JP4067168B2 - Method for producing lightweight lightweight concrete panel with pattern - Google Patents

Method for producing lightweight lightweight concrete panel with pattern Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4067168B2
JP4067168B2 JP09138398A JP9138398A JP4067168B2 JP 4067168 B2 JP4067168 B2 JP 4067168B2 JP 09138398 A JP09138398 A JP 09138398A JP 9138398 A JP9138398 A JP 9138398A JP 4067168 B2 JP4067168 B2 JP 4067168B2
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Prior art keywords
mold
lightweight
concrete panel
cured
molding
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JPH11286006A (en
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慎也 岡崎
布士人 山口
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Asahi Kasei Construction Materials Corp
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Asahi Kasei Construction Materials Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルの製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、意匠性に優れた軽量気泡コンクリートパネルの要求が高まっており、パネル表面に模様を付ける方法として、軽量気泡コンクリートパネルが半硬化状態の時に模様を有する化粧型を表面に押しつけて模様を形成させる方法が提案されている。例えば、特公平5−34121号公報、特公平3−27368号公報、特開平9−157056号公報では、化粧型を半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルに押しつけて模様を形成させる時に、半硬化状パネルの欠損を抑制する手段として模様をつける面以外の各面を型枠やあて板で拘束する方法が提案されている。
【0003】
しかしながら、このような型枠やあて板は、半硬化状パネルを押しつけて模様を形成させる時に、パネルの欠損を抑制することができるものの、半硬化状パネルが型枠やあて板に付着するため、脱型する時にパネル欠損が多発し製品品質の低下や製品収率の低下を招く。また、型枠やあて板に付着したモルタルを除去するためには、新たな除去設備の導入が必要であるばかりか、成形毎に繰り返し除去しなければならず、成形体のコストアップや成形体生産性の低下をも招くことになる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、従来の成形型枠が有する前記諸問題を解消し得る成形型枠を用いた無機系形成体の製造方法を提供するものである。即ち、本発明の課題は、付設が簡便で優れた脱型性と耐久性を有し、実用性に優れる成形型枠を用いて意匠性に優れ安価な無機系成形体を提供することである
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、前記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を重ねた結果、成形型枠表面に特定の樹脂層を形成させた成形型枠が前記本発明課題を達成し得ることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。即ち、本発明は、
1. 化粧型、対向して配置される2対の側板、底板及び天板から成る成形型枠であって、2対の側板、及び底板の内側表面、または2対の側板、及び天板の内側表面にフッ素樹脂層またはシリコーン硬化物層が付設された該成形型枠で、半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルを押しつけて成形した後、離型し、オートクレーブ養生することを特徴とする模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルの製造方法、
2.前記フッ素樹脂層またはシリコーン硬化物層が、50〜500g/m 2 付設されていることを特徴とする前記1.記載の模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルの製造方法、
である。
【0006】
以下に本発明の詳細を説明する。
本発明による成形型枠は、化粧型、対向して配置される2対の側板、底板、天板から成る。これらの側板、底板、天板は、成形体に模様を形成させる際に、成形対象物である成形体の化粧型を押しつける面以外の各面の形態を保持するために用いられる。即ち、底面は成形体の底面の形態を保持し、天板は上面を保持し、側板は同様に側面を保持するために用いられる。成形体に模様を付与する際に、本発明による型枠は、化粧型を底板上に予め載置し、次いで成形体を型枠に据え、成形体を化粧型に押しつけるように構成した型枠、または底板に成形体を載置し、成型体の上方から化粧型を押しつけるように構成した型枠のいずれでも差し支えない。しかしながら、成形体に付与する模様をより精度よく容易に制御し得ることから、本発明では、前者のように構成した型枠をより好ましく用い得る。
【0007】
本発明による型枠は、その少なくとも内側表面にフッ素樹脂層またはシリコーン硬化物層が形成される。本発明における型枠の内側表面は、成型に際し成形体と接する型枠面を意味する。前記樹脂層または硬化物層は、型枠の全表面に形成されていても差し支えない。
