JP3389959B2 - Manufacturing method of metal coated powder - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of metal coated powder

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Publication number
JP3389959B2
JP3389959B2 JP08178295A JP8178295A JP3389959B2 JP 3389959 B2 JP3389959 B2 JP 3389959B2 JP 08178295 A JP08178295 A JP 08178295A JP 8178295 A JP8178295 A JP 8178295A JP 3389959 B2 JP3389959 B2 JP 3389959B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
metal
powder
electroless plating
reducing agent
copper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP08178295A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH08253870A (en
Inventor
卓 杉浦
幸広 田宮
敏伸 高畠
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Priority to JP08178295A priority Critical patent/JP3389959B2/en
Publication of JPH08253870A publication Critical patent/JPH08253870A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3389959B2 publication Critical patent/JP3389959B2/en
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、導電材、電磁波シー
ルド材等に利用可能な金属被覆を有する無機粉体の製造
方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing an inorganic powder having a metal coating, which can be used as a conductive material, an electromagnetic wave shield material and the like.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】非導電性無機質の粉体上に金属被膜を形
成する方法としては、無電解めっき法が一般的である。
無電解めっき法は、基材を塩化第一錫および塩化パラジ
ウム溶液、あるいは錫とパラジウムのコロイド溶液中に
浸漬することにより、表面を活性化した後、金属塩、金
属錯化剤、pH調整剤、還元剤等を含有する無電解めっ
き浴に浸漬して金属被膜を形成する方法である。
2. Description of the Related Art As a method for forming a metal coating on a non-conductive inorganic powder, an electroless plating method is generally used.
In the electroless plating method, the surface is activated by immersing the base material in a stannous chloride and palladium chloride solution or a colloidal solution of tin and palladium, and then a metal salt, a metal complexing agent, a pH adjusting agent. , A method of forming a metal film by immersing in a non-electrolytic plating bath containing a reducing agent and the like.

【0003】この方法により形成される金属被膜の種類
は、金属塩の種類により各種あり、導電材、電磁波シー
ルド材として利用可能な金属としては、ニッケル、銅、
銀、パラジウム等がある。金属の種類により、無電解め
っき浴中の金属塩、金属錯化剤、pH調整剤、還元剤の
種類は異なるが、通常、無電解めっき法による粉体表面
への金属被膜の形成は、粉体を活性化処理した後、還元
剤あるいは還元剤と金属塩を除いた無電解めっき浴中に
浸漬し、撹拌により粉体を十分に分散させた後、還元剤
あるいは還元剤と金属塩を徐々に添加し、ゆっくりと金
属被膜を形成させるというものである。
There are various types of metal coatings formed by this method, depending on the type of metal salt. Examples of metals that can be used as conductive materials and electromagnetic wave shield materials include nickel, copper, and
There are silver and palladium. Although the types of metal salts, metal complexing agents, pH adjusters, and reducing agents in the electroless plating bath differ depending on the type of metal, the formation of a metal coating on the surface of a powder by the electroless plating method is usually performed by the powder. After activating the body, it is immersed in a reducing agent or an electroless plating bath from which the reducing agent and the metal salt have been removed, and the powder is sufficiently dispersed by stirring, and then the reducing agent or the reducing agent and the metal salt are gradually added. Is added to and slowly forms a metal film.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記方法により、粉体
表面に金属被膜を形成する場合、粉体表面の活性化工程
において、吸着性等の差により、錫あるいはパラジウム
の分布に不均一性が生じ、表面電位にばらつきが生じ
る。そのため、無電解めっきの際、金属被膜が形成しや
すい部分と形成しにくい部分が生じ、被膜形成の進行に
より、形成しやすい部分にのみ金属被膜が形成されるた
め、金属被膜表面が凹凸になり、極端な部分では未析出
部が生じ、素材が表面に露出する。
When a metal coating is formed on the powder surface by the above method, unevenness in the distribution of tin or palladium may occur in the activation process of the powder surface due to the difference in adsorption property. Occurs and the surface potential varies. Therefore, during electroless plating, a part where a metal film is easily formed and a part where it is difficult to form are formed, and the metal film is formed only on the part that is easy to form due to the progress of the film formation. , An unprecipitated part occurs in the extreme part and the material is exposed on the surface.

