JP2717856B2 - Method and apparatus for producing diamond-like thin film - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing diamond-like thin film

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Publication number
JP2717856B2
JP2717856B2 JP17900889A JP17900889A JP2717856B2 JP 2717856 B2 JP2717856 B2 JP 2717856B2 JP 17900889 A JP17900889 A JP 17900889A JP 17900889 A JP17900889 A JP 17900889A JP 2717856 B2 JP2717856 B2 JP 2717856B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
diamond
thin film
grid
substrate
producing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP17900889A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0345595A (en
Inventor
正典 柴原
正俊 中山
国博 上田
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TDK Corp
Original Assignee
TDK Corp
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Priority to JP17900889A priority Critical patent/JP2717856B2/en
Priority to US07/547,736 priority patent/US5185067A/en
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、ダイヤモンド様薄膜の製造方法に関し、特
に表面性の良い優れたダイヤモンド様薄膜を製造する技
術に関する。
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a diamond-like thin film, and more particularly to a technique for producing a diamond-like thin film having excellent surface properties.

気相法により製造されるダイヤモンド様薄膜は硬度が
高く、耐摩耗性、耐久性、耐薬品性、耐食性等に優れて
おり、また任意形状の物品に被着できるため、こうした
特性の一つ以上が必要な物品の保護膜として有用であ
り、あるいは有望視されている。
Diamond-like thin films produced by the vapor phase method have high hardness, excellent wear resistance, durability, chemical resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., and can be applied to articles of any shape, so one or more of these characteristics Is useful as a protective film for articles that require it, or is considered promising.

(従来技術とその問題点) 気相法によるダイヤモンド様薄膜製造装置には各種の
形式がある(例えば「表面化学」第5巻第108号(1984
年)第108−115頁の各種の方法参照)。ダイヤモンド様
薄膜は任意形状の保護すべき物品の表面に被覆され、耐
食性、耐摩耗性などの保護膜として広く利用される。し
かしこれらの従来技術によって製造されたダイヤモンド
様薄膜は微結晶の集まりであるため凹凸が激しく表面粗
度が大きい。このようなダイヤモンド様薄膜は基体に対
する結合力が小さくて外力の作用で基体から剥離し易
く、又内部応力のために割れ(クラック)を生じ易く、
耐食性、耐摩耗性の用途に充分に効果を発揮出来ない
し、又電子材料、構造材用等に使用するには信頼性が低
いなどの問題があった。特に硬度の高い膜ほど表面性が
低下する傾向がある。更に表面粗度が大きいと接着剤や
塗料との親和性に欠けることになる。
(Prior art and its problems) There are various types of diamond-like thin film manufacturing apparatuses by a vapor phase method (for example, "Surface Chemistry" Vol. 5, No. 108 (1984)
Years) See various methods on pages 108-115). The diamond-like thin film is coated on the surface of an article of any shape to be protected, and is widely used as a protective film such as corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance. However, since the diamond-like thin films manufactured by these conventional techniques are aggregates of microcrystals, they have severe irregularities and large surface roughness. Such a diamond-like thin film has a small bonding force to the substrate, is easily peeled off from the substrate by the action of an external force, and is liable to crack due to internal stress.
There is a problem that the effect cannot be sufficiently exerted for the use of corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and the reliability is low when used for electronic materials and structural materials. Particularly, a film having a higher hardness tends to have a lower surface property. Further, if the surface roughness is large, the affinity for an adhesive or a paint is lacking.

従来の方法のうち、長距離秩序があり、比較的連続性
及び平滑性が良いダイヤモンド又はダイヤモンド様薄膜
の製造法としてイオン化蒸着法があるが(特開昭59−17
4507号、特願昭63−59376号(特願平1−234396号)、
特願昭63−59377号(特開平1−234397号)、特願平1
−1199号(特開平2−184595号)、特願平1−15093号
(特開平2−196095号)等)、微視的にはいまだ充分に
連続な或は平滑な膜を得ることが出来ていない。
Among the conventional methods, there is an ionization vapor deposition method as a method for producing diamond or a diamond-like thin film having long-range order and relatively good continuity and smoothness (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-17 / 1984)
No. 4507, Japanese Patent Application No. 63-59376 (Japanese Patent Application No. 1-234396),
Japanese Patent Application No. 63-59377 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-234397), Japanese Patent Application No. 1
-1199 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-184595), Japanese Patent Application No. 1-15093 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-196095), and the like. Microscopically, a sufficiently continuous or smooth film can be obtained. Not.

