable positional relationship between the weight of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2, the simulated body 1 begins to roll over naturally on the training water surface, and further submerged while rotating upside down. It is said that.
[0022]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a sling fitting 3 is provided on the upper edge of the simulated body 1 in the front-rear direction. The sling fitting 3 is a member for suspending the simulated body 1 with a lifting device (not shown), and is composed of, for example, a sling bolt configured in a universal joint type.
[0023]
Furthermore, the sling fitting 3 is connected to a hanging means 4 (see FIG. 1). The suspending means 4 is connected to the sling fitting 3 and serves as means for suspending the simulated body 1 with a lifting device (not shown). For example, as shown in FIG. And a sling bar 14 having a length substantially equal to the length of the simulated body 1 in the front-rear direction. Instead of the two sling members 13, 13, various ropes or their equivalents may be used. Or you may use together both the sling material 13 and various ropes, or its equivalent for safety. The sling bar 14 is a hollow pipe to reduce the weight.
[0024]
Then, the lower ends of the two sling members 13, 13 are connected to the sling fitting 3, the upper ends of the sling members 13, 13 are connected to both ends of the sling bar 14, and the sling members 13, 13 The simulated body 1 is stretched in parallel at substantially equal intervals.
[0025]
In the sling bar 14, a plurality of holes 15, 15,... That can change the position where the hook of the lifting device is hooked are opened at predetermined intervals. The holes 15, 15,... Serve as means for changing the suspended position of the simulated body 1 in the longitudinal direction of the sling bar 14, and include the balance of the weight of the simulated body 1 and the boarding position of the trainee. Therefore, the simulation body 1 is adjusted so as to be suspended substantially horizontally.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 1, a weight 16 is attached to a part of the simulated body 1. Due to the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2, the weight 16 is turned over when the simulated body 1 rolls over on the training water surface and rotates while turning upside down. The position of the center of gravity of the buoyant material 2 and the center of buoyancy due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2 are positively unstable, and the rollover or rotation direction of the simulated body 1 is restricted to a predetermined direction. A rod-like heavy object such as stainless steel is attached between the frames 5.
[0027]
The attachment position of the weight 16 may be provided to be deviated from the vertical axis of the simulated body 1 to the left or right side, or may be provided at the vertical axis position. When it is provided to be deviated from the vertical axis to the left or right side, the rotation direction can be restricted to left rotation or right rotation, but when it is provided at the position of the vertical axis, it is either left rotation or right rotation. . As shown in FIG. 1, when provided on the left side of the vertical axis when viewed from the front of the simulated body 1, it rotates in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. The weight 16 is detachable. Even without the weight 16, the simulated body 1 rolls over on the training water surface due to the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2. It is submerged while rotating upside down.
[0028]
Next, use of the underwater escape training apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. First, in the state of FIG. 3, the simulated body 1 is fixed to the upper surface of a stable base or cart. Then, a sling member 13 and a sling bar 14 are connected to the sling fitting 3 of the simulated body 1, and a hook of a lifting device is hung on a ring 17 coupled to a hole 15 at the center of the sling bar 14. Is slowly raised to expand the sling material 13 and stop.
[0029]
Next, in this state, the trainee gets into the simulated body 1 from the opening 8 and sits on the seat 10 to tighten the shoulder harness. Then, the said raising / lowering apparatus is raised, the simulation body 1 with which the trainer boarded is lifted, this is moved horizontally, and it is located above the pool 18 (refer FIG. 5) as a training water surface. And the said raising / lowering apparatus descend | falls at the slow constant speed, and as shown to Fig.5 (a), the simulation trunk | drum 1 is suspended on the water surface of the pool 18, and is made to land.
[0030]
After that, the lifting device is lowered at the same speed, and the simulated body 1 is lowered as shown by the arrow A. Then, although the simulation body 1 starts to sink, as shown in FIG. 1, the weight 16 is attached to the left side of the ceiling portion of the simulation body 1 and the buoyancy material is provided on the lower surface side of the floor plate 9 of the simulation body 1. 2 is attached, the simulated body 1 is in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 5A because of the unstable positional relationship between the center of gravity position of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2. Begin to roll over naturally. At this time, the constant descent speed of the simulated body 1 in the direction of arrow A serves as a brake for rotating the simulated body 1 in the direction of arrow B.
[0031]
Further, when the sling material 13 is lowered as shown by the arrow A as it is, the simulated body 1 is rolled over by 90 degrees in the direction of the arrow B as shown in FIG. At this time, the simulated body 1 is in a state of being submerged in half in the water surface of the pool 18, for example. Thereafter, when the sling material 13 is lowered as shown by an arrow A, the simulated body 1 is rotated 180 degrees in the direction of the arrow B as shown in FIG. At this time, the simulated body 1 rotates to the upside down state, and stops, for example, in a state where almost the entire body is submerged in the water surface of the pool 18.