【0005】この発明は、かかる問題を解決するために
なされたもので、粉体表面の活性化工程による不均一性
が生じた場合においても、金属表面の凹凸の発生を少な
くすることができる金属被覆粉体の製造方法を提案しよ
うとするものである。
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is possible to reduce the occurrence of irregularities on the metal surface even when nonuniformity occurs due to the activation process of the powder surface. It is intended to propose a method for producing coated powder.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】この発明に係る金属被覆
粉体の製造方法は、無電解めっきのための活性化処理後
の粉体を0.2〜1.5モル/リットルの還元剤を含有
する溶液中に分散し、温度およびpHを使用する無電解
めっき液と同一にした後、10〜120秒の範囲で、還
元剤を含まない無電解めっき液中に添加することを特徴
とするものである。また、被覆される金属としては、ニ
ッケル、銅、銀、パラジウムあるいはその合金を使用す
るものである。
According to the method for producing a metal-coated powder according to the present invention, the powder after activation treatment for electroless plating is treated with 0.2 to 1.5 mol / liter of a reducing agent. It is characterized in that it is dispersed in a solution containing it, and is made to have the same temperature and pH as the electroless plating solution used, and then added to the electroless plating solution containing no reducing agent in the range of 10 to 120 seconds. It is a thing. As the metal to be coated, nickel, copper, silver, palladium or an alloy thereof is used.

【0007】[0007]

【作用】通常、無電解めっき反応は、無電解めっき液中
に含まれる還元剤が、活性化工程により粉体表面に吸着
したパラジウムあるいは、無電解めっきにより形成され
た金属が触媒となるために、酸化され、その際に放出さ
れる電子によって、無電解めっき液中の金属が還元さ
れ、金属被膜が形成される。還元剤の還元力は、酸化還
元電位により表れ、還元剤の種類、濃度、温度、pH等
により変化する。
[Function] Usually, in the electroless plating reaction, the reducing agent contained in the electroless plating solution serves as a catalyst because the palladium adsorbed on the powder surface in the activation step or the metal formed by the electroless plating serves as a catalyst. The metal in the electroless plating solution is reduced by the electrons that are oxidized and emitted at that time to form a metal film. The reducing power of the reducing agent is represented by the redox potential and changes depending on the type, concentration, temperature, pH, etc. of the reducing agent.

【0008】この発明において、活性化処理した粉体を
0.2〜1.5モル/リットルの還元剤を含有する溶液
に分散し、その溶液を還元剤を含有しない無電解めっき
浴に添加する方法をとったのは、粉体表面に吸着した錫
あるいはパラジウム表面に、通常のめっき液よりも高濃
度の還元剤を有する液層を形成することにより、酸化還
元電位を低くして還元力を大きくし、活性化した表面の
不均一性の影響を小さくするためである。ここで、還元
剤濃度を0.2〜1.5モル/リットルと限定したの
は、0.2モル/リットル未満の場合は、酸化還元電位
が不十分となり、粉体表面が凹凸になり易く、他方、
1.5モル/リットルを超えると、酸化還元電位が低く
なりすぎ、粉体表面以外で金属の析出反応が進行した
り、粉体が十分に分散する前に金属析出反応が進行し、
粉体どうしが凝集した状態となるからである。
In the present invention, the activated powder is dispersed in a solution containing 0.2 to 1.5 mol / liter of a reducing agent, and the solution is added to an electroless plating bath containing no reducing agent. The method used is to reduce the redox potential and reduce the reducing power by forming a liquid layer containing a reducing agent at a higher concentration than the usual plating solution on the tin or palladium surface adsorbed on the powder surface. This is to increase the size and reduce the influence of nonuniformity of the activated surface. Here, the reason for limiting the reducing agent concentration to 0.2 to 1.5 mol / liter is that if the reducing agent concentration is less than 0.2 mol / liter, the redox potential becomes insufficient and the powder surface is likely to be uneven. , On the other hand,
If it exceeds 1.5 mol / liter, the oxidation-reduction potential becomes too low, the metal deposition reaction proceeds on other than the powder surface, or the metal deposition reaction proceeds before the powder is sufficiently dispersed,
This is because the powders are in an agglomerated state.