(発明の目的) 本発明の目的は、割れ(クラック)が無く、しかも表
面性の良い優れたダイヤモンド様薄膜を提供することに
ある。本発明はこの目的を達成するダイヤモンド様薄膜
製造方法を提供する。
(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a diamond-like thin film having no cracks and excellent surface properties. The present invention provides a method for producing a diamond-like thin film which achieves this object.

(発明の構成及び効果の概要) 本発明者は鋭意研究の結果、イオン化蒸着法による膜
の表面性がグリッドの存在により阻害されていることを
見出した。すなわち、炭化水素イオンの直進路上にグリ
ッドのワイヤ等の障害物があるときには、基体上に形成
されるダイヤモンド状薄膜の膜厚は薄くなる傾向があ
り、グリッドの隙間の間に相当する基体面では膜厚は厚
くなる傾向がある。
(Summary of Configuration and Effect of the Invention) As a result of earnest study, the present inventor has found that the surface properties of a film formed by the ionized deposition method are hindered by the presence of the grid. That is, when there is an obstacle such as a grid wire on the straight path of the hydrocarbon ions, the thickness of the diamond-like thin film formed on the substrate tends to be thin, and the substrate surface corresponding to the space between the grids has a small thickness. The film thickness tends to be thick.

本発明ではグリッドの空間率割合を制御することによ
りダイヤモンド薄膜の表面性を改善し、膜を均一連続化
することにより、基体との結合性のみならず、接着剤等
への結合性をも向上させる。
In the present invention, the surface property of the diamond thin film is improved by controlling the porosity ratio of the grid, and the uniformity of the film is improved, thereby improving not only the bonding property with the substrate but also the bonding property with an adhesive or the like. Let it.

すなわち、本発明は、真空室内に低分子量炭化水素、
又は分解又は反応により低分子量炭化水素を生成し得る
原料ガスを導入し、熱陰極フィラメントとその周りに設
けられた対陰極とよりなるイオン化手段により電離して
炭化水素イオンの流れを形成し、これを前記対陰極より
も低電位にあるグリッドにより加速して基体上で成膜反
応させる、ダイヤモンド様薄膜の製造方法及び製造装置
において、前記グリッドは次ぎの条件 20<25.4mm当りの穴の数<120 20%<空間率<80% を満足する穴密度及び空間率を有することを特徴とする
ダイヤモンド様薄膜の製造方法である。
That is, the present invention provides a low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon in a vacuum chamber,
Alternatively, a raw material gas capable of producing a low molecular weight hydrocarbon by decomposition or reaction is introduced, and ionization is performed by an ionization means including a hot cathode filament and a counter cathode provided therearound to form a flow of hydrocarbon ions, Is accelerated by a grid having a lower potential than that of the counter electrode to cause a film-forming reaction on the substrate, and the grid is formed under the following conditions: 20 <the number of holes per 25.4 mm < 120 This is a method for producing a diamond-like thin film having a hole density and a void ratio satisfying 20% <void ratio <80%.

本発明によると、表面性が良く、基体への結合力が大
きく、又表面が接着剤に対して良く親和すると共に、耐
久性、耐食性、割れ等の問題がないダイヤモンド様薄膜
を製造することが出来た。
According to the present invention, it is possible to produce a diamond-like thin film having good surface properties, a large bonding force to a substrate, a surface having a good affinity for an adhesive, and having no problems of durability, corrosion resistance, cracking and the like. done.

なお、グリッドと基体との距離Bが2<B<30(mm)
の関係を満足し、又好ましくはこのほかに対陰極と基体
との距離をAとし、前記対陰極と基体との間の印加電圧
(対陰極は基体に対して正)をVaとするとき、 5<Va/A<60(V/mm) の条件を満足するならば更に好ましい結果が達成出来る
ことが分かった。
Note that the distance B between the grid and the base is 2 <B <30 (mm)
And preferably, the distance between the counter-cathode and the substrate is A, and the applied voltage between the counter-cathode and the substrate (the cathode is positive with respect to the substrate) is Va, It has been found that more preferable results can be achieved if the condition of 5 <Va / A <60 (V / mm) is satisfied.

