JP3161087U - Dust bag for vacuum cleaner - Google Patents

Dust bag for vacuum cleaner Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3161087U
JP3161087U JP2010002621U JP2010002621U JP3161087U JP 3161087 U JP3161087 U JP 3161087U JP 2010002621 U JP2010002621 U JP 2010002621U JP 2010002621 U JP2010002621 U JP 2010002621U JP 3161087 U JP3161087 U JP 3161087U
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vacuum cleaner
filter paper
bag
electric vacuum
dust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP2010002621U
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昌幸 浅野
昌幸 浅野
秋庭 英治
英治 秋庭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kuraray Living Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kuraray Living Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kuraray Living Co Ltd filed Critical Kuraray Living Co Ltd
Priority to JP2010002621U priority Critical patent/JP3161087U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3161087U publication Critical patent/JP3161087U/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Filters For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】接着部分に要する濾紙原反を減少させることができ、さらに接着剤を使用しないため、接着剤の節減と乾燥時間の省略により、生産性の向上に寄与する電気掃除機用集塵袋を提供する。【解決手段】通気性を有する2枚の濾紙からなる電機掃除機用集塵袋であって、該2枚のうちの少なくとも1枚の少なくとも一部に熱可塑性繊維を含む濾紙が用いられており、該2枚の濾紙が筒状に接着または加熱溶着されており、さらに筒状物の両端が該熱可塑性繊維により加熱溶着されて両端部が閉じられていることを特徴とする電気掃除機用集塵袋。【選択図】図2A dust collection bag for a vacuum cleaner that can reduce the amount of filter paper required for an adhesive part and further reduces productivity and reduces productivity by eliminating the use of an adhesive. I will provide a. An electric vacuum cleaner dust collection bag comprising two filter papers having air permeability, wherein at least a part of at least one of the two sheets uses a filter paper containing thermoplastic fibers. The vacuum filter is characterized in that the two filter papers are bonded or heat-welded in a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the tubular material are heat-welded by the thermoplastic fibers and both ends are closed. Dust bag. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

本考案は、汎用の電気掃除機用の集塵袋に関するものであり、集塵袋の製造に要する濾紙原反量の低減に寄与するとともに生産性の向上にも寄与するものである。   The present invention relates to a dust collecting bag for a general-purpose vacuum cleaner, which contributes to a reduction in the amount of filter paper original fabric required for manufacturing the dust collecting bag and to an improvement in productivity.

従来、電気掃除機用の集塵袋に用いる濾紙として、セルロース系の紙、あるいは熱可塑性の繊維からなる不織布が用いられてきた。それらの改良品として、特にこれら2種類の濾紙を用いて吸引圧力を分散させ集塵効率を向上させる仕様のものも提案されている(特許文献1)。この文献に記載された集塵袋の構成は、中央に掃除機取り付け用の口紙の開口部があり、袋本体は内層と外層の2重の濾紙からなっている。   Conventionally, cellulosic paper or non-woven fabric made of thermoplastic fibers has been used as filter paper used in a dust bag for a vacuum cleaner. As those improved products, there has been proposed a specification that uses these two types of filter papers to disperse the suction pressure and improve the dust collection efficiency (Patent Document 1). The structure of the dust bag described in this document has an opening for a vacuum cleaner attachment at the center, and the bag body is composed of double filter paper of an inner layer and an outer layer.

集塵袋本体の製造方法は、通常、一定幅の濾紙原反をまず筒状となるように両端部を重ね合わせて接着し、そして口紙取り付け用の孔を空け、次に口紙取り付け口が中央となるように筒状物を一定間隔にカットし、さらに筒状物の両端を接着して両端部を閉じ、最後に該口紙取り付け部に口紙を接着する方式で製造されている。
この製造工程において、カット後の両端を接着閉鎖する具体的方法として、端部を2段または3段に折りたたみ、重なり部に接着剤を塗工して乾燥させる多段折りたたみ接着方式が一般に取られている。しかしながら、この多段折りたたみ接着方式では、接着折りたたみ部分にも原反を必要とし、この部分は集塵には全く寄与しないこととなる。
実用新案登録第3127339号公報
The manufacturing method of the dust bag main body is usually a filter paper roll of a certain width, which is first bonded in a cylindrical shape with both ends overlapped, and a hole for attaching a cover is made, and then a cover attachment opening The cylinder is cut at regular intervals so that it becomes the center, and both ends of the cylinder are bonded to close both ends, and finally the cover is attached to the cover attachment part. .
In this manufacturing process, as a specific method for adhesively closing both ends after cutting, a multi-stage folding adhesion method is generally adopted in which the end is folded in two or three steps, and an adhesive is applied to the overlapping portion and dried. Yes. However, in this multi-stage folding and bonding method, an original folding material is required for the adhesive folding portion, and this portion does not contribute to dust collection at all.
Utility Model Registration No. 3127339

本考案は、上記の電気掃除機用の集塵袋の構成において、筒状物をカットした後の両端部を接着封鎖する際に、多段折りたたみに要する濾紙量を低減し、製造コストを下げるとともに、接着を融着に変更することにより生産効率の向上を図るものである。   The present invention reduces the amount of filter paper required for multi-stage folding and lowers the manufacturing cost when adhesively sealing both ends after cutting a cylindrical object in the configuration of the dust bag for the vacuum cleaner described above. The production efficiency is improved by changing the adhesion to fusion.

すなわち本考案は、通気性を有する2枚の濾紙からなる電機掃除機用集塵袋であって、該2枚のうちの少なくとも1枚の少なくとも一部に熱可塑性繊維を含む濾紙が用いられており、該2枚の濾紙が筒状に接着または加熱溶着されており、さらに筒状物の両端が該熱可塑性繊維により加熱溶着されて両端部が閉じられていることを特徴とする電気掃除機用集塵袋である。   That is, the present invention is a dust collection bag for an electric vacuum cleaner comprising two filter papers having air permeability, and filter paper containing thermoplastic fibers is used in at least a part of at least one of the two sheets. A vacuum cleaner characterized in that the two filter papers are bonded or heat-welded in a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the tubular material are heat-welded by the thermoplastic fibers and both ends are closed It is a dust collection bag.

本考案は、従来の多段折りたたみによる接着剤接着方式に替えて、両端を折りたたむことなく単に加熱プレスにより接着する熱融着方式を用いるものであり、これにより、両端封鎖部に用いられる濾紙原反量の低減に寄与し、また接着剤を使用せず乾燥工程も不要なことから、従来方式に比べて生産効率を飛躍的に向上させることができる。   The present invention replaces the conventional adhesive bonding method by multi-stage folding, and uses a heat-sealing method in which both ends are not folded but simply bonded by a heating press. Since it contributes to the reduction of the amount and does not use an adhesive and does not require a drying step, the production efficiency can be dramatically improved as compared with the conventional method.

両端部を接着する前の電気掃除機用集塵袋の一例の斜視図A perspective view of an example of a dust bag for a vacuum cleaner before bonding both ends 本考案の電気掃除機用集塵袋の一例の斜視図The perspective view of an example of the dust bag for vacuum cleaners of the present invention 従来の電気掃除機用集塵袋の斜視図Perspective view of conventional dust bag for vacuum cleaner

以下、本考案の好適な実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
まず、本考案の電気掃除機用集塵袋は、通気性を有する2枚の濾紙からなるものであって、その2枚の濾紙のうち少なくとも1枚の少なくとも一部に熱可塑性繊維を含むものからなり、このような積層濾紙を、図1に示すように筒状に貼り合せる(b)。この際、熱可塑性繊維を含む方の濾紙を内側となるように筒状とする。
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, a dust bag for a vacuum cleaner according to the present invention comprises two filter papers having air permeability, and at least a part of at least one of the two filter papers includes a thermoplastic fiber. The laminated filter paper is laminated in a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 1 (b). At this time, the filter paper containing the thermoplastic fiber is formed into a cylindrical shape so as to be inside.

そして、一定間隔にカットする。カットする際の長さとしては、通常の電気掃除機用集塵袋に用いられているのと同様の長さであり、10〜25cmが一般的である。この時、カットした筒状物には、電気掃除機取り付け用の口紙用の開口部が設けられているが、口紙用の開口部には、カットの前または後、あるいは後述の両端熱圧着処理の後に、口紙(a)を取り付けることができる。図1では、筒状物をカットした後に口紙(a)を取り付けた状態を示している。もちろん、該開口部を設けることも、カットの前であっても後であっても、あるいは両端部を熱圧着封鎖した後であってもよい。   And it cuts at a fixed interval. As the length at the time of cutting, it is the same length as that used for a normal vacuum cleaner dust bag, and is generally 10 to 25 cm. At this time, the cut cylindrical article is provided with an opening for a cover for attaching a vacuum cleaner, but the opening for the cover is either before or after cutting, or after-mentioned both-end heat. After the crimping process, the base (a) can be attached. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the cover (a) is attached after cutting the cylindrical object. Of course, the opening may be provided before or after cutting, or after both ends are sealed by thermocompression bonding.

カットされた筒状物は、図1のように折り目がつけられ、そして、両端部が接着され封鎖される。従来は、両端部を封鎖する方法として、図3に示すように、多段に折りたたみ、そして重なった個所(d)を接着剤にて接着する方式が取られていた。本考案では、図2に示すように、あらかじめ最終製品の幅で両端部をカットし、該両端部を加熱プレスにて加熱圧着し、濾紙原反中に含まれる熱可塑性繊維の溶融により、筒状物の両端部を封鎖する方式が用いられる(c)。このことから、内層の少なくとも両端部となる個所の内面には、熱可塑性繊維が存在していることが必要である。   The cut cylindrical object is creased as shown in FIG. 1, and both ends are bonded and sealed. Conventionally, as a method for sealing both ends, as shown in FIG. 3, a method of folding in multiple stages and bonding the overlapping portions (d) with an adhesive has been adopted. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, both ends are cut in advance with the width of the final product, both ends are heated and pressure-bonded with a hot press, and the thermoplastic fibers contained in the filter paper are melted to form a cylinder. A method of sealing both ends of the shaped material is used (c). For this reason, it is necessary for thermoplastic fibers to be present on the inner surfaces of at least both ends of the inner layer.

両端部の接着の強度は、濾紙中に含まれる熱可塑性繊維の種類と量および加熱圧着条件等により調整することができる。必要な強度としては、実際に集塵袋を掃除機に装着し吸引して、破袋のないレベル以上の強度とすることが必要である。   The strength of adhesion at both ends can be adjusted by the type and amount of thermoplastic fibers contained in the filter paper, the thermocompression bonding conditions, and the like. As a necessary strength, it is necessary to actually attach the dust bag to a vacuum cleaner and suck it so that the strength does not break the bag.

2枚の濾紙からなる原糸を筒状に貼り合せる工程では、従来は接着剤が用いられてきたが、本考案では従来通りの方式を採用してもよいし、また接着剤を用いる方法に替えて加熱圧着する方式の用いてもよい。加熱圧着する方式を用いる場合には、濾紙原反中に含まれる熱可塑性繊維を溶融させて接着することとなる。また、口紙の取り付けは、上記の両端の封鎖工程の前でもよいし、後でもよい。通常は生産効率を考慮して、両端の封鎖工程の後に実施される。   In the process of adhering the two yarns made of filter paper into a cylindrical shape, an adhesive has been used in the past. However, in the present invention, a conventional method may be adopted, or an adhesive may be used. Alternatively, a method of thermocompression bonding may be used. In the case of using the method of thermocompression bonding, the thermoplastic fibers contained in the filter paper raw fabric are melted and bonded. Further, the attachment of the base paper may be performed before or after the above-described sealing process at both ends. Usually, it is carried out after the sealing process at both ends in consideration of production efficiency.

以上のことから、本考案において、内層と外層の2枚の濾紙からなる電機掃除機用集塵袋は、内層側に熱可塑性繊維が含まれている場合が好ましい。
また本考案において、内層用濾紙が、ポリプロピレン製メルトブローン不織布の両側にポリプロピレン製スパンボンド不織布を積層した3層構造不織布からなる場合が好ましい。
From the above, in the present invention, it is preferable that the dust bag for an electric vacuum cleaner composed of two filter papers of the inner layer and the outer layer includes thermoplastic fibers on the inner layer side.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the inner layer filter paper is made of a three-layered nonwoven fabric in which a polypropylene spunbond nonwoven fabric is laminated on both sides of a polypropylene meltblown nonwoven fabric.

また本考案において、外層用濾紙が、天然パルプからなる濾紙である場合が好ましい。さらに本考案において、外層用濾紙が、天然パルプからなる目付30〜70g/cmの濾紙であり、内層用濾紙が、目付2〜10g/cmのポリプロピレン製メルトブローン不織布の両側に目付3〜15g/cmのポリプロピレン製スパンボンド不織布を積層した3層構造不織布である場合が好ましい。 In the present invention, the outer layer filter paper is preferably a filter paper made of natural pulp. Further, in the present invention, the outer layer filter paper is a filter paper made of natural pulp and has a basis weight of 30 to 70 g / cm 2 , and the inner layer filter paper has a basis weight of 3 to 15 g on both sides of a polypropylene meltblown nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 2 to 10 g / cm 2. A case where the nonwoven fabric is a three-layer structure nonwoven fabric obtained by laminating a / cm 2 polypropylene spunbond nonwoven fabric.

また、上記したように本考案において、筒状物の両端が折り畳まれることなく、単に、熱融着により端部閉鎖された構造である場合が好ましい。   Further, as described above, in the present invention, it is preferable that both ends of the cylindrical object are simply folded without being folded by heat fusion.

熱融着性繊維としては特に限定はないが、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン類、ポリエステル類、ナイロン類等が挙げられ、なかでもポリオレフィン(共重合体を含む)が好適例として挙げられる。そして、少なくとも内層の両端部の内側表面は熱融着性繊維により覆われているのが好ましい。そして外層用の濾紙は、該熱融着性繊維を融着させる温度条件下では、溶融或いは分解しない素材からなる場合であるのが好ましい。   Although there is no limitation in particular as a heat-fusible fiber, Polyolefins, such as polyethylene and a polypropylene, polyesters, nylons, etc. are mentioned, Especially, polyolefin (a copolymer is included) is mentioned as a suitable example. And it is preferable that the inner surface of both ends of the inner layer is covered with heat-fusible fibers. The outer layer filter paper is preferably made of a material that does not melt or decompose under the temperature condition for fusing the heat-fusible fiber.

以下に、本考案の電気掃除機用集塵袋の具体例を実施例により説明する。   Below, the specific example of the dust bag for vacuum cleaners of this invention is demonstrated by an Example.

実施例1
図2において、2種類の濾紙原反として、外層に目付け50g/m2のパルプ紙、内層に目付け15g/m2のポリプロピレン製SMS(ポリプロピレン製のメルトブローン不織布層を中央に、その両面をポリプロピレン製のスパンボンド不織布で覆った3層構造不織布)を用いて、接着剤にて接着し筒状物とした。この筒状物を所定の幅にカットし、中央に口紙を取り付ける孔を空けた。所定長さの筒状物の両端の1cm幅部分を加熱プレス機にて溶融圧着して接着した(ポリプロピレン繊維が融着して筒状物の両端部を封鎖接着)。この後、口紙を上記孔に取り付けて集塵袋とした。
この集塵袋を掃除機に装着し、実際吸引を行ったところ、溶融圧着部分の破袋は全くなく良好に使用することができた。
Example 1
In FIG. 2, two types of filter papers are made of pulp paper with an outer layer weight of 50 g / m 2 and an inner layer with a weight of 15 g / m 2 polypropylene SMS (polypropylene meltblown nonwoven fabric layer in the center, both sides made of polypropylene. A three-layer nonwoven fabric covered with a spunbond nonwoven fabric) was adhered with an adhesive to form a cylindrical product. This cylindrical object was cut into a predetermined width, and a hole for attaching a base was made in the center. The 1 cm width portions at both ends of the cylindrical member having a predetermined length were bonded by melt-compression with a hot press (polypropylene fibers were fused and both ends of the cylindrical member were sealed). Thereafter, a mouth paper was attached to the hole to form a dust collection bag.
When this dust bag was attached to a vacuum cleaner and actually sucked, there was no broken bag at the melt-bonded portion, and it could be used satisfactorily.

a:口紙
b:筒状体(両端部未接着)
c:両端融着部
d:両端折りたたみ接着部
a: lip paper b: cylindrical body (both ends unbonded)
c: Fused part at both ends d: Folded adhesive part at both ends

Claims (6)

通気性を有する2枚の濾紙からなる電機掃除機用集塵袋であって、該2枚のうちの少なくとも1枚の少なくとも一部に熱可塑性繊維を含む濾紙が用いられており、該2枚の濾紙が筒状に接着または加熱溶着されており、さらに筒状物の両端が該熱可塑性繊維により加熱溶着されて両端部が閉じられていることを特徴とする電気掃除機用集塵袋。   A dust collection bag for an electric vacuum cleaner comprising two filter papers having air permeability, wherein at least a part of at least one of the two sheets is a filter paper containing thermoplastic fibers, and the two sheets A dust collecting bag for a vacuum cleaner, wherein the filter paper is bonded or heat-welded in a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the tubular material are heat-welded by the thermoplastic fibers and both ends are closed. 内層と外層の2枚の濾紙からなる電機掃除機用集塵袋であって、内層側に熱可塑性繊維が含まれている請求項1に記載の電機掃除機用集塵袋。   The dust bag for an electric vacuum cleaner according to claim 1, wherein the dust bag for an electric vacuum cleaner comprises two filter papers of an inner layer and an outer layer, and thermoplastic fibers are contained on the inner layer side. 内層用濾紙が、ポリプロピレン製メルトブローン不織布の両側にポリプロピレン製スパンボンド不織布を積層した3層構造不織布からなる請求項1または2に記載の電機掃除機用集塵袋。   The dust bag for an electric vacuum cleaner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner layer filter paper comprises a three-layered nonwoven fabric in which a polypropylene spunbond nonwoven fabric is laminated on both sides of a polypropylene meltblown nonwoven fabric. 外層用濾紙が、天然パルプからなる濾紙である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の電機掃除機用集塵袋。   The dust bag for an electric vacuum cleaner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outer layer filter paper is filter paper made of natural pulp. 外層用濾紙が、天然パルプからなる目付30〜70g/cmの濾紙であり、内層用濾紙が、目付2〜10g/cmのポリプロピレン製メルトブローン不織布の両側に目付3〜15g/cmのポリプロピレン製スパンボンド不織布を積層した3層構造不織布である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の電機掃除機用集塵袋。 Outer filter paper is a filter paper having a basis weight 30~70g / cm 2 consisting of natural pulp, inner layer filter paper, on both sides of the polypropylene meltblown nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 2 to 10 g / cm 2 having a basis weight of 3 to 15 g / cm 2 Polypropylene The dust collecting bag for an electric vacuum cleaner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a three-layered nonwoven fabric in which spunbond nonwoven fabrics are laminated. 筒状物の両端が折り畳まれることなく、単に、熱融着により貼り合わせにより端部閉鎖された構造である請求項1に記載の電機掃除機用集塵袋。   2. The dust bag for an electric vacuum cleaner according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the cylindrical object are simply folded and bonded together by heat fusion without being folded at both ends.
JP2010002621U 2010-04-20 2010-04-20 Dust bag for vacuum cleaner Expired - Lifetime JP3161087U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010002621U JP3161087U (en) 2010-04-20 2010-04-20 Dust bag for vacuum cleaner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010002621U JP3161087U (en) 2010-04-20 2010-04-20 Dust bag for vacuum cleaner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP3161087U true JP3161087U (en) 2010-07-22

Family

ID=54864039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2010002621U Expired - Lifetime JP3161087U (en) 2010-04-20 2010-04-20 Dust bag for vacuum cleaner

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3161087U (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2276647C (en) Dust filter bag
JP4644411B2 (en) Improved face mask structure
US10188248B2 (en) Vacuum cleaner filter bag
JPH04180808A (en) Molded filter
JP4748838B2 (en) Thermal adhesive composite sheet
JP5841463B2 (en) Dirt wiping sheet, dirt wiping sheet package, and method for producing dirt wiping sheet
JP3161087U (en) Dust bag for vacuum cleaner
JP2014512212A (en) Vacuum cleaner with vacuum cleaner and bag filter
JP3558290B1 (en) Dust collection filter for vacuum cleaner
JP4357720B2 (en) Dust collection bag for electric vacuum cleaner and electric vacuum cleaner comprising the same
CN211861426U (en) Experimental animals transport case
JP2014168692A (en) Dirt wiping sheet and method for manufacturing the same
JP2001315239A (en) Nonwoven fabric for heat sealing and method of manufacturing the same
JP2610602B2 (en) Manufacturing method of filter media
WO2011074426A1 (en) Simplified filtration device
JP2001171688A (en) Double layer bag
JP3019283U (en) Dust bag for vacuum cleaner
JP7412726B2 (en) Hybrid filtration sheet, raw roll and beverage extraction bag
JPS6329720Y2 (en)
JP2008079905A (en) Dust collection bag for vacuum cleaner
JP4224903B2 (en) filter
JP2000350685A (en) Dust collecting filter for vacuum cleaner
JP3002086U (en) Food packaging bag
JP3068599B1 (en) Dust collection bag for vacuum cleaner
JP3048366U (en) Rice bag

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20100519

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 3161087

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130630

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130630

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140630

Year of fee payment: 4

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

S111 Request for change of ownership or part of ownership

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R323111

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term