本発明におけるフッ素樹脂は、熱可塑性フッ素樹脂または熱硬化性フッ素樹脂のいずれでもよい。熱可塑性フッ素樹脂は、例えばポリテトラフルオロエチレンやポリフッ化ビニリデンなどである。また、熱硬化性フッ素樹脂は、架橋性官能基を有するフッ素樹脂の架橋硬化体である。本発明では熱硬化性フッ素樹脂の方がより好ましく用いられる。熱硬化性フッ素樹脂の中では、フルオロオレフィンをベースに官能基を導入したフルオロオレフィン−ビニルエーテル共重合体を硬化剤で架橋硬化させたものが好ましい。導入する官能基と硬化剤は、架橋硬化が可能であれば特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、官能基に水酸基、硬化剤にイソシアネート系硬化剤やメラミン、または、官能基にエポキシ基、硬化剤にアミン化合物を用いたものがより望ましい。
【0008】
また、フルオロオレフィン−ビニルエーテル共重合体としては、テトラフルオロエチレン−ビニルエーテル共重合体、クロロトリフルオロエチレン−ビニルエーテル共重合体、ビニリデンフルオライド−ビニルエーテル共重合体などを例示することができるが、本発明ではテトラフルオロエチレン−ビニルエーテル共重合体が特に好ましい。また、共重合されるビニルエーテルは、ハイドロカーボン系でもかまわないが、パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテルのほうがより好ましい。ここで、フルオロオレフィン−ビニルエーテル共重合体の硬化剤としては、例えば、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トリレンジイソシアネート、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート等の単量体または、そのプレポリマーあるいはその誘導体などのイソシアネート系硬化剤やメラミンなどを用いることができる。
【0009】
また、前記共重合体に含まれる架橋性官能基の量は、官能基が水酸基である場合、本発明においては、水酸基価10〜150mg・KOH/gであること好ましく、更には40〜80mg・KOH/gが特に好ましい。
本発明では、熱硬化性フッ素樹脂の特徴を損なわない範囲で、フッ素系界面活性剤やフルオロシランカップリング剤、熱可塑性フッ素樹脂などの微粒子、着色顔料、成膜補助剤、成分調整剤などを添加した熱硬化性フッ素樹脂を用いることができる。
本発明におけるシリコーン硬化物は、シリコーンの基本骨格であるシロキサン結合が三次元的に結合した構造を有するものであり、三次元的に結合する架橋点は、シロキサン結合だけで形成されるものだけでなく、シリコーンに含まれる有機基が架橋点を形成したものでもよい。
【0010】
本発明でのシリコーン硬化物における架橋硬化の方法は特に限定されるものではないが、シロキサン結合で架橋点を形成する方法の代表例として、▲1▼多官能性シラノール基を含有するシロキサンやシランを有機スズ化合物などの触媒下で脱水縮合する方法、例えば、メチルシロキサントリオールやメチルシラントリオールの脱水縮合など、▲2▼シラノール基を含有するシロキサンに架橋剤としてシリリジン基を含有するシロキサンを混合し、有機スズ化合物などの触媒下で脱水素縮合する方法、例えば、メチルシロキサンジオールとメチルハイドロジェンシロキサンの脱水素縮合など、▲3▼シラノール基を含有するシロキサンに架橋剤として正ケイ酸エチルなどのアルコキシシランやメトキシ、ケトオキシム、アセトキシなどの加水分解性有機基を含有するシランを有機スズ化合物などの触媒と水の存在下で縮合する方法、例えば、メチルシロキサンジオールとメチルトリアセトキシシランの縮合などを挙げることができ、いずれの方法によってもよい。また、有機基が架橋点を形成する方法の代表例としては、▲1▼ビニル基を含有するシロキサンに架橋剤としてシリリジン基を含有するシロキサンを混合し、白金化合物などの触媒下でヒドロシリル化する方法、例えば、ビニルメチルシロキサンとメチルハイドロジェンシロキサンのヒドロキシル化など、▲2▼シロキサンやビニル基を含有するシロキサンを過酸化ベンゾイルなどの有機過酸化物と反応させて架橋を形成する方法、例えば、ジメチルシロキサンやビニルメチルシロキサンの過酸化ベンゾイルによる架橋などを挙げることができる。これらの方法以外にも紫外線や放射線の照射により架橋硬化させる方法もあり、いずれの方法でもよい。尚、これらの全ての方法において原料は単量体に限らずプレポリマーやポリマーでもかまわない。
【0011】
本発明ではシリコーン硬化物の特徴を損なわない範囲で、ポリエステル樹脂、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、メラミン樹脂、フッ素樹脂などとの変成や熱可塑性フッ素樹脂、シリカ粒子、シランカップリング剤、着色顔料、成膜補助剤、成分調整剤などを添加してもかまわない。樹脂変成やシランカップリング剤の添加は、硬化物のひび割れ防止や樹脂製の成形型母材との密着性向上に有効である。
【0012】
本発明における熱硬化性フッ素樹脂層またはシリコーン硬化物層の架橋の程度は、得られた該樹脂層の硬度に反映されるために、本発明では該樹脂層の架橋程度を硬化物の鉛筆硬度で評価することとする。本発明においては、鉛筆硬度がB〜6Hであることが好ましく、2H〜5Hであることが特に好ましい。
本発明では、フッ素樹脂層またはシリコーン硬化物層を、水の接触角が80゜以上、押圧5.0kg/cm2以下の成形耐久回数が1000回以上、に構成することが特に望ましい。即ち、成形に際して、成形体を所望する形態で損傷させる恐れなく脱型し得るには、成形型枠の表面に形成させた該樹脂層を水の接触角が80゜以上であるように形成させることが好ましく、特に好ましくは90゜以上である。また、成形型枠を繰り返し使用した後にも、充分満足し得る成形体の脱型性及び該樹脂層の形態保持性を得るには、前記成形耐久回数が1000回以上であるように該樹脂層を構成することが好ましい。
【0013】
本発明で成形型枠の表面にフッ素樹脂層またはシリコーン硬化物層を付設する方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、▲1▼成形型枠表面に該樹脂で構成されたシートを貼り付ける、▲2▼成形型枠表面に該樹脂で構成された塗膜を形成させるなどが挙げられる。
また、型枠表面に熱硬化性フッ素樹脂またはシリコーン硬化物の塗膜を形成する際には、該樹脂の硬化前化合物と架橋剤、有機溶剤を適量混合したものを、硬化する前にハケ塗り、スポンジ塗り、フェルト塗り、スプレー、ディップ、フローコートなどで成形型枠表面に塗布し架橋硬化させることができる。本発明で特に好ましい付設方法は、特別な設備が必要なく、より安価で簡便に付設でき、かつ均一な塗膜が得られる点からスプレー法である。架橋硬化は20〜150℃で行うことが好ましい。より好ましくは、80〜120℃で30〜120分程度加熱することである。また、使用中に付設した塗膜が摩耗または他の理由により塗膜が剥がれなどして再付設の必要を生じた場合には、同様の手順で再付設することができる。ここで、簡便に該樹脂層の塗膜を形成するためには、取り扱い上、硬化前の該樹脂が有機溶剤に可溶であることが肝要となる。