[0032]
In this state, the trainee is in a breathing stop state, removes the shoulder harness, detaches upside down from the seat 10, and escapes from the opening 8 for escape on the side wall portion of the simulated trunk 1. At this time, since the sling material 13 is stretched in parallel by the sling bar 14 at a distance approximately equal to the longitudinal length of the simulation body 1, it does not interfere with the escape operation of the trainee. In this case, since the buoyancy material 2 has a sufficient buoyancy with respect to the weight of the simulated body 1, the simulated body 1 stops just below the water surface of the pool 18 and does not hit the bottom of the pool 18. Absent.
[0033]
When it is confirmed that all the trainees have escaped safely, the lifting device is raised and the sling member 13 shown in FIG. Then, the simulated body 1 is lifted little by little while rotating in the direction opposite to the direction of the arrow B, and the correct vertical position shown in FIG. Returning to FIG.
[0034]
Thereafter, the lifting / lowering device is further raised to lift the simulated body 1 to a predetermined height, which is moved horizontally and placed on the upper surface of a stable table or cart on the side of the pool 18 and fixed. Thereby, a series of underwater escape training is completed.
[0035]
Next, another use state of the underwater escape training apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. 6 is used by removing the buoyancy material 2 on the lower surface side of the floor plate 9 of the simulated body 1 shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the process proceeds in exactly the same manner as in the state shown in FIG. 5 (a) until the simulated body 1 is suspended from the water surface of the pool 18 and landed.
[0036]
Then, when the lifting device is lowered at the same speed in FIG. 6A and the simulated body 1 is lowered as shown by the arrow A, the buoyancy caused by the buoyant material 2 does not work on the simulated body 1 as it is. It sinks downward due to its own weight. Thereafter, when the simulated body 1 is lowered as indicated by an arrow A, the simulated body 1 stops in a state where the entire body is submerged in the water surface of the pool 18 in the correct vertical position as shown in FIG. In this state, the trainee is in a breathing stop state, removes the shoulder harness, leaves the seat 10, and escapes from the escape opening 8 in the side wall portion of the simulated trunk 1.
[0037]
When it is confirmed that all the trainees have escaped safely, the lifting device is raised and the simulated body 1 shown in FIG. Then, the simulated body 1 is lifted upward from the water surface of the pool 18 as it is. Thereafter, the lifting / lowering device is further raised to lift the simulated body 1 to a predetermined height, which is moved horizontally and placed on the upper surface of a stable table or cart on the side of the pool 18 and fixed. Thereby, a series of underwater escape training is completed.
[0038]
In FIG. 2, when the position of the seat 10 is moved forward or backward, the position of the ring 17 is changed back and forth using the plurality of holes 15 of the sling bar 14, and the change is made. The simulated body 1 can be stably lifted by hooking the hook of the lifting device at the position of the subsequent ring 17. In the above description, the suspension means 4 includes the two sling members 13 and the sling bar 14, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one or two sling members 13 are used. It is also possible to make an inverted V shape and hang this inverted V shape sling material directly on the hook of the lifting device.
[0039]
Further, in the above description, the sling fitting 3 is provided at the upper edge in the front-rear direction of the simulated body 1, and the suspension means 4 that is connected to the sling fitting 3 and suspends the simulated body 1 is provided. The present invention is not limited to this, and the sling fitting 3 and the hanging means 4 need not be provided. In this case, the simulated body 1 is lifted by some means to land on a training water surface such as a pool, and the unstable position relationship between the center of gravity due to the weight of the simulated body 1 and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material 2 What is necessary is just to submerge and the said training body 1 should just collect | recover the said trunk | drum 1 by some means after a trainer escapes.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the simulated torso is moved and placed on the training water surface while a trainee is in the simulated torso, the simulated torso Due to the unstable positional relationship between the center of gravity position due to its own weight and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy force acting on the buoyancy material in the lower part of the simulated fuselage, the simulated fuselage starts to roll over naturally on the training water surface and further rotates to the upside down state Submerge. In this state, the trainee can perform training to escape from the opening for escape of the side wall. Therefore, it is possible to provide an underwater escape training apparatus that has a simple structure, is small and light, can easily perform escape training without requiring incidental facilities, and can move. In addition, the water on the training water surface is not contaminated with the oils and fats of the driving means as in the prior art. Furthermore, the maintainability of the apparatus is good and the cost can be reduced.
[0041]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the state where the trainee is on board the simulated torso, the suspension means is connected to the sling fitting provided on the upper edge of the simulated torso to suspend the simulated torso. When the simulated torso is moved and placed on the training water surface, the simulated torso has an unstable positional relationship between the position of the center of gravity due to its own weight and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material at the lower part of the simulated torso. Begins to roll over naturally on the surface of the training water, and further submerged while rotating upside down. In this state, the trainee can perform training to escape from the opening for escape of the side wall.
[0042]
Furthermore, according to the invention according to claim 3, by detachably attaching the buoyancy material to the lower surface side of the floor plate of the simulation body, the simulation body placed on the training water surface is provided with a buoyancy material. When attached, it can roll over and rotate naturally on the training water surface, and when the buoyancy material is removed, it can be submerged as it is without rolling over on the training water surface. Therefore, two types of escape training can be performed with one underwater escape training apparatus.
