JP2919821B2 - How to convert waste into solid fuel - Google Patents
How to convert waste into solid fuelInfo
- Publication number
- JP2919821B2 JP2919821B2 JP9367908A JP36790897A JP2919821B2 JP 2919821 B2 JP2919821 B2 JP 2919821B2 JP 9367908 A JP9367908 A JP 9367908A JP 36790897 A JP36790897 A JP 36790897A JP 2919821 B2 JP2919821 B2 JP 2919821B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solid fuel
- waste
- water
- molding machine
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/20—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring
- B30B11/201—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring for extruding material
- B30B11/207—Feed means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/005—Control arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、紙，プラスチック
等の破砕混合廃棄物を固形燃料化する方法の改良に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a method for converting crushed mixed waste such as paper and plastic into solid fuel.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より紙，プラスチック等の廃棄物を
破砕機で破砕混合し、これを原料ホッパーに一旦貯留
し、ここからスクリューコンベアにより成形機に破砕混
合廃棄物を定量供給し、成形機から押出し成形して固形
燃料化する方法がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste materials such as paper and plastic are crushed and mixed by a crusher, temporarily stored in a raw material hopper, and a crushed mixed waste is quantitatively supplied to a forming machine by a screw conveyor from the crusher. There is a method of extruding a solid fuel into a solid fuel.
【０００３】上記の廃棄物の固形燃料化方法において
は、成形機から押出し成形された固形燃料化製品のかさ
比重が、供給された破砕混合廃棄物の組成成分により変
化する。例えば、融点の低い廃プラスチックを多く含む
破砕混合廃棄物は、熱影響を受け易く、成形機で溶融
し、見掛比重が上がる。また、成形機から押出し成形さ
れる際、乾いた紙は、通過抵抗が大きく、比重の高いペ
レットができる。従って、融点の低い廃プラスチックや
乾いた紙の混合比率が高いと、成形された固形燃料化製
品の比重が上がり、所謂芯が形成され、炉で燃焼した
際、芯に酸素が供給されにくいことから完全燃焼せず、
一部が燃え残り、未燃物が形成されやすかった。[0003] In the above-mentioned method of converting waste into solid fuel, the bulk specific gravity of the solid fuel-converted product extruded from a molding machine changes depending on the composition of the supplied crushed mixed waste. For example, a crushed mixed waste containing a large amount of waste plastic having a low melting point is easily affected by heat, is melted by a molding machine, and its apparent specific gravity increases. Also, when extruded from a molding machine, dry paper has high passage resistance and pellets having a high specific gravity can be formed. Therefore, when the mixing ratio of waste plastic and dry paper having a low melting point is high, the specific gravity of the molded solid fuel product increases, so-called wicks are formed, and oxygen is hardly supplied to the wicks when burned in a furnace. Does not burn completely from
Part was left unburned, and unburned matter was easily formed.
【０００４】そこで本発明者らは、燃え残りが生じる固
形燃料化製品について観察したところ、温度が高く、か
さ比重の大きい固形燃料化製品に燃え残りが多いことを
発見した。そして、固形燃料化製品の温度とかさ比重に
ついて研究したところ、原料である紙，プラスチック等
の破砕混合物に水分を多く含んでいると、温度が低く、
かさ比重の小さい固形燃料化製品が得られ、水分を少な
く含んでいると、温度が高く、かさ比重の大きい固形燃
料化製品が得られることを見い出した。[0004] The inventors of the present invention have observed solid fueled products in which unburned fuel remains, and found that solid fueled products having a high temperature and a large bulk density have a large amount of unburned fuel. When the temperature and bulk specific gravity of the solid fuel products were studied, the temperature was low if the crushed mixture of raw materials such as paper and plastic contained a large amount of moisture,
It has been found that a solid fuel product having a low bulk specific gravity can be obtained, and a solid fuel product having a high temperature and a high bulk specific gravity can be obtained if it contains a small amount of water.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記の点に
着目し、燃え残りが生じないように固形燃料化製品のか
さ比重が適切な値となるように、原料である破砕混合廃
棄物の水分を制御して固形燃料化する方法を提供しよう
とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned points, and provides a crushed mixed waste material as a raw material so that the bulk specific gravity of a solid fuel product becomes an appropriate value so as not to cause unburned residue. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for controlling the water content to produce a solid fuel.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決する廃棄
物の固形燃料化方法は、原料ホッパーから供給された
紙，プラスチック等の破砕混合廃棄物をスクリューコン
ベアにより搬送して成形機に定量供給し、成形機により
破砕混合廃棄物を押出し成形して固形燃料化し、排出コ
ンベアにて搬送排出する廃棄物の固形燃料化方法におい
て、排出コンベアにて搬送される固形燃料化製品の温度
を温度センサにより測定し、制御部に入力し、測定温度
の高低に応じて給水タンクから給水ポンプにて給水する
給水管の途中の制御弁を制御し、給水管先端の散水ノズ
ルから前記スクリューコンベアで搬送される紙，プラス
チック等の破砕混合廃棄物に適宜に散水し、成形機で得
られる固形燃料化製品のかさ比重を制御するようにした