【0014】
本発明における該樹脂層の型枠表面への塗布量は、特に制限されるものではないが、50〜500g/m2 に付与させることが望ましい。特に望ましくは100〜300g/m2 である。該樹脂層が50g/m2 未満の時は、実用上の前記成形耐久回数を欠く恐れがあり、また500g/m2 超の付与量は、型枠表面の型枠費用を必要以上に高くする可能性がある。
上述のように本発明では、成形型枠に非常に簡便でかつ均一に該樹脂層を付設することができる。
【0015】
本発明での成形型枠の材質は、成形体面を保持することができる強度と耐久性を有するものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、鉄鋼、ステンレス、アルミ、硬質プラスチック、硬質ゴムなどを使用することができる。
本発明における化粧型は、模様を転写することができる強度を有するものであれば材質、形状、大きさなどは特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、ゴムや樹脂、金属などを使用することができる。本発明においてより好ましく用い得る化粧型は、ウレタンや鉄鋼、ステンレス、アルミニウムなどである。
【0016】
本発明による成形型枠を用いて好適に成形し得る無機系成形体は、軽量気泡コンクリートパネルである。軽量気泡コンクリートパネルを構成するものは、一般に軽量気泡コンクリートに使用されているものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、珪石やセメント類、生石灰、水を主原料として石膏や解砕屑、気泡剤などを使用することができるが、補強用鉄筋もしくは金網が埋設されているものが好ましい。また、長さや幅、厚さは特に限定されるものではなく、その硬さもハンドリングが可能で、押しつけ圧力において半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルが可塑性を示すように設定すればよいが、更には、JISA5416に準拠した強度試験測定法において0.6〜5.0kg/cm2 の強度を有するものであることが特に好ましい。
本発明による成形型枠は模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルを得るのに好適である。本発明は模様を形成させる方法を特に限定するものではなく、例えば模様付き成形型に半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルを押しつけるなどの通常の方法によって差し支えない。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に実施例を挙げ、本発明をより具体的に説明する。以下の実施例においては、無機系成形体が軽量気泡コンクリートパネルである場合について説明する。尚、本発明における水の接触角、成形耐久回数は次のように測定した。
1.水の接触角
温度20℃、湿度65%の条件下で協和界面科学株式会社製の接触角計(DA−D)により測定した。
2.成形耐久回数
押圧5.0kg/cm2 以下で長さ100、幅100、厚さ50mmのモデル半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルをモルタル除去作業なしに繰り返し成形した時に脱型性が確保できなくなり、半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルに欠損を生じ始めるまでの成形回数とする。
【0018】
【実施例1】
成形型枠は、模様付けする面以外の各面の表面にポリテトラフルオロエチレンシートを貼り付けたステンレス製のものを使用した。本実施例における成形型枠の水の接触角は、100〜110゜であった。
次に、軽量気泡コンクリートパネルは、珪石53重量部、生石灰7.5重量部、セメント37重量部、乾燥石膏2.5重量部、これら固形分100重量部に対して水68重量部、アルミ粉末0.06重量部を混合したモルタルスラリーを型枠に注入した後、養生してできた半硬化状の軽量気泡モルタルブロックをピアノ線で切断して長さ2000×幅610×厚さ50mmの半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルとし、このパネルを化粧型の上に載置し、該成形型枠で半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルを拘束し10mm押しつけた後脱型し、オートクレーブ養生する方法で製造した。尚、押しつけ時のモルタル硬度はJISA5416に準拠した方法で測定すると1.5kg/cm2 であった。
【0019】
本実施例における前記軽量気泡コンクリートパネルの脱型性は良好で、得られた模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルは、亀裂や欠け等の欠損は認められず、かつ模様が鮮明に転写されていた。また、成形型枠にもモルタル付着はなく、モルタル除去作業なしに繰り返し成形が可能であった。別途モデル成形体による成形で、3000回押しつけ後も同様の脱型性を保持していたことから3000回以上の成形耐久回数を有することが確認された。
【0020】
【実施例2】
成形型枠は、模様付けする面以外の各面の表面に熱硬化性フッ素樹脂を付設したステンレス製のものを使用した。ここで熱硬化性フッ素樹脂は、水酸基価60mg・KOH/gの水酸基を導入したテトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体80重量部とイソシアネート基21重量%を含有するヘキサメチレンジアミン系硬化剤18重量部、フッ素系界面活性剤2重量部、これら有効樹脂成分100重量部に対して希釈剤としてメチルエチルケトン150重量部を混合したものを有効樹脂成分が約100g/m2 になるようにハケ塗りした後、すみやかに架橋硬化を完了させるため80゜で約60分加熱して付設し、実施例1と同様にして半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルに模様付けを行った。尚、ここで付設した該熱硬化性フッ素樹脂層の厚みは、実施例1とほぼ同じであった。本実施例による成形型枠の水の接触角は、110〜115゜であった。