[0043]
Furthermore, according to the invention according to claim 4, since the plurality of holes are formed so as to allow water to pass through the floor plate of the simulated torso, the simulated torso that has been moved and placed on the training water surface is smooth. It can be submerged. Therefore, training time can be shortened.
[0044]
According to the invention of claim 5, by providing a weight to a part of the simulated fuselage, the center of gravity position due to the weight of the simulated fuselage and the buoyancy center due to the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material at the lower part of the simulated fuselage are obtained. It can be positively unstable, and the rotational direction of the simulated body can be restricted to a predetermined direction from this unstable positional relationship. Therefore, for example, in a helicopter, it can always be rotated to the co-pilot's seat side.
[0045]
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 6, the suspension means is provided with a sling bar having a length substantially equal to the length in the front-rear direction of the simulation body, so that the simulation body is mounted by the suspension means. When suspended, the sling material can be stretched in parallel at substantially the same length as the longitudinal length of the simulated body, and the simulated body placed on the training water surface can be smoothly rolled over and rotated. In addition, the trainer can be prevented from getting in the way of escape.
[0046]
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 7, since the sling bar is provided with means for changing the suspended position of the simulated body in the longitudinal direction thereof, the simulated body is suspended by the suspension means. The hanging position when lowering can be made variable. Therefore, when the seat position is moved forward or backward, the simulated body can be stably lifted by changing the suspension position back and forth.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an underwater escape training apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a skeleton constituting a simulated torso.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of the underwater escape training apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing another use state of the underwater escape training apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Simulated body 2 ... Buoyant material 3 ... Sling metal fitting 4 ... Suspension means 5 ... Frame 6 ... Outer plate 8 ... Opening part 9 ... Floor board 10 ... Seat 13 ... Sling material 14 ... Sling bar 15 ... For changing suspension position Hole 16 ... Weight 18 ... Pool (training water surface)

Claims (7)

訓練対象乗物の一部を模して形成され、内部の床板上に訓練員が着座する座席を有し、少なくとも一方の側壁部には脱出用の開口部を有する模擬胴体と、
この模擬胴体の床板の下面側に取り付けられる浮力材とを備え、
上記模擬胴体の自重と上記浮力材に働く浮力との位置関係により該模擬胴体が訓練水面にて水没する構成としたことを特徴とする水中脱出訓練装置。
A simulated torso formed by imitating a part of a vehicle to be trained, having a seat on which a trainer sits on an internal floor board, and having an escape opening on at least one side wall;
With a buoyancy material attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate of this simulated torso,
An underwater escape training apparatus characterized in that the simulated torso is submerged on the training water surface by the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated torso and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material.
訓練対象乗物の一部を模して形成され、内部の床板上に訓練員が着座する座席を有し、少なくとも一方の側壁部には脱出用の開口部を有する模擬胴体と、
上記模擬胴体の床板の下面側に取り付けられる浮力材と、
上記模擬胴体の前後方向の上部縁部に設けられ該模擬胴体を吊り下げるためのスリング金具と、
上記スリング金具に連結され上記模擬胴体を吊り下げる吊り下げ手段とを備え、
上記模擬胴体の自重と上記浮力材に働く浮力との位置関係により該模擬胴体が訓練水面にて水没する構成としたことを特徴とする水中脱出訓練装置。
A simulated torso formed by imitating a part of a vehicle to be trained, having a seat on which a trainer sits on an internal floor board, and having an escape opening on at least one side wall;
A buoyancy material attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate of the simulated fuselage;
A sling fitting provided at the upper edge of the simulated torso in the front-rear direction for suspending the simulated torso,
Hanging means coupled to the sling fitting and hanging the simulated torso,
An underwater escape training apparatus characterized in that the simulated torso is submerged on the training water surface by the positional relationship between the weight of the simulated torso and the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy material.
上記浮力材は、模擬胴体の床板の下面側に着脱可能に取り付けられるものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の水中脱出訓練装置。The underwater escape training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy material is detachably attached to the lower surface side of the floor plate of the simulated body. 上記模擬胴体の床板は、通水可能に多数の孔が形成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の水中脱出訓練装置。The underwater escape training apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the floor plate of the simulated body is formed with a large number of holes so that water can pass therethrough. 上記模擬胴体の一部に、錘を付設したことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の水中脱出訓練装置。The underwater escape training apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a weight is attached to a part of the simulated body. 上記吊り下げ手段は、上記模擬胴体の前後方向の長さと略等しい長さのスリングバーを備えたものであることを特徴とする請求項に記載の水中脱出訓練装置。The underwater escape training apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the suspension means includes a sling bar having a length substantially equal to a length in the front-rear direction of the simulated torso. 上記スリングバーには、その長手方向に模擬胴体の吊り下げ位置を可変とする手段が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項6記載の水中脱出訓練装置。7. The underwater escape training apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the sling bar is formed with means for changing the suspended position of the simulated body in the longitudinal direction.
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KR101685597B1 (en) * 2015-09-30 2016-12-15 한솔엘리베이터 주식회사 Ship Search and Rescue simulator system for training
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WO2015179842A1 (en) * 2014-05-23 2015-11-26 Bolo3 Group Portable egress training device
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