ことを特徴とするものである。According to the present invention, there is provided a method for converting waste into solid fuel, which comprises feeding crushed mixed waste such as paper and plastic supplied from a raw material hopper by a screw conveyor and feeding the solid waste to a molding machine. In a method of extruding and mixing the crushed mixed waste with a molding machine to form a solid fuel and transporting and discharging the waste on a discharge conveyor, the temperature of the solid fueled product conveyed on the discharge conveyor is measured by a temperature sensor. The control valve in the middle of the water supply pipe that supplies water from the water supply tank with the water supply pump according to the level of the measured temperature is controlled by the control unit, and is conveyed by the screw conveyor from the water spray nozzle at the tip of the water supply pipe. Water is appropriately sprinkled on crushed mixed waste such as paper, plastic, etc. to control the bulk specific gravity of the solid fueled product obtained by the molding machine. It is.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の廃棄物の固形燃料化方法
の実施形態を図１によって説明する。紙，プラスチック
等の廃棄物は破砕機で破砕混合された後、一旦原料ホッ
パー１に貯留される。この原料ホッパー１に貯留された
破砕混合廃棄物は、スクリューコンベア２により搬送さ
れ、成形機３に定量供給される。成形機３に供給された
破砕混合廃棄物は、図２に示すように成形機３内の回転
する円環状のダイ４と、該ダイ４の内周面に接して回転
する左右一対のローラ５，５′とにより、ダイ４の円周
上に多数穿設された穴６から押出し成形され、カッター
７にて切断されて円柱状に固形燃料化される。この固形
燃料化製品８は成形機３から排出されて、図１に示され
る排出コンベア９にて搬送され、所要個所に排出され
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the method for converting waste into solid fuel according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Wastes such as paper and plastic are crushed and mixed by a crusher and then temporarily stored in a raw material hopper 1. The crushed mixed waste stored in the raw material hopper 1 is conveyed by the screw conveyor 2 and supplied to the molding machine 3 in a constant amount. As shown in FIG. 2, the crushed mixed waste supplied to the molding machine 3 includes a rotating annular die 4 in the molding machine 3 and a pair of right and left rollers 5 rotating in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the die 4. , 5 ′, are extruded from a large number of holes 6 formed on the circumference of the die 4, cut by a cutter 7, and solidified into a columnar solid fuel. The solid fuel product 8 is discharged from the molding machine 3, conveyed by a discharge conveyor 9 shown in FIG. 1, and discharged to a required location.
【０００８】上記工程の廃棄物の固形燃料化方法におい
て、本発明では排出コンベア９にて搬送される固形燃料
化製品８を途中で温度センサ１０により温度測定し、測
定温度を制御部１１に入力する。制御部１１では測定温
度の高低に応じて給水タンク１２から給水ポンプ１３に
て給水する給水管１４の途中の制御弁１５を制御し、即
ち、測定温度が高い場合、制御弁１５の開度を大きく
し、測定温度が低い場合、制御弁１５の開度が小さく
し、給水管１４の先端の散水ノズル１６から前述のスク
リューコンベア２により搬送される紙，プラスチック等
の破砕混合廃棄物に適宜に散水し、成形機３で得られる
固形燃料化製品８のかさ比重，温度が最適なものとなる
ように、つまり固形燃料化製品８を炉で燃焼した時燃え
残りが生じないように制御する。さらに述べれば、上記
成形機３では、定量供給される破砕混合廃棄物の水分率
が高くなると、成形機３内で発生する破砕混合廃棄物の
攪拌・摩擦熱が水分蒸発，気化熱によって熱が奪われ、
破砕混合廃棄物の温度が低下し、廃プラスチック溶融量
が低下し、バインダー機能も低下するため、押出し成形
時の通過抵抗が減少し、成形性が低下し、比重も低下す
る。この比重が最適な値となるように固形燃料化製品８
の温度を測定し、破砕混合廃棄物に対して適宜に散水す
ることで、炉で燃焼した際、燃え残りが生じない固形燃
料化製品８を得ることができる。In the method for converting waste into a solid fuel in the above process, in the present invention, the temperature of the solid fuel product 8 conveyed by the discharge conveyor 9 is measured by the temperature sensor 10 on the way, and the measured temperature is input to the control unit 11. I do. The control unit 11 controls the control valve 15 in the middle of the water supply pipe 14 for supplying water from the water supply tank 12 by the water supply pump 13 in accordance with the level of the measured temperature. That is, when the measured temperature is high, the opening of the control valve 15 is adjusted. When the temperature is increased and the measurement temperature is low, the opening of the control valve 15 is decreased, and the crushed mixed waste such as paper and plastic conveyed by the screw conveyor 2 from the water spray nozzle 16 at the tip of the water supply pipe 14 is appropriately formed. Water is sprayed, and control is performed so that the bulk specific gravity and the temperature of the solid fueled product 8 obtained by the molding machine 3 are optimized, that is, the unburned residue is not generated when the solid fueled product 8 is burned in a furnace. More specifically, in the molding machine 3, when the moisture content of the crushed mixed waste supplied in a fixed amount increases, the stirring and frictional heat of the crushed mixed waste generated in the molding machine 3 generates heat due to moisture evaporation and heat of vaporization. Robbed,
Since the temperature of the crushed and mixed waste decreases, the amount of waste plastic melted decreases, and the binder function also decreases, the passage resistance during extrusion molding decreases, the moldability decreases, and the specific gravity also decreases. The solid fuel product 8 is set so that the specific gravity becomes an optimum value.