なお、必要に応じて、基体とダイヤモンド様薄膜形成
用イオン流を制御するグリッドの間に設けるマスクを基
体の表面から一定距離に位置付けると膜の周部が外周に
向けて薄くなり内部応力を更に緩和できる。
If necessary, if a mask provided between the substrate and the grid for controlling the ion flow for forming a diamond-like thin film is positioned at a certain distance from the surface of the substrate, the peripheral portion of the film becomes thinner toward the outer periphery and the internal stress is further reduced. Can be relaxed.

本発明の方法によると、ダイヤモンド様薄膜の表面粗
度が小さくなり、割れが減少し、更に充分に高い硬度を
得ることが出来る。
According to the method of the present invention, the surface roughness of the diamond-like thin film is reduced, cracks are reduced, and sufficiently high hardness can be obtained.

(発明の具体的な説明) 上に簡単に述べたように、本発明の方法はイオン化蒸
着法によるダイヤモンド様薄膜製造法である。
(Specific Description of the Invention) As briefly described above, the method of the present invention is a method for producing a diamond-like thin film by ionization vapor deposition.

イオン化蒸着法は炭化水素原料ガス又は分解又は反応
により炭化水素を生成し得る原料ガス(ここに炭化水素
とはメタン、エタン、プロパン等の飽和炭化水素、エチ
レン、プロピレン、アセチレン等の不飽和炭化水素等が
あり、分解して炭化水素を生成し得る原料ガスはメチル
アルコール、エチルアルコール等のアルコール類、アセ
トン、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン類などがあり、又
反応して炭化水素ガスを生成する原料ガスには一酸化炭
素、二酸化炭素と水素との混合ガス等がある。また前記
原料にはヘリウム、ネオン、アルゴン等の希ガスあるい
は水素、酸素、窒素、水、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、等
の少なくとも一種を含ませることができる)を陰極−対
陰極間のアーク放電、陰極熱フィラメント−対陰極間の
熱電子放出によるイオン化等の手段でイオン化してイオ
ン流とし、この流れを電場で加速して基体に差し向ける
ことによりダイヤモンド様薄膜を製膜する方法であり、
特開昭58−174507号、特願昭63−59376号、特願昭63−5
9377号、特願平1−1199号、特願平1−15093号等に記
載されている通り、イオン化蒸着法は基体温度として従
来のような700℃以上の高温度を用いる必要がなく(例
えば「表面化学」第5巻第108号(1984年)第108−115
頁の各種の方法参照)、製膜能率も良く、製膜されたダ
イヤモンド様膜が良好な表面性、高硬度、高熱伝導性、
高屈折率を有し、仕上表面処理が不要である等、優れた
方法である。
In the ionization deposition method, a hydrocarbon raw material gas or a raw material gas capable of generating a hydrocarbon by decomposition or reaction (here, hydrocarbon is a saturated hydrocarbon such as methane, ethane, and propane, and an unsaturated hydrocarbon such as ethylene, propylene, and acetylene) Source gases that can be decomposed to produce hydrocarbons include alcohols such as methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol, and ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. Is a mixed gas of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, etc. The raw material is a rare gas such as helium, neon, argon, or at least hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc. One kind can be included) by the arc discharge between the cathode and the cathode, and the bombardment due to thermionic emission between the cathode hot filament and the cathode. Ionized by means of emission and the like as an ion current, a method of forming a film of diamond-like carbon film by directing to the substrate to accelerate the flow field,
JP-A-58-174507, Japanese Patent Application No. 63-59376, Japanese Patent Application No. 63-5
As described in Japanese Patent Application No. 9377, Japanese Patent Application No. 1-1199, Japanese Patent Application No. 1-15093, etc., the ionization vapor deposition method does not need to use a high temperature of 700 ° C. or more as a conventional substrate temperature (for example, "Surface Chemistry" Vol.5 No.108 (1984) 108-115
See various methods on page), the film forming efficiency is good, and the formed diamond-like film has good surface properties, high hardness, high thermal conductivity,
It is an excellent method, such as having a high refractive index and requiring no finishing surface treatment.

本発明の基本技術であるイオン化蒸着法は、特願昭63
−59377号、特願昭63−59376号、特願平1−1199号、、
特願平1−15093号等に記載されており、本発明の実施
例ではこれらに記載された装置を基本とした方法及び装
置を用いる。
The ionization deposition method, which is the basic technology of the present invention, is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application
No. -59377, Japanese Patent Application No. 63-59376, Japanese Patent Application No. 1-1199,
It is described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-15093, etc., and in the embodiments of the present invention, a method and an apparatus based on the apparatus described therein are used.