【0009】また、この発明において、上記還元剤を有
する溶液を10〜120秒の範囲で無電解めっき液に添
加することとしたのは、無電解めっき液中での金属の析
出性と粉体の分散性を十分にするためであり、10秒未
満の場合は局部的に金属の析出反応が進行し、粉体の凝
集あるいはめっき浴の自己分解による金属粉末の生成が
生じ(ただし粉体の分散が十分に行われる条件では、1
0秒よりも短くすることが可能である)、他方、120
秒を超える場合は添加時期の差による金属被覆の厚さに
差が生じ、極端に添加時間を長くした場合は、粉体の添
加が終わる前にめっき液中の金属イオンが減少し、金属
被覆されない粉体が発生するためである。
Further, in the present invention, the reason why the solution containing the reducing agent is added to the electroless plating solution in the range of 10 to 120 seconds is that the metal depositability and the powder in the electroless plating solution are added. Is less than 10 seconds, the metal precipitation reaction locally proceeds, and the powder agglomerates or the plating bath self-decomposes to generate metal powder (however, If the dispersion is sufficient, 1
It can be shorter than 0 seconds), while 120
If it exceeds 2 seconds, there will be a difference in the thickness of the metal coating due to the difference in the addition timing, and if the addition time is extremely lengthened, the metal ions in the plating solution will decrease before the addition of the powder is finished, and the metal coating This is because powder that is not generated is generated.

【0010】なお、上記還元剤を有する溶液の温度およ
びpHを無電解めっき浴と同一にするのは、無電解めっ
き液に添加、混合する際、無電解めっき液の温度および
pHが変化しないようにするためである。
The temperature and pH of the solution containing the reducing agent should be the same as those of the electroless plating bath so that the temperature and pH of the electroless plating solution do not change during addition and mixing with the electroless plating solution. This is because

【0011】無電解めっき浴により形成される金属の種
類は、導電性、電磁波シールド性等の点でニッケル、
銅、銀、パラジウムあるいはその合金が使用され、還元
剤としては、ニッケルに対しては次亜燐酸ナトリウムや
ジメチルアミンボラン、銅に対してはホルマリンやヒド
ラジンが使用される。
The type of metal formed by the electroless plating bath is nickel in terms of conductivity, electromagnetic wave shielding property, etc.
Copper, silver, palladium or an alloy thereof is used, and as the reducing agent, sodium hypophosphite or dimethylamine borane is used for nickel, and formalin or hydrazine is used for copper.

【0012】[0012]

【実施例】【Example】

実施例1 直径0.5μm、長さ10μm程度のチタン酸カリウム
ウイスカー(大塚化学社製:TISMOーN)100g
を0.2g/lの塩化第一錫溶液1400mlに浸漬
し、40℃で10分間ペラー撹拌を行い、濾過、水洗し
た後、0.2g/lの塩化パラジウム溶液1000ml
に浸漬し、40℃で10分間ペラー撹拌を行い、濾過、
水洗して活性化処理を終了した。続いて、この活性化処
理後の粉体を、無電解めっき液と同じpHの12.5に
調整した0.25モル/lのホルマリンの溶液14lに
添加し、撹拌、分散させると同時に、温度を無電解めっ
き液と同じ65℃に昇温した。その後、この溶液を撹拌
しながら、表1に示す還元剤を含有しない無電解銅めっ
き液中に30秒間で添加し、銅含有量が50wt%とな
るように銅被膜を形成した。この被膜形成後、水洗し、
表2に示す銅の防錆液により処理し、しかる後、十分に
水洗し、40℃で48時間、真空乾燥を行い、表面の観
察およびEPMAによる元素分析を行った。
Example 1 100 g of potassium titanate whiskers (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd .: TISMO-N) having a diameter of 0.5 μm and a length of about 10 μm.
Was immersed in 1400 ml of a 0.2 g / l stannous chloride solution, stirred with Peller at 40 ° C. for 10 minutes, filtered and washed with water, and then 1000 ml of a 0.2 g / l palladium chloride solution.
Dip, stir at 40 ° C for 10 minutes, filter,
It was washed with water to complete the activation treatment. Subsequently, the powder after the activation treatment is added to 14 l of a 0.25 mol / l formalin solution adjusted to 12.5 having the same pH as that of the electroless plating solution, stirred and dispersed, and at the same time, the temperature is increased. Was heated to 65 ° C., which is the same as the electroless plating solution. Then, this solution was added to the electroless copper plating solution containing no reducing agent shown in Table 1 for 30 seconds with stirring to form a copper coating so that the copper content was 50 wt%. After forming this film, wash with water,
It was treated with the copper anticorrosive solution shown in Table 2, then washed thoroughly with water, vacuum dried at 40 ° C. for 48 hours, and the surface was observed and elemental analysis was performed by EPMA.

