JP4169142B2 - 内視鏡用外科デバイス - Google Patents
内視鏡用外科デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP4169142B2 JP4169142B2 JP2000608952A JP2000608952A JP4169142B2 JP 4169142 B2 JP4169142 B2 JP 4169142B2 JP 2000608952 A JP2000608952 A JP 2000608952A JP 2000608952 A JP2000608952 A JP 2000608952A JP 4169142 B2 JP4169142 B2 JP 4169142B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0469—Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06—Needles ; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/062—Needle manipulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/70—Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/75—Manipulators having means for prevention or compensation of hand tremors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
- A61B2017/2927—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
- A61B2017/2932—Transmission of forces to jaw members
- A61B2017/2933—Transmission of forces to jaw members camming or guiding means
- A61B2017/2936—Pins in guiding slots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20207—Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
- Y10T74/20305—Robotic arm
- Y10T74/20317—Robotic arm including electric motor
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
(関連出願の相互参照)
本出願は、1996年11月22日に出願し、係属中の出願番号08/755,063の一部継続出願である、1997年6月11日に出願し、係属中の出願番号08/873,190の一部継続出願である、1999年3月3日に出願し、現在米国特許第5,855,583号として発行されている出願番号09/262,134の一部継続出願である。
【0002】
(発明の背景)
(1.発明の分野)
本発明は一般に、外科用デバイスに関する。より詳細には、本発明は、侵襲の少ない内視鏡外科処置を実施する際の縫合用デバイスに関し、より詳細には、内視鏡による冠状動脈バイパス移植手術に使用する関節動きデバイスに関する。
【0003】
(2.関連技術の説明)
冠状動脈が閉塞すると、生命を維持するために必要な血液および酸素が心臓から失われる可能性がある。この閉塞は投薬または血管形成術により除去することができる。重篤な閉塞には、冠状動脈バイパス移植(CABG)を実施して、動脈の閉塞部分にバイパスを形成する。CABG処置は一般に、心臓にアクセスするために胸骨を切断し、胸腔を開けて実施する。閉塞部分に隣接した動脈を切開する。次いで、内胸動脈(IMA)または他の何らかの血流用の動脈のもとが切開部位の動脈と結びつけられる。IMAは動脈の閉塞部分をバイパスして、心臓に再び完全な血流を提供する。
【0004】
胸骨を切断し、胸腔を開放することにより、患者に大きな外傷が生じる。さらに、胸骨が破壊されたことで、患者の回復に要する期間が長くなる。したがって、侵襲の少ないCABG処置を可能にするシステムが開発されてきた。これらのシステムでは、ハンド・ヘルドのツールと長さ3〜5インチ程度の小さな切開を用いて、患者の胸部へアクセスする。
【0005】
このような侵襲の小さな処置は、患者の皮膚の数インチ程度の小さな切開を通して外科器具を挿入することにより実施する。このような機器の操作は、特に移植したものを動脈に縫合する際に厄介となる可能性がある。これらのシステムでは、手術部位を直接見て行っている。このようなシステムは、このように手術部位の直接明視化を必要とするため、CABG処置を完全に内視鏡で実施することはできない。さらに、このようなシステムでは、手術部位で外科器具を適切に操作するために必要な切開サイズの理由から、完全に内視鏡的なアプローチで行えない。
【0006】
完全に内視鏡的な方法では、胸腔に到達するために小さな穴を使用する。これらの穴はそれぞれ直径3〜11mm程度である。完全に内視鏡的にCABG処置を実施する(すなわち、3〜11mmの穴を使用する)ためには、外科医の手の震えやスケール・モーションを除外するためにロボット・システムを使用しなければならない。
【0007】
内視鏡による外科処置の性能を高めるためには、手術部位に操作できるだけではなく、組織または縫合糸を操作して吻合できる外科器具を使用することが有用であろう。
【0008】
患者のリスクを少なくし、手術時間を短縮するため当技術分野で必要とされているのは、過度に複雑なデザインとなることなく、関節動きおよびその他の動きが可能なロボットで動作する外科デバイスである。
【0009】
(発明の概要)
本発明は、内視鏡用外科デバイスであり、このデバイスは、
近位端および遠位端を有する細長いハウジングと、
ハウジングの内部に延び、近位端および遠位端を有する動作ロッドと、
動作ロッドとその遠位端で連接しているラック・ドライバであって、動作ロッドの運動を実質的に約90度変化させるよう円筒ラックと係合しているラック・ドライバと、
円筒ラックと係合し円筒ラックの運動で開閉するジョーと
を備えている。
【0010】
(発明の詳細な説明)
参照番号により図面をより具体的に参照すると、図1、2および3は関節動きデバイス10の好ましい実施形態を示す。デバイス10はハウジング12を含む。ハウジングは、実質的に器具10の長さだけ延びており、近位端14および遠位端16ならびに長手方向の軸Xを有している。ハウジング12の内部には、関節ロッド20および動作ロッド30が配置されている。関節ロッド20および動作ロッド30はそれぞれ、近位端22、32および遠位端24、34を有している。
【0011】
ロッドの近位端22、32は、侵襲が少なく外科処置を実施するロボット・システムに取り付けられていてもよい。このようなシステムの1つは、本発明の譲受人であるComputer Motion社で製造されており、参照により本明細書にに組み込む米国特許第5,855,583号に記載されている。