(実施例の説明) 製膜装置の概要 第1図に製膜装置の好ましい例を示す。図中30は真空
容器、31はチャンバーであり、排気系38に接続されて10
-6Torr程度までの高真空に引かれる。32は基体Sの裏面
に設けられた電極である。基体Sの表面に近接又は接触
してダイヤモンド様薄膜の形状を規制する窓を有するマ
スク42が設けられる。このマスクは基体に接していても
良いがなるべくは離間している。33は基体と同一の電位
−Vaを与えられたグリッドでイオンの加速を行なうのに
使用される。34は熱陰極フィラメントであり、交流電源
Ifによって加熱されて熱電子を発生する。35は原料であ
る炭化水素ガスの供給口である。フィラメント34を取囲
んで対電極36が配置されている。この対電極は、フィラ
メントに対して正の電圧Vd、及び電極32及びグリッド33
に対して正の電位Vaを与えられている。フィラメント3
4、アノード36及び供給口35の周りを取り囲んでイオン
化ガスの閉じ込め用の磁界を発生する様に電源Vcからの
電流Icによって付勢される電磁コイル39が配置されてい
る。従ってVd、Va及びコイルの電流Icを調整することに
より膜質を変えることができる。
(Description of Example) Outline of Film Forming Apparatus FIG. 1 shows a preferred example of a film forming apparatus. In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes a vacuum vessel, 31 denotes a chamber, which is connected to an exhaust system 38, and 10
It is drawn to a high vacuum of about -6 Torr. Reference numeral 32 denotes an electrode provided on the back surface of the base S. A mask 42 having a window which is in proximity to or in contact with the surface of the substrate S to regulate the shape of the diamond-like thin film is provided. This mask may be in contact with the substrate, but is preferably separated. Reference numeral 33 is used for accelerating ions in a grid provided with the same potential -Va as the substrate. 34 is a hot cathode filament, which is an AC power supply
It is heated by If to generate thermoelectrons. Reference numeral 35 denotes a supply port for a hydrocarbon gas as a raw material. A counter electrode 36 is arranged around the filament 34. This counter electrode has a positive voltage Vd with respect to the filament, and an electrode 32 and grid 33.
Is supplied with a positive potential Va. Filament 3
4. An electromagnetic coil 39 energized by a current Ic from a power supply Vc is arranged so as to surround the anode 36 and the supply port 35 and generate a magnetic field for confining the ionized gas. Therefore, the film quality can be changed by adjusting Vd, Va and the coil current Ic.

第3図は第1図のA−A線から見た平面斜視図であ
り、膜の形が長方形の場合には例えば図示のような複数
フィラメントの配列体を用いるとか、コイル状に巻いた
ものを用いる。
FIG. 3 is a plan perspective view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. When the shape of the film is rectangular, for example, an array of a plurality of filaments as shown in FIG. Is used.

なお第1図においては、炭化水素ガスの原料導入通路
37にプラズマ励起室37′が設けられており、これにより
イオン化装置の効率を高めている。プラズマ励起は例え
ばマイクロ波、高周波(RF波)、放射線、紫外線などが
利用できる。
In FIG. 1, a raw material introduction passage for hydrocarbon gas is shown.
37 is provided with a plasma excitation chamber 37 ', which increases the efficiency of the ionizer. For the plasma excitation, for example, microwave, high frequency (RF wave), radiation, ultraviolet light and the like can be used.

また、第2図に示したように第1図の構成の一部を変
更して固定又は可変強度の磁石40をフィラメント34の上
部に配置してプラズマ状のイオンビームの偏向用に用い
ても良い。磁石40の磁界強度は固定又は可変にし、磁石
の磁界はイオン流の走行方向に対して交差する方向にす
る。このようにしてCH3 +、CH4 +イオン等の所望するイオ
ンに対して偏向角度θを得る。固定の場合一方、質量が
これらのイオンと大きく異なるイオン例えば水素イオン
はさらに大きく曲げられ、また中性粒子や重質の多量体
イオンは直進する。従って、直進方向にマスクを配置す
れば結晶性の高いイオンのみが基体Sに付着する。
Also, as shown in FIG. 2, a part of the configuration shown in FIG. 1 may be modified and a fixed or variable strength magnet 40 may be disposed above the filament 34 and used for deflecting a plasma-like ion beam. good. The magnetic field strength of the magnet 40 is fixed or variable, and the magnetic field of the magnet is in a direction crossing the traveling direction of the ion flow. In this manner, the deflection angle θ is obtained with respect to desired ions such as CH 3 + and CH 4 + ions. On the other hand, in the case of fixation, ions whose masses are significantly different from these ions, for example, hydrogen ions, are further bent, and neutral particles and heavy multimeric ions go straight. Therefore, if the mask is arranged in the straight traveling direction, only ions having high crystallinity adhere to the substrate S.