【0021】
また、本実施例による成形型枠は、脱型性が良好で得られた模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルは、亀裂や欠け等の欠損はなく、かつ模様を鮮明に写していた。また、成形型枠にもモルタル付着はなく、モルタル除去作業なしに繰り返し成形が可能であった。別途モデル成形体による成形で、5000回押しつけ後も同様の脱型性を保持していたことから5000回以上の成形耐久回数を有することが確認された。
【0022】
【実施例3】
成形型枠は、模様付けする面以外の各面の表面にシリコーン硬化物を付設したステンレス製のものを使用した。ここでシリコーン硬化物は、メチルシロキサンジオール30重量部メチルシロキサントリオール64重量部とジブチルスズジラウレート6重量部、これら有効成分100重量部に対して希釈剤としてイソプロピルアルコール100重量部を混合したものを有効樹脂成分が約100g/m2 になるようにハケ塗りした後、すみやかに架橋硬化を完了させるため150゜で約60分加熱して付設し、実施例1と同様にして半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルに模様付けを行った。尚、ここで付設した該シリコーン硬化物層の厚みは、実施例1とほぼ同じであった。本実施例による成形型枠の水の接触角は、90〜100゜であった。
【0023】
また、本実施例による成形型枠は、脱型性が良好で得られた模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルは、亀裂や欠け等の欠損はなく、かつ模様を鮮明に写していた。また、成形型枠にもモルタル付着はなく、モルタル除去作業なしに繰り返し成形が可能であった。別途モデル成形体による成形で、4000回押しつけ後も同様の脱型性を保持していたことから4000回以上の成形耐久回数を有することが確認された。
【0024】
【比較例1】
成形型枠は、ステンレス製のものを使用し、その他は実施例1と全く同様にして半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルに模様付けを行った。ここで、該成形型の水の接触角は、55〜65゜であった。
押しつけ後、該成形型枠は、脱型性が極めて悪く得られた軽量気泡コンクリートパネルは、型枠と接しているパネル端部で欠損が発生し、型枠にもモルタルが多量に付着していた。また、該成形型枠は、モルタル除去作業なしには次のパネルへの模様付けを行うことはできなかった。
【0025】
【比較例2】
成形型枠は、鉱物油系の離型剤を塗布したステンレス製のものを使用し、その他は実施例1と全く同様にして半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルに模様付けを行った。ここで、該成形型の水の接触角は、70〜80゜であった。
押しつけ後、該成形型枠は、脱型性が悪く得られた軽量気泡コンクリートパネルは、型枠と接しているパネル端部で僅かな欠損が発生し、型枠にもモルタルが少量付着していた。また、該成形型枠は、モルタル除去作業なしには次のパネルへの模様付けを行うことはできなかった。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上において詳述したように全く新しい技術であるので、次のような顕著な効果を有する。
1.本発明において成形型枠に付設するフッ素樹脂またはシリコーン硬化物は、簡便で均一にかつ安価に付設することができる。
2.また、該樹脂層の構成成分は所望により変化させ得るので、前記樹脂層の特性の調整が容易であり、型枠を必要に応じて高性能化できる。
3.更に、型枠材質も特別に高価なものに限定されることがなく、型枠に所望の機械的特性を有していて安価な例えば、樹脂等も用いることができる。
4.本発明による成形型枠は、成形型枠表面に水の接触角が80゜以上、成形耐久回数が1000回以上の前記樹脂層を構成させ得るので、成形体の脱型性に極めて優れ、かつその優れた脱型性の保持率、即ち成形耐久性に極めて優れる。
5.本発明による成形型枠を用いると、所望する形態が正確に付与されかつ損傷の非常に少ない優れた軽量気泡コンクリートパネルを得ることができる。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a patterned lightweight cellular concrete panel .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for lightweight cellular concrete panels with excellent design properties. As a method of applying patterns to the panel surface, a decorative pattern with a pattern is pressed against the surface when the lightweight cellular concrete panel is semi-cured. There is a proposed method. For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-34121, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-27368, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-157056, when a decorative mold is pressed against a semi-cured lightweight cellular concrete panel to form a pattern, the semi-cured panel As a means for suppressing the loss of defects, there has been proposed a method of constraining each surface other than the surface on which a pattern is provided with a mold or a contact plate.
[0003]
However, such a formwork or cover plate can suppress the loss of the panel when the semi-cured panel is pressed to form a pattern, but the semi-cured panel adheres to the formwork or the cover plate. When the mold is removed, panel defects frequently occur, resulting in a decrease in product quality and a decrease in product yield. In addition, in order to remove mortar adhering to the formwork and the guard plate, it is not only necessary to introduce new removal equipment, but it must be repeatedly removed at each molding, which increases the cost of the molded body and the molded body. This also leads to a decrease in productivity.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
This invention provides the manufacturing method of the inorganic type formation body using the molding die which can eliminate the said various problems which the conventional molding die has. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an inorganic molded body that is easy to attach, has excellent demolding properties and durability, has excellent designability, and is inexpensive using a mold having excellent practicality. .
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies in order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that a molding mold in which a specific resin layer is formed on the molding mold surface can achieve the above-described problems of the present invention. The invention has been completed. That is, the present invention
1. A forming mold comprising a decorative mold, two pairs of side plates arranged opposite to each other, a bottom plate and a top plate , and two pairs of side plates and an inner surface of the bottom plate, or two pairs of side plates and an inner surface of the top plate A lightweight lightweight concrete with a pattern, which is formed by pressing a semi-cured lightweight cellular concrete panel with a molding frame having a fluororesin layer or a cured silicone layer attached thereto, and then releasing and autoclave curing. Panel manufacturing method,
2. The fluororesin layer or the cured silicone layer is provided with 50 to 500 g / m 2 . A method for producing a lightweight lightweight concrete panel with a pattern,
It is.
[0006]
Details of the present invention will be described below.
The forming mold according to the present invention comprises a decorative mold, two pairs of side plates, a bottom plate, and a top plate that are arranged to face each other. These side plates, bottom plates, and top plates are used to maintain the form of each surface other than the surface against which the decorative mold of the molded body that is a molding object is pressed when a pattern is formed on the molded body. That is, the bottom surface retains the shape of the bottom surface of the molded body, the top plate retains the top surface, and the side plates are similarly used to retain the side surfaces. When a pattern is applied to a molded body, the mold according to the present invention is configured such that the decorative mold is placed on the bottom plate in advance, and then the molded body is placed on the mold and the molded body is pressed against the decorative mold. Alternatively, any of the molds configured to place the molded body on the bottom plate and press the decorative mold from above the molded body may be used. However, since the pattern to be applied to the molded body can be easily controlled with higher accuracy, in the present invention, the mold frame configured as in the former can be used more preferably.
[0007]
The mold according to the present invention has a fluororesin layer or a cured silicone layer formed on at least the inner surface thereof. The inner surface of the mold in the present invention means a mold surface in contact with the molded body during molding. The resin layer or the cured product layer may be formed on the entire surface of the mold.
The fluororesin in the present invention may be either a thermoplastic fluororesin or a thermosetting fluororesin. Examples of the thermoplastic fluororesin include polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride. The thermosetting fluororesin is a cross-linked cured product of a fluororesin having a cross-linkable functional group. In the present invention, a thermosetting fluororesin is more preferably used. Among thermosetting fluororesins, those obtained by crosslinking and curing a fluoroolefin-vinyl ether copolymer having a functional group introduced on the basis of fluoroolefin with a curing agent are preferred. The functional group to be introduced and the curing agent are not particularly limited as long as they can be crosslinked and cured. For example, the functional group is a hydroxyl group, the curing agent is an isocyanate curing agent or melamine, or the functional group is an epoxy group, What uses the amine compound for the hardening | curing agent is more desirable.
[0008]
Examples of the fluoroolefin-vinyl ether copolymer include a tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, a chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, and a vinylidene fluoride-vinyl ether copolymer. In particular, a tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer is particularly preferable. The vinyl ether to be copolymerized may be a hydrocarbon type, but perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether is more preferable. Here, as the curing agent for the fluoroolefin-vinyl ether copolymer, for example, an isocyanate curing agent such as a monomer such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, a prepolymer or a derivative thereof, melamine, etc. Can be used.
[0009]
The amount of the crosslinkable functional group contained in the copolymer is preferably 10 to 150 mg · KOH / g, more preferably 40 to 80 mg · hydroxyl value in the present invention when the functional group is a hydroxyl group. KOH / g is particularly preferred.