【0013】その結果、チタン酸カリウムウイスカー表
面には、すべて銅が検出され、銅の未析出部分は見られ
ず、表面状態も比較的平滑であった。この結果は、この
発明により、チタン酸カリウムウイスカー表面に平滑な
銅被膜を形成することができ、導電性の良好なフィラー
として使用できることを示している。
As a result, all copper was detected on the surface of the potassium titanate whiskers, no unprecipitated portion of copper was observed, and the surface condition was relatively smooth. This result indicates that the present invention can form a smooth copper coating on the surface of potassium titanate whiskers and can be used as a filler having good conductivity.

【0014】[0014]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0015】[0015]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0016】実施例2 実施例1と同じチタン酸カリウムウイスカー100gを
使用し、表3に示す溶液で活性化処理した粉体を、無電
解めっき液と同じpHの11に調整した1.3モル/l
の飽水ヒドラジンを含む溶液5lに添加し、撹拌、分散
させると同時に、温度を無電解めっき液と同じ20℃に
し、この溶液を撹拌しながら、表4に示す還元剤を含有
しない無電解銅めっき液中に60秒間で添加し、銀含有
量が50wt%になるように銀被膜を形成した。続い
て、十分に水洗後、40℃で48時間、真空乾燥を行
い、表面の観察およびEPMAによる元素分析を行っ
た。
Example 2 Using 100 g of the same potassium titanate whiskers as in Example 1, a powder activated by the solution shown in Table 3 was adjusted to 11 having the same pH as that of the electroless plating solution, 1.3 mol. / L
Of saturated aqueous hydrazine, stirred and dispersed at the same time as the temperature of the electroless plating solution was 20 ° C., and while stirring this solution, electroless copper containing no reducing agent shown in Table 4 was added. It was added to the plating solution for 60 seconds to form a silver coating so that the silver content was 50 wt%. Then, after thoroughly washing with water, vacuum drying was performed at 40 ° C. for 48 hours, and the surface was observed and elemental analysis was performed by EPMA.

【0017】その結果、本実施例においても、チタン酸
カリウムウイスカー表面には、すべて銀が検出され、銀
の未析出部分は見られず、表面状態も平滑であった。
As a result, also in this example, silver was all detected on the surface of the potassium titanate whiskers, no unprecipitated portion of silver was observed, and the surface condition was smooth.

【0018】[0018]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0019】[0019]

【表4】 [Table 4]

【0020】比較例1 実施例1と同様にして活性化処理を行い、その活性化処
理後の粉体を、撹拌しながら、実施例1に示す還元剤を
含有しない無電解銅めっき液中に添加し、その後、pH
を12.5に調整した0.25モル/lのホルマリンの
溶液14lを60分間で添加し、銅含有量が50wt%
となるように銅被膜を形成した。続いて、実施例1と同
様にして防錆処理を行い、乾燥後、表面を観察したとこ
ろ、銅の未析出部分が多く見られた。これは、還元剤を
含有しない無電解めっき液中に粉体を分散した後、還元
剤を添加する方法では、銅被膜表面が凹凸になり、析出
不良の部分が見られることから、導電性が低下し、導電
性フィラーとして使用できないことを示している。
Comparative Example 1 An activation treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and the powder after the activation treatment was stirred into the electroless copper plating solution containing no reducing agent shown in Example 1. Add, then pH
Was added to 12.5 of a 0.25 mol / l formalin solution adjusted to 12.5 for 60 minutes to obtain a copper content of 50 wt%.
A copper film was formed so that Subsequently, rust prevention treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, the surface was observed after drying, and many copper non-precipitated portions were seen. This is because after the powder is dispersed in the electroless plating solution containing no reducing agent, the method of adding the reducing agent makes the surface of the copper coating uneven, and a defective deposition portion is observed, so that the conductivity is reduced. It shows that it cannot be used as a conductive filler.

【0021】比較例2 活性化処理したチタン酸カリウムウイスカーを分散させ
た還元剤溶液の濃度を0.1モル/lとし、添加時間を
5分とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして銅被覆チタン
酸カリウムウイスカーを作製し、表面の観察を行った結
果、チタン酸カリウムウイスカー表面に銅が析出してい
ない部分が見られ、銅被膜表面は凹凸になっていた。こ
の結果は、還元剤の濃度が0.1モル/lと小さく、添
加時間が5分と長い場合、銅被膜表面の外観が低下し、
未析出部分が発生することを示している。
Comparative Example 2 Copper was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the reducing agent solution in which the activated potassium titanate whiskers were dispersed was 0.1 mol / l and the addition time was 5 minutes. As a result of producing a coated potassium titanate whisker and observing the surface, a portion where copper was not deposited was found on the surface of the potassium titanate whisker, and the copper coating surface was uneven. This result shows that when the reducing agent concentration is as low as 0.1 mol / l and the addition time is as long as 5 minutes, the appearance of the copper coating surface deteriorates,
It shows that an unprecipitated portion is generated.

【0022】比較例3 活性化処理したチタン酸カリウムウイスカーを分散させ
た還元剤溶液の濃度を2モル/lとし、添加時間を3秒
とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして銅被覆チタン酸カ
リウムウイスカーを作製し、表面の観察を行った結果、
チタン酸カリウムウイスカー表面に銅が析出していない
部分は見られなかったが、銅粉末が発生し、銅被覆表面
は凹凸になっていた。また、銅被覆チタン酸カリウムウ
イスカーの凝集が認められた。この結果は、還元剤の濃
度が2モル/lと大きく、添加時間が3秒と短い場合、
銅粉が発生し銅被膜表面の外観が低下し、凝集により分
散しにくくなることを示している。
Comparative Example 3 Copper-coated titanium was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the reducing agent solution in which the activated potassium titanate whiskers were dispersed was 2 mol / l and the addition time was 3 seconds. As a result of making a potassium acid whisker and observing the surface,
No portion of the potassium titanate whiskers where copper was not deposited was not seen, but copper powder was generated and the copper-coated surface was uneven. Further, aggregation of copper-coated potassium titanate whiskers was observed. This result shows that when the reducing agent concentration is as high as 2 mol / l and the addition time is as short as 3 seconds,
It shows that copper powder is generated, the appearance of the copper coating surface is deteriorated, and it becomes difficult to disperse due to aggregation.

【0023】[0023]

【発明の効果】以上説明したごとく、この発明方法によ
れば、粉体の活性化工程で生じる錫、あるいはパラジウ
ムの吸着ムラによる、金属被覆表面の凹凸や未析出部分
の発生を皆無にでき、比較的平滑な金属表面を有する金
属被覆粉体を得ることができるので、導電性が良好で、
導電材あるいは電磁波シールド材等に使用した場合、優
れた特性が得られるという大なる効果を奏する。
As described above, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to completely eliminate the unevenness and the non-precipitated portion of the metal coating surface due to the uneven adsorption of tin or palladium generated in the powder activation step, Since it is possible to obtain a metal-coated powder having a relatively smooth metal surface, the conductivity is good,
When used as a conductive material, an electromagnetic wave shield material, or the like, a great effect is obtained in that excellent characteristics can be obtained.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−93872(JP,A) 特開 昭63−20487(JP,A) 特開 平4−157166(JP,A) 特開 平1−195281(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C23C 18/31 C23C 18/18 C23C 18/34 C23C 18/40 C23C 18/44 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-93872 (JP, A) JP-A-63-20487 (JP, A) JP-A-4-157166 (JP, A) JP-A-1- 195281 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C23C 18/31 C23C 18/18 C23C 18/34 C23C 18/40 C23C 18/44

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 無電解めっき法により、粒子上に金属被
膜を形成する方法において、無電解めっきのための活性
化処理後の粉体を0.2〜1.5モル/リットルの還元
剤を含有する溶液中に分散し、温度およびpHを無電解
めっき液と同様にした後、10〜120秒の範囲で、還
元剤を含まない無電解めっき液中に添加することを特徴
とする金属被覆粉体の製造方法。
1. A method for forming a metal coating on particles by electroless plating, wherein the powder after activation treatment for electroless plating is treated with 0.2 to 1.5 mol / liter of a reducing agent. A metal coating characterized by being dispersed in a solution containing the same and having the same temperature and pH as those of the electroless plating solution, and then added to the electroless plating solution containing no reducing agent in the range of 10 to 120 seconds. Powder manufacturing method.
【請求項2】 被覆される金属が、ニッケル、銅、銀、
パラジウムあるいはその合金であることを特徴とする請
求項1記載の金属被覆粉体の製造方法。
2. The metal to be coated is nickel, copper, silver,
The method for producing a metal-coated powder according to claim 1, which is palladium or an alloy thereof.
JP08178295A 1995-03-14 1995-03-14 Manufacturing method of metal coated powder Expired - Fee Related JP3389959B2 (en)

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JP5792514B2 (en) * 2011-05-20 2015-10-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Catalyst production method
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