グリッドの構造 次ぎに本発明の特徴であるグリッドの構造について説
明する。グリッドにはいろいろな構造のものがあるが、
典型的には金属線材を格子状に編んだ網、こうして編ん
だ網を更に一対の金属ロールの間に通して圧延したも
の、更に一枚の金属板にエッチングで丸又は角穴を開け
たもの、等がある。本発明者らの実験によると、これら
のグリッドの穴密度(1インチ当りの数)と空間率(グ
リッドの単位面積あたりの穴の面積)を同時に適正に選
定すると製造されたダイヤモンド薄膜の連続性が良くな
り又表面粗度が大幅に減じることが分かった。すなわ
ち、25.4mm当りの穴の数が20より大きく120未満、空間
率が20%より大きく80%未満という条件と同時に満足す
るとき成膜速度を犠牲にしないで表面粗度の目立ったた
低下、表面性の改善、基体への結合力の向上が達成出来
る。
Next, the structure of the grid, which is a feature of the present invention, will be described. There are various types of grids,
Typically, a mesh formed by woven metal wire into a lattice, a woven mesh passed through a pair of metal rolls and rolled, and a metal plate with a round or square hole etched , Etc. According to experiments performed by the present inventors, when the hole density (the number per inch) and the void ratio (the area of the holes per unit area of the grid) of these grids are simultaneously and appropriately selected, the continuity of the manufactured diamond thin film is determined. And the surface roughness was significantly reduced. That is, when the number of holes per 25.4 mm is more than 20 and less than 120, and the porosity is more than 20% and less than 80%, the surface roughness is markedly reduced without sacrificing the film formation speed, It is possible to achieve an improvement in surface properties and an improvement in bonding strength to a substrate.

穴密度が小さすぎると表面粗度が大きくなる。一方穴
密度が大きすぎ表面粗度は低下するが成膜速度が低下
し、硬度及び基体に対する接着性が低下する。空間率は
小さすぎても大きすぎても表面粗度が大きくなり、接着
性も低下する。
If the hole density is too low, the surface roughness increases. On the other hand, the hole density is too large and the surface roughness is reduced, but the film forming rate is reduced, and the hardness and the adhesion to the substrate are reduced. If the porosity is too small or too large, the surface roughness increases, and the adhesiveness also decreases.

なお、第4図に示す様にグリッド33は基体Sから距離
Bのところに配置され、対陰極36は基体Sから距離Aの
ところに配置され基体に対して正電位Vaにあるが、好ま
しくは、距離Bは2<B<30(mm)及び(又は)電位Va
は5<Va/A<60(V/mm)を満足するならば膜の均一化と
表面性の改善に更に効果がある。Va/Aは系近電界を意味
し、この値範囲内で炭化水素イオンのエネルギーが高す
ぎないためイオン流がグリッドを通り抜けてから良く回
折し膜の表面性が向上する一方、余り低くないため膜の
硬度が充分に高くなる。基体とグリッドの間隙が余り大
きく無い範囲で適度に大きければ異常放電が抑制され、
同時にイオン流がグリッドを通り抜けてから良く回折す
ることにより膜の均一化が一応行なえる。そのため、硬
度が充分高く、膜質も均一且つ連続性なものとなりこの
ため、表面粗度も小さくなり、割れも減じる。
As shown in FIG. 4, the grid 33 is disposed at a distance B from the substrate S, and the counter electrode 36 is disposed at a distance A from the substrate S and is at a positive potential Va with respect to the substrate. And the distance B is 2 <B <30 (mm) and / or the potential Va
If satisfies 5 <Va / A <60 (V / mm), it is more effective for uniformity of the film and improvement of surface properties. Va / A means the near electric field of the system.Because the energy of hydrocarbon ions is not too high within this value range, the ion flow is well diffracted after passing through the grid and the surface properties of the film are improved, but not too low. The hardness of the film becomes sufficiently high. If the gap between the substrate and the grid is not too large, if it is moderately large, abnormal discharge is suppressed,
At the same time, the ion flow is well diffracted after passing through the grid, so that the film can be made uniform. Therefore, the hardness is sufficiently high, and the film quality is uniform and continuous, so that the surface roughness is reduced and cracks are reduced.

なお、マスク42を基体Sから一定寸法離間させると基
体上に析出成長するダイヤモンド様薄膜のエッジに傾斜
部分を形成し周部の内部応力を更に緩和させることが出
来る。基板とマスクの間隙は例えば約2〜30mmとすれば
良い。
When the mask 42 is separated from the substrate S by a predetermined distance, an inclined portion is formed at the edge of the diamond-like thin film deposited and grown on the substrate, and the internal stress in the peripheral portion can be further reduced. The gap between the substrate and the mask may be, for example, about 2 to 30 mm.

製膜方法 第1図の装置によって製膜方法を詳しく説明する。先
ず、チャンバー31内を10-6Torrまで高真空とし、ガス供
給通路37のバルブを操作して所定流量のメタンガス、そ
れと水素との混合ガス、或いはそれとAr、He、Ne等のキ
ャリアガス等を各供給口35から導入しながら排気系38を
調整して所定のガス圧例えば10-1Torrとする。一方、熱
陰極フイラメント34には交流電流Ifを流して加熱し、フ
イラメント34と対陰極36の間には電位差Vdを印加して放
電を形成する。供給口35から供給されたメタンガスは熱
分解されるとともにフィラメントからの熱電子と衝突し
てプラスのイオンと電子を生じる。この電子は別の熱分
解粒子と衝突する。電磁コイルの磁界による閉じ込め作
用の下に、このような現象を繰り返すことによりメタン
ガスは熱分解物質のプラスイオンと成る。
1. Film forming method The film forming method will be described in detail with reference to the apparatus shown in FIG. First, the inside of the chamber 31 is set to a high vacuum up to 10 -6 Torr, and a valve of the gas supply passage 37 is operated to supply a predetermined flow rate of methane gas, a mixed gas thereof and hydrogen, or a carrier gas such as Ar, He, Ne or the like. The exhaust system 38 is adjusted while being introduced from each supply port 35 to a predetermined gas pressure, for example, 10 -1 Torr. On the other hand, an alternating current If is passed through the hot cathode filament 34 to heat it, and a potential difference Vd is applied between the filament 34 and the counter electrode 36 to form a discharge. The methane gas supplied from the supply port 35 is thermally decomposed and collides with thermoelectrons from the filament to generate positive ions and electrons. This electron collides with another pyrolysis particle. By repeating such a phenomenon under the confinement effect of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil, methane gas becomes a positive ion of a pyrolysis substance.

プラスイオンは電極32、グリッド34に印加された負電
位Vaにより引き寄せられ、基体Sの方へ向けて加速さ
れ、基体に衝突して製膜反応を行ない、ダイヤモンド様
薄膜を形成する。所望により、上に述べた固定磁石を利
用して更に品質の良い薄膜を得ることができる。
The positive ions are attracted by the negative potential Va applied to the electrode 32 and the grid 34, accelerated toward the substrate S, collide with the substrate, and perform a film forming reaction to form a diamond-like thin film. If desired, a higher quality thin film can be obtained using the fixed magnet described above.

なお、各部の電位、電流、温度等の条件については上
に述べた条件の他、先に引用した特許出願や特許公報の
ほか公知の資料を参照されたい。
For the conditions such as the potential, current, and temperature of each part, refer to the above-mentioned conditions, the above-cited patent applications and patent publications, and other known materials.

形成する膜の厚さは好ましくは100〜10,000Åであ
り、厚さが上記の範囲よりも薄いと耐摩耗性等の効果が
減じ又厚すぎても効果が増大せず製造時間が長くなる。
The thickness of the film to be formed is preferably 100 to 10,000 °, and if the thickness is smaller than the above range, the effects such as abrasion resistance are reduced. If the thickness is too large, the effect is not increased and the production time is increased.

また、予め有機溶剤による超音波洗浄等によりダイヤ
モンド様膜を形成する基体を清浄化しても良い。
Further, the substrate on which the diamond-like film is formed may be cleaned in advance by ultrasonic cleaning with an organic solvent or the like.

以下に本発明を例示する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be exemplified.

実施例1 第1図の装置を使用し、真空室10内に板状基体Sをの
配置し、その面から距離約6.0mmのところにグリッド33
を配置した。又基体Sから対陰極までの距離は約40mmで
あった。グリッド33の穴密度は15〜140個/25.4mm、空間
率は31〜62%であった。
Example 1 Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a plate-like substrate S was placed in a vacuum chamber 10 and a grid 33 was placed at a distance of about 6.0 mm from the surface thereof.
Was placed. The distance from the substrate S to the opposite cathode was about 40 mm. The hole density of the grid 33 was 15 to 140 holes / 25.4 mm, and the porosity was 31 to 62%.

真空室10を10-6Torrに排気してからメタンガスを導入
してガス圧を10-1Torrとして熱陰極フィラメント34に放
電を起こさせた。電磁コイル19の磁束密度は400ガウ
ス、基体電圧Va−300V、基体温度200℃とした。またフ
ィラメント34には電流If25Aを流した。
After evacuating the vacuum chamber 10 to 10 -6 Torr, methane gas was introduced to set the gas pressure at 10 -1 Torr, and discharge was caused in the hot cathode filament 34. The magnetic flux density of the electromagnetic coil 19 was 400 Gauss, the substrate voltage Va-300V, and the substrate temperature was 200 ° C. A current If25A was passed through the filament.

フィラメント34はコイル状としその幅3mm、その周り
を取り囲む電極36との隙間8mmとした。
The filament 34 was coil-shaped and had a width of 3 mm and a gap of 8 mm with the electrode 36 surrounding the filament.

Vc=30V、Vd=30Vの条件で、膜厚1.0μmのダイヤモ
ンド様膜を得た。
Under conditions of Vc = 30 V and Vd = 30 V, a diamond-like film having a thickness of 1.0 μm was obtained.

得られた膜の表面粗度Ra(JIS、B0601による)、成膜
速度、顕微鏡観察による表面欠陥数、接着性、及びビッ
カース硬度Hvを測定しした。その結果を表1に示す。欠
陥数は光学顕微鏡(400倍)で観察し、単位平方cmあた
りに存在した2μm以上の欠陥数で評価した。又接着性
は1cm角長さ10cmの角柱とダイヤモンド様膜薄膜をエポ
キシ樹脂で接着し、引張試験機(テンシロン・・商品
名)で引張って剥離させた。角柱と接着剤の界面での剥
離を○、喪ダイヤモンド膜と基体の界面での剥離を×と
した。
The surface roughness Ra (according to JIS, B0601), film forming speed, number of surface defects by microscopic observation, adhesiveness, and Vickers hardness Hv of the obtained film were measured. Table 1 shows the results. The number of defects was observed with an optical microscope (400 times) and evaluated based on the number of defects of 2 μm or more per unit square cm. The adhesiveness was such that a prism having a length of 1 cm square and a length of 10 cm and a diamond-like thin film were adhered with an epoxy resin, and then peeled off with a tensile tester (Tensilon.TM.). The peeling at the interface between the prism and the adhesive was evaluated as ○, and the peeling at the interface between the mourning diamond film and the substrate was evaluated as ×.

(作用効果) 表1から明らかな様に、本発明の基体上に成膜された
ダイヤモンド様薄膜はグリッド構造を調整することによ
り、表面性の良い、硬度の高い、接着性のよい、割れの
少ないダイヤモンド様薄膜を製造することが出来た。
(Effects) As is apparent from Table 1, the diamond-like thin film formed on the substrate of the present invention has good surface properties, high hardness, good adhesiveness, A small number of diamond-like thin films could be produced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図は本発明のダイヤモンド様薄膜の製造装置の一例
を示す断面図、第2図はダイヤモンド様薄膜の製造装置
の他の例を示す断面図、第3図はフィラメント部分の構
造を示す平面斜視図、及び第4図は第1図の一部を示す
第1図の装置の部分拡大図である。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the apparatus for producing a diamond-like thin film of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the apparatus for producing a diamond-like thin film, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view and FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 showing a part of FIG.

Claims (5)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】真空室内に低分子量炭化水素、又は分解又
は反応により低分子量炭化水素を生成し得る原料ガスを
導入し、熱陰極フィラメントとその周りに設けられた対
電極とよりなるイオン化手段により電離して炭化水素イ
オンの流れを形成し、これを前記対陰極よりも低電位に
あるグリッドにより加速して基体上で成膜反応させる、
ダイヤモンド様薄膜の製造方法において、前記グリッド
は次ぎの条件 20<25.4mm当りの穴の数<120 20%<空間率<80% を満足する穴密度及び空間率を有することを特徴とする
ダイヤモンド様薄膜の製造方法。
1. A low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon or a raw material gas capable of producing a low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon by decomposition or reaction is introduced into a vacuum chamber, and ionized means comprising a hot cathode filament and a counter electrode provided therearound is used. Forming a stream of hydrocarbon ions by ionization, accelerating this by a grid at a lower potential than the counter cathode and causing a film-forming reaction on the substrate,
In the method for producing a diamond-like thin film, the grid has a hole density and a void ratio satisfying the following condition: 20 <the number of holes per 25.4 mm <120 20% <the void ratio <80%. Manufacturing method of thin film.
【請求項2】グリッドと基体との距離Bが2<B<30
(mm)の関係を満足する前記第1項記載のダイヤモンド
様薄膜の製造方法。
2. The distance B between the grid and the substrate is 2 <B <30.
2. The method for producing a diamond-like thin film according to claim 1, which satisfies the relationship (mm).
【請求項3】対陰極と基体との距離をAとし、前記対陰
極と基体との間の印加電圧(対陰極は基体に対して正)
をVaとするとき、 5<Va/A<60(V/mm) の条件で前記の成膜が実施されることを特徴とする前記
第1項又は第2項記載のダイヤモンド様薄膜製造方法。
3. A distance between the counter cathode and the base is A, and an applied voltage between the counter cathode and the base (the counter cathode is positive with respect to the base).
3. The method for producing a diamond-like thin film according to claim 1, wherein the film is formed under the following condition: 5 <Va / A <60 (V / mm).
【請求項4】真空室、真空室内に低分子量炭化水素、又
は分解又は反応により低分子量炭化水素を生成し得る原
料ガスを導入する手段、熱陰極フィラメントとその周り
に設けられた対陰極とよりなる前記原料ガスのイオン化
手段、前記イオン化手段により形成された炭化水素イオ
ンの流れを加速するグリッド、及びグリッドの近くに設
けられた基体支持手段よりなるダイヤモンド様薄膜の製
造装置において、前記グリッドは次の条件 20<25.4mm当りの穴の数<120 20%<空間率<80% を満足する穴密度及び空間率を有することを特徴とする
ダイヤモンド様薄膜の製造装置。
4. A vacuum chamber, means for introducing a low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon or a raw material gas capable of producing a low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon by decomposition or reaction into the vacuum chamber, comprising a hot cathode filament and a counter-cathode provided therearound. In the apparatus for producing a diamond-like thin film, comprising: a source gas ionization means, a grid for accelerating the flow of hydrocarbon ions formed by the ionization means, and a substrate supporting means provided near the grid, the grid comprises: A diamond-like thin film manufacturing apparatus characterized by having a hole density and a void ratio satisfying the following condition: 20 <25.4 mm number of holes <120 20% <void ratio <80%.
【請求項5】グリッドと基体との距離Bが2<B<30
(mm)の関係を満足する前記第1項記載のダイヤモンド
様薄膜の製造方法。
5. The distance B between the grid and the substrate is 2 <B <30.
2. The method for producing a diamond-like thin film according to claim 1, which satisfies the relationship (mm).
JP17900889A 1989-07-10 1989-07-13 Method and apparatus for producing diamond-like thin film Expired - Fee Related JP2717856B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17900889A JP2717856B2 (en) 1989-07-13 1989-07-13 Method and apparatus for producing diamond-like thin film
US07/547,736 US5185067A (en) 1989-07-10 1990-06-29 Process for manufacturing diamond-like thin film

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17900889A JP2717856B2 (en) 1989-07-13 1989-07-13 Method and apparatus for producing diamond-like thin film

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0345595A JPH0345595A (en) 1991-02-27
JP2717856B2 true JP2717856B2 (en) 1998-02-25

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Country Link
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3985444B2 (en) * 2000-10-17 2007-10-03 日新電機株式会社 Method for forming carbon film on soft substrate surface

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