By measuring the temperature of the mixture and appropriately spraying water on the crushed mixed waste, it is possible to obtain a solid fuel product 8 that does not generate unburned residue when burned in a furnace.
【０００９】本発明の廃棄物の固形燃料化方法におい
て、スクリューコンベア２により搬送される紙，プラス
チック等の破砕混合物に対する散水量と、成形機３で押
出し成形された後排出コンベア９で搬送される固形燃料
化製品８の温度とかさ比重との関係についての測定デー
タを下記の表１に示す。In the method for converting waste into a solid fuel according to the present invention, the amount of water sprayed on the crushed mixture of paper, plastic, etc., conveyed by the screw conveyor 2 and extruded by the molding machine 3 and then conveyed by the discharge conveyor 9. Table 1 below shows measurement data on the relationship between the temperature of the solid fueled product 8 and the bulk specific gravity.
【００１０】[0010]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１１】上記測定データから判るように散水量を増
やせば、製品温度は低くなり、かさ比重が小さくなる。
このことから製品温度によりかさ比重が判り、所要のか
さ比重の固形燃料化製品８を得るには成形機３に供給さ
れる破砕混合廃棄物にどの程度散水すればよいかが判
る。従って、固形燃料化製品８の温度に応じて成形機に
供給される破砕混合廃棄物への散水量を制御することに
より、炉で燃焼した際、燃え残りが生じないかさ比重の
固形燃料化製品８が得られる。As can be seen from the above measurement data, if the watering amount is increased, the product temperature will be lower and the bulk specific gravity will be lower.
From this, the bulk specific gravity can be determined from the product temperature, and how much water should be sprayed on the crushed mixed waste supplied to the molding machine 3 to obtain the solid fueled product 8 having the required bulk specific gravity. Therefore, by controlling the amount of water sprayed to the crushed mixed waste supplied to the molding machine according to the temperature of the solid fuel product 8, the solid fuel product having a bulk specific gravity that does not cause unburned residue when burned in a furnace 8 is obtained.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】以上の説明で判るように本発明の廃棄物
の固形燃料化方法は、成形機で押出し成形された固形燃
料化製品の温度を測定し、その温度に応じて成形機に供
給される原料である紙，プラスチック等の破砕混合廃棄
物に散水して、その破砕混合廃棄物の水分を制御するこ
とにより、炉で燃焼した際、燃え残りが生じないかさ比
重の固形燃料化製品を得ることができる。As can be understood from the above description, the method for converting waste into solid fuel according to the present invention measures the temperature of a solid fuel product extruded by a molding machine and supplies it to the molding machine in accordance with the measured temperature. Water is sprayed on crushed mixed waste such as paper and plastic, which is the raw material to be used, and the moisture content of the crushed mixed waste is controlled so that when burnt in a furnace, unburned solid fuel products with a bulk specific gravity are produced. Can be obtained.
【図１】本発明の廃棄物の固形燃料化方法を実施する設
備の概略系統図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of equipment for implementing a method for converting waste into solid fuel according to the present invention.
【図２】図１の設備における成形機の一例を示す概略断
面図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a molding machine in the equipment shown in FIG.