In the present invention, fine particles such as fluorosurfactants, fluorosilane coupling agents, thermoplastic fluororesins, coloring pigments, film-forming auxiliary agents, component modifiers, etc., within a range that does not impair the characteristics of thermosetting fluororesins. An added thermosetting fluororesin can be used.
The silicone cured product in the present invention has a structure in which the siloxane bonds, which are the basic skeleton of silicone, are three-dimensionally bonded, and the crosslinking points that are three-dimensionally bonded are only those formed only by siloxane bonds. Alternatively, the organic group contained in the silicone may form a crosslinking point.
[0010]
The method of crosslinking curing in the silicone cured product in the present invention is not particularly limited, but as a typical example of a method for forming a crosslinking point by a siloxane bond, (1) a siloxane or silane containing a polyfunctional silanol group (2) Mixing a silanol-containing siloxane with a silanol group-containing siloxane as a crosslinking agent, such as dehydration condensation under a catalyst such as an organotin compound, such as dehydration condensation of methylsiloxane triol or methylsilanetriol. , A method of dehydrogenating condensation under a catalyst such as an organotin compound, for example, dehydrogenating condensation of methylsiloxane diol and methylhydrogensiloxane, and (3) siloxane containing silanol groups as a crosslinking agent such as ethyl orthosilicate Hydrolysis of alkoxysilane, methoxy, ketoxime, acetoxy, etc. A method of condensing a silane containing a decomposable organic group in the presence of a catalyst such as an organotin compound and water, for example, a condensation of methylsiloxane diol and methyltriacetoxysilane, and the like may be used. . As a typical example of a method for forming a crosslinking point by an organic group, (1) siloxane containing a vinyl group is mixed with siloxane containing a silylidine group as a crosslinking agent, and hydrosilylation is carried out under a catalyst such as a platinum compound. Methods, for example, hydroxylation of vinylmethylsiloxane and methylhydrogensiloxane, and (2) a method of forming a crosslink by reacting siloxane or a siloxane containing a vinyl group with an organic peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide. Examples thereof include crosslinking of dimethylsiloxane and vinylmethylsiloxane with benzoyl peroxide. In addition to these methods, there is a method of crosslinking and curing by irradiation with ultraviolet rays or radiation, and any method may be used. In all these methods, the raw material is not limited to a monomer, and may be a prepolymer or a polymer.
[0011]
In the present invention, as long as the characteristics of the cured silicone are not impaired, modification with polyester resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, urethane resin, melamine resin, fluororesin, thermoplastic fluororesin, silica particles, silane coupling An agent, a coloring pigment, a film forming auxiliary agent, a component adjusting agent, etc. may be added. Resin modification and the addition of a silane coupling agent are effective in preventing cracks in the cured product and improving the adhesion to the resin mold base material.
[0012]
Since the degree of crosslinking of the thermosetting fluororesin layer or the cured silicone layer in the present invention is reflected in the hardness of the obtained resin layer, in the present invention, the degree of crosslinking of the resin layer is determined by the pencil hardness of the cured product. It will be evaluated at. In this invention, it is preferable that pencil hardness is B-6H, and it is especially preferable that it is 2H-5H.
In the present invention, it is particularly desirable that the fluororesin layer or the cured silicone layer has a contact angle of water of 80 ° or more and a molding durability of 1000 kg or more with a pressure of 5.0 kg / cm 2 or less. That is, at the time of molding, the resin layer formed on the surface of the molding frame is formed so that the contact angle of water is 80 ° or more so that the molded body can be removed without fear of damaging the molded body in a desired form. It is preferably 90 ° or more. Further, in order to obtain a sufficiently satisfactory mold release property and shape retention of the resin layer even after repeated use of the molding mold, the resin layer is formed so that the molding durability is 1000 times or more. It is preferable to constitute.
[0013]
In the present invention, the method for attaching the fluororesin layer or the cured silicone layer to the surface of the mold is not particularly limited. For example, (1) a sheet made of the resin is attached to the surface of the mold And (2) forming a coating film composed of the resin on the surface of the mold.
In addition, when forming a thermosetting fluororesin or silicone cured film on the surface of the mold, apply an appropriate amount of the pre-curing compound, cross-linking agent, and organic solvent mixed before brushing. It can be applied to the surface of the mold by means of sponge coating, felt coating, spraying, dip, flow coating, etc., and cured by crosslinking. A particularly preferable attachment method in the present invention is a spray method because it does not require special equipment, can be easily and inexpensively attached, and a uniform coating film can be obtained. Cross-linking and curing are preferably performed at 20 to 150 ° C. More preferably, the heating is performed at 80 to 120 ° C. for about 30 to 120 minutes. In addition, when the coated film attached during use is worn or peeled off due to other reasons and needs to be reattached, it can be reattached by the same procedure. Here, in order to easily form a coating film of the resin layer, it is important for handling that the resin before curing is soluble in an organic solvent.
[0014]
The coating amount of the resin layer on the surface of the mold in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to impart it to 50 to 500 g / m 2 . Particularly desirable is 100 to 300 g / m 2 . When the resin layer is less than 50 g / m 2 , there is a risk of lacking the practical number of molding durability, and an application amount exceeding 500 g / m 2 unnecessarily increases the mold cost on the mold surface. there is a possibility.
As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to attach the resin layer to the forming mold very simply and uniformly.
[0015]
The material of the forming mold in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has strength and durability capable of holding the surface of the formed body. For example, steel, stainless steel, aluminum, hard plastic, hard rubber Etc. can be used.
The material, shape, size and the like of the decorative mold in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as the decorative mold has strength capable of transferring a pattern. For example, rubber, resin, metal or the like may be used. it can. Cosmetic molds that can be more preferably used in the present invention are urethane, steel, stainless steel, aluminum and the like.
[0016]
An inorganic molded body that can be suitably molded using the molding frame according to the present invention is a lightweight cellular concrete panel. What constitutes the lightweight aerated concrete panel is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for lightweight aerated concrete. For example, gypsum and crushed debris mainly composed of silica, cement, quicklime, and water, A foaming agent or the like can be used, but a reinforcing bar or a wire mesh embedded therein is preferable. Further, the length, width, and thickness are not particularly limited, and the hardness can be handled, and the semi-cured lightweight aerated concrete panel may be set to exhibit plasticity at the pressing pressure. In the strength test measurement method based on JISA 5416, it is particularly preferable that the strength is 0.6 to 5.0 kg / cm 2 .
The mold according to the invention is suitable for obtaining patterned lightweight cellular concrete panels. The method of forming the pattern is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be a normal method such as pressing a semi-cured lightweight cellular concrete panel against a pattern-forming mold.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In the following examples, the case where the inorganic molded body is a lightweight cellular concrete panel will be described. In the present invention, the contact angle of water and the number of molding durability were measured as follows.
1. The measurement was performed with a contact angle meter (DA-D) manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. under conditions of a water contact angle temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65%.
2. Molding endurance pressing 5.0 kg / cm 2 or less in length 100, width 100, no longer demolding property can be ensured when the model semi-cured lightweight concrete panel having a thickness of 50mm was repeatedly molded without mortar removal operations, semi It is the number of moldings until the hardened lightweight cellular concrete panel begins to be damaged.
[0018]
[Example 1]
The mold used was made of stainless steel with a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet attached to the surface of each surface other than the surface to be patterned. The water contact angle of the mold in this example was 100 to 110 °.
Next, lightweight cellular concrete panel is composed of 53 parts by weight of quartzite, 7.5 parts by weight of quicklime, 37 parts by weight of cement, 2.5 parts by weight of dry gypsum, 68 parts by weight of water with respect to 100 parts by weight of these solids, aluminum powder After the mortar slurry mixed with 0.06 parts by weight is poured into the mold, the cured semi-cured lightweight foam mortar block is cut with a piano wire, and the length is 2000 × width 610 × thickness 50 mm A hardened lightweight aerated concrete panel was produced. The panel was placed on a decorative mold, and the semi-cured lightweight aerated concrete panel was restrained with the mold and pressed 10 mm, then demolded, and manufactured by an autoclave curing method. . The mortar hardness at the time of pressing was 1.5 kg / cm 2 when measured by a method based on JIS A5416.
[0019]
The demoldability of the lightweight cellular concrete panel in this Example was good, and the obtained patterned lightweight cellular concrete panel had no defects such as cracks or chips, and the pattern was clearly transferred. Further, there was no mortar adhesion on the molding mold, and it was possible to repeatedly perform molding without removing the mortar. It was confirmed that it had a molding durability count of 3000 times or more because it was kept in the same mold release property after being pressed 3000 times by separately molding with a model molded body.
[0020]
[Example 2]
The mold used was made of stainless steel with a thermosetting fluororesin attached to the surface of each surface other than the surface to be patterned. Here, the thermosetting fluororesin is a hexamethylenediamine curing agent containing 80 parts by weight of a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer into which a hydroxyl group having a hydroxyl value of 60 mg · KOH / g is introduced and 21% by weight of an isocyanate group. 18 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight of a fluorosurfactant, and 100 parts by weight of these effective resin components mixed with 150 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone as a diluent are brushed so that the effective resin component is about 100 g / m 2 Then, in order to immediately complete the crosslinking and curing, it was heated and attached at 80 ° for about 60 minutes, and the semi-cured lightweight cellular concrete panel was patterned in the same manner as in Example 1. The thickness of the thermosetting fluororesin layer provided here was almost the same as in Example 1. The water contact angle of the mold according to this example was 110 to 115 °.
[0021]
In addition, the light-weight concrete panel with a pattern obtained by the mold according to the present example having a good demolding property had no defects such as cracks and chips, and the pattern was clearly copied. Further, there was no mortar adhesion on the molding mold, and it was possible to repeatedly perform molding without removing the mortar. It was confirmed that it had a molding durability count of 5000 times or more because it was maintained with the same mold release property even after being pressed 5000 times separately by molding with a model molded body.
[0022]
[Example 3]
The mold used was made of stainless steel with a silicone cured product attached to the surface of each surface other than the surface to be patterned. Here, the cured silicone is an effective resin obtained by mixing 30 parts by weight of methylsiloxane diol, 64 parts by weight of methylsiloxane triol, 6 parts by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 100 parts by weight of these active ingredients with 100 parts by weight of isopropyl alcohol as a diluent. After brushing so that the component becomes about 100 g / m 2 , it was attached by heating at 150 ° for about 60 minutes in order to complete the crosslinking and curing, and in the same manner as in Example 1, a semi-cured lightweight cellular concrete panel I made a pattern on. The thickness of the cured silicone layer provided here was almost the same as in Example 1. The water contact angle of the mold according to this example was 90 to 100 °.
[0023]
In addition, the light-weight concrete panel with a pattern obtained by the mold according to the present example having a good demolding property had no defects such as cracks and chips, and the pattern was clearly copied. Further, there was no mortar adhesion on the molding mold, and it was possible to repeatedly perform molding without removing the mortar. It was confirmed that it had a molding durability count of 4000 times or more because it was kept in the same mold release property after being pressed 4000 times by separately molding with a model molded body.
[0024]
[Comparative Example 1]
The mold was made of stainless steel, and other than that, the semi-cured lightweight cellular concrete panel was patterned in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. Here, the water contact angle of the mold was 55 to 65 °.
After pressing, the lightweight form concrete panel obtained by the molding form having extremely poor demoldability is damaged at the edge of the panel in contact with the formwork, and a large amount of mortar is also attached to the formwork. It was. In addition, the molding frame could not be patterned on the next panel without mortar removal work.
[0025]
[Comparative Example 2]
The mold was made of stainless steel coated with a mineral oil release agent, and the others were patterned in the same manner as Example 1 except that the semi-cured lightweight cellular concrete panel was patterned. Here, the water contact angle of the mold was 70 to 80 °.
After pressing, the lightweight foam concrete panel obtained with poor mold release properties was slightly damaged at the edge of the panel in contact with the mold, and a small amount of mortar was also attached to the mold. It was. In addition, the molding frame could not be patterned on the next panel without mortar removal work.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is a completely new technique as described in detail above, it has the following remarkable effects.
1. In the present invention, the fluororesin or silicone cured product attached to the mold can be attached simply, uniformly and inexpensively.
2. Further, since the constituent components of the resin layer can be changed as desired, the characteristics of the resin layer can be easily adjusted, and the mold can be improved in performance as required.
3. Furthermore, the material of the mold is not limited to a particularly expensive material. For example, a resin having a desired mechanical characteristic and inexpensive can be used.
4). The molding mold according to the present invention can form the resin layer having a water contact angle of 80 ° or more and a molding durability of 1000 times or more on the surface of the molding mold. Its excellent demoldability retention rate, that is, excellent molding durability.
5. By using the forming mold according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an excellent lightweight cellular concrete panel which is imparted with a desired shape accurately and has very little damage.

Claims (2)

化粧型、対向して配置される2対の側板、底板及び天板から成る成形型枠であって、2対の側板、及び底板の内側表面、または2対の側板、及び天板の内側表面にフッ素樹脂層またはシリコーン硬化物層が付設された該成形型枠で、半硬化状軽量気泡コンクリートパネルを押しつけて成形した後、離型し、オートクレーブ養生することを特徴とする模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルの製造方法A forming mold comprising a decorative mold, two pairs of side plates arranged opposite to each other, a bottom plate and a top plate , and two pairs of side plates and an inner surface of the bottom plate, or two pairs of side plates and an inner surface of the top plate A lightweight lightweight concrete with a pattern, which is formed by pressing a semi-cured lightweight cellular concrete panel with a molding frame having a fluororesin layer or a cured silicone layer attached thereto, and then releasing and autoclave curing. Panel manufacturing method . 前記フッ素樹脂層またはシリコーン硬化物層が、50〜500g/m 2 付設されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートパネルの製造方法 The fluororesin layer or a cured silicone layer, a manufacturing method of claim 1 patterned lightweight cellular concrete panel, wherein that it is 50 to 500 g / m 2 attached.
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EP2397296A3 (en) * 2010-06-17 2014-07-16 BFS Betonfertigteilesysteme GmbH Method for producing a negative mould for producing concrete elements

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JP5473361B2 (en) * 2009-03-12 2014-04-16 キヤノン株式会社 Method for producing elastic roller for electrophotography

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2397296A3 (en) * 2010-06-17 2014-07-16 BFS Betonfertigteilesysteme GmbH Method for producing a negative mould for producing concrete elements

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