【0012】
ロッド20、30は、米国特許第5,855,583号に教示されている取付手段を介してアクチュエータに取り付けられている。ロッドを取り外し可能にアクチュエータに取り付ける他の手段は、ねじ、クリップ等の使用を含む技術で知られている。このようにして、各ロッド20、30は、様々なユーザ・インターフェースおよび電源に接続されているアクチュエータで駆動することができ、侵襲の少ない外科処置の実施に役立つ。
【0013】
関節ロッド20は、長手方向の軸Xに沿って、実質的にハウジング12の長さにわたって延びている。関節ロッド20はジョー50に回転可能に接続されている。このような回転可能な接続は、関節ロッド20とジョー50の中間に取り付けたヒンジ52を使用して実施することができる。
【0014】
ジョー50は、円筒ラック60を使用して、ハウジング12とその遠位端16で回転可能に連接している。このようにして、関節ロッド20の運動によりジョー50が回転する。円筒ラック60はジョー50が回転する回転軸となっている。
【0015】
動作ロッド30はジョー50を作動させる。動作ロッドの遠位端34にはピン36が配置されている。ピン36はラック・ドライバ70に配置されたラック・チャンネル72内にはまる。ラック・ドライバはピン74等を介して、ハウジング12に回転可能に取り付けられている。ハウジングは、その遠位端16にはラック・ドライバ70の横方向の運動用の2つの長手方向の開口18、19を有する。それらの開口は遠位端を通して形成されている。それらについては以下に詳細に記述するを提供する。
【0016】
動作ロッド30の長手方向の運動により、ラックチャンネル72内のピン36が動き、動作ロッド30の長手方向の運動をラック・ドライバ70の回転運動に変換する。ラック・ドライバ70は、ラック・ドライバ70をハウジング12に取り付けているピン74で規定される回転点の周りを回転する。ラック・ドライバ70は、長手方向の開口18、19を通って、ハウジングの内部である空間から外へと動くこともできる。
【0017】
ラック・ドライバ70は、円筒ラック60に係合するショルダ76を有している。ラック・ドライバ70が回転すると、ショルダ76は円筒ラック60を横方向に動かすが、これは動作ロッド30の長手方向の運動に直交し、ハウジング12の長手方向の軸に直交する。円筒ラック60は、ハウジング12内で、それを通して形成されている2つの円筒状の開口部13、15を介して滑動可能である。円筒ラック60が横方向に動くと、ジョー50が動作させられる。円筒ラック60の横方向の運動は第1ジョー部材54に伝達される。第2ジョー部材56はピン58等を介して第1ジョー部材54に回転可能に接続されており、第1ジョー部材54に対して静置されている。このようにして、第1ジョー部材54を動かすと、第2ジョー部材56は静止したままで、ジョー50が作動される。各部材が鋭利な縁部を有している場合、ジョーははさみとして機能することができる。
【0018】
ジョー50は、関節ロッド20の運動を介して関節動きがなされても、常に円筒ラック60と連接している。これは、その中に形成された円周チャンネル66を有する円筒ラックを使用することにより実施できる。このチャンネル66はラック・ドライバ70のショルダ76ならびに第1ジョー部材54上のショルダ58を受ける。
【0019】
したがって、ジョー50が関節運動されると、第1ジョー部材54のショルダ58は円筒ラック60内の円周チャンネル66内で、連接を維持したまま回転し、関節ロッド20の動きにより生じるジョー50の関節動きをした位置にかかわらずジョー50を作動させる。
【0020】
このように、ジョー50の関節動きとジョー50の作動は分離される。いくつかの理由から、このように分離される堅固に結合されたデバイスを提供することは非常に有利である。第一に、デバイスが簡単に滅菌でき、第二に、伸ばしたケーブル等を使用しないため、デバイスは非常に安全に使用できる。
【0021】
ある説明的な実施形態を記述し、添付の図面に示してきたが、当業者には様々な他の変更も可能であることから、このような実施形態は単に例示的なものであり、広い発明を限定するものではないこと、本発明は図示および記述した具体的な構成および配置に限定されるものではないことを理解されたい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 閉じた、角度のある構成の本発明のデバイスの一部分離透視図である。
【図2】 開いた、角度のある構成の本発明のデバイスの一部分離透視図である。
【図3】 開いた、まっすぐな構成の本発明のデバイスの断面透視図である。
Claims (1)
- 近位端および遠位端を有する細長いハウジング(12)と;
近位端および遠位端を有し、上記ハウジングの内部に延在する動作ロッド(30)と;
上記動作ロッドの遠位端と係合し、この動作ロッドの長手方向の運動によって枢軸を中心として回動するラック・ドライバ(70)と;
上記ラック・ドライバのショルダと係合し、このラック・ドライバの上記回動によって、上記動作ロッドの長手運動方向に対してほぼ90度方向に駆動される円筒ラック(60)と;
第1ジョー部材(54)と第2ジョー部材(50)とを有し、この第1ジョー部材の一端は前記円筒ラックに係合して、前記動作ロッドの運動方向に応じて、上記第1ジョー部材を開閉するジョー(50)と;
から構成されることを特徴とする内視鏡用外科デバイス。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/287,860 US6132441A (en) | 1996-11-22 | 1999-04-07 | Rigidly-linked articulating wrist with decoupled motion transmission |
US09/287,860 | 1999-04-07 | ||
PCT/US2000/009201 WO2000059384A1 (en) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-04-07 | Suturing articulating device for tissue and needle manipulation during minimally invasive endoscopic procedure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2002540835A JP2002540835A (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
JP4169142B2 true JP4169142B2 (ja) | 2008-10-22 |
Family
ID=23104673
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000608952A Expired - Lifetime JP4169142B2 (ja) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-04-07 | 内視鏡用外科デバイス |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (6) | US6132441A (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1083830B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4169142B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE432656T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU4207300A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2334458C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60042301D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000059384A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (140)
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WO2003086714A2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2003-10-23 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Robotic scrub nurse |
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-
1999
- 1999-04-07 US US09/287,860 patent/US6132441A/en not_active Ceased
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2000
- 2000-04-07 WO PCT/US2000/009201 patent/WO2000059384A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-04-07 AT AT00921806T patent/ATE432656T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-07 EP EP00921806A patent/EP1083830B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-07 JP JP2000608952A patent/JP4169142B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-07 EP EP08017470A patent/EP2016908A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-07 AU AU42073/00A patent/AU4207300A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-07 CA CA002334458A patent/CA2334458C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-07 DE DE60042301T patent/DE60042301D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2002
- 2002-06-07 US US10/013,170 patent/USRE43049E1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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AU4207300A (en) | 2000-10-23 |
USRE43049E1 (en) | 2011-12-27 |
US20080103524A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
US20130030449A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
US8292916B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
US20150018846A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
US20110112571A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
ATE432656T1 (de) | 2009-06-15 |
US6132441A (en) | 2000-10-17 |
US8845681B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
EP2016908A3 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
CA2334458C (en) | 2008-07-08 |
EP1083830A1 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
WO2000059384A9 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
EP2016908A2 (en) | 2009-01-21 |
EP1083830B1 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
DE60042301D1 (de) | 2009-07-16 |
US9402619B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
EP1083830A4 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
WO2000059384A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
CA2334458A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
JP2002540835A (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
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