１ 原料ホッパー ２ スクリューコンベア ３ 成形機 ８ 固形燃料化製品 ９ 排出コンベア １０ 温度センサ １１ 制御部 １２ 給水タンク １３ 給水ポンプ １４ 給水管 １５ 制御弁 １６ 散水ノズル Reference Signs List 1 raw material hopper 2 screw conveyor 3 molding machine 8 solid fueled product 9 discharge conveyor 10 temperature sensor 11 control unit 12 water supply tank 13 water supply pump 14 water supply pipe 15 control valve 16 watering nozzle
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平９−310084（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) C10L 5/46 C10L 5/48 B09B 3/00 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── (5) References JP-A-9-310084 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C10L 5/46 C10L 5/48 B09B 3 / 00
Claims (1)
チック等の破砕混合廃棄物をスクリューコンベアにより
搬送して成形機に定量供給し、成形機により破砕混合廃
棄物を押出し成形して固形燃料化し、排出コンベアにて
搬送排出する廃棄物の固形燃料化方法において、排出コ
ンベアにて搬送される固形燃料化製品の温度を温度セン
サにより測定し、制御部に入力し、測定温度の高低に応
じて給水タンクから給水ポンプにて給水する給水管の途
中の制御弁を制御し、給水管先端の散水ノズルから前記
スクリューコンベアで搬送される紙，プラスチック等の
破砕混合廃棄物に適宜に散水し、成形機で得られる固形
燃料化製品のかさ比重を制御するようにしたことを特徴
とする廃棄物の固形燃料化方法。1. A crushed mixed waste, such as paper and plastic, supplied from a raw material hopper is conveyed by a screw conveyor and supplied to a molding machine in a fixed amount, and the crushed mixed waste is extruded and formed into a solid fuel by the molding machine. In the method for converting waste into a solid fuel that is transported and discharged by a discharge conveyor, the temperature of the solid fueled product transported by the discharge conveyor is measured by a temperature sensor, input to the control unit, and water is supplied according to the level of the measured temperature. A control valve in the middle of a water supply pipe for supplying water from a tank by a water supply pump is controlled, and water is appropriately sprayed from a watering nozzle at the tip of the water supply pipe to crushed mixed waste such as paper and plastic conveyed by the screw conveyor. Wherein the bulk specific gravity of the solid fuel product obtained by the method is controlled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9367908A JP2919821B2 (en) | 1997-12-26 | 1997-12-26 | How to convert waste into solid fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9367908A JP2919821B2 (en) | 1997-12-26 | 1997-12-26 | How to convert waste into solid fuel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11189779A JPH11189779A (en) | 1999-07-13 |
| JP2919821B2 true JP2919821B2 (en) | 1999-07-19 |
Family
ID=18490508
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9367908A Expired - Fee Related JP2919821B2 (en) | 1997-12-26 | 1997-12-26 | How to convert waste into solid fuel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2919821B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100506404C (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2009-07-01 | 张维田 | Treating process and system for garbage incinerated ash |
| MY154398A (en) | 2006-07-26 | 2015-06-15 | Miike Tekkou Kabushikigaisha | Solidification processing method and solidification processing apparatus |
| JP6686949B2 (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2020-04-22 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Granulation product manufacturing method |
-
1997
- 1997-12-26 JP JP9367908A patent/JP2919821B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11189779A (en) | 1999-07-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1070108A (en) | Method and apparatus for recovering by-products silt fine from a slurry thereof | |
| JP2919821B2 (en) | How to convert waste into solid fuel | |
| JP6302193B2 (en) | A method for drying raw wood for manufacturing wood pellets and a wood pellet manufacturing apparatus including a drying process to which this drying method is applied | |
| JP2005111847A (en) | Volume reducing granulation method for waste plastics and apparatus therefor | |
| US6508965B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for the production of paper products | |
| CN105713698A (en) | Method for recovering landscaping waste | |
| JP3205042B2 (en) | Method for producing solid fuel and solid fuel produced thereby | |
| JP3385184B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of cement | |
| JP2964399B2 (en) | Recycled paper pellets, recycled paper pellet granulation method, and recycled paper pellet pelletizer | |
| JPH09169028A (en) | Paper pellet and granulation thereof | |
| JP2001280614A (en) | Waste processing apparatus | |
| JP2018008251A (en) | Method for preventing adhesion of article to be dried in band-type drier and band-type drier | |
| JP6219605B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing biomass and plastic-containing solid fuel | |
| EP0123570A1 (en) | Production of an organic soil additive, and products so obtained | |
| KR100264179B1 (en) | Incinerated ashes or dusts solidification machine | |
| JP3359458B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of foam material using "Bran" and polypropylene as main raw materials | |
| JPH08112579A (en) | Method and equipment for disposal of trash | |
| JP2001220589A (en) | Bulked material which surface contains synthetic resin and is melted-solidified and its preparation process | |
| JPH07242889A (en) | Method for producing solid fuel | |
| JPS63226511A (en) | Operation controller for fluidized-bed combustion device | |
| JP3139265B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing solid fuel | |
| JPH07256644A (en) | Device for volume-reducing and solidifying waste constaining waste plastic material | |
| JPH1029222A (en) | Environment-friendly type injection molded body and its manufacture | |
| JP3051565B2 (en) | Waste incineration ash firing method | |
| JPS6023478A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing artificial charcoal |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080423 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080423 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080423 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090423 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090423 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100423 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110423 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120423 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120423 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130423 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130423 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140423 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150423 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |